Reserve Area Research Articles

Geometrids (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) of the Kronotsky Nature Reserve and other natural areas of the Kamchatka Peninsula

An overview of geometrid moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) of the Kronotsky Nature Reserve is presented. Additionally, materials from the Bystrinsky and Nalychevo Nature Parks, the Yuzhno- Kamchatsky and Kol River protected natural areas, as well as from the Bering Island (Commander Islands National Park). An annotated list has been compiled, including 79 species, of which Biston betularia (Linnaeus, 1758) and Scotopteryx chenopodiata (Linnaeus, 1758) are listed for the fi rst time for Kamchatka. Seventy species have been recorded in the Kronotsky Nature Reserve, 39 of which are new to the reserve. About 80% of geometrid moth species known on the peninsula inhabit the reserve. For all 79 species, we provided data on the collected material, distribution in the reserve and Kamchatka Krai, relative abundance, food plants for caterpillars and other ecological features.

Three bryophyte species new to türkiye and southwest asia

As a result of extensive bryophyte surveys across the different parts of the Karçal Mountain, Türkiye's first biosphere reserve area, Artvin region (Caucasus) in the East Black Sea region of Türkiye, Jungermannia pumila, Scapania uliginosa and Heterocladium flaccidum found as new to Türkiye. Moreover, these taxa are the first time reported for bryophyte flora of South-West Asia in this paper. Descriptions, illustrations, distributions, ecological characteristics, and comparisons with morphologically similar taxa were also provided. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 31(1): 25-32, 2024 (June)

Deciphering the key factors affecting pesticide residue risk in vegetable ecosystem

Soil contamination, particularly from pesticide residues, presents a significant challenge to the sustainable development of agricultural ecosystems. Identifying the key factors influencing soil pesticide residue risk and implementing effective measures to mitigate their risks at the source are essential. Here, we collected soil samples and conducted a comprehensive survey among local farmers in the Three Gorges Reserve Area, a major agricultural production region in Southwest China. Subsequently, employing a dual analytical approach combining structural equation modeling (SEM) and random forest modeling (RFM), we examined the effects of various factors on pesticide residue accumulation in vegetable ecosystems. Our SEM analysis revealed that soil characteristics (path coefficient 0.85) and cultivation factor (path coefficient 0.84) had the most significant effect on pesticide residue risk, while the farmer factors indirectly influenced pesticide residues by impacting both cultivation factors and soil characteristics. Further exploration using RFM identified the three most influential factors contributing to pesticide residue risk as cation exchange capacity (CEC) (account for 18.84%), cultivation area (account for 14.12%), and clay content (account for 13.01%). Based on these findings, we carried out experimental trials utilizing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) technology, resulting in a significant reduction in soil pesticide residues and notable improvements in crop yields. Therefore, it is recommended that governmental efforts should prioritize enhanced training for vegetable farmers, promotion of eco-friendly plant protection methods, and regulation of agricultural environments to ensure sustainable development.

Unleashed: walking dogs off the lead greatly increases habitat disturbance in UK lowland heathlands

Human population growth is associated with increased disturbance to wildlife. This effect is particularly acute in urban and periurban areas, where the area of effective disturbance extends beyond that of human presence by the roaming behaviour of pet dogs. Dogs are globally the dominant companion animal, with a population of ~ 12 million in the UK. As urban areas extend, dogs are exercised in green space close to housing. In southeast and southern England these areas include lowland heath, a habitat of high conservation value. To quantify disturbance caused by dog walkers and their dogs, we used GPS units to track the movement of people and their dogs across four lowland heath sites, used a questionnaire to ask about dog walking habits, and mapped potential areas of disturbance caused by dog walkers. Questionnaires were completed by 798 dog walkers and the walks of 162 owners and their 185 dogs were recorded. Mean (± SE) walk time was 56 ± 23 min, walk distance 3.75 ± 1.68 km and dogs were a median distance of 20 m from the owner during walks. Dogs were walked once (44%) or twice (56%) a day. Most (always: 85%; always or occasionally: 95%) dogs were walked off the lead even when signs were present requesting that dogs were kept on a lead. This resulted in up to a 21% increase in reserve area disturbed. In one reserve (Snelsmore Common), > 90% of the area was disturbed by dogs, greatly eroding its conservation value. This work highlights the importance of considering how dog ownership can exacerbate levels of disturbance in sensitive periurban habitats when housing developments are planned.

