Results Of Stability Tests Research Articles

SYNTHESIS AND STABILITY OF RESVERATROL-CONJUGATED GOLD NANOPARTICLES MODIFIED WITH POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL

Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are highly useful for drug delivery, but their application is limited by their stability as they readily aggregate.This issue can be prevented by adding a stabilizing agent such as resveratrol (RSV), which is a polyphenol derived from plants, that is used to preventcancer. Therefore, we propose a novel method to prepare stable RSV-conjugated nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol (RSV-AuNP-PEG).Methods: In the first step, the Turkevich method was used to synthesize the AuNPs. Then, PEG was added as stabilizer agent and conjugated with RSV.The synthesized conjugates were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle sizeanalysis, and high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: The obtained RSV-AuNP-PEG had a particle size of 83.93 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.562 and formed a translucent purple-redfluid in solution. The zeta potential was −22.9 mV, and the highest entrapment efficiency was 75.86±0.66%. For comparison, the RSV-AuNP solutionwas purple and turbid, the particle size was 51.97 nm with a PDI of 0.694, and the zeta potential was −24.6 mV. The stability test results showed thatthe storage stability of RSV-AuNP-PEG was better than that of AuNP-RSV. Further, the RSV-AuNP-PEG was shown to be most stable in 2% bovine serumalbumin (BSA) while the AuNP-RSV was most stable in 2% BSA in phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.4.Conclusion: These results show that modification of RSV-conjugated AuNPs with PEG effectively prevents their aggregation in storage, but only incertain mediums.

EXPERIMENTAL APPLICATION OF HIPPOTHERAPY AGAINST PROBLEMS OF SENSOR INTEGRATION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS

Aim. The purpose of the article is to improve sensory integration, coordination and conditioning abilities in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) through hippotherapy classes. Material and methods. The pedagogical experiment was conducted on the premises of the Favorit equestrian club (Podolsk, Moscow Region) from September 2016 to September 2018. 10 preschool children with ASD participated in the experiment (experimental group). The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and literature summary; pedagogical testing; summative and formative assessment; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Analysis of changes in the indicators of the experimental group from the beginning to the end of the pedagogical experiment showed positive changes. The Romberg test indicators improved by 3.3 s, the results of the trunk stability test and trunk lift test improved by 6 and 5.03 s, respectively (p < 0.05). Assessment of sensory integration showed an improvement in tactile sensation by 14 points, in the vestibular apparatus by 12.63 points, the perception of visual information improved by 8.4 points (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The pedagogical experiment confirms the effectiveness of using hippotherapy for sensory integration dysfunctions in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders and improving coordination and conditioning abilities in children.

Development of a LAMP method for detecting the N75S mutant in SDHI-resistant Corynespora cassiicola

The replacement of asparagine with serine at codon 75 of the sdhC gene (N75S) confers succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor resistance in Corynespora cassiicola, which caused by consecutive fungicide application. To rapidly detect the mutation of N75S, a method based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed in this study. The optimal primer set among the six primer sets designed could clearly identify N75S from the wild-type genotype. The detection threshold of the optimized LAMP mixture (10 μL) was 8.8 fg of target DNA at 63 °C within 60 min. This method specifically showed a color change and ladder-like band only when DNA extracted from isolates containing the N75S mutation was added. The results of stability tests suggested a satisfactory repeatability of this method. Additionally, the assay could positively distinguish N75S mutants from crude DNA isolated from conidia and mycelia of C. cassiicola. Given the high efficiency, sensitivity, specificity, repeatability and simplicity of operation, the LAMP method established here could be useful to evaluate the shift in the sensitivity of C. cassiicola to SDHIs and will provide significant data for the management of Corynespora leaf spot.

