Subject Of Research Research Articles

ANALIZA ODNOSA INDEKSA DIGITALNIH VEŠTINA I RAZVOJA EKONOMIJE

The transition from the industrial age to the age of knowledge or information age implies the adoption of new knowledge and skills that become the main resource of business. The consequence of constant technological innovations is the need for new knowledge and skills, such as digital literacy and digital skills, which have become one of the most important resources for the development of industry, and therefore the economy. The subject of research in this paper is the analysis of the DSI index ( Digital Skill Index ) for the years 2021 and 2023 and the DQL index ( Digital Quality of Life Index ) for a period of five years, with the aim of comparing the data and pointing out the importance of having digital skills and the use of social networks have on the development of the economy. Quantitative research method was used in the research and was implemented dynamic analysis of DSI and DQL indices for Serbia and comparative analysis with other countries in a given time period. The results of the DSI index research for 2021 and 2023 for 36 European countries show that the leading positions were taken by the countries of Northern Europe, the Netherlands, Ireland, Spain and Luxembourg, while Serbia took the 30th position. Certain countries that occupied the central positions in the table in 2019, in 2023 have regressed, that is, progressed, but not to a significant level. On the other hand, the analysis of the DQL index for 50 countries of the world in the period from 2019 to 2023 shows that European countries occupied more than 50 percent among the best-ranked countries in the entire time period, while Serbia was not analyzed in 2019, but in in the next four analyzed years, it reached the top 50 ranked countries in the world. Also, the paper shows the importance of the development of digital skills and the use of social networks in the growth and development of the economy.

Refinement of the crystal structure of christofschäferite-(Ce) and the modular aspect of the chevkinite polysomatic series with the general formula of {A<sub>4</sub>B(T<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>)<sub>2</sub>}{C<sub>2</sub>D<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>}<sub>m</sub> (m = 1, 2)

Research subject. The crystal structure of christofschäferite-(Ce) was previously refined in terms of the P21/m low-symmetrical space group, which allowed the local features of cationic arrangements to be determined. In this work, we set out to refine the crystal structure of christofschäferite-(Ce) in terms of the P21/a high-symmetrical space group based on the previously collected diffraction data. A topology-symmetrical analysis of the members of the chevkinite group with the general formula of A4BC2D2(Si2O7)2O8 was conducted. Materials and methods. A magmatic rock sample with christofschäferite-(Ce) inclusions was found in the vicinity of the Laacher See volcano, near Mendig, Eifel Mountains, Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz), Germany. The crystal structure was studied using single-crystal X-ray analysis. Results. Despite an increase in the symmetry to the P21/a space group (in comparison with the previous data with the P21/m space group), the main patterns of cation distribution between the octahedral and tetrahedral sites are preserved. However, due to the lover number of cationic sites, this distribution becomes more disordered. Based on a crystal chemical analysis of the crystal structures of natural and synthetic members of the chevkinite group in the framework of the OD theory, it is possible to combine them into a united OD family with the same OD groupoid. Conclusions. According to the OD theory, there are two structural OD-subgroups of the chevkinite group (chevkinite and perrierite). The crystal structure and symmetry of possible MDO-polytypes are predicted.

Major structural types in inorganic chemistry and mineralogy: New data

Research subject. Structural types with different stoichiometric correlations between chemical elements. Aim. To analyze the prevalence of structural types with different stoichiometric correlations between chemical elements, such as simple substances with binary compounds, triple compounds with stoichiometry ABX3, triple compounds with stoichiometry AB2X4. Key points. The analysis was conducted using the databases of inorganic compounds ICSD (Inorganic Crystal Structure Database) and PCD (Pearson’s Crystal Data). The number of entries with the most typical structural types for 2013 and 2023 are determined. Their classifications in various databases for different years are given. The ranks of structural types for minerals and inorganic compounds are analyzed. The minerals crystallized in all the considered structural types are indicated according to the 2023 ISCD data, sampling only by the number of minerals registered in IMA (International Mineralogical Association – Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification) for March 2023. The Russian names of minerals are presented in accordance with the database WWW-MINCRIST for the minerals crystallizing in all the structural types under consideration. Conclusions. The most probable causes for the realization of each stoichiometric correlation in various structural types are determined. The prevalence of certain structural types among inorganic compounds and minerals, as well as the underlying reasons, are discussed based on the principles of crystal chemistry.