Factors influencing the distribution, risk, and transport of microplastics and heavy metals for wildlife and habitats in “island” landscapes: From source to sink

Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals (HMs) are important pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems. In particular, the “island” landscape’s weak resistance makes it vulnerable to pollution. However, there is a lack of research on MPs and HMs in island landscapes. Therefore, we used Helan Mountain as the research area. Assess the concentrations, spatial distribution, ecological risks, sources, and transport of MPs and HMs in the soil and blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) feces. Variations in geographical distribution showed a connection between human activity and pollutants. Risk assessment indicated soil and wildlife were influenced by long-term pollutant polarization and multi-element inclusion (Igeo, Class I; PHI, Class V; RI (MPs), 33 % Class II, and 17 % Class IV; HI = 452.08). Source apportionment showed that tourism and coal combustion were the primary sources of pollutants. Meanwhile, a new coupling model of PMF/Risk was applied to quantify the source contribution of various risk types indicated transportation roads and tourism sources were the main sources of ecological and health risks, respectively. Improve the traceability of pollution source risks. Furthermore, also developed a novel tracing model for pollutant transportation, revealing a unique “source-sink-source” cycle in pollutant transportation, which provides a new methodological framework for the division of pollution risk areas in nature reserves and the evaluation of spatial transport between sources and sinks. Overall, this study establishes a foundational framework for conducting comprehensive risk assessments and formulating strategies for pollution control and management.

Optimization of land-use pattern based on suitability and trade-offs between land development and protection: A case study of the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos (HBO) area in Inner Mongolia, China

Determining comprehensive land-use suitability is crucial for effective zoning management. However, limited research on land-use multi-suitability and the trade-offs between land development and protection hinder optimal environmental management. This study focuses on the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos (HBO) area in Inner Mongolia, China, known for its unique geographical attributes, including abundant energy resources, potential arable land, and vulnerable ecological environment. The objective is to determine comprehensive land-use suitability for ecological protection, agricultural production, and urban construction, while addressing the trade-offs involved in land-use multi-suitability. Multi-scenarios were conducted based on multi-suitability using quantitative indicators, such as per capita space occupancy, patch density, and conductance index. The most suitable scenario, identified through these comparisons, was subsequently optimized for the HBO area by addressing land conflict zones using the InVEST model. The results revealed that: (1) Extremely suitable areas for ecological protection, agricultural production, and urban construction accounted for 47.75%, 18.19%, and 8.61% of the HBO area, respectively, indicating significant potential for ecological conservation. (2) Trade-offs were categorized into six scenarios based on land-use multi-suitability. The ecological-agricultural priority scenario demonstrated reasonable space allocation, the highest landscape agglomeration and connectivity, making it the most suitable option for optimizing the land-use pattern. (3) The optimized zoning delineated the ecological protection red line (EPR), which accounted for the highest percentage at 40.71%, while the urban reserve area (URA) was minimal, constituting only 1.28%. The primary goal of zoning management is to curb urban expansion and alleviate ecological degradation through effective strategies. Consequently, regulatory strategies focusing on management zoning were proposed. Overall, this study developed a comprehensive index system for land-use suitability, providing a method for balancing land development and protection. The findings offer a scientific reference for sustainable development in the HBO area and other regions with similar natural environmental backgrounds.

Disaggregated spatiotemporal traffic assignment for road reservation service and supply-demand statistical analysis

This paper develops a disaggregated spatiotemporal traffic assignment method with a system-optimal (SO) orientation and analyzes the supply-demand matching degree with four statistical indexes under the background of a road reservation system. Three key issues are addressed. Firstly, the paper illustrates the service process of a road reservation system. It is essential to know how the road reservation system works and the difference between it and other reservation systems. Secondly, a spatiotemporal discretization expression method based on the system-optimal traffic assignment (SOTA) model with predictive origin-destination demand for link travel time is put forward to make the supply space could be reserved, and the demand would not be mutually interfering. Thirdly, the study proposes a reverse feasible spatiotemporal route searching algorithm based on the expected arrival time to individually assign the applicants on the road network. This route searching algorithm does not use the network topology but the spatiotemporal discretized links. The departure time preference was considered in the feasible spatiotemporal route searching algorithm. Moreover, as the real demand distribution of the whole reservation area is not difficult to obtain after a period of updates, it is possible to analyze the supply-demand matching degree of the road network. Thus, four statistical indexes are proposed to assess the state variation of the road network. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. The novel reverse feasible routes searching algorithm has a system-optimal trend with inputting the demand individually and an acceptable calculating efficiency. The method proposed by this paper could ensure a reliable road reservation service with accurate demand prediction. Considering the departure time preference would not bring extra burden to the road reservation system but provide more user-friendly service. Through the analysis, the supply-demand matching degree of the road network is significantly influenced by the cohesive capacity connection of the upstream and downstream links. This indicates the network structure and road attributes optimization should be considered in enhancing the road reservation service.