Optimasi Formula Spray Gel Ekstrak Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine americana (Aubl) Merr)

The ethanolic extract from the bulb of Eleutherine americana has the potential for anti-inflammatory activity to be developed into a preparation that is a practical spray gel to use. The aim of this study is to made a spray gel containing ethanolic extract from the bulb of Eleutherine americana. Spray gel preparation was prepared by varying the concentration of Carbopol as a gelling agent with a concentration of F1 (0.4%), F2 (0.6%), and F3 (0.8%) with active substances and evaluated physical stability. Data from the results of physical stability testing in statistical analysis. Organoleptic test results and homogenity of ethanolic extract from the bulb of Eleutherine americana spray gel from all formulas showed stable, pH was in the range of 5.2-6.1 and Viscosity in formulas 1, 2, and 3 were respectively 0.65-1323 (Pa.s ) this condition is still within the range of viscosity of spray gel formulation, and have a spread pattern. While the formula 2 and 3, the viscosity is not eligible.

Fabrication of polyimide-based hollow fiber membrane by synergetic covalent-crosslinking strategy for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) application

Hollow fiber (HF) membranes have attracted rising attentions recently for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) applications. However, till now, hollow fiber OSN membranes are rarely reported, and most of them were prepared using expensive materials or special methods that are difficult to imply. In this study, a kind of HF OSN membrane with commonly used polyimide materials was prepared by a simple and feasible covalent-crosslinking strategy using polyethylenenimine (PEI) of low molecular weight and 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA) to realize an integral crosslinking of the polyimide substrate and the skin layer, and using glutaraldehyde (GA) to further improve the dye rejection. The fabricated HF OSN membrane under optimal conditions has an ethanol permeance of 4.47 L m−2 h−1 MPa−1, a Rhodamine B (479 Da) rejection of 96.5%, a mean pore size of 0.69 ± 0.27 nm, as well as a good solvent stability according to the results of a 7-days stability tests in polar and non-polar solvents, implying promising OSN applications. The synergetic covalent-crosslinking strategy reported in this work could provide insightful guidance for the fabrication of high-performance HF OSN membrane.

Bi-guanidinium-based crosslinked anion exchange membranes: Synthesis, characterization, and properties

In the overall alkaline stability for guanidinium cations, the substituted mode has been proven to play a very important role. Free and bulky alkyl substituents such as ethyl groups in guanidinium cations can provide large steric hindrance to resist the OH− attack and achieve much higher stability than conventional methyl-substituted ones. To obtain high-dimensional and good alkaline stabilities of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), linking the stable guanidiniums through suitable crosslinked structures (with different spacer structures or lengths) is a feasible strategy. In this study, bi-guanidinium-based crosslinked AEMs were prepared by Menshutkin reactions using brominated poly(2,6-dimethyl-phenylene oxide) and bi-guanidine crosslinkers followed by a complete quaternization of the remaining guanidine. The prepared membranes possess a low swelling ratio (<15% even at 80 °C), good thermal stability, and excellent mechanical properties. Alkaline stability test results showed that the bi-guanidinium crosslinked AEMs have excellent resistance to alkaline solutions, and more than 90% cations remained after immersing in 1 mol L−1 of NaOH solution at 60 °C for 30 days. These results suggest that crosslinking structures are effective in restraining the excess swelling and that delocalized guanidiniums are promising cations for application in AEMs.

The Use of Different Commercial Mineral Water Brands to Produce Oil-In-Water Nanoemulsions.

Nanoemulsions are submicron-size colloidal systems that have the ability to encapsulate, protect, and deliver active ingredients. They have been used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries to improve the absorption of drugs by the skin or via the gastrointestinal tract, aide in food conservation, and treat skin problems. To proper formulate a nanoemulsion, it is important to know the characteristics of its components (aqueous and oil phases, surfactants and additives), as well as the influence on the production method that will be used. This study investigates the influence of aqueous phase composition, stability and particle size in an oil-and-water nanoemulsion formation. By using a low energy method, the purified water was exchanged for different commercial mineral water and saline solutions, and the results of stability, particle size, pH and conductivity tests, were compared. These results show that the minerals present in commercial waters may alter the particle size, pH and conductivity values of nanoemulsions, as well as their stability.

