Results Of Sociological Survey Research Articles

Пандемия коронавируса (COVID-19): отложенные последствия для системы профилактики социального сиротства

The article presents an expert analysis of the impact of the restrictions imposed to prevent the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Russia on the situation of families with children and the children, as well as the delayed consequences for the social orphancy system in Russia. The expert assessment is based on the results of sociological surveys of the child protection representatives, their opinion on the impact of the pandemic on the well-being of families with children and children in 9 regions, the analysis of individual organizations for orphans and children left without parental care. The data on the difference in the assessment of the situation of specialists and representatives of the non-profit sector are correlated. Conclusions are drawn about the strengthening of the “medical approach” in assessing the well-being of a child against social and personal needs, the lack of flexibility in organizing the work of the subjects of the orphancy prevention system during restrictive measures, as well as objective limitations of the remote form of providing social services and the unavailability of such services for certain family categories. The research was com- missioned by the Elena and Gennady Timchenko Charitable Foundation.

Социальная активность жителей городского округа: политическая и гражданская самоорганизация

The article presents a sociological analysis of the social activity of the residents of the Khabarovsk city district, reflecting their political and non-political (civil) interests and motives for self-organization. The article presents methodological aspects of urban activism as a social construct with a civil (non-political) and political orientation, which are applied to the analysis of self-organization in an urban district. It is shown, that the high level of social deprivation in the conditions of life and transformation of the existing regional party-political structure of the executive and legislative (representative) authorities determines the social activity of citizens of the protest orientation, generates a state of risk factors and uncertainty. According to the authors, development of the forms of joint activity of the residents and local self-government bodies (one example of which is the territorial public self-government ) it contributes not only to the involvement of residents in solving the local problems, but also increases confidence in the authorities, reduces the protest of public consciousness. Based on the results of sociological survey of the residents of the city district, the potential possibilities of this process are shown.

The practice of self-preserving behavior of the citizen of the Russian Federation: the results of the All-Russian sociological study "The demographic self-feeling of Russia"

One of world trends in health care social policy is self-care behavior of population as willingness of every member of society to be personally liable for maintaining one's own health and prolongation of life activity. The value of health is considered as both human, personally significant and social capital, that is a must to achieve high indices of social development and to ensure national state security. The measures of state policy of the Russian Federation are targeted to develop culture of self-care behavior of citizen of the Russian Federation that is reflected in such national projects «Health care» and «Demography» that are implemented until 2024. To assess self-care behavior, it is necessary: to determine the need for longevity and degree of its implementation in various socio-demographic groups; to assess specifics of self-care behavior in context of motives of achieving longevity; to determine feedback in various socio-demographic groups to demographic policy measures to preserve population health and to reduce mortality; to analyze popular practices of self-care behavior. The article presents results of sociological survey on subject of «demographic self-feeling of Russia» carried out by the Institute of Social Political Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2020-2021, in terms of application of various practices of self-care behavior in Russia.

Priority of stimulating creative work in innovation management in the stage of globalization

Research background: It is substantiated that outdated motivational management in practice hampers the tasks of accelerated innovative development of domestic enterprises. This leads to the destruction of motives for the development of innovations, the spread of poverty among workers, in particular among developers of new ideas and innovations. Purpose of the article: The article is devoted to the problems of modeling the process of motivational regulation of innovative activity of employees at the enterprise. Methods: Our conceptual provisions based on analysis and generalization of data of statistics of economic activity of innovatively active enterprises of Ukraine. Practical experience of personnel management based on motivational management, results of sociological surveys of personnel and involvement of experts’ conclusions the level of economic activity of staff and creativity in work. Findings & Value added: The proposed model of motivational regulation of innovation activity of employees is based on the mandatory identification and consideration of priority factors that enhance the incentive effect of remuneration for the creative component of work, increase innovation activity of staff and enterprises in general, increase its profitability, and competitiveness. The peculiarity of the presented model is its flexibility in the choice of motivational regulators depending on the goals of the enterprise, the presence of a block of choice of motivational priorities in regulating innovation, the possibility of adjusting its effectiveness taking into account the efficiency of innovation in the enterprise and the internal and external environment.