Farmer-Agropastoralist Conflict Escalation in Morogoro Region, Tanzania: A Structural and Process Analysis

In Africa, access to natural resources such as land, water, forest, and wildlife reserve areas is a key factor for socio-economic development. The scarcity and degradation of these resources in rural environments threaten human security, leading to conflicts. Conflicts between agropastoralists and farmers are increasing in Tanzania. This research deployed the Social Conflict Theory that embeds structural and process elements to address the question of why and how the conflict between farmers and agropastoralists has escalated into deadly violence in the Morogoro region, Tanzania. Qualitative and ethnographic research methods were used. Results demonstrate that the way farmers lose their land by illegal means (e.g., bribes, force and coercion, and deception and stealth) is a critical factor that contributes more to land resource conflicts. We argue that land resource-related conflicts in Tanzania cannot be explained solely by a single driver (e.g., limited land resources), but by a combination of drivers including the illegal mechanisms used to control access to land resources. Conflicts between farmers and agropastoralists in the Morogoro region escalated to violence following the general patterns and transformation dynamics (i.e., process variables) described in Social Conflict Theory. These process variables involve tactics shifting from light to heavy, goals shifting from specific to general, and involvement shifting from few to many. The analysis of conflicts by focusing on process variables (conflict dynamics) enabled the identification of new factors (culture and age of participant in the conflict) that helped explain why some conflicts between farmers and agropastoralists escalate to deadly violence. The study recommends the formation of a loose coalition (e.g., Elders’ Tribunal) which includes equal representation of members from the farmer and agropastoralist communities which may help solve the current conundrum caused by top-down administrative procedures and practices, which often leads to outcomes that are ineffective and unsatisfactory to all parties

Modeling Environmental Vulnerability for 2050 Considering Different Scenarios in the Doce River Basin, Brazil

Understanding climate change and land use impacts is crucial for mitigating environmental degradation. This study assesses the environmental vulnerability of the Doce River Basin for 2050, considering future climate change and land use and land cover (LULC) scenarios. Factors including slope, elevation, relief dissection, precipitation, temperature, pedology, geology, urban distance, road distance, and LULC were evaluated using multicriteria analysis. Regional climate models Eta-HadGEM2-ES and Eta-MIROC5 under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emission scenarios were employed. The Land Change Modeler tool simulated 2050 LULC changes and hypothetical reforestation of legal reserve (RL) areas. Combining two climate and two LULC scenarios resulted in four future vulnerability scenarios. Projections indicate an over 300 mm reduction in average annual precipitation and an up to 2 °C temperature increase from 2020 to 2050. Scenario 4 (RCP 8.5 and LULC for 2050 with reforested RLs) showed the greatest basin area in the lowest vulnerability classes, while scenario 3 (RCP 4.5 and LULC for 2050) exhibited more high-vulnerability areas. Despite the projected relative improvement in environmental vulnerability by 2050 due to reduced rainfall, the complexity of associated relationships must be considered. These results contribute to mitigating environmental damage and adapting to future climatic conditions in the Doce River Basin.