Oxoborates of the ludwigite group: Natural and mineral-like compounds as prospective materials

Research subject. Natural oxoborates of the ludwigite group, including azoproite, ludwigite, and vonsenite. Their empirical formulas based on five oxygen atoms have the following form: azoproite (Mg1.81Fe2+0.19)∑2.00(Fe3+0.36Ti0.26Mg0.26Al0.12)∑1.00 O2(BO3), ludwigite (Mg1.69Fe2+0.30Mn2+0.01)Σ2.00(Fe3+0.90Al0.07Mg0.02Sn0.01)Σ1.00O2(BO3) and vonsenite (Fe2+1.86Mg0.13)∑1.99 (Fe3+0.92Mn2+0.05Sn4+0.02Al0.02)∑1.01O2(BO3). Aim. To establish the relationship between the composition, crystal structure, and thermal behavior (293–1373 K) of the minerals. Materials and methods. Ludwigite was collected at the Iten’yurginskoe tin skarn deposit; vonsenite was collected at the Titovskoe magnesium-skarn boron deposit; azoproite was collected at magnesian skarns of the Tazheran alkaline massif. The methods of single crystal X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-temperature X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and thermal analysis were used. Results. Low-charge cations (Fe2+, Fe2.5+, Mg2+) tend to occupy the M(1)–M(3) sites, and high-charge cations (Fe3+, Al3+, Ti4+, Sn4+) generally occupy the M(4) site. Azoproite is characterized by the highest melting temperature Tm > 1650 K. Due to the low Fe2+ content, azoproite does not undergo solid-phase decomposition across the investigated temperature range. The melting point of ludwigite exceeds 1582 K, which is due to the high Mg content; as a result of the Fe2+ → Fe3+ oxidation, it gradually decomposes with the formation of hematite, warwickite, and magnetite. The temperatures of oxidation and solid-phase decomposition in the Fe2+-rich vonsenite are approximately 100 K lower than those in ludwigite. The melting point of vonsenite is 1571 K. All the minerals are characterized by a weak degree of thermal expansion anisotropy. The main contribution to the thermal expansion anisotropy is due to the preferred orientation of the [BO3]3– triangles. Conclusions. The thermal properties of the oxoborates depend on their chemical composition. It was established that Tm increases with an increase in the Mg and Ti4+ content, and decreases with an increase in the Fe2+ content. The Fe2+ → Fe3+ oxidation is observed when the FeO component in the minerals exceeds 10 wt %, which leads to the solid-phase decomposition starting at temperatures of about 500–600 K. The values of the 293KαV volume thermal expansion of ludwigite and azoproite are comparable, while the largest values were observed for vonsenite. This is associated with the largest average bond lengths, primarily those of <Fe2+–O>6.

Negative thermal expansion of β-Rb<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>

Research subject. The low-temperature modification of β-Rb2SO4 sulfate (Pmcn). Aim. Low-temperature study of the thermal expansion of β-Rb2SO4 by high-temperature powder X-ray diffraction in comparison with the crystal structure, as well as interpretation of the anisotropy of β-Rb2SO4 thermal expansion. Materials and Method. Powder X-ray diffraction and high-temperature powder X-ray diffraction. Results. The thermal expansion of β-Rb2SO4 sulfate was studied for the first time using low-temperature powder thermal X-ray diffraction in comparison with the crystal structure. The phase composition was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction. The thermal expansion of β-Rb2SO4 is practically isotropic. Across the temperature range from –177 to –140°C, the sulfate experiences negative thermal expansion. A further increase in temperature leads to a change in its thermal expansion, which becomes positive. It is proposed to consider the crystal structure of β-Rb2SO4 sulfate as a mixed framework of [RbSO4]–1, which, in turn, consists of fundamental building units (microblocks) of Rb(SO4)6. Across the temperature range from room temperature to –100°C, the maximum expansion of β-Rb2SO4 sulfate occurs along the a axis. The minimum thermal expansion is observed along the c-axis, along the columns consisting of microblocks (αa = 65.4(3)∙10–6°C–1, αb = 59.7(2)∙10–6°C–1, αc = 58.6(2)∙10–6°C–1 at +25°C). In the temperature range from –177 to –140°C, thermal expansion is negative in all three directions (αa = –10.3(3)∙10–6°C–1, αb = –8.6(2)∙10–6°C–1, αc = –9.7(2)∙10–6°C–1 at –170°C). Conclusion. The thermal expansion of β-Rb2SO4 sulfate in the low-temperature range (from –177 to –25°C) was studied for the first time, its structural interpretation was performed. A comparison was given with the thermal expansion of isostructural β-K2SO4.

