Company Resources Research Articles

ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN UNTUK MENILAI KINERJA PT. INDOFOOD SUKSES MAKMUR TBK.

Financial reports report the activities carried out by the Company in an accounting period. The activities carried out are expressed in the form of numbers. The numbers in the financial statements become less meaningful if seen only from one side, the numbers in the financial reports can be more meaningful in assessing the performance of a company if they can be compared between one accounting post and another accounting post in the financial report which is called financial ratios. The purpose of this research is to find out how the financial performance of PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk. based on financial ratio analysis consisting of liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios. The data analysis method used is a quantitative descriptive method using measurements of liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios. Based on the overall liquidity ratio, the company is in good condition and tends not to be able to maximize its working capital, which is indicated by the high liquidity ratio in 2022. Based on the profitability ratio, it is known that the company's funding structure tends to be balanced between funding sources from third parties and the company owner. The higher the solvency ratio, the higher the company's risk of default. In 2022, the company seeks to reduce its solvency ratio which is already quite high. Based on the profitability ratio, the company's performance can be said to be fluctuating, especially in 2022, there will be a decline in the company's profitability. This can be caused by the lack of optimal use of the company's resources to achieve profits.

Strategi Integrasi Maqashid Syariah Dalam Kebijakan Good Corporate Governance Di Perbankan Syariah

Maqashid sharia is the goal and secret that has been established by Allah SWT as the creator of legal rules that humans must obey as creatures who have been created with the aim of being caliphs on this earth. Good Corporate Governance is a system of good corporate governance in managing the company's resources efficiently, effectively, economically and productively using the principles of openness, accountability, responsibility, independence and fairness in an effort to achieve the goals of establishing the company. The aim of this research is to determine the integration strategy for maqashid sharia in good corporate governance policies in maintaining sharia banking operations. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a literature study type of research. The results of the research are the application of maqashid sharia values ​​in products and operational activities in sharia banking, namely protecting religion, protecting the soul, protecting the mind of both the customer and the bank, protecting property and protecting offspring. In order to increase sharia maqashid values ​​in accordance with the principles that must be implemented by sharia banking, good corporate governance policies must carry out two stages, namely: The need to make the rules and recognition mechanism (endorsement) from the fatwa authority more effective and the supervisory system that supervises it more effective. Bank financial transactions are in accordance with the fatwa issued by the banking fatwa authority.

The Past, Present and Future of Enterprise Resource Planning

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a software system designed to facilitate the automation and management of essential business operations inside businesses, with the aim of achieving optimum performance. ERP software facilitates the integration and synchronization of data across various business processes inside an organization. This results in the establishment of a unified and reliable source of information, which in turn optimizes the efficiency and effectiveness of operations throughout the whole firm. The platform has the capability to integrate a company's human resource functions, financials, manufacturing, supply chain, operations, reporting and commerce into a unified system. The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive examination of the historical progression and evolution of ERP systems, while also highlighting contemporary advancements facilitated by digital breakthroughs such as cloud computing. The research methodology used in this work included doing a comprehensive evaluation of scholarly literature sourced from academic publications as well as industry sources. The study revealed that ERP systems have undergone significant transformations compared to their predecessors, like MRP (material resource mapping) systems and IC (integrated control) packages. The ongoing transformations are seen in conjunction with the emergence of cloud computing and advancements in modern technologies such as artificial intelligence. Numerous scholarly publications have already examined the progression of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERPs). However, the distinctive value of this particular article lies in its comprehensive coverage of the latest advancements in the field, including debates on cloud-based ERPs and postmodern ERPs.

ПРИНЦИПИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СИСТЕМ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ РОЗВИТКУ ІТ-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

In the context of rapid IT development, the identification and adherence to principles of enterprise management system transformation becomes extremely important. The primary goal of such transformation lies in adapting enterprises to changes in the technological environment, which is constantly evolving. This adaptation enables enterprises to effectively integrate cutting-edge tools, platforms, and services, thereby ensuring their competitiveness and facilitating the strategic utilization of resources. In the analysis of enterprise management system transformation with a focus on IT development, it has been substantiated that adaptation to changing technological conditions is critical for ensuring the stability and competitiveness of modern enterprises. It has been argued that digital integration, which provides automation and optimization of business processes, plays a key role in ensuring the efficiency and adaptability of organizations to rapidly changing market conditions. The agility in decision-making, allowing enterprises to react quickly to changes, is considered an integral part of modern management. Furthermore, the importance of customer orientation has been emphasized, as it contributes to the development of products and services that meet consumer expectations and ensure higher levels of customer satisfaction. It has been confirmed that the use of data as a strategic asset stimulates better-informed decision-making and provides greater value from company resources. Transparency and accountability have been identified as the foundation for building trust and reliability in business, particularly in the context of increasing importance of cybersecurity. The importance of resilience to disruptions has been highlighted as necessary for ensuring the continuity of business processes and protection against potential technological and natural threats. The significance of innovation and continuous learning and development has been discussed as critical factors for the adaptation and prosperity of enterprises in a dynamic technological landscape. Finally, the role of collaboration and teamwork has been underscored in the successful implementation of innovative solutions and work methods in the digital era. Thus, the systemic integration of cutting-edge IT technologies and the adaptation of principles of modern management are key to ensuring the long-term competitiveness and success of enterprises.

INNOVATION APPROACH IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES IN RESPONDING TO VOLATILITY-LITERATURE REVIEW STUDY

Innovation is one of the keys to the success of an organization. This literature review study aims to explore the supporting components of innovation and how the innovation approach is applied in various countries in the world. This study uses a literature review as a literature search material that has a large repository for academic studies, particularly in Elsevier (Scopus). The search for references was carried out by applying the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria methods. Main search terms via search engines: (Innovative Work Behavior) and (Countries) and (Companies) and (Support) or (Impede), with searches from 2018 to 2020. This study uses a literary approach, with final results 12 The literature shows that there are at least 12 important components in an organization both internally and externally that are discussed in this research literature, including: management control systems, technology licenses, R&D, company size, sectoral characteristics and access to finance, company resources and dynamic external environmental capabilities, number of executives with financial background, company age, company size, forward-looking search, service ecosystem. Through this literature study, business agencies should pay attention to these variables in developing innovations that are an important part of organizational survival. Future studies need to add a longer time span with a wider database.

Evaluasi Strategi Bisnis Perusahaan Start Up Menggunakan Bisnis Model Kanvas Pada PT XYZ

With the development of technology, many start-up companies have been established. In November 2022 there were 2,400 startups in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the business strategy of start-up companies with the research object PT XYZ. PT XYZ engaged in the healthy food industry. This research is case study research with descriptive qualitative research methods. This research utilized Business Model Canvas as a basic theory and tool to evaluate business strategy. The results showed that PT XYZ implemented a broad differentiation strategy. The current focus of the company's strategy is to promote and introduce products to the public. The promotional strategy succeeded in increasing sales, but was unable to generate profits due to the large cost of promotion. There are several weaknesses in PT XYZ business model that can be improved to be able to generate profits. Adding customer segments in the form of B2B can potentially provide new revenues and bring benefit in promotions using other company resources. Additionally, the application of lean accounting that focused on cost reduction must be carried out for cost efficiency.

ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ СТРАХОВИХ КОМПАНІЙ НА РИНКУ СТРАХОВИХ ПОСЛУГ УКРАЇНИ: ОЦІНКА ТА НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

The article considers the formation and investment of financial resources of insurance companies in Ukraine in the current conditions and outlines the main directions of increasing the investment potential of insurance companies. The dynamics of growth of insurance premiums, reserves, assets and equity of insurance companies as important indicators of market development in general and investment income of insurance companies are studied. The small share of insurance premiums and assets in GDP indicates that the development of the insurance market has little impact on the country's economy. There is a gradual growth of the market in 2023 by key indicators. Insufficient capitalization of the domestic insurance market, a large share of compulsory insurance in insurers' portfolios, low level of life insurance development, and economic crisis are currently having a negative impact on the development of insurance companies' investment activities. The author outlines the main areas of investment activity for the near future, which are to activate the financial market in order to use a wide range of investment instruments, improve the quality of the investment portfolio and optimize its management by transferring part of the insurance reserves to trust management, and encourage insurance companies to invest in the real sector of the economy. It is important to strictly adhere to the principles of building an investment management system based on high investment liquidity, return on investment, strict liquidity restrictions, and sensitivity to changes in interest rates and profitability. All of this will help strengthen the investment potential of the insurance market, turn it into an important investor in the national economy, and increase the profitability of insurance companies' investments, in particular. In addition, the development of voluntary insurance, including long-term life insurance, the development of new competitive insurance products, the search for new and improvement of existing sales methods, the expansion of the regional network, and the widespread use of digital technologies are considered promising.

Savremeni izazovi upravljanja ljudskim resursima u zdravstvenom osiguranju sa osvrtom na neke pravne aspekte

Human resource management plays a significant role in the survival and development of health insurance companies. As health services develop, the function of human resources management should largely solve various contemporary challenges that, as a rule, require innovative strategies and adequate legal support. This article examines some important challenges in the management of human resources in health insurance companies, focusing on certain current issues, such as increasing the capacity of employees, preventing the departure of the workforce, technological integration, compliance with regulations, while looking at certain legislative issues. By adequately overcoming these challenges, health insurance companies can improve their human resource management practices and motivate employees.

Introduction of ESG Principles in the Insurance Market of Uzbekistan

The article discusses the implementation of ESG principles in the insurance market of Uzbekistan, which is an important step towards the sustainable development of the country’s economy. In the context of global changes, the insurance sector of Uzbekistan is faced with the need to adapt to international standards of sustainable development, which include environmental, social and governance (ESG) aspects. The authors analyze the current state of the insurance market in Uzbekistan, emphasizing its positive dynamics in recent years, but note that the implementation of ESG principles is at an early stage. Key barriers include a lack of experience and knowledge in the ESG field, limited financial resources of insurance companies and lack of regulatory support. The article proposes strategic steps to deepen the integration of ESG principles into insurance practice, including the development of environmental insurance, increasing the financial literacy of the population and improving management transparency in insurance companies. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the introduction of ESG principles can significantly increase the competitiveness of insurance companies, strengthen their market positions and attract new partners, as well as contribute to the implementation of the national strategy for the transition to a green economy.

Peranan Audit Manajemen Untuk Menilai Efektivitas, Efisiensi Dan Kinerja Karyawan Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap PT. Sarana Mentari Cemerlang Surabaya

This study focuses on audit management of human resources at PT. Sarana Mentari Cemerlang Surabaya, with an emphasis on employee productivity, efficiency, and work quality. The method of data collection that is used is deskriptif, which involves gathering data through observations and wawancara. The subject of analysis is the employee of the company. The type of data that is used is qualitative, with initial data from employees and human resource management. The study's findings indicate that while the company's human resource management program has good potential, its implementation is still subpar. Programs for hiring, selection, training, and employee development turned out to be very effective, even though there is still room for improvement. Penilaian kinerja karyawan dianggap baik, notwithstanding the possibility of bias arising from a closed session. The compensation program and the JASA balas seem to be working well, but improvements are needed to raise the level of transparency and keadilan. Programs for health and safety at work are doing well, but home improvement needs to be improved. Although the work-related stress reduction program appears to be effective, it is recommended to increase employee turnover in PHK.