Global terrorism threat: current situation and preventive measures

This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of global terrorism threats, as well as provides scientific definition of its key elements that pose challenges to the modern systems of state and national security. The goal of this research is to examine the various aspects of manifestations of terrorism as a threat to international security, and discuss ways of countering terrorism. Relying on numerous empirical research, the author employs innovative approaches towards formulating the definitions of terrorism as a global phenomenon. The article considers the socioeconomic, regional, historical-legal, and customs aspects of modern international terrorism are considered; as well as provides research provisions on the methods for detecting terrorist threats. The article uses various approaches towards definition of the concept of terrorism, and identifies the problems of terminology. The author touches upon the question of correlation between different types of criminal activity for the organization and execution of terrorist acts; describes the trends of modern terrorism; reveals the essence, prerequisites and objectives of terrorism as a global threat. The empirical part of research is based on the secondary data. The author summarizes the results of sociological surveys; examines the characteristics and evolution of personality of a terrorist; defines the criteria for comparison of the world’s countries by the level of terrorist activity. The average index of terrorist activity for macrogeographic regions and member-states of the Eurasian Economic Union is calculated. Special attention is given to the relevant questions of financing of terrorism, classification of the sources of funds received by the terrorist organizations and allocation of these funds. The article determines the role of customs in counteracting the manifestations of terrorism, and the key measures for observance of the UN resolution. The author substantiates the use of comprehensive approach towards the methods and means of counteracting the manifestations of terrorism; and formulates recommendations on the development of concerted strategies for countering terrorism in the EAEU member-states.

Scenarios for the Development of the Migration Problem in Russia

The article is devoted to the impact of migration processes on public opinion and possible solutions to the migration problem in modern Russia. An analysis and comparison of the results of sociological surveys conducted by various sociological agencies over the past five years has made it possible to identify the most vulnerable points in interethnic relations. Speaking about the future prospects of Russian migration policy, the authors offer scenarios for the development of the migration problem in Russia. To study the experience of the organization, as well as to determine the specific features of the functioning of the migration process, comparative methods are used to identify the main ways of regulating the migration policy in Russia and to compare this practice with international experience. The generalization method is also used, allowing the authors to identify common properties and characteristics of the objects of study by moving from a particular or less general concept and judgment to a more general concept or judgment within the framework of this study. The methods of induction and deduction are widely used in academic research. Thanks to these methods, researchers have the opportunity to examine certain processes in detail, build logical relationships and sequences, and identify patterns. The use of induction made it possible to derive general propositions from a series of particular statements and isolated facts based on data from past experience.

Algorithm for the Development of Public Spaces in Large Cities in the Context of Urbanization

Introduction. When selecting urbanized locations for parks and squares as centers of improvement and comfort of the urban environment, it is necessary to involve not only public authorities, but also activists. The purpose of the study is to build an algorithm for the development of public spaces in large cities, taking into account the schemes of interaction between state, municipal and business entities and activists. Materials and Methods. The study was based on publications by Russian and foreign scientists, regulatory documents on the research problem. The Rostov Region was the research subject, as well as the center of the region, the city of Rostov-on-Don with a population of over one million. The authors have analyzed the results of sociological surveys and rating voting on the development of public spaces in cities. The use of analytical methods and research techniques (analysis, generalization, induction and deduction, systems approach) made it possible to substantiate the authors’ point of view and the algorithm for the development of public spaces in large cities. Results. The scientific knowledge on the issues of harmonizing the interests of the population of large cities, municipal authorities, and business entities has been systematized in terms of improving urban planning, social and environmental strategies for the development of the region, based on information resources of the main indicators of the state of the environment and the investment attractiveness of the Rostov Region. Practical recommendations have been formulated for regional public authorities to ensure effective use of public spaces in large cities in the context urbanization. Discussion and Conclusion. Based on the study, the authors have proposed an algorithm for the development of public spaces in cities, which will combine the efforts of public authorities, business entities and the population in creating a comfortable urban environment in large cities. The materials of the article will be useful for city managers and heads of regions, as well as for specialists involved in the landscaping of public spaces.

