Research Says Research Articles

Who Stays and Who Goes: Understanding the Immigration Vote in the 2015 UK General Election

Abstract How do voters choose between a mainstream party and a populist radical right party (PRRP)? Existing research says that PRRP voters share specific attitudinal characteristics, but many mainstream party voters also have these attitudes. Drawing on spatial theories of party competition, voters make their decision to vote for a mainstream party or a PRRP based on their perceived placement of the mainstream party on immigration. Looking at the case of the 2015 United Kingdom (UK) General Election with the British Election Study Panel Survey, I analyse voters that think immigration is the most important issue facing the UK. These are the voters that prioritise the same issue as UK Independence Party (UKIP). The findings show that those who perceive the Conservative Party will reduce immigration are less likely to vote UKIP than those who perceive the Conservative Party will not reduce immigration. This relationship holds even when the respondent is highly Eurosceptic and anti-immigration.

Помочь пациенту с болью без НПВС. Миф или реальность? Что говорят исследования?

Помочь пациенту с болью без НПВС. Миф или реальность? Что говорят исследования?

Data distribution and secure data transmission using IANFIS and MECC in IoT

IoT entities amass a massive quantity of sensing data and transmit it to the cloud for processing as well as reasoning. Such disparate networks raise numerous research questions, say processing, storage, and management of massive data. Though numerous prevailing methodologies are presented, it brings about restricted memory, battery-centered processes, privacy, safety, low processing ability, along with compatibility that directed them to be exposed to disparate attacks, particularly during the data transmission process. To surmount such disadvantages, ‘two’ methods are proposed aimed at IoT data distribution to the cloud utilizing IANFIS in addition to secure transmission of those distributed data utilizing MECC. Initially, the IoT device is authenticated by means of performing registration, login, as well as verification for preventing the device as of unauthorized utilization. Subsequently, the device is accessed to sense the information as of associated objects by utilizing smart sensors; in addition, the communication of disparate IoT sensors is performed by employing the MQTT protocol. Utilizing the IANFIS, this sensed information as of diverse IoT devices is distributed to the specific cloud server. Then by employing the MECC, the data is sent securely to the user. Lastly, the LC is executed by means of HFPGA. To corroborate the proposed system’s effectiveness and correctness, it is compared with existing methodologies and evaluated against relevant metrics.

Setting by ability: Time to start asking questions?

Is the ability part of ability setting really the issue? Adam Riches considers just what the research says about the pros and cons of setting by ability, and the implications for how we organise teaching in our schools

Lockdown and liquor… the effects of COVID‐19 on alcohol consumption

Lockdown and liquor… the effects of <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 on alcohol consumption

Diversifying the Classroom: Masculinity and Intersectionality in (Teacher) Education: A Review of Literature

While much has been written about the gender and demographic divide in the U.S. between the population of students and their teachers, complex gendered, cultural, and socioeconomic forces appear to be widening it. In an effort to reveal the many ways that teacher education programs can attract and retain a more diverse body of candidates, this literature review lays out a general overview of masculinity’s work as it pertains to the socialization of boys and young men in K-12 schools; it examines the influence of gendered, racial, and socio-economic assumptions on both teachers and learners; it looks at the experience of men from a variety of backgrounds in teacher education programs and the obstacles to their attraction and retention; and it looks at what the research says about how teacher education programs can be adapted to better account for the intersection of racial, gendered, and socioeconomic identities. Ultimately, the literature suggests work to be done to disrupt gendered, racial, and cultural assumptions about teacher identity that lead to blind spots in teacher education in hopes of better understanding the sources of and finally bridging the gender and demographic divide.

Myth or Measurement: What Does the New Minimum Wage Research Say About Minimum Wages and Job Loss in the United States?

The disagreement among studies of the employment effects of minimum wages in the United States is well known. What is less well known, and more puzzling, is the absence of agreement on what the research literature says – that is, how economists even summarize the body of evidence on the employment effects of minimum wages. Summaries range from “it is now well-established that higher minimum wages do not reduce employment,” to “the evidence is very mixed with effects centered on zero so there is no basis for a strong conclusion one way or the other,” to “most evidence points to adverse employment effects.” We explore the question of what conclusions can be drawn from the literature, focusing on the evidence using subnational minimum wage variation within the United States that has dominated the research landscape since the early 1990s. To accomplish this, we assembled the entire set of published studies in this literature and identified the core estimates that support the conclusions from each study, in most cases relying on responses from the researchers who wrote these papers.Our key conclusions are: (i) there is a clear preponderance of negative estimates in the literature; (ii) this evidence is stronger for teens and young adults as well as the less-educated; (iii) the evidence from studies of directly-affected workers points even more strongly to negative employment effects; and (iv) the evidence from studies of low-wage industries is less one-sided. Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber.org.