ТИПОЛОГІЯ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ УПРАВЛІННЯ КАДРОВИМ ПОТЕНЦІАЛОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The success and stability of an enterprise in a dynamic market environment are largely determined by its human resources potential. This potential determines the organisation's path to development, efficiency and competitiveness. Motivated and skilled employees become a crucial resource that helps an enterprise to stand out in the market, provide high-quality customer service, and develop innovative products and services. Businesses with high human resources potential create a favourable environment for generating and implementing new ideas. Developing this potential contributes to employees' professional growth, increasing their productivity and teamwork satisfaction. It is also important to remember that an effective human resource potential allows a company to position itself as an attractive employer. In this context, we must use practical tools to manage the company's human resources. To achieve this, we must understand the set of these tools, i.e., study the issues of their classification and develop it. In the article, using the methods of scientific abstraction, deduction, systematisation and generalisation, the author has developed a typology of tools for managing the enterprise's human resources potential according to some existing and new features. Among the set of existing features, we have identified the classification features of the object of influence, the nature of the goals, the target audience, the source of origin, and the nature and scope of the application. In turn, we have proposed new classification features, namely, the level of individualisation, the level of novelty, the level of formalisation and the source of the need for use. The presented and developed typology of tools for managing the enterprise's human resource potential allows us to understand their wide range and diversity. Also, it provides us with the opportunity to make a reasonable choice in each specific situation. In addition, in the prospect of further research, we have created conditions for further in-depth study of these tools regarding their features, characteristics and application possibilities.

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article updates the problem of intellectual potential formation, emphasizes its role in creating competitive advantages and achieving market leadership. But human resources are recognized as its basis. The purpose of the article is to review the processes and develop methodological recommendations regarding the organizational aspects of human resources management in the context of the formation of intellectual potential in order to increase competitiveness and bring the enterprise to leading market positions. In the framework of the article, we used general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis for the theoretical generalization of the studied materials. This made it possible to formulate the author's approach to the specified problem. As a result of the research, the authors developed and schematically presented the process of intellectual potential formation, where the impact on the development of human resources at the internal and external levels is considered. When supplementing the conceptual apparatus, the authors singled out the concept of "intellectual reaction" as the speed of application of management measures aimed at developing the intellectual capabilities of the company's human resources. For the same purpose, in terms of capital-forming and resource components, it is proposed to review the structure of the system of intellectual potential. The resource component involves the combining of intellectual and innovative activities. The capital-generating component combines human resources and intangible assets. Considering the fact that human resources provide an enterprise from 40% to 80% of economic growth, the authors concluded that they are the most significant component of both intellectual and innovative potential. So, the primary task of management should be the development of measures aimed at the formation of quality personnel characteristics enterprises. In this context, the expediency of continuous education, the concentration of necessary resources on qualification improvement, professional retraining, participation in professional and career trainings, measures to exchange experience are essential. But they do not underestimate the importance of the social component. On the basis of research, it is possible to form a practical human resource management apparatus at a defined enterprise, creating favorable conditions for increasing the intellectualization of the enterprise.

Integrative model for integrating green initiatives in Industry 4.0 enterprises

The convergence of green initiatives and Industry 4.0 presents both opportunities and challenges for modern enterprises. The aim of this study is to propose a model that offers a structured approach for companies and entrepreneurs to embed green initiatives into their operations, capitalizing on the technological advancements and operational efficiencies of Industry 4.0. By drawing parallels to Intel's Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) framework, this model is designed to be comprehensive, addressing critical aspects such as resource efficiency, supply chain sustainability, and technology-driven innovation. The proposed Integrative Model provides a strategic roadmap for achieving sustainability goals while leveraging the technological advancements of Industry 4.0. By incorporating cutting-edge technologies such as IoT, big data analytics, and advanced manufacturing, the model not only enhances operational efficiency but also promotes sustainable practices across the value chain. The study underscores the necessity of a phased approach for implementation, involving assessment, strategic planning, and continuous improvement. This model complements existing frameworks like Intel's ESG by providing specific tools and strategies tailored to the unique demands of Industry 4.0 enterprises. Ultimately, it serves as a critical resource for companies aiming to achieve a competitive advantage through sustainable, technology-driven practices.

