Resolution Of Issues Research Articles

Photography as an object of copyright

Copyright, the norms of which regulate relations that arise in connection with the creation and use of works of science and art. Copyright is an important component of the universal system of human rights, copyright is one of the essential guarantors of intellectual creativity, self-affirmation and dignity of every person. From whatever side copyright is analyzed, its purpose is to protect the interests of the creator of works and the interests of society. A photo can be created not only by a professional photographer, but also by any other individual. This is where the opportunity enshrined in the law to realize their creative abilities of each member of society is manifested.This article deals with issues related to a special object of copyright - photography. With the adoption of the new Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights», the approach to understanding photography has changed. This is connected with the legal definition of the concept of a work and its features. Signs of originality and objective form are highlighted. Moreover, the legislator clearly defines which photographs should be attributed to objects of copyright, and which photographs are not subject to legal protection. This approach will greatly facilitate the resolution of issues related to the establishment of which photographs are subject to copyright. The Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights» clearly states that photographic works are subject to legal protection. Based on the legislative definition of a work as an object of copyright, we can conclude that only original photographs are subject to legal protection. Moreover, paragraph 8 of Art. 8 of the Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights» clearly defines that photographs that do not have a sign of originality are not photographic works. An analysis of some foreign judgments regarding the legal nature of photography makes it possible to conclude that a photograph is considered as an object of copyright if there are signs inherent in the work. he study conducted in this article confirms the correctness of the legislative understanding of photography as an object of copyright.

DESIGN E A SOCIEDADE: relações colaborativas

In recent years, a topic much discussed in the academic community, about Design and its ability to pro-mote social improvement, a society aware of the understanding of Design objects in society. Where there is not only the desire to contribute to the resolution of social issues and the establishment of a more eco-nomically and socially sustainable society, but also the idea that the Design strategy starts from creative, participatory and collaborative experiences. The article aims to raise questions and discussions about the responsibility of areas such as: Design and Society, with the scientific method based on theoretical analysis, so, therefore, it is about Design with Society and not Design for Society. The discussion found space in Clive Dilnot’s analyses/research, which deals with “Design as a socially significant activity: An introduction”.

The status of a family member and its impact on participation in civil legal relations

The article examines the issue of participation of family members in civil legal relations. Cases are considered when the status of a family member is the basis for the emergence, change and termination of certain rights and obligations. The status of a family member gives such a person rights and establishes duties; provides for prohibitions and restrictions; benefits, etc. The problem of determining the status of a family member is also analyzed as a solution to legal relations in connection with the presence of such phenomena as family interest, which is a manifestation of the peculiarity. Due to the fact that in this case there is a clash of civil law and family law mechanisms for the exercise of rights, when the provision that citizens (individuals) acquire and perceive situations with their civil rights of their will and in the interests (paragraph 2 of Art. 1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation) adoption of the provisions of family law on the resolution of intra-family issues by mutual agreement. It is concluded that the purpose of legislative changes should be to maintain a balance between the rights and interests of an individual and the rights and interests of the family and family member as a subject of rights

Comparative aspect in the formation of the vocabulary of the terminology of the sublanguage of pediatrics

