Recovery Rate Of Resources Research Articles

Optimization Studies on Pillar Size of Fully Mechanized Caving Face

By theoretical calculations, numerical simulation and field monitoring methods to analyze the stress distribution and the extent of damage of coal pillar determine a reasonable size is about 10m, can improve the recovery rate of coal resources, and to ensure the roadway stability. 10m pillar coal resources compared with the previous 20m pillar recovery increased by about 5.5%, and created tremendous economic benefits of the mine.

Pre-configured polyhedron based protection against multi-link failures in optical mesh networks

This paper focuses on random multi-link failures protection in optical mesh networks, instead of single, the dual or sequential failures of previous studies. Spare resource efficiency and failure robustness are major concerns in link protection strategy designing and a k-regular and k-edge connected structure is proved to be one of the optimal solutions for link protection network. Based on this, a novel pre-configured polyhedron based protection structure is proposed, and it could provide protection for both simultaneous and sequential random link failures with improved spare resource efficiency. Its performance is evaluated in terms of spare resource consumption, recovery rate and average recovery path length, as well as compared with ring based and subgraph protection under probabilistic link failure scenarios. Results show the proposed novel link protection approach has better performance than previous works.

Present Situation of Coal Recovery Rate in our Country and Countermeasure Research

Based on the dominant position of coal in the energy structure in our country, the paper analyzes the present situation that the recovery rate of coal resources in our country. From two aspects of natural factors and human factors, it analyzes the causes of low recovery rate of coal resources, and points out that human factors are the main reasons for the low recovery rate of coal resources. Finally, suggestions for the improvement of recovery rate of coal resources are given.

Simulation Analysis of Surface Deformation by Strip Replacement Mining in the Short-Distance Thin Coal Seam

The strip replacement mining in short-distance thin coal seam is one of the effective methods controlling displacement deformation of overlying strata and surface subsidence in coal mining under buildings and railroads and water bodies. The method has a great theoretical significance and application value by increasing recovery rate of coal resources and cutting down the effect of coal mining on environment and surface of mining area. The numerical simulation method is adopted to study the surface deformation characteristics by the strip replacement mining in short-distance thin coal seam. Such conclusions are drawn as follows: the strip project of forty meters mining with forty meters reserving is quite suitably selected while half of mining rate; ten meters in replacement width of coal pillar is relatively optimum; the feasibility of the strip replacement mining technology is verified by the simulation. Therefore, the strip replacement mining technology has provided one kind of new thought to coal mining under buildings and railroads and water bodies.

Research on Mine Pressure Behave Law in Mining of Face under the Coal Pillar

When mining close-distance seams with downlink mining, in order to benefit roof maintenance and management, the decoration of lower seam roadways should try to avoid the area affected by pillar concentrated stress , using inside cross decorationg; In order to improve the recovery rate of resources, the size of protection pillar can’t be too big, when mining under pillar of upper layer and mining in pillar of upper layer with crossing. The whole lower face or some phase located under the influence of upper coal concentration stress, give roadways and working face roof maintenance a lot of difficulties. Then it appeared the conflict between security and economy, to solve this problem, we must return to the correct understanding of mine pressure behave law. In the paper, through the investigation of the typical dozen example in mining of face the coal pillar in China, to get its regular pattern of mine pressure behave, in similar conditions mining, there will be important reference and guidance.

The development and prospects of the end-of-life vehicle recycling system in Taiwan

Automobiles usually contain toxic substances, such as lubricants, acid solutions and coolants. Therefore, inappropriate handling of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) will result in environmental pollution. ELV parts, which include metallic and non-metallic substances, are increasingly gaining recycling value due to the recent global shortage of raw materials. Hence, the establishment of a proper recycling system for ELVs will not only reduce the impact on the environment during the recycling process, but it will also facilitate the effective reuse of recycled resources. Prior to 1994, the recycling of ELVs in Taiwan was performed by related operators in the industry. Since the publishing of the “End-of-life vehicle recycling guidelines” under the authority of the Waste Disposal Act by the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) in 1994, the recycling of ELVs in Taiwan has gradually become systematic. Subsequently, the Recycling Fund Management Board (RFMB) of the EPA was established in 1998 to collect a Collection–Disposal–Treatment Fee (recycling fee) from responsible enterprises for recycling and related tasks. Since then, the recycling channels, processing equipment, and techniques for ELVs in Taiwan have gradually become established. This paper reviews the establishment of the ELV recycling system, analyzes the current system and its performance, and provides some recommendations for future development. The reduction of auto shredder residue (ASR) is a key factor in maximizing the resource recovery rate and recycling efficiency. The RFMB needs to provide strong economic incentives to further increase the recycling rate and to encourage the automobile industry to design and market greener cars.