Diversity and Inclusion Management in Human Resource Management - Based on Marginal Utility Perspective

Abstract This paper optimizes human resource management from the perspective of marginal utility. The utility function proposes the subtraction function of consumption, which represents the law of diminishing marginal utility. The Lagrange multiplier method solves the maximum utility problem. In human resource management, utility and marginal utility are redefined, and the probability density function and distribution function of exponential distribution are used as the index’s marginal utility and utility functions, respectively. Human resource management optimization models I and II were constructed based on the marginal utility, and the models and model parameters were solved. This paper applies the human resource management model to Company R as an example. The calculation shows that the total investment of the current index resources of Company R is 2.55 million yuan, and the total utility calculation is 0.8306. Under the optimization of human resource management based on Model I, the expected value of company R reached 0.8631 while maintaining the unchanged index resource input, an increase of 3.91%. The optimization based on Model II resulted in the index resource input being 2.3285 million yuan, with an unchanged total utility that was reduced by 8.69%.

Human-Data Interaction Syllabus for Undergraduate and Graduate Courses

The phenomenon of the data deluge is a reality and the volume of data produced by people and companies is much greater than what can be handled and analyzed. Data play a crucial role in guiding the efficient utilization of technological resources for companies, aiding them in product and service management. Moreover, individuals who have become adept data producers and consumers are increasingly orienting their lives toward data. To address this evolving trend, there is a growing imperative to educate Computing professionals. These professionals are required to design technology solutions that facilitate the synergy between individuals and data, a phenomenon known as Human-Data Interaction (HDI). This paper introduces a suggested minimum syllabus for HDI courses, with the aim of addressing the key themes associated with the interaction between individuals and data. The complexity and depth of HDI topics justify a dedicated course, preventing the risk of essential content being fragmented or inadequately covered if dispersed across different courses.

ДИВЕРСИФИКАЦИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ РИСКОВ ПРИ УПРАВЛЕНИИ АКТИВАМИ НА ФОНДОВОМ РЫНКЕ

This article deals with an important problem for any entrepreneur-investor - identification of the main methods to combat investment risks. In order to fulfill the task we have considered the theoretical basis of risks in the sphere of investment, and also we have carried out works on making a classification of risks by main types. Undoubtedly, the chosen topic of research is very relevant and to date, because almost every businessman in the course of business activities almost every day faces many varieties of risks. Confirmation of this thought is the fact that any entrepreneurial activity, as a rule, goes along with various risks. And the main goal of any entrepreneur is to maximize profits with minimal costs. But to fulfill this goal requires special knowledge and skills that will help the investor to choose and apply the best methods to maximize the effective use of company resources.

SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES FIRMS IN NIGERIA

This study examines how sustainability reporting affects the financial performance of Nigerianlisted agriculture and natural resource companies. Using return on assets (ROA) as a proxy for corporate financial performance, the study's particular goals were to ascertain if reporting on economic and social sustainability had an effect on the financial performance of the sampled industries. The annual reports of nine (9) chosen firms were the source of the data from 2014 to 2023. Using the E-Views statistical program, the panel least squares regression approach was used to assess the data. The study found that the financial performance of the examined firms is negatively and insignificantly impacted by reporting on economic and social sustainability. The study concluded that sustainability reporting had no significant effect on the performance of Nigerian listed agriculture and natural resources firms. The research recommends that managers focus on measures that foster a rise in the attributes of economic and social sustainability.