Float or sink: a solution to the resident burn-out crisis?

Introduction&#x0D; As medical students, we were always told that medicine is a tough road. The training is gruelling with endless hours of studying, patient care, and considerable sacrifices in our personal lives. Many came into this profession ready for long hours and difficult training. However, until residency, it is tough to envision what the experience really entails. &#x0D; Recently, a debate erupted in the Medical Twitter universe when Dr. Colleen Farrell, an Internal Medicine resident at Bellevue Hospital in New York, wrote a tweet decrying 27-hour resident call shifts as inhumane. Dr. Farrell argued that residents and staff physicians deserve protection against harsh working hours and conditions on par with workers in unionized professions. For instance, the Ontario Nurses Association closely regulates how long nurses can work in a given day with the minimal time nurses must receive for breaks1. The ensuing debate saw numerous residents and staff physicians joining the conversation on either side of the argument. Many physicians argued that extended call shifts are a necessary part of resident training which equips residents to work effectively and independently in future demanding roles. On the other hand, many suggest that the lack of adequate rest and humane working hours leaves residents ill-prepared to make decisions and may hinder patient care. In the end, Dr. Farrell received heavy backlash that led to her taking a break from Twitter.&#x0D; But what does the research say? Does reducing working hours improve resident wellness and patient safety? What is the impact on resident education? Can there be a way to balance resident wellness with competency and quality of care?

The turnover contagion process: An integrative review of theoretical and empirical research

SummaryEmployee turnover has long been considered a prominent concern for managers because it is associated with expenses, such as loss of productivity and replacement costs. Moreover, employee turnover is also detrimental to an organization because it may stimulate additional incidents of turnover within the workplace. That is, employee turnover can be “contagious” in that employees tend to imitate the turnover‐related attitudes and behaviors of their coworkers. To date, the “turnover contagion” phenomenon has been investigated from multiple perspectives, splintering this research into several, seemingly distinct topics. Because of such diverse approaches to studying the spread of turnover, we lack a clear perspective on what turnover contagion is, how the turnover contagion process unfolds, and how to manage it. To resolve the ambiguities surrounding the turnover contagion process, we review 42 research papers relevant to the turnover contagion process. Based on our review, we present an integrated perspective on “turnover contagion” that clearly delineates this phenomenon, describes what the extant research says about how coworker turnover processes impact employees' propensities to leave, and offers future research directions with the potential to deepen our understanding and management of turnover contagion.

“Standing in the Gap”: The Continued Importance of Culturally Competent Therapeutic Interventions for Black Youth

ABSTRACT The mental health status of Black youth is a complex interplay of resilience in the face of risk. Basic and applied research on cultural considerations for Black youth and their families has proliferated over the past few decades – elucidating a number of protective and promotive factors. Nevertheless, there remains a very significant gap between what research and practice say concerning culturally relevant processes and what is routinely done in clinical practice. This article is offered as an attempt to assist applied researchers and clinicians in reducing this gap. To that end, we 1) review the extant literature on culturally relevant factors that positively impact Black youth mental health; 2) articulate how applied research and clinical guidelines have attempted to incorporate these factors into therapeutic practice; and 3) outline a set of recommendations and best practices to optimize the evidence base concerning Black youth, setting the stage for optimal mental health outcomes for these youth and their families.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) – ‘Zoom’ Application Boon or Bane

Advances in communication technologies offer new opportunities for the conduct of qualitative research. Among these, Zoom—an innovative videoconferencing platform—has a number of unique features that enhance its potential appeal to qualitative and mixed-methods researchers. Zoom has become nearly synonymous with office meetings and socializing as people around the world have adapted to life at home amid the coronavirus outbreak. That has put the roughly 9-year-old company in the spotlight more than ever before - for both the good and the bad, as an onslaught of security issues have come to light.As the coronavirus pandemic forced millions of people to stay home over the past month, Zoom suddenly became the video meeting service of choice: Daily meeting participants on the platform surged from 10 million in December to 200 million in March.Many Cybersecurity research companies research says that it found security flaws in videoconferencing platform Zoom that would have allowed a potential hacker to join a video meeting uninvited and listen in, potentially accessing any files or information shared during the meeting. While Zoom has addressed the issue, the report raises deeper concerns about the safety of videoconferencing apps that require access to microphones and cameras.

Training paraprofessionals who work with students with intellectual and developmental disabilities: What does the research say?

