Restricted Area Research Articles

Victoria West-like Core Technology from Fengshudao, an Early–Middle Pleistocene Site in Bose Basin, South China

ABSTRACT The Victoria West core technology (VWCT) has long been regarded as an important and uniquely prepared core tradition in the Acheulean. This technology is currently the earliest prepared core technology (0.8–1.1 Ma) to appear during the Paleolithic. The VWCT is thought to have many conceptual and technological similarities with the Levallois technology and is sometimes considered to be a “proto-Levallois” tradition. The discovery and subsequent analyses of VWCT have led to extensive discussion among Paleolithic archaeologists about the origin and development of prepared core technologies and associated complex cognitive abilities of early hominins. Unfortunately, VWCT has only been reported from one restricted area of the world, central South Africa. This has made it difficult to determine how widespread this behavior may have been. Here, we report evidence of a similar technology to the VWCT outside South Africa, from the Bose (Baise) Basin in southern China, a basin that has long been considered a core large cutting tool-bearing region in eastern Asia. Eight stone artifacts from the Middle Pleistocene Fengshudao site in Bose appear to be quite similar to the VWCT from the Canteen Kopje site in South Africa. These findings from Fengshudao potentially expand the distribution area of this technologyto eastern Asia and for the first time demonstrate that prepared core technology, along with the required cognitive abilities, also exists in the East Asian Early Paleolithic. The Fengshudao evidence from southern China, being so far east of South Africa suggests this may be a case of convergent evolution.

A survey of infection prevention and animal-assisted activity policies in health care facilities—United States, 2023

In a survey of 104 USinfectious disease specialists, 88% reported working in facilities that allow animal-assisted activities or pet visitation. Variability existed in the species of animals allowed, restricted areas, and veterinary assessments, demonstrating a need to standardize infection prevention approaches across health care facilities to mitigate potential risks.

Beyond ‘Community Craft Specialisation’ in Prehistoric Mainland Southeast Asian Metallurgy: Copper Smelting Behaviours at Khao Sai On, Nil Kham Haeng, Non Pa Wai, Phromthin Tai, and Tha Kae in Central Thailand

Archaeology in Lopburi Province has been under long-term development since the 1970s and has led to the discovery of Khao Wang Prachan Valley (KWPV) as one of three currently known primary copper production (mining and smelting) sites in Southeast Asia. However, since the 1980s, archaeometallurgical research has focused mainly on the two sites of Non Pa Wai (NPW) and Nil Kham Haeng (NKH), dated from the Neolithic (ca. 1800 B.C.) to Early Iron Age (ca. 2300 B.C.), that are known to have large sequences of archaeological material linked to copper production. Although other sites with evidence of copper production are known in this restricted geographical area, their assemblages have not previously been subjected to archaeometric study. This article discusses the results of archaeometallurgical analyses of slags from Khao Sai On (KSO), Tha Kae (TK), and Phromthin Tai (PTT) with sequences dated during the Middle-Late Iron Age. Slag analysis reveals that different smelting behaviours were occurring at these sites. One heterogenous smelting behaviour at Khao Sai On was probably linked to a smaller community practicing metallurgy among other activities, while Phromthin Tai shows more homogeneous production linked to a larger settlement. Although these three sites are located within 26 km of each other, smelters were probably exploiting different local copper deposits around KWPV. The results seem to support a community based type of production where production behaviours are linked to local geology, technical competence, and intensity of exploitation.

Lessons Learned from Active Clinical and Laboratory Surveillance during the Sheep Pox Virus Outbreak in Spain, 2022-2023.