О социокультурных основаниях российской идентичности

The article summarizes the results of sociological surveys of all-Russian and ethnic identity. The author concludes that in conditions of relative weakness of civil structures and political culture of participation, all-Russian identity is based on a wide range of socio-cultural sources. Ethnic identity and culture of trust play an important role among them. All-Russian and ethnic identities (mainly ethnic identity of Russians as the majority of the country) mutually support and nourish each other. Emotional involvement and the inspiring impulse of the state-civil Russian identity are provided and supported by the participation of feelings, perceptions, motivations that are part of the ethnic (ethnocultural) identity complex. Attitudes of interethnic tolerance act as a connecting link between the processes of strengthening ethnic identity and the formation of state-civil identity. Generalized trust (to people in general) and to people you know (to neighbors, colleagues, friends), as well as the skills of interethnic tolerance, can make a great contribution to the formation of national civil unity. These components form a bridging social capital (according to R. Putnam), aimed at involving all citizens of the country into a single field of civil integration. An important conclusion of the research is that generalized trust in all study regions favors the formation of an all-Russian identity and interethnic tolerance. The sociocultural basis of all-Russian identity must be strengthened by political categories of self-determination, including legal equality and respect for the law, which gain weight along with the development of civil society and stable traditions of political participation.

EU COHESION POLICY: DESIGN, EVOLUTION AND CRITICS

The article reflects the results of critical analysis of the content, objectives and stages of EU cohesion policy evolution. The objectives of the article are: 1) identification of the content and prerequisites for EU cohesion policy modernization in the period of programme periods change; 2) summarizing the results of critical assessment of policy effectiveness aimed at reducing disparities between the levels of regional development; 3) identification the features of adaptation of political initiatives and practical action areas focused on ensuring solidarity between European countries populations under pandemic conditions. It is established that the main policy changes for the new programme period (2021-2027) will be aimed at ensuring effectiveness, overall simplification of instruments and differentiation of regions-beneficiaries, as well as support its urban profile. It is argued that critique of cohesion policy is due to the problem of cost management mechanisms, contradictions in the interaction between national and European policy initiatives, communication challenges in experimental management, that limit the potential for regional development in EU. Based on the results of sociological survey, it is argued that the current format of Cohesion policy provides an insufficient level of solidarity in European society. In the context of pandemic challenges it is reoriented to fighting Covid-19, in particular by support of health system, expanding the capabilities of educational institutions for distance learning, etc. The practical significance of the research results lies in their perceptiveness as a philosophical and methodological basis for formation and implementation of regional development policy and ensuring social cohesion in Ukraine in the context of its eurointegrational aspirations.

The Self-Preserving Behavior of Citizen of The Russian Federation: Health Assessment and Possibilities of Longevity

The self-preserving behavior, as well as matrimonial, reproductive and migratory behavior, is component of demographic behavior and is characterized by complexity of evaluating and interpretating data obtained. The statistics provide no information about effectiveness of disease-oriented measures that affect longer healthy life expectancy and measures improving accessibility and quality of care that affect life expectancy and quality of patients with chronic diseases and the disabled. This information was derived from the results of sociological survey «The Demographic Well-being of Russia» implemented by the Institute of Social and Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2020-2021. This article is devoted to the results of this study in terms of assessment by Russians their own health status and possibility of longevity.