In recent decades, the study of term formation processes has become more and more relevant both in Ukrainian and foreign linguistics. The study of lexical-semantic and structural-morphological features of terms makes it possible to assess the level of development of the corresponding terminological system and determine the priority directions of its normalization. Replenishment of the terminology of specialized languages takes place on the basis of general principles of word formation, characteristic of the language as a whole. The purpose of the article is to identify the trends of internationalization and autochthony in the process of naming diseases in the modern terminology of pediatrics. Understanding the main models of term formation provides an opportunity to master a professional language when exchanging and integrating data, which will contribute to the timely resolution of urgent medical issues. The object of the study is the terms used to designate children's diseases. Research methods. An etymological and comparative analysis of Latin, German and English terms was carried out in order to establish ways of transforming the names of children's diseases. Scientific novelty. German and English medical terminology was formed over the centuries under the influence of various factors that caused its heterogeneity. As for internal factors, at the turn of the century, a dynamic development of languages is observed, which leads to an increase in the number of borrowings and the restoration and improvement of their national language resources. Terms of ancient Greek and Latin origin deserve special attention. Over the centuries, the classical languages of antiquity played a unique role in the formation of medical terminology, which includes the nomenclature of pediatrics, where Greek-Latin morphemes today occupy leading positions from the point of view of term formation for the designation of its nominative classes. In our study, they function as Greek-Latin terms adapted to the phonetic and morphological features of the recipient language, for example, Latin. hepatitis > German die Hepatitis > Eng. hepatitis or lat. cherubismus > German der Cherubismus > Eng. cherubism. With the development of national terminology, terms of autochthonous origin appear, such as: lat. tussis convulsia > German der Keuchhusten > Eng. whooping cough or lat. metatarsus varus > German der Klumpfuß > Eng. clubfoot. In the era of globalization of society, English gradually became the language of international communication, as a result of which in German we have such terms as der Flap-Op (cleft palate in children undergoing surgery) or die Check-up-Untersuchung (screening examination) . Conclusions. A comparative lexical-etymological analysis of the terms of the specialized language of pediatrics made it possible to establish a certain specificity of the origin of the terms, where the etymological basis of the terminology consists of international and autochthonous elements that are fully or partially borrowed and have national counterparts in the specialized language.

Exploring Effective Approaches To Minimize Downtime In Final Assembly Line Of Braking Systems

The global automotive manufacturing industry's growth in downtime reductio is substantial, valued at $3272.6 billion USD with a 3.01% growth rate.This growth in downtime reduction underscores the industry's commitment to enhancing efficiency, quality, and overall productivity across its diverse range of operations. Downtime in the braking system assembly line can lead to utilization loss or technical availability loss. In this context, many proactive maintenance strategies are explored but there's limited focus on addressing error-prone machines and utilizing Machine Learning for predicting downtime. The objective is to prioritize downtime reduction through error analysis, critical machine identification, and implementing ML-based solutions.
 This comprehensive research delved into the significance of minimizing downtime in the braking system final assembly line through meticulous data analysis, visualization techniquesand targeted interventions and then identified key issues and achieved tangible improvements in operational efficiency. The analysis revealed significant findings and then employed the Pareto Principle to identify top downtime machines, illustrating their distribution through a Pareto chart of machine defects. Furthermore, Exceptions and Problem Areas were identified utilizing statistical process controls, offering insights into critical error contributors. Notably, a comprehensive exploration of the most prominent downtime machine was undertaken, evidenced by LCL and UCL charts and a Fishbone Diagram detailing causal relationships. The research leverages real-world data involving dates, machine names, and downtime durations to develop a predictive model that aids in proactively managing production disruptions.
 The application of RPN calculations before and after error correction demonstrated a substantial reduction from of 432 to 75, validating the efficacy of the corrective actions. The real-time data was used to build a model that can predict when production machines downtime might happen. This helps us be prepared and manage any possible disruptions in production.The outcome of the project highlights the intrinsic link between downtime reduction and assembly line efficiency, emphasizing the importance of data-driven interventions. This culminated in the resolution of key issues, illustrated by the mitigation of the PCBA Pressin machine and LVDT sensor errors, yielding tangible reductions in downtime and notable productivity improvements. In this direction, exploring AI-driven predictive maintenance holds immense potential for advancing downtime reduction strategies. Leveraging AI algorithms to analyse live data streams from machinery and sensors can enable the detection of patterns indicating imminent failures and can pre-emptively prevent downtime.