Kesiapan Kerja Setelah Melaksanakan Praktek Kerja Industri Siswa Kelas XII SMK Negeri 2 Solok

This research aims to determine the impact of industrial work practices on the readiness for work among 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering at SMK Negeri 2 Solok. This study falls under quantitative research, with the research subjects being 26 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering at SMK Negeri 2 Solok. Data collection was done through questionnaires and documentation. The questionnaire was used to measure variables related to industrial work practices, student readiness, and the location of industrial work practice. Data analysis was conducted using data analysis tests for normality, homogeneity, and the F-test. The questionnaire results indicate an influence on the readiness for work among 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering, with an average questionnaire score of 178, a maximum score of 218, a minimum score of 117, and a standard deviation of 23.681. The normality test yielded a sig(2-tailed) value of 0.894 > 0.05, the homogeneity test had a sig value of 0.758 > 0.05, and the F-test had a sig value of 0.013 < 0.05. Based on the data analysis results, it can be concluded that there is an impact after conducting industrial work practice on the readiness for work among 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering.

Combinatorial and algorithmic complexity of crystal structures

Research subject. Numeral indexes describing the complexity of the system of contacts between structural units in crystal structures. Aim. Development of a complexity index for the system of contacts between periodic structural units based on the indices available for those between structural units in island (molecular) structures. Materials and methods. Structural data were selected from the COD, AMCSD, and CSD crystallographic databases. The system of contacts in the structures was analyzed by the Voronoi–Dirichlet polyhedra (VDP) method in the ToposPro software package. Results. The method of topological analysis of the system of contacts in molecular crystals was adapted to all heterodesmic crystal structures and tested on the structures of compounds of several classes. Target complexity indices were developed. Conclusions. Networks of contacts between periodic structural units are low-dimensional. A generalized structural class for such networks can be derived from the original crystal structure data. The algorithmic complexity of heterodesmic structures is subadditive, in contrast to superadditive combinatorial complexity. For the first time, the number of bearing contacts was calculated between periodic structural units, reflecting the algorithmic complexity of the structure at the appropriate level of structural description.

Strategic Analysis of International Oil and Gas Companies’ Response to Global Carbon Emission Reduction Initiatives

This study investigates the role of oil and gas companies, particularly INDOPERTA, in mitigating global carbon emissions among rising energy demands and a shift toward coal and oil. This study highlights the urgency for strategic energy realignment and cleaner, sustainable sources, drawing from International Energy Agency (IEA) reports and various studies. The objective is to understand how companies such as INDOPERTA can integrate operations with effective carbon emission reduction strategies. A mixed-methods approach is employed, combining qualitative analysis of stakeholder perspectives with the AHP to prioritize initiatives based on identified criteria. Findings reveal compliance and regulation and leadership as critical areas needing focused resource allocation. The AHP analysis underscores the strategic importance of renewable energy investment and the pivotal role of leadership and innovation. It suggests a multifaceted approach involving regulatory adherence, international cooperation, and leadership development for effective carbon reduction. The study concludes that international oil and gas companies are at a crucial juncture. They must align their operations with global environmental goals and innovate to remain relevant in the climate agenda. It provides a roadmap for strategy realignment toward sustainability. However, this study has limitations, including its geographical focus, the dynamic nature of the industry, subjectivity in qualitative research and AHP, and reliance on secondary data. These findings highlight the need for ongoing research that adapts to industry changes and global carbon reduction efforts, ensuring that strategies remain relevant and effective.