Transition of Universities to Distance Mode During the Pandemic: Problems and Possible Risks

The aim of the work is to analyze key problems and risks that have arisen in connection with the transfer of universities to distance educational activities during the introduction of strict restrictions related to the coronavirus pandemic. Among the main objectives of the study – identification of problems in the field of educational inequality, quality of education, the complexity of the educational process and cost of educational services as well as research experience of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, as one of the leading Russian universities, to overcome these problems in the period of the pandemic.Materials and methods. The analysis used data from sociological studies about attitude of university students and lecturers to distance learning conducted by expert organizations during the pandemic, analytical and informational materials of universities and bibliographic sources. Secondary analysis and interpretation of the results of sociological surveys, systematization and classification of theoretical and factual materials were used, analysis of management practices and experience of universities in the conditions of extreme transition to remote mode, including in comparison with foreign universities.Results. The study identified the key problems faced by the university community during the transition to distance work, among which are the growth of educational inequality, the dependence of the quality of education not only on the capabilities of educational institutions, but also on the competencies and technical capabilities of students and lecturers; increased academic load on both students and lecturers; possible quality reduction due to the spread of online education; the rising cost of education.The response of state authorities to the new “challenges” of the pandemic was timely: the regulatory framework was brought into line with modern conditions, the format of holding operational meetings of working groups with representatives of the university community was introduced and free access to a variety of domestic online courses was opened.Actions of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics to overcome threats during the pandemic, such as the revision of norms of time for calculating academic load, providing temporary use of laptops, webcams, organization of unlimited access to the largest electronic platforms for online learning, carrying out activities for administrative and teaching staff on issues of distance work, developing temporary local acts, organization of “Hot line” allowed to go into distance mode. Conclusion. Higher education institutions have passed a serious test for the strength and effectiveness of their work. Some countries, such as Brazil and a number of developing countries, have not been able to fully overcome the effects of the pandemic and switch to distance operation. The activities of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the University Community of the Russian Federation have demonstrated high efficiency and cohesion.Distance education will not completely replace classical full-time education. The future development of the higher education system will be influenced by two multidirectional trends of support and rejection of the full distance learning format. However, the coronavirus pandemic has shown the possible effectiveness of converting part of the learning to digital format, which will make learning more flexible, personalized and effective in the future.

Problems of forming a staff reserve for municipal employees

Introduction. The tasks developed within the framework of the ongoing intraregional policy are very diverse and are aimed at improving the life of the population and the development of municipalities. The success of their implementation largely depends on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the available factors of production. The key role belongs to human resources, namely: the presence of a contingent of municipal employees with the necessary competencies and qualifications. In this regard, it is necessary to prepare tools for ranking the quality of labour activity of municipal employees, adequate to the specific conditions of spatial development. The methodology for assessing labour contribution should include incentives to improve the performance of management activities that meet the requirements of the modern period of formation of the information economy. Revealing the relationship between the qualifications and competencies of working specialists in the administrations of municipalities and the socio-economic results of the functioning of the peripheral territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.Methods. In the course of the study, methods of induction and deduction, comparative and situational analysis, expert assessments, statistical methods of processing and analysing information, and the results of sociological surveys were used.Results and discussion. An analysis of the work of municipal administrations based on research materials for the Central Federal District and the Kursk Region using official statistical information and materials of sociological observations has been carried out. Factors positively and negatively affecting the performance of local government bodies have been established. Features of work and selection of municipal employees, revealed significant shortcomings in their training and preparation for practical activities, studied. The issue of creating a qualitatively new system for the training of municipal employees with the knowledge and competencies required to work in the digitalization environment isrelevant. It is necessary to actively apply various forms of training and professional development of specialists of local administrations, to take into account the opinions of residents of urban and rural settlements. It is advisable to recommend the tools of the program-oriented approach and expert assessments for use when justifying the scale of training a contingent of reservists to replenish the staff of municipal employees.Conclusion. The effectiveness of the activities of public authorities at the lower level is largely determined by the active position of the heads of municipal districts and employees of the apparatus of municipalities. The creation of a personnel reserve of municipal employees has a positive impact on the results of the work of the administrations of municipalities and the socio-economic situation of the territories. To achieve the targets in terms of the planned rates of economic and social development, it is necessary to activate various forms of work with specialists from the administrations of urban and rural settlements. Recommendations are formulated for the formation of a pool of municipal employees, based on the use of social technologies and modelling of competencies for the purpose of high-quality training of specialists for work in leadership positions in local authorities.