In September 2022, more than 50 years after its eradication from Spain, Sheep pox virus was confirmed by laboratory analysis in sheep showing characteristic lesions. This was the start of an outbreak that lasted 9 months and infected 30 farms dispersed over two different areas, Andalusia and Castilla-La Mancha. Early after the initial confirmation, an active surveillance based on clinical inspection with laboratory confirmation of sheep with clinical signs was started in restricted areas. This allowed the confirmation of Sheep pox in 22 out of 28 suspected farms, where limited numbers of sheep with mainly erythema and papules were found, indicative of early detection. Nevertheless, to improve active surveillance and stop the outbreak, clinical inspection was reinforced by laboratory analysis in all inspected farms, even when no clinically diseased sheep were detected. Although more than 35,000 oral swabs from 335 farms were analysed by real-time PCR in pools of five, only two out of six reported outbreaks in this period were detected by laboratory analysis before clinical signs were observed. Furthermore, additional insights were gained from the extensive laboratory surveillance performed on samples collected under field conditions. No evidence of Sheep pox virus infection was found in goats. Oral swabs proved to be the sample of choice for early detection in the absence of scabs and could be tested in pools of five without extensive loss in sensitivity; serology by ELISA was not useful in outbreak detection. Finally, a non-infectious genome of the virus could be detected months after cleaning and disinfection; thus, real-time PCR results should be interpreted with caution in sentinel animals during repopulation. In conclusion, the outbreak of Sheep pox virus in Spain showed that active clinical inspection with laboratory confirmation of clinically diseased sheep via oral swab testing proved a sensitive method for detection of infected farms, providing insights in laboratory surveillance that will be helpful for other countries confronted with Sheep pox outbreaks.

Spatial and temporal variations of fish assembly with environmental parameters from two major rivers in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh

The study examined habitat and seasonal variations of fin fish structure and ecological parameters in the Atrai and Dhepa Rivers, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The researchers collected data from four sampling stations, revealing 15532 individuals from 44 genera and 59 species. Pethia ticto, Chanda nama, Cirrhinus reba, Puntius sophore, and Salmophasia bacaila were recorded as dominated fishes (>4.95%). The fish population was highest in autumn at Mohonpur (MP), while lowest in the monsoon at Karnai Bazar (KB). There were no significant variations across stations for rainfall, dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency, air and water temperatures, and pH. However, significant differences were observed among seasons based on all factors. The study also revealed differences in dominance, Margalef, Shannon, and evenness diversity indices spatiotemporally, except for evenness diversity indices among seasons. The findings could be useful for conservation studies in the future, especially after establishing and managing restricted areas like fish sanctuaries in both rivers. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(2), 55-66, 2024

Model Of Management Lubuk Larangan for Area Development in Mandailing Natal District

This research proposes a comprehensive Model of Management for Lubuk Larangan, a unique cultural and natural resource in the Mandailing Natal District. Lubuk Larangan, traditionally known as a restricted fishing areas, holds significant cultural and ecological value for the local communities. However, the increasing pressures from modern development and anthropogenic activities necessitate the establishment of an effective management model to ensure sustainable area development.The proposed model integrates traditional wisdom, community participation, and modern management approaches to strike a balance between cultural preservation and sustainable development goals. It takes into account the socio-economic dynamics, environmental considerations, and aspirations of the local communities, aiming to create a harmonious and adaptive framework. Key components of the model include community engagement, knowledge transfer, regulatory frameworks, and monitoring systems. The model also emphasizes the importance of collaboration between local authorities, non-governmental organizations, and the communities to foster a sense of shared responsibility and ownership. This research utilizes quantitative methods approach quantitative data analysis to develop and validate the proposed model. The findings are expected to contribute to the sustainable development of Lubuk Larangan and serve as a valuable reference for similar initiatives in other regions facing the challenges of balancing cultural preservation and modern development. The model's success would not only benefit the Mandailing Natal District but also provide insights into the broader field of cultural and environmental resource management.

Translating Non-standard Language

With the flowering of literary works written in a non-standard variety, especially in dialect, translation studies have tried to partially delineate theories, methods, and models to apply when translating these kinds of work. Despite this, translating a literary work written in dialect always represents a challenge for a translator. This difficulty is due to the main characteristics of dialects: they are spoken in a very restricted area and depict a specific cultural world. An example is represented by the language of Andrea Camilleri’s novels. In fact, by examining some linguistic features and expressions taken from the English translation of three of Camilleri’s detective novels, this paper offers an analysis of the linguistic choices made by the American translator Stephen Sartarelli, with a particular attention on Sicilian culture.

Aphelenchoides besseyi Parasitizing Tobacco Cultivars in Brazil.