Image Analytics for Food Safety

Infectious diseases and environmental pollution caused by toxic chemical agents such as heavy metals are significant concerns in the global world. For example, Mercury (Hg) and Arsenic (As) have been recognized as chemical threats for human health. It is difficult to achieve multiple detections of different types of targets in lateral flow strips because of the multiple reagent requirements, while microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μ-PADS) can provide independent channels and testing areas for colorimetric analysis. Herein, our group develops a low-cost, multiplexing, instrument-free, and simple paper-based fluidics biosensor to quantitatively determine Hg and As amounts in a linear range of 0 ppm - 30 ppm with a detection limit of 1 ppm and 2 ppm, respectively. We will present an overview of the results obtained with our fabrication process, the design of the preliminary pattern and image analysis of the responses in the test area, and the specificity test and stability test results.

Ordered mesoporous silica encapsulated carbon quantum dots and its application in Fe3+ detection

The nanocomposites prepared by the combination of SiO2 and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have the advantages of low toxicity, high fluorescence intensity, high biocompatibility and good water solubility, which greatly broaden its application range. Nevertheless, if only SiO2 and CQDs are simply combined without any structural design, the stability of the nanocomposites will be poor, which will affect its practical application value. In this work, we first synthesized ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) rapidly in aqueous solution by a facile method (30 min), and then generated CQDs in situ in the mesoporous channels of OMS by hydrothermal method to obtain CQDs@OMS fluorescent nanocomposites. The chemical structure and morphology of OMS and CQDs@OMS were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SAXRD and TEM, indicating that CQDs was successfully encapsulated in OMS. The stability test results of CQDs@OMS indicate that CQDs can be stably present in the mesoporous channels of OMS, and the fluorescence intensity of CQDs@OMS nanocomposites is almost independent of ionic strength, pH and storage time. The optical performance results show that the optimal excitation wavelength of CQDs@OMS nanocomposites is about 340 nm, the emission wavelength is about 440 nm. Using CQDs@OMS nanocomposites as fluorescent probes to detect Fe3+, it was found that CQDs@OMS responded very quickly to Fe3+. The fluorescence quenching intensity of CQDs@OMS has a good linear relationship with the concentration of Fe3+ in the range of 25–750 μM. Therefore, the trace amount of Fe3+ in solution can be calculated by measuring the relative magnitude of fluorescence intensity.

Development of genetically modified maize MIR604 matrix reference materials

<p indent="0mm">The safety supervision of genetically modified organisms (GMO) is the guarantee for the healthy development of the biotechnology, and the reference materials (RM) are the material basis for GMOs detection. The lack of RMs makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy, reliability and comparability of the test data. GM maize MIR604 is approved for import as a raw material in China. The safety supervision of GM maize MIR604 urgently requires to prepare RMs. The pure GM maize MIR604 matrix RMs were prepared through the steps of raw material identification, grinding, sieving and water content determination. The results of homogeneity test and stability test showed that the RMs in this batch had good homogeneity within the bottle and between the bottles, the property value of the RMs was stable, allowing them to be transported at room temperature for one month, as even for six months verified by the long-term stability test. The copy number ratio of the transgenic DNA to the total DNA was collaboratively characterized by nine laboratories using the duplex digital PCR of MIR604/<italic>Adh1</italic>. The certified value was 0.50. The various uncertainty components of the RM characterization results were fully evaluated, and the expanded uncertainty was combined to be 0.06 (copy/copy). The specification of RMs of this batch is <sc>1 g</sc> bottle^–1 and the minimum sample size is <sc>100 mg.</sc> This batch of RMs can be used in the fields of safety supervision and labelling of MIR604, and laboratory quality control.

Stability Testing of Compounding Capsule Combination between Paracetamol and Tramadol in a Private Hospital Semarang