Institution of Military Chaplaincy in Ukraine: Emphasis on Catholic Church Activities

The article deals with the problem of military chaplaincy service formation in the period of independence of Ukraine as one of the priority directions of relations between the state and religious organizations in Ukraine.
 The current state of military pastoral care is analyzed directly in the context of Catholic churches activities in Ukraine in this aspect. In particular, the institutional component of the Catholic churches is clarified, statistics demonstrating the quantitative and percentage composition of the Catholic churches in the religious network of Ukraine are provided.
 The results of sociological surveys of the religious situation in Ukraine and the identification of religiosity of the population in the context of Catholic churches are analyzed. The opinion of the population of Ukraine regarding the trust in religious organizations, religious leaders (including the leadership of the Catholic churches) and the military formations of Ukraine is examined. The opinion of the population on the expediency of establishing a military chaplaincy institute in Ukraine is also clarified (through the results of sociological surveys).
 The organizational division of the internal structure of the Catholic churches in Ukraine is presented, and it is also clarified which structural units are responsible for coordination with the Ukrainian power structures and organization of pastoral work. Attention is drawn to the review of the cooperation of the Catholic churches in Ukraine with the military formations of Ukraine in the aspect of pastoral activity. Special attention is paid to the coverage of the various areas of pastoral work directly by the military chaplains of the Catholic churches and the coordination of this work by the relevant structural units of the Catholic churches. In particular, conferences, meetings, trainings, pilgrimages on the organization and implementation of pastoral work in the field of military chaplaincy.
 Also, consideration is given to the activities of the advisory body on military chaplaincy at the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine (which includes, in particular, the Catholic churches in Ukraine) and its contribution to the establishment of the Institute of Military Chaplaincy in Ukraine. The inter-denominational cooperation of the churches in Ukraine, including the Catholic ones, was considered in establishing a military chaplaincy institution in independent Ukraine through the activities of interfaith associations.
 It has been found that the issue of legislative securing of the Institute of Military Chaplaincy in the Armed Forces of Ukraine remains urgent. In this regard, the legislative work in this area and the involvement of Catholic churches in Ukraine are highlighted.

Sociological assessment of student activity potential as a subject of the educational process

The current stage of education modernization involves increasing student activity as a subject of the educational process, which should help to increase its independence and responsibility for the result. The research problem is the insufficient level of motivation and involvement in modern educational forms and technologies offered by the university and used in the learning process, which is noted today among young students. The research method is a monitoring sociological survey of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University students. The opinion poll is aimed at assessing students’ satisfaction with their education and at determining the level of their activity in the choice of academic disciplines, the implementation of educational forms and technologies, and the practical and creative development of the professional field competencies. The results of sociological surveys reflect the unused reserve of student activity, creativity potential along with the positive dynamics of independence, which is combined with a stable level of satisfaction with the training. This allows us to raise the question of increasing flexibility in the management of educational space, the wider inclusion of creative technologies and self-organizing processes, and taking advantage of a practice-oriented approach.

Potential of International Project Activity for University Development

In the context of global competition, Russian universities search for the most efficient solutions to achieve competitiveness in the global market. The particular challenges that Russian universities face today include enhancing the quality of education and research, development of export potential, integration into international academic environment, diversification and search for new financial sources. The article considers international project activity as the most efficient tool of university internationalization process and solving the university tasks. Fundraising and international projects provide substantial support for achieving the set objectives in terms of both allocating additional financial resources and attracting intellectual capacity of international partners. Due to such features as practice orientation, time limits, and the ability to integrate different types and forms of international cooperation, the projects help university to address the challenges in a complex way and achieve multiple effects and, therefore, contribute significantly to developing world-demanded research, creating scholars networks and publishing, strengthening international partnerships, capacity building, enhancing academic mobility, developing the university campus and its infrastructure. The authors present the management model of international fundraising and projects implementation at Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. Lomonosov, describe specific features of carrying out research and educational projects in cross-cultural context (also within the framework of cross-border cooperation in Barents Euro-Arctic Region). The article outlines the competences required for successful project implementation, gives examples of NArFU international projects aimed at solving challenges in the Arctic Region. The efficiency of the given management model is analyzed, also by presenting the results of sociological survey made with involvement of the projects participants.