Foliar nematodes (Aphelenchoides spp.) are known to be parasites of tobacco in restricted areas, but symptoms caused by A. besseyi in tobacco are not well characterized, despite the great importance of this nematode worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the host reaction of four Nicotiana tabacum cultivars (Comum, Xanthi, Samsun, and TNN) and N. benthamiana cultivar Comum to A. besseyi and to characterize the symptoms and the parasitism of this nematode. Two experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions with controlled humidity and temperature, in which the plants were inoculated with 600 A. besseyi. At 30 days after inoculation (DAI), nematodes present in the soil, roots, and shoot parts were extracted, and roots and shoot tissues were stained with acid fuchsin. A high number of A. besseyi was obtained per gram of shoot tissues (125 to 2,169 nematodes), and severe symptoms were observed in leaves and inflorescences of all cultivars. The symptoms included foliar distortion and deformation, necrotic spots delimited by the veins, flower abortion, and poor development of plants. In addition, A. besseyi was observed to penetrate tobacco roots at 30 DAI, and nematodes were also observed in the foliar mesophyll, inflorescences, and stems, a parasitism that has not been previously reported in tobacco plants. The disease caused by A. besseyi in tobacco could be a concern for growers in southern and northeastern Brazil because this nematode can cause severe damage to the marketable leaves of tobacco, reducing its commercial value.

Oceanic euxinia and seafloor oxygenation linked to continental weathering and influxes during the Late Devonian Frasnian–Famennian bio-crisis and Annulata bio-event

Oceanic anoxia is regarded as the immediate cause of the Late Devonian Frasnian–Famennian (F–F) bio-crisis and Annulata bio-event. The oceanic anoxia has been linked to continental weathering and input. However, some previous findings indicate oxic marine environments during the F–F bio-crisis. Moreover, the relative impact of terrestrial input on the Late Devonian oceanic redox conditions, when comparing a bio-crisis and a bio-event, remains unknown . Here, we present a decoupled oceanic redox model suggesting the redox conditions were different between shallow and deep water columns during the F–F bio-crisis, i.e., intensified euxinia in the photic zone and a more oxygenated condition at the seafloor. Geochemical (biomarker and trace metal) and sedimentologic evidence from the Late Devonian Seaway, eastern U.S., indicate that the shallow-deep decoupled oceanic redox conditions were regulated by terrestrial weathering and input. During the F–F bio-crisis, land nutrient input intensified photic zone euxinia through eutrophication, while hyperpycnal flows oxygenated seafloors. After the F–F bio-crisis, the seafloor redox conditions shifted from oxygenation to silled euxinia, and the watermass became hydrographically restricted. During this post-F–F interval, the euxinia at the seafloor intensified due to land nutrient runoff during the Annulata bio-event. Importantly, the land weathering and input during the F–F bio-crisis were more prominent than during the Annulata bio-event. This resulted in widespread and intense photic zone euxinia during the F–F bio-crisis, relative to the seafloor euxinia that developed in restricted areas during the Annulata bio-event. Our decoupled oceanic redox model may explain the preferential decimation of shallow-water organisms during the F–F bio-crisis. The seafloor euxinia during the Annulata bio-event may provide a niche for the turnover of benthic faunas adapting to low oxygen levels. This study suggests that continental weathering and influxes played an important role in regulating oceanic oxygen evolution and impacting life evolution and bio-diversity.

Surveillance System with Human Intrusion Detection

Security in restricted areas is essential for protecting valuable assets, sensitive information, ensuring the safety from intruders. Traditional security systems have many limitations, where they cannot authenticate whether the entered person is an intruder or not. To address this challenge by implementing a real-time face recognition- based surveillance system, is the goal of this project. Realtime Intrusion detection system provides surveillance for restricted and confidential areas with help of face recognition and detection, when an intruder or unauthorized person enters the area, this system will give an alert to the respective in charge through various channels, including email, messaging services, and direct phone calls. In this system, the OpenCV python library along with several algorithms are used to abstract the facial features and to take the input dataset. For face detection, the system utilizes SCRFD and YOLO, and it employs Arcface for accurate face recognition. This technique ensures the system can distinguish between an intruder and an authorized individual entering the secured area. This proactive approach enhances surveillance efficiency and reinforces the safety and integrity of restricted areas. For instance, when an individual enters the restricted area, the system captures and analyses their face. It then verifies whether the detected face matches any authorized faces in the registered user database. If there’s no match, the system identifies the person as an intruder and promptly sends an alert to the designated authority. To enhance accessibility, a user-friendly graphical interface (GUI) has been developed using Python’s Tkinter.