UNIVERSITY IN THE CITY’S CULTURAL HERITAGE BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER THE WAR

The article is devoted to defining the multifaceted activities of the university as a cultural hub at the city level in various situations, including crisis (war). The author outlines the main problems of the university's participation in urban culture in its study, preservation, and use. Based on the comparative method's application, the university's role in the development and preservation of cultural heritage during three periods - before, during the war, and after the war (prediction)- is revealed. The following criteria were used to compare these periods: the purpose of participation, methods, development, and implementation of cultural policy; development and implementation of public-private and public-public partnership in the field of culture, areas of work on preservation of cultural heritage; cultural activity in the communicative space; degree of use of communication platforms; the degree of participation in the development and preservation of cultural heritage, including city; degree of international cultural activity. In the conditions of globalization and postmodern social transformations, the self-governance and originality of the urban cultural space need to be more realized. In addition, the Russian-Ukrainian war led to profound transformations of both world and national cultural spaces. Therefore, the issue of cultural heritage protection in Ukraine is actively supported by the international community in terms of resources, legislation, and organization. And the university contributes to this in every possible way with its educational activities. A conclusion was made about the continuity of the university's goals, activities, and directions for studying, preserving, and using the city's cultural heritage at different stages. Therefore, it is expedient to consider the university's cultural activities in three periods - before, during the war, and after the war. Established social development has a cultural component and is possible in conditions of peace, resolution of humanitarian issues, and countering hybrid aggression as part of information warfare.

Incremental population density improvement via missing middle housing under density-based and form-based zoning ordinances

Purpose The purpose of the study is to observe the feasibility of missing middle housing’s (MMH) realization under density-based zoning, form-based zoning and a combination of both while simultaneously providing affordable housing, improving quality of life and making efficient use of land. Design/methodology/approach This study takes a theorist approach and designs three hypothetical cottage court projects that comply with all relevant official local zoning ordinances to showcase design feasibility, followed by an analytical component in the form of a financial model constructed using official local economic and demographic conditions. Findings MMH, and in particular cottage clusters, can be implemented under rigorous density-based, form-based and hybrid (density-based + form-based) zoning ordinances and provide affordable housing (Atlanta, GA), improve quality of life (Blackpool, UK) and make efficient use of land (Jinan, China). All hypothetical projects are financially feasible under reasonable conditions. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first in the body of knowledge to discuss how the MMH can be integrated into urban density-based zoning rather than converting density-based zoning into form-based so that the MMH can fit. The paper also takes a cross-national perspective and discusses the feasibility of MMH in the resolution of housing issues in the USA, China and the UK. The study also concludes that the issue of housing unaffordability in the UK was caused by high construction cost relative to median income.

It’s “not black and white”: Students’ perceptions of “altruism” content in preclinical medical education

Objective This study investigated how students as stakeholders viewed behavioral and social science (BSS) content in a preclinical longitudinal course entitled “Medicine, Body, and Society” (MBS) at UT Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine (LSOM). We present students’ perceptions of successes and challenges tied to “altruism” and other non-biomedical objectives outlined by this institution. Methods We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of MBS course evaluation data. Two researchers independently performed initial coding followed by interrater reliability checks to revise codes and a final MAXQDA lexical search to refine three themes. Results Three major themes emerged: (1) Students shared pedagogical preferences strongly favoring stories. (2) Students detected deficits in the module content tied to identities. (3) Students labelled BSS content as “soft,” “subjective,” and “siloed” which confounded its role in the course. Conclusions Advancing altruism aligned with BSS content in preclinical medical education remains a challenge. A closer review of student evaluations framed as learner-centeredness is key to a greater understanding and resolution of competency issues in preclinical curriculum and its impact on mastery in subsequent clinical education and practice.