ПИТАННЯ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ РЕСУРСНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ЛЮДЕЙ ПОХИЛОГО ВІКУ В СФЕРІ ОСВІТИ

In the context of accelerating the demographic aging of Russia and raising the retirement age in the country, the issues of active longevity and the realization of the resource potential of older people in various fields are significantly updated. The purpose of the article is to assess the implementation of active longevity in the field of education. The object of the study is the population of the retirement age of the Komi Republic. Methods used in the study. The study used methods of systemic, statistical analysis, comparison, induction and financial and economic analysis. The main hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the use of the resource potential of older people will improve the quality of education with a view to the sustainable development of the state economy. Statement of the main material. The study was carried out on the basis of official statistics and the results of sociological surveys of the population over 55 years old, conducted in 2013 and 2018. The article discusses the dynamics of the level of professional education of the population over working age in Russia and the Komi Republic, assesses the attitude of older people to new knowledge and their real willingness to learn as the most important components of the resource potential of older generations. The originality and practical value of the study. It was established that almost half of Russian pensioners are highly qualified specialists with secondary and higher professional education, in Komi their educational level is somewhat shifted in favor of secondary professional education, which is due to the characteristics of the sectoral structure of the economy. The level of education of older people continues to grow and is gradually approaching the level characteristic of working age. At the same time, the older generation has significant cognitive potential, which is characterized by growth. More than 60% of older people surveyed in 2018 believe that older people are able to acquire new knowledge and skills, and 40% are ready to retrain themselves. Conclusions. In the context of the growing economic challenges of demographic aging, it is necessary to expand the possibilities of realizing the resource potential of the older population, not only in employment, but also in education

Особенности жизненных стратегий молодежи в условиях Арктики

Цель работы — представить региональный контекст социализации молодых людей, проживающих в особых условиях, детерминированных рядом объективных обстоятельств, а также субъективными факторами. В качестве теоретико-методологической рамки работы выступил рискологический подход Ю.А. Зубок, на основе которого сделан акцент на социальной обусловленности жизненных стратегий молодежи Арктической зоны РФ. Последние рассматриваются через средовые факторы риска макро- и мезоуровня в условиях Арктики, а также через деятельностные факторы риска, реализующиеся на микроуровне через планы, установки, ориентиры, выборы и другие элементы жизненных стратегий. Представлен обобщающий анализ статистических данных и материалов социологических исследований по теме жизненных стратегий, проводимых во всех регионах, входящих в Арктическую зону РФ. Эмпирическую базу статьи составили результаты социологических исследований, проведенных методом анкетного опроса среди различных групп населения, в том числе и молодежи, в Мурманской области в период с 2014 по 2018 гг. под руководством авторов статьи. В результате исследований получены систематизированные данные об отношении молодежи к проживанию в регионе, миграционных установках и наличии миграционного опыта, ожиданиях и притязаниях молодежи в различных сферах, социально-групповых и статусных характеристиках молодых северян. Выявлены основные противоречия между управленческими решениями органов власти федерального и регионального уровней, отраженными в основных документах, и фактическим положением дел, представленным статистическими показателями и результатами социологических исследований. С одной стороны, в стратегических документах декларируется отказ от вахтовой модели освоения Севера в пользу комплексного социально-экономического развития, в том числе направленного на удержание и привлечение человеческих ресурсов, на повышение качества и уровня жизни населения. С другой стороны, отмечается неуклонное снижение численности населения, преимущественно за счет миграционного оттока молодежи, что демонстрирует низкую удовлетворенность условиями жизни в регионе, возможностями самореализации в различных сферах.