Application of open-pit and underground mining technology for residual coal of end slopes

Given the conditions of residual coal from the boundary of a flat dipping open-pit mine, which uses strip areas mining and inner dumping with slope-covering, we propose an open-pit and underground integrated mining technology for residual coal of end slopes. In the proposal a conveyance road and ventilation conveyance near the slope are built, corresponding to the pit mining area and the surface coal mine dump, as well as an interval haulage tunnel and air-inlet tunnel. The outcome shows that such mining method may reduce the effect to slope stability from underground mining, it does not affect the dumping advance and has a high recovery rate of residual coal resources. The working face is timbered by single hydraulic props, transported by a scraper conveyor and supported by coal walls. This method of mining is one of layered top coal caving, with high resource recovery, low production cost where positive economic benefit can be realized.

Methods for assessing movement path recursion with application to African buffalo in South Africa.

Recent developments of automated methods for monitoring animal movement, e.g., global positioning systems (GPS) technology, yield high-resolution spatiotemporal data. To gain insights into the processes creating movement patterns, we present two new techniques for extracting information from these data on repeated visits to a particular site or patch ("recursions"). Identification of such patches and quantification of recursion pathways, when combined with patch-related ecological data, should contribute to our understanding of the habitat requirements of large herbivores, of factors governing their space-use patterns, and their interactions with the ecosystem. We begin by presenting output from a simple spatial model that simulates movements of large-herbivore groups based on minimal parameters: resource availability and rates of resource recovery after a local depletion. We then present the details of our new techniques of analyses (recursion analysis and circle analysis) and apply them to data generated by our model, as well as two sets of empirical data on movements of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer): the first collected in Klaserie Private Nature Reserve and the second in Kruger National Park, South Africa. Our recursion analyses of model outputs provide us with a basis for inferring aspects of the processes governing the production of buffalo recursion patterns, particularly the potential influence of resource recovery rate. Although the focus of our simulations was a comparison of movement patterns produced by different resource recovery rates, we conclude our paper with a comprehensive discussion of how recursion analyses can be used when appropriate ecological data are available to elucidate various factors influencing movement. Inter alia, these include the various limiting and preferred resources, parasites, and topographical and landscape factors.

BASIC STUDY ON THE COLLECTION SYSTEM FOR REFUSE RECYCLING

In this paper, we studied the present situation of refuse recycling in Ube City and analyze the collection cost by scenario-analyses. Resource recovery has been done mainly by the volunteer works of children circles and so forth. However, the activity has been suppressed by the low price of resources nowadays. Almost 1/3 of community circles has not been involved in the volunteer works for refuse recycling. In new residential areas with many children, the frequency of the volunteer works and the recovery rate of resources tend to be high. As the result of scenario-analyses, the collection cost of refuse recycling by the municipality amounts to be 4 times of the cost for recycling by volunteer works. In case of newspaper refuse, the collection by municipality was estimated to be feasible only if the recovery rate was higher than 70%, otherwise it is more advantageous for the municipality to collect and incinerate the newspaper refuse together with garbage.

廃棄物の総合的処理ならびに再資源化システムに関する研究 ＩＩ 再資源化問題の取り扱い方法について

The category on“reprocessed materials”is first clarified as opposed to“new materials”for discussing its route in resource recovery system.To analyse the level of recovering of resources, an equation was derived to relate the quanties of discharged waste, reprocessed material and the net amount of treated waste. The resource recovery trends can be characterized by six regions in the plane of x (the amount of discharged waste) and y (the resource recovery rate ) .As a practical example, waste paper recovery is examined, and the trends are noted. For this, the data of the 22 years span 1955 to 1976 have been used.