A story of becoming a horticultural threat, cypress jewel beetle Lamprodila festiva (Coleoptera, Buprestidae): analytical approach of its European escalation based on bibliographical sources

The cypress jewel beetle, Lamprodila festiva, as one of the most destructive local invasive pests in Europe is currently an extreme threat to the coniferous Cupressaceae trees. The beetle spread at an unprecedented pace and intensity and poses a threat to many countries. Our study aimed to map the Palearctic distribution of L. festiva and measure the dispersal's pace and directions. Besides, one of our goals was visualising the adult’s seasonal activity and their host plant choice preference. A meta-analytical assessment was carried out to answer these questions based on the related bibliographical sources available in scientific databases. Our results confirmed that L. festiva has spread with extraordinary speed and success across the western Palaearctic areas, where the consequences of global warming have provided optimal conditions. The first population successful reproduction was started at five well-differentiated natural reserve areas across Europe in a latent manner. The flight season of L. festiva typically occurs from May to July, with the peaks varying depending on the area of distribution. Our studies have shown that L. festiva is a typical oligophagous pest, favouring certain species within its range of host plants. Thus, the genera Thuja, Platycladus and Juniperus species are most affected by its damage. Starting from its exceptional distribution characteristics, realising biological explanatory and applied protection research related to this species can become an urgent expectation in the future.

Connecting Water Quality and Ecosystem Services for Valuation and Assessment of a Groundwater Reserve Area in South-East Mexico

Even though the role of ecosystem services is known, the identification and assessment of water-related services is usually absent or often less represented as an ecosystem service. Progress in water quality indicator definition and compliance with regulations has been made; however, the relationship between water quality degradation and benefits to individuals and ecosystems remains little recognized. Here, we present an assessment of water quality and identification of ecosystem services in south-east Mexico. This study was performed within the geohydrological reserve zone of the Ring of Sinkholes, Yucatán Peninsula. Thirteen ecosystem services provided by the aquifer were identified. Water quality was evaluated in sinkholes based on national and international norms, considering different sinkhole uses. Results show a dynamic system, without saltwater intrusion and good to excellent water quality. The research demonstrates the relationship between ecosystem services and water quality, showing pressure in services related to uses for aquatic life protection and to a lesser extent those related to consumption. Current productive activities showed no pressure at this time. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) exhibited a significant difference in parameters and campaigns, but not between sinkholes. A long-lasting monitoring program for water quality is necessary to accurately evaluate the status of ecosystem services provided by the aquifer. Moreover, it is necessary to assess aquifers as ecosystems with economic, ecologic and socio-cultural importance. Effective water governance requires a balance of interests between all parties, within a legal and institutional framework.

Minimization of Costs with Picking and Storage Operations

This work presents two mixed-integer programming models that intend to minimize the costs of the picking and storage operation through better planning and organization of the places occupied by the products in the warehouse. A large customer that stores frozen goods in a Portuguese cold chain logistics company was selected for the analysis of the allocation of the products in the warehouse and of the corresponding outbound movements. Data with 8525 movements that occurred during 2021 were collected for 228 different product references. For this case study, the products that had a picking place in the initial scenario now have pallets with all the goods in the reserve area, and vice versa. The mathematical models were permitted to obtain savings for the logistics operator costs of around 30.9%. The proposed models can, in the future, be applied in other warehouse scenarios to companies in completely different sectors of activity.

Association Of Shorea Platyclados With Dominant Trees In Martelu Purba Nature Reserve

Shorea platyclados, known to the public as Meranti Bukit, is one of the species whose existence S. platyclados Slooten ex Foxw. or what is known by the local name Meranti Bukit is a type of meranti tree that has fast growth and is recommended as a plant for forest and land rehabilitation activities. S. platyclados is threatened in nature and is included in the Near Threatened (NT) its category based on the IUCN Redlist. Conservation efforts are needed to better understand natural habitat conditions and increase the population of S. platyclados in nature with an ecological approach. An association is a common kind of community that is present in many places and occurs under similar circumstances.. Associations are characterized by having a similar floristic composition, having a uniform physiognomy, and their distribution having a unique habitat. Studies on plant associations around S. platyclados have yet to be revealed so a more in-depth ecological analysis is needed to determine the relationship between S. platyclados and other plants around it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between S. platyclados and the dominant trees in the Martelu Purba Nature Reserve area. Using the 2x2 Contingency Table, association analysis was performed on the primary constituent species with an IVI of ≥10%.. The results of the analysis of the type of association between S.platyclados and the dominant tree showed positive for Charcoal and Akhirsap species, while for Modang, Beringin, and Kemenyan species negative association.