Ensuring the civil security in territorial entities

Subject. As the society faces more and more threats and risks, civil security issues become a priority. The civil security means the protection of a citizen from external and internal threats arising from the societal, natural and technological environments. Objectives. The study evaluates threats and civil security in territorial units. Methods. I applied methods of the comparative analysis, results of sociological surveys and official statistics. Results. What seems to put people at peril at the local level is mushrooming threats of emergencies. Evaluating the security of the urban environment, I should point out low road accident rates, good fire safety, more preventive public security actions for people and businesses. In the mean time, I mention weaknesses, such as buildings in residential areas that can be destroyed by land slides, residential areas exposed to karst hazards, floods in cities and houses during spring tides, few people having access to central communication channels, its obsolescence, low capacity and insufficient ramification of sewage networks, etc. Conclusions and Relevance. There should be a conceptual smart city model, which would refer to the public feedback on the urban environment. At the municipal level, I should prioritize the improvement of emergency prevention practices, expansion and development of video surveillance in publicly important places, air pollution monitoring, rehabilitation of the existing sewage network, geological surveys of karst hazards in urban areas, etc.

Особенности Деятельности Самозанятых Граждан На Современном Рынке Труда (Features of the Activities of Self-Employed Citizens in the Modern Labor Market)

Russian Abstract: В материале представлены результаты социологического исследования, выполненного Научно-исследовательским центром социально-политического мониторинга Школы публичной политики и управления Института общественных наук РАНХиГС в 2019 году. Результаты исследования представляют оценку масштабов российской самозанятости, в том числе в неофициальной экономике, и анализ особенностей ее функционирования, включающий анализ потребностей, интересов, социальных оценок, ценностных ориентаций, установок и поведения самозанятых, находящихся в причинно следственной связи с их экономическим и социальным положением. Результаты исследования представлены в сопоставлении с результатами социологических опросов, проведенных Центром в предыдущие годы по сопоставимой методике. Основные выводы, полученные по результатам социологического исследования, легли в основу рекомендаций, позволяющих органам государственного управления создавать благоприятные условия для развития деятельности самозанятых в официальном секторе экономики. English Abstract: The scientific report presents the results of a sociological study carried out by the research center for socio-political monitoring of the School of public policy and management of the Institute of social Sciences of the RANEPA in 2019. The results of the study provide an assessment of the scale of Russian self-employment, including in the informal economy, and an analysis of the features of its functioning, including an analysis of the needs, interests, social assessments, value orientations, attitudes and behavior of the self-employed, which are in causal relationship with their economic and social situation. The results of the study are presented in comparison with the results of sociological surveys conducted by the Center in previous years using a comparable methodology. The main findings of the sociological study formed the basis of recommendations that allow public authorities to create favorable conditions for the development of self-employed in the official sector of the economy.

Features of polyconfessional situation in Ukraine

The article analyzes the origins and the current state of the multi-confessional context in Ukraine, examines the problems and prospects of its development, and relates the features of the multi-confessional country with the state of historical and social conditions and characteristics.
 The authors clarify the main concept of "multiconfessionality", based on the definitions provided by modern studies. The authors use practical examples of the presence of multiconfessionality in Ukrainian society, which is created by the historical state of socio-political context in the country.
 Based on the analysis of the plane of multiconfessionality of Ukrainian society, where the system of religious diversity forms special values, it leads to tolerance and political correctness, typical for European society. Using the results of sociological surveys made by Razumkov Center, official statistics of the Ministry of Culture, Pew Research Center, Institute of Sociology of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Alexander Yaremenko Ukrainian Institute of Social Research, Center for Social Monitoring, SOCIS, etc., the authors illustrate materials that prove the values of modern Ukrainian society in terms of trends of development of religious environment in Ukraine. 
 The article analyzes current statistics on the number of religious institutions, development of institutional structures, and correlates the quantitative indicators of the proportion of the population that declares their religiosity. The article outlines the consolidation of religious organizations through membership in inter-religious, inter-denominational associations and their participation in the social sphere. Our paper mentions specific features of multiconfessionality in Ukraine.
 All hypothesis are confirmed in the main lines of correlation of the concepts of "state-church", "inter-religious relations", "trust to the church", "trust in state institutions". Conclusions are drawing attention to the problems of the modern development of the religious environment and the consolidation of Ukrainian society.