AbstractFederal law allows for paraprofessionals to provide instruction to students with developmental disabilities if they are adequately trained and supervised, but how to best provide this training and support remains unclear. In this paper, we update a systematic review of experimental studies that test the efficacy of paraprofessional‐implemented interventions for students with developmental disabilities. We identified 36 studies published 2012–2019. An exciting development is that some researchers are shifting to testing teacher‐implemented training, therefore beginning to address important questions about the feasibility of widespread implementation under real‐world conditions. Based on findings across studies, recommendations for practice include that (a) paraprofessional roles be well‐defined and focused on the implementation of evidence‐based practices; (b) paraprofessional training should feature modeling, an implementation checklist, and performance feedback that is sustained over time; and (c) administrators should ensure that teachers have the time and support that are required for effective paraprofessional training and supervision.

The importance of faith-based mental healthcare in African urbanized sites.

This review highlights what current research says about how local beliefs and norms can facilitate expansion of mental healthcare to meet the large unmet need for services in Africa. In contemporary Africa, religious beliefs exert important influences on mental health as well as the way people with mental illnesses are viewed and cared for. Mental healthcare practices based on traditional and other religious beliefs, and offered by complementary and alternative health providers (CAPs), reflect the people's culture and are often preferentially sought by a majority of the population. Despite important differences in the worldviews of CAPs and biomedical mental healthcare practitioners in regard to causal explanations, there are nevertheless overlaps in the approaches of both sectors to the management of mental health conditions. These overlaps may provide a platform for collaboration and facilitate the scaling-up of evidence-based mental health services to underserved African populations, especially those residing in ever-expanding urban centres. Faith-based mental healthcare is an important but informal component of the mental health system in much of Africa. Collaboration between its practitioners and biomedical practice may help to bridge the large treatment gap for mental health conditions on the continent.

What Does Academic Research Say about Short-Selling Bans?

As a reaction to higher market volatility due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, in March 2020 some financial regulators imposed short-selling bans on equity markets. Their argument is that short-selling exacerbates downward price movements, thus being responsible for heightened volatility and reduced market confidence. This paper reviews the academic literature on short-selling and short-selling bans, comparing the arguments against banning short-selling with the arguments in favour. We find that the evidence almost unanimously points towards short-selling bans being disruptive for the orderly functioning of markets, as they are found to reduce liquidity, increase price inefficiency and hamper price discovery. In addition, short-selling bans are found to have negative spillover effects on other markets, for example option markets. According to the literature, during periods of price decline and heightened volatility, short-sellers do not behave differently from any other traders, and contribute less to price declines than regular ‘long’ sellers. As research has shown that short-selling bans are more deleterious to markets characterized by a relatively high amount of small stocks, low levels of fragmentation, and fewer alternatives to short-selling, emerging markets should be particularly wary of bans on short-selling.

Opening the \u2018black box\u2019: what does observational research reveal about processes and practices of governing?

Despite several decades of research on governance, very little is known about processes and practices of governing and, crucially, the links between governing and organisational performance. This has led to calls to penetrate the ‘black box’ of the boardroom by conducting research which draws on data gathered through direct observation. Such calls, however, have so far produced a rather sparse and inchoate literature which would benefit from review in order to give shape to the field and provide direction for future research. Here, we critically examine the findings of this research, focusing on three emergent themes: (1) the extent to which empirical research supports the established theories in the field, particularly agency and stewardship theories; (2) what research says about ‘good’ and ‘effective’ governance and the relationship between them; and (3) the methodological and conceptual orientations which frame this research, and the claims made for ‘processual’ approaches. We conclude with an agenda for taking the field forward in order to extend knowledge and to contribute to theory around governing.

Abstract NS1: Implementation Science Study Suggests That Key Concepts of Systems of Stroke Care Are Missing or Not Fully Implemented

Background and Purpose: The timely integration of high quality scientific evidence into daily patient care practices is an issue that has been around for decades. Newer research says it may take even longer for practitioners to stop unnecessary practices. What is evident is that there is a need to shorten the time from discovery to practice with an expectation of improved outcomes and control of heath care spending. Understanding the extent to which concepts (research) of stroke systems have been implemented (practice) within a region, can result in meaningful system improvement. We sought to evaluate the current state of systems in the southeastern United States to inform the development of a large-scale implementation science system of care improvement program. Methods: An 85 question, internet-based survey was developed to obtain information on current practices in sites located in the southeastern US. Data was collected in October, 2017. A total of 13 stroke centers from 3 states participated. We used the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) data base; simple calculations were used where appropriate. Results 911: 50% of sites knew that 911 used a stroke screening tool. EMS: 69% allowed EMS bypass of Emergency Department (ED) to the Computerized Tomography (CT) scanner, 67% of EMS have destination plans, and 33% have stroke severity scales. ED: 50-86 % of victims arrive by EMS, 62% allowed the Register Nurse (RN) to activate the code, and 62% have CT scanners in ED. Reversal Agents: 20% of sites have available in ED. Transfer: 24% of transfer patients go directly to Interventional Radiology (IR) lab for Suspected LVO, 33% track door in door out at the referral center, 31% transport time, and 31% first hospital to groin. QI: 83% collect pre-hospital metrics manually, 42% have data immediately available, and 67% have regional meetings. Conclusions: The American Heart Association outlines key concepts for Systems of Stroke Care for adoption but few have been able to fully implement the recommendations. The survey results demonstrate application of key components are still missing or not fully implemented. Implementation science programs have the tools to mentor sites into full application of the systems recommendations which will ultimately improve outcomes.