A combination of Paracetamol and Tramadol is used in mild to severe pain management. In a private Hospital Semarang, this combination is included in fast-moving drugs that it is frequently compounded and prepared in advance. The study aims t o determine Beyond Use Date (BUD) in compounding capsules combination between Paracetamol and Tramadol samples. Beyond Use Date is a time limit indicating that a medicine beyond the expiration date must not be used and determined based on the results of stability testing. Samples were stored for 14 days in a tightly closed container far from direct sunlight in room temperature without AC (28 0 C) and without silica gel, room temperature with AC (25 0 C) without silica gel, and room temperature with AC (25 0 C) with silica gel. Furthermore, samples underwent physical and chemical stability testing. Physical stability testing was conducted using organoleptic testing by observing direct changes from the powder color in capsules, capsules form, and scent on the samples. Meanwhile, chemical stability testing was conducted by determining the content of active ingredient from the samples using reversed-phase HPLC method and C18 as the stationary phase, methanol and aquabidest (40:60) as the mobile phase, wavelength 271 nm, flow rate 0.6 mL/min and injection volume 10 μL. The result shows that s amples were physically stable for being able to retain the original physical properties showed by consistent powder color and capsules form, and there was no available scent. However, the chemical stability testing method was unable to separate and quantify the content of Paracetamol, Tramadol, and formed degradation products. It can be concluded that Beyond Use Date based on organoleptic and chemical stability testing for 14 days of compounding capsules combination between Paracetamol and Tramadol could not be determined. Nevertheless, this study showed favorable storage conditions in a tightly closed container far from direct sunlight in Room Temperature with AC (25 0 C) with Silica Gel.

Investigation of Moisture Sensitivity and Conductivity Properties of Inductive Asphalt Mixtures Containing Steel Wool Fiber

The construction of suitable roads in rainy areas has created problems in the construction process due to the low resistance of asphalt to moisture. To solve this problem, materials are commonly used that make mixtures resistant to moisture; however, these materials may reduce the dynamic resistance of asphalt. Therefore, materials should be used that, in addition to increasing the dynamic resistance, also increase the moisture resistance of asphalt mixtures. One of these materials used in this research is steel wool fiber (SWF), which in addition to creating conductive roads also could have a significant effect on moisture resistance. In this study, the impact of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% SWF on the Marshall stability and moisture sensitivity of mixtures was investigated using the Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength (ITS) tests, respectively. Moreover, using SWF as a conductive fiber, the conductivity properties of asphalt mixtures were explored to find the optimal amount of electrical conductivity. The results of the Marshall stability test indicated that by increasing SWF contents, the stability of mixtures increased, compared with the base sample, and greater amounts of 6% SWF resulted in the reduction of the Marshall stability. The results of ITS showed that modification of bitumen by SWF increased ITS and tensile strength ratio (TSR) amounts of mixtures. 6% SWF was the optimal amount for enhancing the resistance of asphalt mixtures to moisture sensitivity. The results of the electrical resistivity test showed that the resistivity had three phases: high resistivity, transit, and low resistivity. Mixtures containing less than 4% SWF illustrated an insulating behavior, with electrical resistivity greater than 7.62 × 108 Ω.m. At the transit phase, the resistivity of mixtures had a sharp reduction from 7.62 × 108 Ω.m to 6.17 × 104 Ω.m. Finally, 8% SWF was known as the optimal content for the electrical conductivity of mixtures.

Can internally generated FDI impact export performance? The study on Indonesia in the years 1980-2018

Objective: As part of a developing country, Indonesia is concerned with issues related to investment inflows and trade liberalization. The objective of this study is to examine whether or not inward foreign direct investment (FDI) influence to export performance in Indonesia over the time period 1980-2018. Research Design & Methods: We apply Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillip-Perron unit root test to check the stationarity. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)-bound test is applied to check co-integration existence. Findings: Results present that the variables are stationary at first differences I(1). The ARDL bound testing co-integration approach confirms that there is long-run relationship between considered variables. The findings also indicate the significant positive impacts of FDI on exports in long run and in the short run. The result of the Granger causality test confirms that there is a unidirectional causal relationship existing between the variables where export has a Granger cause to FDI. Results of stability test suggest that there is structural stability in the residuals of the equation of exports. Contribution & Value Added: FDI does not work uniformly in all sectors, and policymakers should understand the difference and identify their sector-wise policies relating with FDI. The law and order should also be maintained, which is the essential part to attract foreign investors. At this stage, we can also set the direction of future research, that is, the sector-wise study should be done on the relationship between FDI and exports.