SEM-PLS Model of Resource Based ISO 56002:2019 Integrated Lean Six Sigma for Cultivating Culture of Innovation (Cased in Precast Concrete Company in Indonesia)

This study explores the integration of ISO 56002:2019 - based on Innovation Management Systems and Lean Six Sigma in the resource context of the precast concrete industry. Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and Innovation are powerful methodologies that exhibit several differences, there are numerous areas where LSS and Innovation share compatible foundations and common goals in the pursuit of improving implementation of Innovation Management System on these companies. In this study, the researchers conducted a literature review to identify the research variables, which were then validated by 5 experts. The researchers collected data through questionnaires from 54 respondents who work in a precast concrete company in Indonesia. SEM-PLS methods were used for analysis. Results indicate Lean Six Sigma’s substantial positive influence on resource of precast concrete company in the Innovation Management System, offering valuable insights for Indonesia’s precast concrete industry. This study contributes to continuous improvement in innovation culture, fostering competitiveness in the global market.

THE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES IN A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY

Purpose- The aim of the study was to show the issue of the competitiveness of enterprises in mod-ern economic conditions, where knowledge becomes particularly important - its place in the com-pany's resources, the extent to which it is used, the way in which it is collected or treated as an indispensable factor in the creation of competitive strategies. Design/methodology/approach- In this study, various research methods have been used, including: descriptive and comparative methods and induction. The choice of methods has been determined by the available research materials relating to business competitiveness and knowledge. The descripti-ve method is used to present key issues of this paper, in particular for historical considerations of competitiveness. The comparative method has been used wherever different positions have been presented and described or the selected research area has been discussed. In addition, the article uses a literature review, carried out using both Polish and foreign language positions. Findings- The results of this study show that the competitiveness of businesses is a very complex issue. The competitiveness of Polish small and medium-sized enterprises, which were the subject of the study, is unsatisfactory. This is probably due to internal and external factors. Among the exter-nal factors, it is worth mentioning, for example, the lack of systemic solutions related to cooperation in the triad science-business-administration, the lack of coherent solutions concerning the commer-cialisation of knowledge, which may result from the lack of tradition of such forms of cooperation in Poland. Moreover, Polish entrepreneurs operate within the framework of a free market economy for a relatively short period of time (conventionally, 1989 is assumed to be the beginning of social and economic transformations in Poland), which means that they often face problems that already exist in highly developed countries only in the past or do not exist in such intensity (finance, access to technology).Limitations/applications of testing- It should be stressed that the study was restricted to Polish small and medium-sized industrial enterprises. When analysing the results of the study, it should be borne in mind that the operating conditions of all entities change over time.Practical effects- The results of these studies have both theoretical and practical implications. In theoretical terms, they can contribute to further research into the issue of competitiveness, and can give rise to a broad academic discussion, especially in those areas that are not presented here but are important from the point of view of competitiveness. In practical terms, the results of research can inspire entrepreneurs to revise or strengthen their pro-innovative and pro-competitive activities. Orginality- This article makes a real contribution to the development of research relating to the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises operating in a knowledge-based economy. The results of the research will provide an opportunity to broaden the research areas in the future and for managers and other entities they can provide a base of knowledge about competitiveness

The operational process efficiency and profitability on food and beverage companies in Indonesia

High profitability can create attractiveness for investors, and also provide opportunities for company growth. Improving profitability can be achieved through efforts to enhance operational efficiency and optimize the allocation of company resources. This research aims to investigate the impact of Receivable Turnover (RTO) and Inventory Turnover (ITR) on Profitability (ROA) in the food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2018-2022. Data collection methods involve documentation, utilizing financial reports from six companies with the highest sales turnover. Using multiple linear regression analysis, the research findings reveal that Receivable Turnover (RTO) significantly influences Profitability (ROA) positively. This indicates that increased efficiency in receivables management can contribute positively to a company's profitability. Meanwhile, Inventory Turnover (ITR) does not have a significant impact on ROA. This finding suggests that efficiency in inventory management does not directly affect the level of profitability. The implications of this research underscore the importance for management to maintain efficiency in receivables management and continually improve operational efficiency in inventory management. Thus, companies can more quickly convert inventory into sales, avoid excess idle inventory, and overall improve profitability performance.