Triboelectrically self-sensing mechanical metamaterials for smart mechanical equipment

Mechanical metamaterials with extraordinary mechanical properties have been the subject of considerable scientific research and technological application; and self-sensing mechanical metamaterials have gained attention as an intermediate link in the structure-function-perception-control framework. Triboelectrification paves the self-driven way for the miniaturization and sustainability of self-sensing mechanical metamaterials in applications, however, have so far escaped attention for mechanical equipment, let alone further enabling equipment intelligence. Here, we enable a tunable Young's modulus metamaterial with self-sensing via single-electrode-mode triboelectrification, and integrate it into the guidance system of an elevator equipment. The triboelectric outputs from different unit cells are able to reveal the deformation transmission mechanism of the metamaterial, e.g., the sequence of appearance of negative stiffness due to snap-through instability. Our metamaterial reduces the vibration of car dynamics as a shock absorber and monitors such process in real time as a sensor. Moreover, with the aid of deep learning algorithms, our metamaterial realizes the accurate identification of typical guide system excitations in terms of waveform, amplitude and frequency. We believe this study to be the very demonstration of triboelectrically self-sensing mechanical metamaterials for mechanical equipment, paving the way for the intelligence of mechanical systems.

Unveiling the potential of Na2FePO4F@PEG composite as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries

The economic and environmental advantages of Na2FePO4F fluorophosphate have positioned it as a highly promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). This recognition stems from its demonstrated potential to address key challenges in energy storage systems, making it a subject of extensive research and studies.In this paper, the preparation of Na2FePO4F powder through a simplified, upscaling, and cost-effective approach that involves the direct use of phosphoric acid is described, aiming to evaluate its electrochemical performance. The obtained orthorhombic structure (S.G. Pbcn) is mixed with varying percentages of polyethylene glycol as a carbon source (15% and 20%) to generate large specific surfaces, improve electronic conductivity, and achieve an optimized carbon content for these materials. The 15% and 20% PEG-coated Na2FePO4F are evaluated at a 2 - 4 V voltage range at C/15 in Na-half cells using two electrolyte formulations: 5% FEC 1 M NaClO4:PC and 1 M NaPF6:PC. The NaPF6/FEC electrolyte exhibits better electrochemical characteristics and high cycling stability, especially in the case of the 15% PEG-coated material. These findings are also supported by the data from differential plots and rate capabilities, highlighting the potential of the coated material for applications in high-performance energy storage applications.

Performance of a solar parabolic trough concentrator using vacuum linear V-shaped cavity receiver

The popularity of renewable energy is on the rise as fossil fuel resources continue to deplete and environmental pollution levels increase. Consequently, enhancing the performance of renewable energy systems has become a compelling subject of research. This study introduces an innovative structure, the Linear Cavity Receiver (LCR), as a receiver for solar Parabolic Trough Concentrators (PTCs). Notably, this novel structure incorporates a vacuum V-shaped LCR, marking a pioneering achievement worldwide. By adopting this configuration, the solar system’s thermal efficiency is enhanced through the reduction of heat losses. The results confirmed the superiority of the vacuum V-shaped LCR over a non-vacuum receiver in optimizing the performance of the solar PTC system. It was found that the vacuum linear V-shaped cavity receiver exhibited superior efficiency for larger cavity tube diameters, higher inlet temperatures, and lower volume flow rates. Moreover, this study showed that decreasing the cavity tube diameter, increasing solar radiation, reducing the working fluid (WF)’s inlet temperature, and raising the volume flow rate contribute to an increase in both cavity heat gain and the solar system’s thermal efficiency. It can be concluded that the thermal efficiency of the solar system was about 72.24 %, 71.6 %, and 69.9 % for cavity tube diameters 5 mm, 10 mm, and 25 mm, respectively. These findings hold great significance in the design of power-generating PTC systems, ensuring their optimal efficiency. Also, the results of this study can be used to improve energy governance by using more efficient thermal power systems.