AGENTS IN THE PROCESS OF INCULTURATION: FRIEND OR FOE?

Purpose: This article looks at the role played by agents: the people responsible for articulating and implementing inculturation in Africa. The article asks the simple question of are these agents useful or a hindrance in the process of inculturation? The article begins by identifying these agents then discusses the challenges they face in the process of inculturation. The article concludes by giving a way forward and that is an integrated approach in inculturation.Methodology: This study will review the available literature on the subject with a view to examining what previous research says concerning the role of the agents, that is human beings, in the process of inculturation. This was done with the main objective of examining the challenges that he agents of inculturation face, and concluding by exploring an integrated approach to inculturation, where all the agents are brought on board. Findings: This study found out that if inculturation is to truly take root in African Christianity, it must bring on board all actors, not just Church leaders, and trained theologians, but also the laity. All these actors also need to overcome some of the challenges that have hindered the prospects of inculturation which include but not limited to fear of syncretism, lack of enthusiasm by some Church leaders, answering the question of culture in a post-modern and globalized world.Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This paper will offer unique contributions to policies and practices governing the attempts to make the Church in Africa truly African by proposing a re-evaluation of the way inculturation has been carried out in the past. This has tended to be spearheaded by professional theologians and some church leaders, neglecting the biggest constituency in the entire process, and that is the consumer of inculturational processes; the laity.

THE EFFECT OF CURRENT RATIO (CR), DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER), TOTAL ASSET TURNOVER (TAT) AND FIRMS SIZE (FS) TO RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE) IN MINING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE IN 2013 -2018.

This research was conducted to know and analysis the effect of Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Total Asset Turnover (TAT) and Firm Size (FS) on Return on Equity (ROE) in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013 -2018. The study was conducted using multiple linear regression methods.The results of research say that simultaneously Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Total Asset Turnover (TAT) and Firm Size (FS) have a significant effect on Return on Equity (ROE. The test results show that Partially Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Firm Size (FS) have a positive and significant effect on Return on Equity (ROE). While Total Asset Turnover (TAT) has a positive and significant effect on Return on Equity (ROE). On the other hypothesis testing, Current Ratio (CR) has no significant effect on Return on Equity (ROE).

PT. ANGKASA PURA II (PERSERO) STRATEGY IN INCREASING THE NUMBER OF FOREIGN TOURIST ARRIVAL (FTA)

The focus of this Journal is to know PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) strategy in increasing the number of Foreign Tourist Arrival (FTA) with Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT) Soekarno-Hatta International Airport Development. The type of research in this study is descriptive research. Techniques of data collection are from interviews, observation, and literature. The result of this research says that in building Soekarno-Hatta International Airport Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT) there is some marketing strategy in offering new routes to airlines, such as roadshow, inviting airlines, and bring in airlines. The process of opening new routes takes a long time, depending on the duration of internal airline coordination. For marketing LCCT to the public, PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) together with the Ministry of Tourism is making a promotion video that will disseminate in and outside the country. Keyword: Foreign Tourist Arrival (FTA), Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT), roadshow, airlines, marketing strategy

Secured Communication for Remote Bio-Medical Monitoring System Using LoRa

Recent advancement in IoT technology made profound changes in life style of people. Ease of access of information through smart phones becomes attractive. Everyone like to access datas through their smart phones. IoT enabled application fulfils this requirements. Researchers focusses on developing the Smart monitoring system using IoT. Since these IoT applications uses existing cellular network for accessing internet. Research says that 50 Billion devices will be willed worldwide in 2020. Providing connectivity to these applications is a challenging task. The existing 4G-LTE network could not support for these much number of devices. Hence an alternative IoT-LoRa network is proposed for these type of application. In this research, a special application in Bio-Medical monitoring System is developed using LoRa Communication. BioMedical Parameters like Weight, Blood Pressure, Heart beat, Body temperature are measured, encrypted using AES to provide security and transmitted using LoRa to monitoring system through Gateway. The developed system satisfies the need for elderly persons suffering from disabilities and reduces the time for the care taker to monitor the data. Also the proposed system is highly secured. Our research says, in near future IoT will play vital role in Bio Medical application and Connectivity, Security will be some of the challenging issues in implementation. Without addressing these problems, Bio-Medical Monitoring System cannot be prognosticated. Finally the potentiality of IoT in Medical field is discussed.