Performance Analysis of Forest Canopy Height Model Generated from UAV and InSAR

Forest canopy height is a crucial parameter in ecosystem process modelling, yet research on generating canopy height models (CHMs) using photogrammetry method from UAV data remains limited compared to methods such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR). This study investigates the performance of accuracy and effectiveness of CHM generated from low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) via the photogrammetry method together with the well-known long-established Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). Leveraging advancements in UAV technology for three-dimensional land surface modelling, this research focuses on the Pasoh Research Station (nearby the Arboretum area) of Pasoh Forest Reserve in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. A series of images were captured at ten different UAV flying altitudes ranging from 120m to 500m above the mean sea level. Subsequently, CHMs were derived from both UAV and InSAR data, and compared against field measurements of tree height. The results indicate that UAV with a flying height below 200m can generate much more accurate results (with average height difference less than 10m) than InSAR (average height difference of 10.532m). It is noticeable that when comparing the InSAR-generated CHM to field measurements at lower altitudes (below 150m), the canopy height obtained from InSAR data is less accurate (more than 10m difference with field measurement) than the CHM obtained via UAV photogrammetry processing (only 5.353 m difference with field measurement). However, when UAV flying height is above 200m, InSAR data is performed more reliably. A 120m UAV flying height has a good potential to generate canopy height that is closer to the field measurement.

Current state and long-term changes in the taxocene of marine polychaetes of the Karadag Nature Reserve (Republic of Crimea, Russian Federation)

Taxonomic and trophic structure and quantitative development of polychaetes are examined in the marine coastal areas of the Karadag Nature Reserve in 2021–2022. 40 species belonging to 30 genera and 15 families are discovered. From 1938 to 2022, 75 species have been recorded in this area. According to the nutritional spectrum, polyphages are the most represented, phytophages are the least represented. The average number of polychaetes in 2021–2022 is 100 ± 53 ind./m2, the average biomass is 3.55 ± 0.023 g/m2; S. papillocercusthe prevails in the total abundance and biomass, 98 and 99%, respectively. The change in the species composition, abundance and biomass of marine polychaetes of the Karadag Nature Reserve, inhabiting hard bottom substrates (1984–2022) and soft soils (1938–2021), is considered. From 1984 to 2021, 29 species of polychaetes have been recorded on soft substrates, and only two species in 2021–2022: Namanereis littoralis and Saccocirrus papillocercus. In underwater rock assemblages, on the contrary, the largest number of species (38) has been found in 2021–2022, and the smallest (14) in 1938–1940 (a total of 65 species found during 1938–2022). A transformation of the species composition and trophic structure of polychaetes occurred in the coastal biotopes of soft and hard bottom substrates in the marine area of the Karadag Nature Reserve from 1938 to 2022, with a decrease in the number of phytophages, as well as a decrease in quantitative characteristics. Presumably, the de crease in the number and diversity of polychaete worms on soft substrates is associated with a decrease in the macrophyte algae biomass. The results obtained, supplemented by data on the structure of phytocenoses and characteristic of bottom substrates, can be used in environmental monitoring of protected water areas of the Black Sea.

Effects of seasonal variation on the characteristics of stranded marine debris within Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia

Monitoring and assessing the items stranded on shorelines is a crucial step in addressing the threat posed by marine debris to our ocean. The objective of this study is to examine the occurrence and categorize marine debris that accumulates on the beach and mangrove area of Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve from the transitional season 2 to the rainy season. The abundance of marine debris is significant in transitional season 2. There is no significant difference between different seasons. The dominant form of debris among all macrodebris categories during transitional season 2 was plastic, accounting for 46.38% of the total. Single-use plastics like styrofoam, shoes, sandals, gloves, plastic wrap, and plastic sachets were found to be the most common types of large-scale plastic debris, comprising 60% of total macroplastic debris. The debris found on Rambut Island is believed to originate from debris carried by rivers that flow into Jakarta Bay. The presence of seasonal winds, currents, waves, and tides further contribute to the accumulation of debris in this area.