Budgeting Behavior: Indonesian Local Government Budget Predictions

Objective: The behaviors of overreaction and underreaction exhibited by public sector budget planners have an impact on the disparity between the initial budget set at the beginning of a period and the actual budget realization at the end of the period. This study aims to examine how budget planners in Indonesia predict budgets for local governments, specifically whether there is a difference in the overreaction or underreaction behavior of public sector budget planners among districts and cities in the South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. Theoretical Framework: This study aims to elucidate the cognitive mechanisms of representativeness bias and the anchoring-adjustment heuristic, which may impact the behavior of individual budget planners in determining budget amounts for future periods and their reliance on past information. Method: This research employs a quantitative approach with a causal and explanatory study design. In this study, the independent variable is the behavior of public sector budget builders, while the accuracy of their predictions for the future budget of the public sector constitutes the dependent variable. The quantitative approach was selected because it aligns with the research's objective of discerning potential misestimations in the behavior of budgeting teams when determining the budgetary allocations for the upcoming year in various patterns or conditions. The research's respondents are the budgeting teams from various districts and cities in the South Sulawesi Province. To test the research subjects, a heuristic of representativeness and anchoring-adjustment is followed when utilizing patterns of revenue realization from previous years (time series). Results and Discussion: This study found that the average Uncertainty in Budget Planner Predictions for Local Governments in each district and city in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is consistent and does not exhibit significant differences. This research is highly significant as it can provide a valuable contribution to public sector budget planners in Indonesia when establishing budget amounts for the forthcoming period. Research Implications: This study seeks to contribute to advancing research in the realm of public sector budgeting in South Sulawesi, particularly by providing an overview of the occurrence of overreaction and underreaction behaviors among the planners of Local Own-Source Revenue (PAD) budgets in South Sulawesi Province. Originality/Value: The novelty of this study lies in the empirical validation of the utilization of the concepts of representativeness and anchoring-adjustment in the behavior of public sector budget planners when determining the budget amounts for the upcoming period.

The Effect of Soaking Feet in Warm Water on the Quality of Sleep in Adolescents

Background: adolescence is a transitional period where individuals experience physical changes and psychological development starting at the age of 12-20 years. These changes can cause problems that affect development, health and sleep quality. To improve sleep quality, foot bath in warm water Objective: to determine the effect of foot bath in warm water on the quality of sleep in adolescents. Research design: two group pre and post test. Research subject: there were 30 students from the Department of Physiotherapy, Health Polytechnic, Surakarta, who were divided into two groups, where group one was given intervention for 7 consecutive days and the research instrument used PSQI. Research result : the independent t-test showed that there was an influence on adolescent sleep quality. Conclusion : foot bath in warm water has an effect on improving the quality of sleep in adolescents.

High Risk Factors and Preventive Measures of Bipolar Disorder After Ischemic Stroke.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a recurrent chronic disease. There are few Chinese studies to explore the BD after ischemic stroke. This study aimed to analyze the high risk factors of BD after ischemic stroke and investigate prevention strategies. 197 patients with ischemic stroke in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as research subjects. The demographic information, clinical data, and scores of Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) and Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) in patients were retrospectively analyzed to count the incidence of BD in patients. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors for BD after ischemic stroke, and preventive measures were discussed based on study results. The incidence of BD in patients with ischemic stroke was 45.18% (89/197), and the median and quartile in the first part of MDQ score was 6.00 (5.00,10.00) points. The subjects were divided into BD group (n = 89) and non-BD group (n = 108) based on the presence of BD in patients with ischemic stroke. Education background (OR = 0.485), lesions involving the frontal or temporal lobes (OR = 2.724), sleep disorders (OR = 2.246), and daily living ability (OR = 3.108) were influencing factors for BD after ischemic stroke (P < .05). The risk of BD after ischemic stroke is high. Based on the above research results, clinical attention should be paid to knowledge popularization, lesion examination, and the improvement of sleep quality and daily living ability, to prevent the occurrence of BD and improve the prognosis.