Animal Vocal Recognition-Based Breeding Tracking and Disease Warning

<p>In this study, we investigate the application of a deep learning framework for the recognition of pig vocalizations. This innovative approach aims to actively monitor and evaluate the diverse states of pigs, with an overarching objective to improve the efficiency of pig farming through prompt identification and resolution of issues. In our comprehensive data collection effort, we carefully gathered a vast assortment of vocal samples from 50 pigs, representative of four distinct states: normal, frightened, coughing, and sneezing. We then meticulously analyzed this vocal data using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). For accurate recognition of pig vocalizations, we devised a fusion model that combines the strengths of Residual Networks (ResNet) and Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM). This model was subsequently tailored, trained, and optimized to meet our specific requirements. Upon rigorous evaluation, we found our model to exhibit exceptional performance in pig vocal recognition tasks, thereby reinforcing the potential of deep learning methodologies in revolutionizing the livestock industry. This research notably underscores the potential of deploying efficient real-time health monitoring systems, offering a promising avenue towards modernizing livestock management practices.</p> <p> </p>

Reflection on the Trend of Data Property Rights in China

In the digital age, traditional legal paradigms are facing challenges. The swift advancement of technology has given rise to numerous novel challenges. This article intends to elucidate the true essence of data property rights in the context of the interaction between law and technology, reflect upon the origins of the rise of property rights in China, and engage in a multi-faceted exploration from the perspectives of judicial practice, theoretical foundations, and the field of law and economics. In conclusion, we should prudently apply legal norms to new changes, and the resolution of issues and the establishment of a well-functioning market should not rely solely on the construction of digital property rights.

Software GeoGebra as a Proposal for Mathematical Modeling Problems

Purpose: This study arises from an investigation into the difficulties in understanding Geometry and the mishaps in the interpretation of problems from the Mathematics Olympiads. The objective of this work is to present a didactic proposal that explores the resolution of Olympic issues, developing visualization skills and geometric reasoning with the support of GeoGebra software. Methodology: For this, we used Didactic Engineering as a methodology, in its first two phases - preliminary analysis and a priori analysis - considering that this study is part of an ongoing research. Findings: As a result, we present a didactic proposal that explores two questions of the International Kangaroo Mathematics, describing their resolution based on the assumptions of the Theory of Didactic Situations. Significance: Finally, we hope to contribute to the teaching work in this area and, subsequently, implement these didactic situations in the last two phases of Didactic Engineering, carrying out their experimentation, posterior analysis, and validation.

Penerapan Sistem Kamar di Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Profesionalisme dan Kualitas Putusan para Hakim Agung

At the end of December 2016, the Supreme Court (MA) issued Circular Letter (SEMA) No. 4 of 2016 concerning the Implementation of the Formulation of the Results of the 2016 Supreme Court Chamber Plenary Meeting as a Guideline for the Implementation of Duties for the Court. The agreement on the results of the formulation of new plenary legal rules of this chamber has been held every year since 2012, especially judicial technical discussions in handling cases in each chamber of the Supreme Court. So, this Chamber System is based on the specialization of the field of law mastered by each Supreme Court justice. That way, Supreme Court justices can only handle cases according to their expertise. Since the introduction of the chamber system to the Supreme Court, each chamber periodically holds chamber plenary meetings. The plenary meeting of the chamber serves as a forum for the Supreme Court justices to discuss the resolution of legal issues that have not been shared among the Supreme Court justices. The research method used is the normative juridical method, namely research that prioritizes literature data, namely research on secondary data. The secondary data can be primary, secondary or tertiary legal material. This research includes research on positive legal provisions in force in Indonesia relating to the implementation of the chamber system in the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia in order to improve the professionalism and quality of decisions of the Supreme Court justices. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that the quality of Supreme Court decisions after the implementation of the Chamber System, meaning that the application of the chamber system is regulated by a management to try a case based on the field of case, then the method is tried by a council of judges who have the same field of expertise (one field), both with the case to be tried and in the same field with other members of the magistrate. Thus, the chamber system is a system in which Supreme Court justices with similar expertise (similar competence) are gathered group by group.

Preface to the Special Issue on “Differential Games and Its Applications”

The study of differential games has practical applications in the analysis and resolution of conflict issues by the use of differential equations [...]