Stability of Imported Commercial Fish Oils (Soft Gel) in East Java

Commercial fish oils (soft gel) have been widely traded in Indonesia, especially in East Java.The aimof this research was to determine the quality and stability of fish oils (soft gel) in East Java examined bySchaal oven method and to determine the amount of fatty acids in the commercial fish oil. The stabilityof the commercial fish oil was determined based on peroxide value, anisidine value, and total oxidationafter the oils were stored at 40oC for 6 days. The experimental design used in this research was completelyRandomized Design (CRD) with a treatment time of storage (H-0, H-2, H-4 and H-6). The quality of thecommercial fish oils was in accordance with IFOS on the parameters of the FFA, peroxide value, anisidin,and the total oxidation.The stability test results showed the fish oil quality decreased over time and onlyanisidine value was still met the IFOS standards. Sample S4 was found containing the highest amount ofomega 3 ada EPA, while S3 contained the highest amount of DHA.

Estudio comparativo entre el índice de masa corporal y el control postural en alumnos sanos de la carrera de Terapia Física de la Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca

Objective: To analyze in a population of young university students of the Degree in Physical Therapy of the Polytechnic University of Pachuca the influence of BMI on postural, antero-posterior, mid-lateral and general stability through the use of Biodex Balance SD system. Method: Measurements of height BMI weight of all individuals were performed, data were presented by means of registration tables, then the results were classified according to the BMI that presented each of them separating them into low, normal and overweight BMI groups and their postural stability test results were compared between these normal groups and the results presented graphically. Results: According to the comparisons, it was noted that overweight is a determining factor in postural control, mainly in the anteroposterior index with a score greater than .06 over those of normal BMI and .1 of those of low.

ISOLASI MINYAK ATSIRI BIJI BUAH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) DAN PENGGUNAANNYA DALAM PEMBUATAN SABUN TRANSPARAN YANG DI KOMBINASIKAN DENGAN MINYAK JARAK

Nutmeg oil is an essential oil produced through the distillation process from dried nutmeg seeds. Nutmeg oil is usually obtained after the fat contained in it is removed first. Nutmeg oil is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a remedy for stomach aches and diarrhea. The development of castor oil in Indonesia has been increasingly widespread, but its utilization has not been maximized. To maximize the utilization of castor oil, castor oil is processed into soap. Castor oil is always used in the manufacture of transparent soap because castor oil can provide transparent properties to soap. Soap is a surfactant that is used with water for cleaning and washing. The purpose of this study was to use nutmeg essential oil as a comparison with castor oil in making transparent soap. The research method used is experimental. Making transparent soap using nutmeg essential oil as a comparison with castor oil, the amount of nutmeg essential oil and castor oil used was 5ml, 10ml, 15ml, 20ml. Tests of soap preparations made include organoleptic tests, water content tests, pH tests, mineral oil tests, high foam tests and free fatty acid/free alkali tests. From the results of the tests carried out, it can be concluded that the ratio of nutmeg oil and castor oil which has the best concentration is the concentration of 5ml jatropha: 15ml nutmeg. This comparison meets the requirements, namely the results of organoleptic tests that produce good shape, smell and color, the results of the water content test produce 5.5%, the pH test results produce 8. the mineral oil test results were negative, the foaming power and foam stability test results were fixed at 285 and the free alkali test results were 0.039

Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of phenol on Fe-ZSM-5/PSSF membrane catalysts: Effect of framework Fe by hydrothermal synthesis