Comparing Small Water Bodies’ Impact on Subtropical Campus Outdoor Temperature: Measured vs. Simulated Data

This study investigates the impact of small water bodies on outdoor temperatures in their vicinity, using a campus located in the subtropical region of Taichung City, Taiwan, as the research subject. By employing on-site measurements and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, we examined their temporal and spatial influence, as well as comparisons between actual measurements and software predictions. Key findings include the following: (1) Small water bodies exhibit discernible temperature-regulating effects on their surrounding areas. While the influence diminishes with distance, this attenuation is not stark, and is potentially constrained by the water body’s patch size. (2) Regulatory effects vary between day and night. In summer, temperature reductions of up to 3.5 °C (simulated) and 3.2 °C (measured) were observed. Conversely, in winter, daytime temperatures around water bodies may rise by up to 3.9 °C. (3) Discrepancies between CFD simulations and actual measurements, influenced by fluctuations in Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI), range from +2.5 °C to −1.8 °C. During high GHI periods, measured values surpass simulations, whereas during low or zero GHI conditions, simulations exceed measurements. Moreover, high regression analysis R2 values validate the feasibility of CFD simulations for predicting water body-induced temperature changes. Insights from this study offer valuable guidance for urban planners and policymakers seeking sustainable urban climate management strategies.

A Intervention of the DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertention) Diet on Blood Pressure Reduction in the Elderly at BSLU Mandalika

Background: Physical changes in the elderly include changes in the aorta and systemic blood vessels that affect blood pressure. Increased blood pressure in the elderly is a health problem that must be handled properly. The management of hypertension can be done by giving the DASH diet, in this case this study provides an interlude to the DASH diet. Research Methods: This type of research uses a quasi-experimental research design with a randomized pre-test-post-test control group design. Subjects were divided into two groups, namely the treatment group and the control group.Research Results: Most of the subjects in this study were elderly aged 70-74 years (33.3%) in the treatment and 75-80 years (50%) in the control. The research subjects were mostly female, namely 27 elderly (75%). The average body weight for the treatment group was 54.24 kg and the control group was 48.48 kg. The mean blood pressure in both groups before the intervention was higher than the mean blood pressure after the intervention. The results of the paired-t test statistic showed that there was a difference in the mean of systolic (0.000) and diastolic (0.000) blood pressure before and after the intervention. Meanwhile, the two-group difference test showed that there was no difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure before the intervention. However, after the intervention, there was a difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Furthermore, there was an effect of the DASH diet interlude on Systolic blood pressure (p = 0.000) and Diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.034) after the DASH diet snack was given.Conclusion: there is an effect of giving a DASH diet interlude on systolic blood pressure (p=0.000) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.034) after giving the DASH diet snack.

Research on the widths of protective coal pillars in main roadway based on the damaged foundation beam model

Long-term stability of the protective coal pillars in coal mines can ensure normal and safe use of roadways; in turn, the integrity of the roadway plays an important role in safe and efficient mining in coal mines. The initial damage and rheological damage caused by coal-seam excavation disturbance have important influences on the selection of reasonable widths of the protective coal pillars. Based on damage mechanics and the theory of elastic foundation beams, a coupled damage constitutive relationship of rock-like materials is proposed in this work by considering the influence of threshold and residual strength to establish the mechanical model of the elastic damage foundation beam. By theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, the differential equation of the deflection curve of the beam is solved, the influence range of the advance abutment pressure under the condition of coupling damage is obtained, and the width of the protective coal pillar is determined. The results show that compared with the elastic foundation beam model, after considering the coupling damage of coal, the influence range of the advance abutment pressure increases with time over a certain duration. At the end of this duration, the influence range of the advance abutment pressure remains almost unchanged. For the case considered in this paper, the long-term stability of the roadway is guaranteed when the width of the coal pillar is 120 m. The potential interference or change related to the specific situation of the site can be studied by changing the relevant parameters in the model to study different working conditions, or the damage of the roof rock beam during the mining process of the working face can be considered, which will be the subject of further research in the future.