Generation of quasi-traveling waves in a finite rectangular membrane with two internal viscoelastic line supports

In this work we study the forced vibration of a finite rectangular membrane driven by arbitrarily distributed boundary motion on two adjacent edges and internally coupled with multiple viscoelastic line supports, as an extension of the analysis of coexisting vibrations and waves in one-dimensional elastic strings and ducts. Using the static solution for the membrane displacement in the absence of interior supports, the response of the nonclassically damped system is obtained through a normal-mode expansion. A traveling-wave index based on complex orthogonal decomposition is utilized to identify and optimize the traveling waves in the rectangular membrane. A vibration localization condition in a semi-infinite membrane is analytically derived, from which the complex boundary excitations and constraints in a finite membrane are specified to effectively realize pure traveling waves and confine the vibration to a restricted area. Then the membrane is edge-driven by a simpler time-periodic, spatially sinusoidal excitation for practical realization, with the line-support parameters optimized using the traveling-wave index function and a derivative-free optimization routine with lower-bound constraints. Analytical results show that quasi-traveling waves are produced for ranges of line-support parameters (location, stiffness and damping) following optimization using the traveling-wave index. The developed wave patterns are examined with a power-flow analysis and numerically verified through finite element analysis. Wave localization is demonstrated to be valid in a finite membrane with specific boundary conditions and multiple viscoelastic line supports. The proposed method shows the predictive ability of the orthogonally stiffened membrane configuration as the basic unit cell for the design of periodic structures with directional wave propagation as well as vibration localization dynamics.

Indicators for monitoring reduced impact logging in the Brazilian amazon derived from airborne laser scanning technology

Monitoring reduced impact logging (RIL) activities in sustainably managed forest areas in the Amazon is a costly and complex, yet crucial endeavor. One viable monitoring option is the use of airborne laser scanning (LiDAR), which enables estimating forest structure parameters over large areas in a reduced timeframe with high accuracy. In this study, we propose and assess the applicability of five monitoring indicators for RIL based on Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data acquisition in areas under forest concession. Five Annual Production Units (APUs) were investigated within the Forest Management Unit (FMU) III of the Jamari National Forest, located in the Southwest of the Brazilian Amazon. These sites were surveyed by LiDAR in 2014 and 2015 (one year after the exploration). Digital Terrain Models (DTMs), Surface Models (DSMs), and Canopy Height Models (CHMs) were generated for each APU. The proposed indicators were: i. Detection and identification of crown removal in dominant and co-dominant trees above 30 m; ii. Gap detection in the forest canopy; iii. Impacts of Reduced Impact Logging on the Understory; iv. Changes in the vertical canopy profile; and v. Affected areas within Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) and restricted areas. There was a 3.95% reduction in the occurrence of taller canopies after RIL, and a higher occurrence of small gaps (λ > 1), with λ values (2.34) being higher in the area with the oldest logging history (APU 1). Gini coefficient values in all APUs were below 0.5, indicating a low intensity of disturbances in the forest canopy. The shape (γ) and scale (β) parameters of the understory and canopy were not significantly correlated with variables related to selective logging. Restricted areas were considered for the allocation of roads, trails, log landings, and places with slopes equal to or >15%, and the indices of areas affected by RIL in PPAs and restricted areas were <2%. The proposed indicators using LiDAR data show great potential for monitoring managed areas in the Amazon and can be utilized by concession companies and government oversight.

Ultrafast electron transfer at the In2O3/Nb2O5 S-scheme interface for CO2 photoreduction

Constructing S-scheme heterojunctions proves proficient in achieving the spatial separation of potent photogenerated charge carriers for their participation in photoreactions. Nonetheless, the restricted contact areas between two phases within S-scheme heterostructures lead to inefficient interfacial charge transport, resulting in low photocatalytic efficiency from a kinetic perspective. Here, In2O3/Nb2O5 S-scheme heterojunctions are fabricated through a straightforward one-step electrospinning technique, enabling intimate contact between the two phases and thereby fostering ultrafast interfacial electron transfer (<10 ps), as analyzed via femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. As a result, powerful photo-electrons and holes accumulate in the Nb2O5 conduction band and In2O3 valence band, respectively, exhibiting extended long lifetimes and facilitating their involvement in subsequent photoreactions. Combined with the efficient chemisorption and activation of stable CO2 on the Nb2O5, the resulting In2O3/Nb2O5 hybrid nanofibers demonstrate improved photocatalytic performance for CO2 conversion.