Two kinds of zeolite membrane catalysts, Fe–ZSM-5/PSSF and Fe2O3/ZSM-5/PSSF, were synthesized by hydrothermal method and incipient wetness impregnation method respectively, and tested for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of phenol in the fixed bed reactor. The paper-like stainless steel fiber (PSSF) were prepared by a combined papermaking and sintering process. Then hydrothermal and impregnation methods were applied to coat Fe–ZSM-5 as well as Fe2O3/ZSM-5 membrane catalyst on PSSF respectively. Framework Fe3+ species on the Fe–ZSM-5/PSSF zeolite membrane catalysts were characterized and tested for phenol oxidation in the fixed bed reactor. In addition, the effects of Si/Fe, temperature and residence time on catalyst performance were investigated. Results showed that Fe–ZSM-5/PSSF with Si/Fe = 120 showed highest activity. Higher temperature and longer residence time can improve the catalytic performance and the existence of the framework Fe3+ species over Fe–ZSM-5/PSSF can enhance the catalytic efficiency of phenol, with phenol conversion of over 99.0% and TOC conversion of 55.6% under condition of 4 cm bed height, 2 mL/min feed flow rate and 80 °C. Catalytic activity of Fe–ZSM-5/PSSF was dramatically increased compared to the Fe2O3/ZSM-5/PSSF, indicating the key role of framework Fe3+ played in the CWPO process. Finally, the stability test results showed that a relatively low decrease in activity of Fe–ZSM-5/PSSF (Si/Fe = 120) can be found after three consecutive runs (21 h).

Insights into the Low‐temperature Synthesis of LaCoO3 Derived from Co(CH3COO)2via Electrospinning for Catalytic Propane Oxidation

Summary of main observation and conclusionA series of electrospun LaCoO3 perovskites derived from CoX2 (X = CH3COO–, NO3–) were prepared and investigated for total propane oxidation. It is shown that pure rhombohedral perovskite LaCoO3 from Co(CH3COO)2 can be obtained at a relatively low temperature, 400 °C, benefitting from the complexation effect of CH3COO–. On the other hand, CH3COO– can accelerate the complete decomposition of polymer. The low‐temperature process can protect LaCoO3 nanoparticles from growing up. As a result, Co(CH3COO)2‐derived catalysts exhibit better propane oxidation activity than the ones suffered the same thermal treatment by using Co(NO3)2. XPS and H2‐TPR analysis provide that there is subtle change in Co3+/Co2+ on bulk/surface of Co(CH3COO)2‐derived catalysts prepared at different temperatures, giving rise to similar propane oxidation activities. Moreover, the result of cyclic stability test over 400 °C obtained catalyst shows little deactivation, demonstrating a good thermal stability. Our study can provide a feasible route for energy‐saving synthesis of LaCoO3 catalyst applied in the catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Development and characterization of exendin-4 loaded self-nanoemulsifying system and in vitro evaluation on Caco-2 cell line

Aim: Aim of this study was to develop exendin-4 and exendin-4/chymostatin loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS).Methods: Surfactants and co-surfactants were mixed, oil phase containing exendin-4 or exendin-4/chymostatin was added dropwise for SNEDDS. Short term physical stability test was performed prior to the release, lipolysis and permeability studies.Results: SNEDDS containing ethyl oleate: Cremophor EL®: Labrasol®: propylene glycole (15:42.5:21.25: 21.25) were selected for in vitro release and intestinal permeability studies for suitable parameters and physical stability test results. SNEDDS were obtained which yielded Grade B nanoemulsions having droplet size below 25 nm. In vitro release studies showed that 73.79% of the peptide was released for 2 h at pH 6.8. Both exendin-4 and exendin-4/chymostatin loaded SNEDDS were non-toxic to Caco-2 cells. Permeability coefficients of both exendin-4 loaded SNEDDS and exendin-4/chymostatin loaded SNEDDS were higher than exendin-4 solution.Conclusions: Intestinal permeability of exendin-4 has been improved by SNEDDS formulations.

PENGARUH JUMLAH UANG BEREDAR DAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

This study aimed to determine the effect of the money supply and population on economic growth in indonesia in the short and long term. This study used time series data from 1994 to 2017. The data analysis method used is the Auto Regressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) approach. The results showed that all variables are stationary at the co-integrated in the long run. The model stability test results showed that the model used was stable. The results show that all variables were stationary at the co-integrated level in the long run. The model stability test results showed that the model used is stable. Partially, in the analysis of short-term money supply had a negative and significant effect on the economic growth in Indonesia, and the population had a positive and significant effect on the value of economic growth in Indonesia. In the long-term analysis, the money supply had a negative and significant effect on the economic growth in Indonesia, and the population had a positive and significant effect on the economic growth in Indonesia. The coefficient determination R2 was 91.56 percent.