A Review of Advanced Biomaterials and Cells for the Production of Bone Organoid

Rapid advancements in traditional bone tissue engineering have led to innovation in bone repair models and the resolution of insurmountable clinical issues like graft scarcity. The pathophysiological process of treating bone disease, however, is a multidimensional and multimodal regenerative regulatory mechanism that includes numerous immune, inflammatory, or metabolic responses related to the graft or the organism itself. Based on a 3D in vitro cell culture system that is remarkably identical to the body's bone tissue, the bone organoid is a biomimicking bone organ environment. It can accurately mimic the actual repair and regeneration condition in vivo because it shares the same physiological function, structure, morphology, and metabolic process as endogenous bone tissue. As a disruptive regenerative medicine technology, it has wide application prospects in the fields of organ development, gene editing, disease modeling, and precision therapy. Herein, the development process and physiological basis of different cell‐based bone organoids are reviewed, the current status of the application of different materials, cells, and construction methods for building bone organoids is described, and the prospects and challenges for the development of bone organoids in future medical fields is discussed.

Strategies for Real-Time Simulation of Central Solenoid ITER Power Supply Digital Twin

The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is a cutting-edge project that aims to develop a sustainable energy source by harnessing the power of nuclear fusion. One of the key challenges in the development of the ITER is the complex electrical grid that is required to support its operations. To address this challenge, a digital twin (DT) of the Central Solenoid (CS) Converter Power Supply grid has to be developed, and real-time simulation strategies have been proposed to monitor and study the performance of the ITER grid. Real-time simulation strategies allow for continuous feedback on the performance of the grid, enabling the quick identification and resolution of issues. However, it is not always possible to perform real-time simulation easily in a real-time simulator; therefore, specific strategies have to be implemented in the DT. This paper focuses on decoupling lines and explicit partitioning as solutions to allow the real-time simulation of the CS Converter Power Supply grid with two converter units (CUs), as required by the ITER Organization (IO). As will be shown later in this article, the proposed approach is progressive and applicable to a more complex grid with multiple CUs. The results concerning the proposed strategies will be analyzed and discussed in terms of real-time performance.

Legal standpoint: general legal characteristics

The research focuses on the fact that today the concept of “legal standpoint” is quite popular both in legal theory and practice, and is generally recognised in the national science, but there are different approaches to its understanding in the legal literature. An integrated analysis of the approaches to understanding the essence of this category has been conducted, and it has been established that modern scientific doctrine considers legal standpoint from different approaches: as part of legal culture and legal consciousness; as certain concepts, ideas; as part of an act or its conclusions. It has been noted that such approaches complicate the understanding of the very essence of a legal standpoint at the doctrinal level, and this may lead to contradictions in the implementation of legal provisions. That is why this term should be used in compliance with the rules of formal certainty.
 In order to clarify the legal nature of the term “legal standpoint”, it has been identified its main characteristics. It has been pointed out that the most important feature of a legal standpoint, its heart, is its main idea. An opinion that legal standpoint is a concept of the general theory of law has been supported. In this regard, the author provides an argument that legal standpoint is undoubtedly a product of mental activity, primarily of a professional. The concept is based on a principle, an idea, which is the basis for a proposal (version, hypothesis, recommendation, etc.) that provides a solution to any legal problem.
 It has been stated that the nature of legal standpoint is formed by pragmatism, a person's attitude to real things, which is noted by almost all researchers. When mastering a legal standpoint, certain philosophical approaches should be taken as a basis. In any case, it has been proposed to understand a legal standpoint as an assessment of factual reality and a system of arguments, conclusions and proposals for its legal regulation. This is a kind of logical and legal construction that expresses the attitude to law, legal regulation and its norms. Therefore, it has been established that a legal standpoint is a philosophical and legal category which includes a person’s mental activity, on the basis of which a certain proposal is built, which is used to ensure the resolution of any legal issue.