Endemism and regionalization of Neotropical mammals: a multi-taxon analysis

Abstract The distribution pattern of a taxon is a consequence of historical and contemporary processes—specifically ecological and evolutionary processes—which tend to result in distributional congruence among species that respond similarly to the same processes. This congruence leads to the establishment of areas of endemism that are important for delimiting biogeographic regions. In the Neotropical region, different definitions of area of endemism have been proposed based on the distributional patterns of mammal species, each according to different methods and assumptions. In this study, we aimed to identify areas of endemism of Neotropical mammals, represented by 361 species of Placentalia (Xenarthra, Chiroptera, and Carnivora) and Marsupialia (Didelphimorphia and Paucituberculata), using an endemicity analysis implemented by the software NDM (eNDeMism software) and a hierarchical cluster analysis based on Simpson’s beta dissimilarity metric (βsim). The results suggest alternative spatial configurations within northern and southern parts of the Neotropics along transition zones. Additionally, there are indications of more restricted areas of endemism throughout the Neotropical region and with more species supporting the areas, such 1 area located in the region corresponding to the Atlantic forest and 2 areas corresponding to Mexican transition zone. The study enhances our understanding of Neotropical mammal biogeography and underscores the importance of using primary distribution data. Previous studies found 82 endemic species based on range maps, whereas our analyses identified 172 endemic species, including 125 that are newly proposed as such, and also confirmed the existence of 47 previously reported endemic species.

Trajectory-driven computational analysis for element characterization in Trypanosoma cruzi video microscopy.

Optical microscopy videos enable experts to analyze the motion of several biological elements. Particularly in blood samples infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), microscopy videos reveal a dynamic scenario where the parasites' motions are conspicuous. While parasites have self-motion, cells are inert and may assume some displacement under dynamic events, such as fluids and microscope focus adjustments. This paper analyzes the trajectory of T. cruzi and blood cells to discriminate between these elements by identifying the following motion patterns: collateral, fluctuating, and pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ). We consider two approaches: i) classification experiments for discrimination between parasites and cells; and ii) clustering experiments to identify the cell motion. We propose the trajectory step dispersion (TSD) descriptor based on standard deviation to characterize these elements, outperforming state-of-the-art descriptors. Our results confirm motion is valuable in discriminating T. cruzi of the cells. Since the parasites perform the collateral motion, their trajectory steps tend to randomness. The cells may assume fluctuating motion following a homogeneous and directional path or PTZ motion with trajectory steps in a restricted area. Thus, our findings may contribute to developing new computational tools focused on trajectory analysis, which can advance the study and medical diagnosis of Chagas disease.

Research on the mechanism of leader-follower product sales competition based on market access restrictions and forward contract considerations

Market access restrictions have been the focus of attention for various market players, but there are fewer studies on the competitive mechanism of market access restrictions on firms' product sales. This paper investigates the competitive mechanism of leader-follower product sales based on market access restrictions and forward contracts. First, the mechanism of leader-follower sales decisions based on market access restrictions and forward contracts is clarified. Second, it models the forward default risk suffered by followers and the profit rate of leader-follower based on market access restrictions and forward considerations by Bayes' posterior probability method. Moreover, it severely explores the impact mechanisms of the degree of market access restrictions on leaders and followers when followers do not adopt and adopt forwards and makes a simulation analysis. The results show that: (i) When followers do not employ forward contracts, the less restrictive degree of market access increases the supply of leaders, and leaders' competition for product sales further leads to a decrease in the provision of followers. (ii) When followers use forwards, leaders' and followers' expected discounted profit rates decrease with the total supply of products in the market increases. (iii) If the degree of market access restrictions is low, the followers suffer an increased forward default risk, resulting in their rate of revenue decrease. The findings of this paper have some practical significance and policy implications for the regulator to adjust the degree of market access restriction in each restricted access area, to establish a reasonable and efficient competitive environment for product sales, as well as for firms to choose the optimal way of competing for product sales.