Influence of groundwater discharge on the hydrochemistry of coastal lagoons and marsh environments in Punta Rasa Natural Reserve area, Argentina

Influence of groundwater discharge on the hydrochemistry of coastal lagoons and marsh environments in Punta Rasa Natural Reserve area, Argentina

Landsat series images for evaluating ecological restoration effect from multi-time scale based on an ideal reference

Multi-time scale assessment of ecological restoration effects based on objective and scientific approaches can provide crucial information for implementing environmental protection policies and ensuring sustainable regional development. This study evaluated the effect of ecological restoration based on a natural evolution as a reference frame, using yearly Landsat time series. Southern Ningxia in China was selected as the study area. The remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was calculated. The features of natural evolution were derived from the time series of the RSEI in the natural reserve areas (NRAs). LandTrendr was employed to characterize the disturbance–recovery processes. Furthermore, we adopted the dynamic time-warping method for the entire study period, along with the relative variation ratio (during the disturbance–recovery cycle) to capture the long-term and short-term ecological restoration effects, respectively. The following conclusions were drawn: First, a time-series RSEI based on LandTrendr was used to successfully monitor disturbance–recovery processes. Second, the majority of RSEI disturbances (i.e., >60%) occurred between 2000 and 2005. It is characterized by fewer disturbance times and obvious spatial heterogeneity in disturbance duration. Notably, from 2000 to 2022, the RSEI improved. Additionally, approximately 40% of the study area portrayed a strong similarity to the RSEI of the NRAs. We conclude that quantifying the ecological restoration effect at multi-time scales is a practical operational approach for policymakers and environmental protection. Our study presents novel insights for assessing regional ecological quality, by capturing the processes of natural evolution features in NRAs.

The potential of pulau dua nature reserve as a blue carbon reservoir in climate change mitigation using Sentinel-2 MSI imagery

Climate change is a long-term change in weather patterns that occurs on a global scale. Climate change has had impacts in various parts of the world. Mangrove ecosystems in Pulau Dua Nature Reserve contribute to the improvement of climate change through blue carbon reserves. The study aims to determine the blue carbon reservoir in the Pulau Dua Nature Reserve area using Sentinel-2 MSI imagery. The research was conducted from March to May 2023 using remote sensing methods. Data collection using open-source image Sentinel-2 image, then processing and analyzing data with composite images and finally calculating carbon stocks. The results showed that the blue carbon reservoir obtained was 537.89 tons, which means that the mangrove ecosystem in the Pulau Dua Nature Reserve is able to store more carbon than other forest types. This is because the mangrove ecosystem has great potential in reducing and dealing with disasters due to climate change in the era of global warming.

Study on the impact of reclamation and development of Yancheng coastal wetlands on the spatio-temporal evolution of wintering Anatidae habitat

As a World Natural Heritage Site primarily focused on protecting migratory bird habitats, the Yancheng coastal wetland is also an important land resource reserve area in China. With a long history of reclamation, the impact of reclamation on waterbird habitats has attracted widespread attention. Therefore, this study was based on the distribution data of wintering Anatidae from 1987 to 2020 and coastal land reclamation data. The landscape development intensity (LDI) index and MaxEnt model were used to reveal the spatiotemporal changes in reclamation development intensity and identify the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of Anatidae habitats. A geographical weight regression (GWR) model was used to analyze the local differences for the impact of changes in reclamation development intensity on the spatiotemporal distribution of Anatidae habitats. The results showed that the area of land types with higher reclamation intensity in the study area increased rapidly from 1987 to 2020, and the overall reclamation intensity showed a pattern of low in the northeast and high in the southwest. The high-intensity range in 1987 was 5.01 ∼ 6.00, and the reclamation intensity in the western area of Dafeng to Tiaozini was generally greater than 8.01 in 2020. From 1987 to 2020, the population of Anatidae first decreased and then increased, with a clear southward shift in spatial distribution. The evaluation results of suitable habitats revealed that the most suitable area significantly declined from 1280.76 hm2 in 1997 to 60.19 hm2 in 2020, which indicated that the patch space of high-quality habitats was further compressed. The area with the greatest positive impact for the intensity of reclamation and development on habitat suitability from 1987 to 1997 was concentrated near the Beihuanchong area, while in 2007, the negative impact was mostly distributed in the northern and western Hexin area. The regression coefficient ranged from −0.665 ∼ -0.513. The negative impact of reclamation and development further deteriorated in 2020, with a negative correlation coefficient ranging from −1.642 ∼ -0.699. There were significant differences in the impact of environmental variables on the distribution of Anatidae habitats in different periods. In this study, a habitat protection and restoration pattern for Anatidae is proposed, which may provide an important reference for the protection of wintering Anatidae populations and the structural restoration of habitats in Yancheng coastal wetlands.