Sorald: Automatic Patch Suggestions for SonarQube Static Analysis Violations

Previous work has shown that early resolution of issues detected by static code analyzers can prevent major costs later on. However, developers often ignore such issues for two main reasons. First, many issues should be interpreted to determine if they correspond to actual flaws in the program. Second, static analyzers often do not present the issues in a way that is actionable. To address these problems, we present Sorald: a novel system that devise metaprogramming templates to transform the abstract syntax trees of programs and suggest fixes for static analysis warnings. Thus, the burden on the developer is reduced from interpreting and fixing static issues, to inspecting and approving full fledged solutions. Sorald fixes violations of 10 rules from SonarJava, one of the most widely used static analyzers for Java. We evaluate Sorald on a dataset of 161 popular repositories on Github. Our analysis shows the effectiveness of Sorald as it fixes 65% (852/1,307) of the violations that meets the repair preconditions. Overall, our experiments show it is possible to automatically fix notable violations of the static analysis rules produced by the state-of-the-art static analyzer SonarJava.

US-China Growing Competition in Soft Power

The utilization of soft power, based on attraction and persuasion, is crucial for countries in the international arena, as it discourages the use of hard power. For China, soft power is just as pivotal as hard power in its efforts to dominate the world. Beijing's preoccupation with soft power is rapidly increasing, and it seeks to convince the world that it is a benign power and believes in soft power in foreign policy. China has now emerged as a rising power due to its strong economy, initiation of the Belt and Road Initiative BRI, the resolution of outstanding issues with neighboring states, rapid progress in technological development, and contribution to UN peacekeeping missions. Despite this, China's image in the West is not positive, and the US and its allies will continue to attempt to damage China's soft power image by criticizing its BRI, debt-trap policies, authoritarian regime, human rights violations, and labor exploitation in Africa. The competition for soft power dominance between the US and China is in full swing. Both states seek to continue their hegemony in the 21st century. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze and compare the utilization of soft power by China and the US, highlighting their respective soft power strategies.

Information interaction and social support: exploring help-seeking in online communities during public health emergencies

BackgroundDuring public health emergencies, online community users can obtain social support and assistance through information interaction in the online community. This study takes the COVID-19 pandemic as the context and aims to analyze the influence of user information interaction in online communities on the acquisition of social support during this public health emergency.MethodsData collected from help-seeking posts in the “COVID-19 Patients Help-Seeking Dialog” subforum on China’s Sina Weibo were used as the research sample. The influence of the frequency of interaction and responsiveness on help seekers’ receipt of online social support was analyzed, and the moderating effect of help seekers’ identity type and intensity of online community use was explored.ResultsThe results reveal that the frequency of interaction positively impacts informational support (β = 0.367, p < 0.001) and negatively impacts emotional support (β=-0.240, p < 0.001), and the responsiveness of other users toward help-seeking posts positively impacts emotional support (β = 0.145, p < 0.01). Moreover, help seeker’s identity type and intensity of online community use significantly moderate the relationship between the frequency of interaction and the emotional support obtained by the help seeker.ConclusionsThe study highlights the impact of user information interaction on obtaining help-seeking information from online communities for social support. The initiative would facilitate the resolution of issues related to users’ information help-seeking during public health emergencies.

Перспективні напрямки проведення модернізації засобів управління режимом навантаження в Об’єднаній енергосистемі України

Considered a promising possibility in the system of dispatching control of the load mode of the United energy system of Ukraine to ensure the processes of regulating the generating capacities of NPP stations. The new direction of construction of control systems using the United energy system of Ukraine mode will make it possible to abandon too expensive means of maneuverable generation, such as the construction of reserve stations with highly maneuverable TPPs that have high-speed start-up characteristics, as well as frequency control support systems using powerful storage batteries. Instead, it is proposed to use powerful automatically controlled electric boilers, previously included in the means of regulating the load regime of the combined energy system. This will contribute to the further development of the generating capacity of nuclear power plants, wind power plants, and thermal power plants, as well as to the resolution of issues related to ensuring the stability and sustainability of the combined power system. Keywords: Unified power system, powerful electric boilers, automated dispatch control system, daily electrical load schedule, main power transmission lines.