ChatGPT in higher education - a synthesis of the literature and a future research agenda

AbstractChatGPT has emerged as a significant subject of research and exploration, casting a critical spotlight on teaching and learning practices in the higher education domain. This study examines the most influential articles, leading journals, and productive countries concerning citations and publications related to ChatGPT in higher education, while also shedding light on emerging thematic and geographic clusters within research on ChatGPT’s role and challenges in teaching and learning at higher education institutions. Forty-seven research papers from the Scopus database were shortlisted for bibliometric analysis. The findings indicate that the use of ChatGPT in higher education, particularly issues of academic integrity and research, has been studied extensively by scholars in the United States, who have produced the largest volume of publications, alongside the highest number of citations. This study uncovers four distinct thematic clusters (academic integrity, learning environment, student engagement, and scholarly research) and highlights the predominant areas of focus in research related to ChatGPT in higher education, including student examinations, academic integrity, student learning, and field-specific research, through a country-based bibliographic analysis. Plagiarism is a significant concern in the use of ChatGPT, which may reduce students’ ability to produce imaginative, inventive, and original material. This study offers valuable insights into the current state of ChatGPT in higher education literature, providing essential guidance for scholars, researchers, and policymakers.

Rug Pull Cryptocurrency Case Analysis in the Perspective of Indonesian Business Law

Developments in financial technology continue to produce various new products, especially those related to investment in digital assets, or crypto assets. This study investigates the issue of consumer protection under Law No.8/1999 in crypto asset investment. This research uses normative juridical research methods. Juridical aspects such as theories, norms and regulations relating to investment in crypto assets are obtained from literature, books, online media and other sources related to the research subject, namely consumer protection against investment activities in crypto assets. This study tries to explain what reasons are driving the change and urges the government to create new, stricter regulations to protect crypto asset investors.

Characteristics of the mobile problem based learning flipped classroom (mPBLFC) mathematics learning model: a systematic literature review

The problem and the aim of the study. The mPBLFC model combines elements of problem-based learning (PBL) and the flipped classroom, incorporating the use of mobile devices. Problems arise in developing the mPBLFC model, including the combination of PBL steps into a flipped classroom and the integration of mobile technology. This research aims to provide relevant references to serve as a guide for developing the mPBLFC model, specifically designed for mathematics learning. The objective of this study is to scrutinize the attributes of the mPBLFC learning model through a comprehensive literature review. Research methods. This research, conducted through a comprehensive literature review using the PRISMA method, investigates 46 selected articles that have passed through identification (1,000 papers), screening (247 papers), eligibility (90 papers), and inclusion stages (46 papers). These 46 articles provide a general description of the year of publication, research geography, research object, research subject, and the developed model. After obtaining a general overview of the articles, a more in-depth review is conducted regarding the various components of the learning models they have developed. Subsequently, the mPBLFC model is synthesized and can be implemented in mathematics learning. Results. An overview of articles reviewed from 2017–2023 based on geography reveals the following distribution: Southeast Asia (37.14% of the reviewed articles), East Asia (25.71%), the United States (2.86%), West Asia (11.43%), Australia (5.71%), and Europe (5.71%). The distribution of articles based on research objects indicates a focus on mathematics (26%), science (17%), social (7%), and other (50%). Furthermore, articles are distributed based on research subjects across elementary school/SD (6%), middle school/SMP (15%), high school (SMA)/vocational school (SMK) (33%), and higher education/PT (46%).The mPBLFC model is an innovative blend of mobile PBL techniques, incorporating learning activities both before, during, and after classes, all facilitated through mobile devices. The integral components of the learning model encompass (a) learning syntax, (b) support systems, (c) social systems, (d) the reaction principle, and (e) learning effects. Conclusion. These characteristics encompass (a) a targeted focus on mathematics education with the aim of enhancing high school students' critical, computational, and creative thinking skills; (b) a structured approach involving preclass, in-class, and out-of-class learning activities; (c) a fundamental principle emphasizing students' ability to gather, share, and explore various problem-solving strategies while comprehending the steps to solve problems; (d) preclass activities that encompass problem orientation, understanding key concepts, and exploring a variety of problem-solving resources, allowing students to engage independently with diverse learning materials; (e) classroom activities that include discussions, experiments, problem-solving sessions, collaborative information sharing, and presentations, with the teacher transitioning from facilitator and mentor preclass to guide and support students' activities in class; and (f) a positive impact on students, fostering their drive to seek, share, and apply various information while enhancing their problem-solving skills.