Comprehensive characterization of octahedral Co3O4 doped with Cu induces oxygen vacancies as a battery-type redox active electrode material for supercapacitors

The urgent need to combat global warming has spurred the exploration of renewable energy solutions, among which the supercapacitor has emerged as a promising contender for efficient energy storage in crucial applications. While battery-type electrode materials (BTMs), notably Co3O4, have shown impressive electrochemical performance in recent years, their inherent limitations, such as low conductivity, restricted surface area, and suboptimal electrochemical activity, pose challenges to their utility. Doping has emerged as a strategic solution to address these issues by modifying the crystal structure, surface morphology, specific surface area, electronic conductivity, and chemical stability of the host material, thereby enhancing its electrochemical performance. This study uses a combustion synthesis method to engineer octahedral Co3O4 with Cu-doping. We obtained three different samples of Co3O4: one undoped Co3O4, doped with 3 % Cu (3%Cu–Co3O4), and 6 % Cu (6%Cu–Co3O4). The addition of Cu not only changed the crystal structure and surface morphology but also impacted the surface area and defects (oxygen vacancies) in Co3O4, affecting its electrochemical performance. This doping method effectively controlled the oxygen vacancy defect content, as verified meticulously by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS). Particularly, the 6%Cu–Co3O4 configuration demonstrated significantly improved specific capacity (155.5 mA h g−1/559.8C g−1 at 1 A g−1) and rate performance (67 %), outperforming both 3%Cu–Co3O4 and undoped Co3O4. Additionally, it exhibited superior cycling stability with 91 % retention of the maximum specific capacity after 5000 cycles. Consequently, this study offers valuable insights into designing defect-engineered battery-type electrode materials for hybrid supercapacitors, which could significantly enrich their efficiency.

Human Detection and Counter

Implementing human detection and counter in Python offers several advantages in various applications. Firstly, it enhances security systems by providing the capability to identify and monitor human presence in restricted or sensitive areas. This is crucial for surveillance in places such as airports, banks, and government facilities, where unauthorized access must be prevented. Secondly, human detection and counting in Python can be applied in retail analytics to analyse customer behavior and improve store layouts. By tracking the number of people entering and exiting a store, businesses can optimize their operations, manage queues effectively, and make data-driven decisions to enhance the overall shopping experience. Moreover, in smart buildings and home automation, Python-based human detection enables the creation of intelligent systems that can adjust lighting, temperature, and other environmental factors based on the occupancy of a room. This not only contributes to energy efficiency but also enhances user comfort. Additionally, the implementation of human detection and counting in Python is valuable in the field of computer vision and robotics. It facilitates the development of applications such as social robots that can interact with humans, or autonomous vehicles that need to be aware of pedestrian presence for safe navigation. In summary, the advantages of human detection and counter in Python extend across security, retail, smart buildings, and robotics, contributing to enhanced safety, efficiency, and user experiences in diverse domains

Nuevos registros para Morelos y Puebla, con algunas anotaciones de la ranita costera Craugastor occidentalis (Taylor, 1941) endémica de México

The genus Craugastor, commonly called barking frogs, is very diverse. In Mexico it is usually distributed in restricted areas, climates and types of vegetation. On the contrary, Craugastor occidentalis has an extraordinarily wide distribution that covers various states of the country, extending over very different climates and vegetation types. We make an extensive review of the species, complementing and updating its distribution map, and we report new records of the coastal barking frog for Morelos and Puebla, extending its distribution to the easternmost part of the Mexican Republic.

Enhancing Security Within Restricted Hospital Zones by Integrating Finger Vein Authentication

The integration of finger vein authentication technology to enhance security measures within restricted zones in hospital environments, is the aim of this project. An advanced biometric technique called finger vein authentication uses each person's individual vein patterns to confirm their identification. It is especially desirable for applications where security is critical, such financial transactions, healthcare, and access control, because it provides a very safe and non-intrusive means of authentication. Although there has been considerable success with traditional finger vein authentication methods, deep learning techniques have completely changed this field. A branch of artificial intelligence called deep learning has shown impressive results in pattern recognition and picture analysis, which makes it a prime contender for improving the precision and dependability of finger vein authentication systems. Finger vein authentication utilizes biometric characteristics unique to everyone, providing a highly secure method of identity verification. By implementing this technology, hospitals can bolster access control, prevent unauthorized entry into sensitive areas, and safeguard patient information and critical resources. The project aims to implement finger vein authentication systems to regulate access to restricted areas such as operating rooms, medication storage areas, and patient information sections. Authorized personnel will undergo authentication via finger vein scans for entry, ensuring that only authorized individuals can access these zones.