Religious Doctrine Research Articles

Science and Islamic ethics: Navigating artificial womb technology through Quranic principles

This paper explores the complex interplay between scientific innovation and religious ethics, with a specific focus on the ethical implications of Artificial Womb Technology (AWT) as interpreted through the lens of Quranic teachings on the essence of life. The objective is to meld the burgeoning field of reproductive technologies with the foundational principles of Islamic theology through an examination of Islamic jurisprudential rulings, contemporary bioethical discourse and innovations in reproductive technology. In addition to attention given to the compatibility of AWT with Islamic teachings concerning the sanctity of life, there is also a focus on the concept of motherhood and the preservation of family structure. This study undertakes an extensive exploration of both historical and contemporary interpretations of Islamic precepts, culminating in the establishment of an ethical framework. This framework is designed to harmonise religious doctrines with the exigencies of reproductive science by proposing normative guidelines for the ethical implementation of AWT and similar technologies. This paper makes a substantial contribution to academic discourse on science and religion by integrating advancements in reproductive health technology with moral principles intrinsic to the Islamic faith.

Women Ulema's Perceptions of Efforts to Resolve Patriarchal Hegemony in Pesantren

Students with all the activities they undertake, have responsibility for their environment, because they both have complementary responsibilities. Various activities that require order from the students, of course, must be done together without exception looking at gender (men and women have the same position), but the reality that occurs is that patriarchal culture often corners women (santriwati) as objects of gender injustice. This article aims to see how the perception of Women Ulema towards efforts to resolve patriarchal hegemony in Islamic boarding schools. The data was obtained through interviews with Female Ulama, namely Nyai, who also plays a role in the academic field. The results of this research found several efforts to resolve patriarchal hegemony in Islamic boarding schools, namely by improving the learning system in Islamic boarding schools, training leadership, conducting conservative education, reframing the understanding of religious doctrines that are not women-friendly and fair in dividing tasks between male and female students and prioritizing human values (humanization). So this research is very interesting and becomes a new study because it focuses on solving women's resistance efforts that have not been able to tear down patriarchal fortresses.

Integrating the Gap Between Faith Education and Christian Learning in the Indonesian Context with a Christian Worldview

In Indonesia, there is a striking contrast between faith education and Christian learning, which raises major questions regarding integration. Faith education is often associated with worship and character formation in the church, while schools are expected to strengthen Christian values. Understanding Christianity in the concept of worldview is very important, stressing the Christian's responsibility to live in the world, not of the world. This research used qualitative methods, including surveys and thematic analysis, which produced three main findings. First, faith education is usually carried out in religious schools, in line with specific religious doctrines, whereas Christian learning involves systematic exposure to Christian teachings. Second, religious education in Indonesia aims to overcome inter-religious disorders, while Christian education seeks to understand God's will. Research puts forward the concept of a universal worldview as a means of bridging this gap. Three proposed approaches are Teaching for commitment, Teaching for commitment Teaching about commitment, and Teaching from commitment.

Society, Suspicion, and the Supernatural: The Factors Behind the Salem Witch Trials

The Salem witch trials of 1692-1693 evolved out of the factors of religious fanaticism controlling Massachusetts society, patriarchal constructs that negatively impacted the views of and the actions of women, white North American constructs of race and ethnicity, interpersonal and societal tensions, and the aftermath of King Philip’s War. Religious domination of Salem life espoused conformity, the supernatural as an explanation for negative events, and the dangers of secularism. Samuel Parris played upon these factors of the Puritan religion, along with the tensions between Salem Village and Salem Town, to spur the start of the witch trials, as he was personally affected by a supernatural bewitching. Puritan women, whether afflicted or accused, were subject to extreme notions of conformity and religious doctrine that maintained the inherent sinfulness of women but found avenues of power through accusing others of witchcraft or behaving as an afflicted. Parris’ slave, Tituba, represents the racial and ethnic outsider, whose Native American heritage cast her as the propagator of Salem’s demonic activity, but who was able to find power by upending the racial hierarchy the community had created. Economic tensions between Salem Town and Salem Village were highlighted in the witchcraft accusations and were exacerbated by religious differences and climate conditions. King Philip’s War impacted Salem’s concepts of Native Americans as demonic witches, highlighted the existence of religious enemies, diminished the authority of government, and increased Puritan awareness of sin.

Theological Opportunity Structures and Christian Right Resistance Against the Liberalization of Family Laws in Norway

This article is a qualitative study of a Christian Right Party in Norway and its origin and growth as a reaction against the liberalization of laws pertaining to same-sex marriage, the adoption of children by same-sex couples, and other family-related matters. In order to analyze the contribution of religion in this political party, and in the movement from which it developed, the article introduces the concept of theological opportunity structures, which is a specific type of discursive opportunity structure. The concept of theological opportunity structures foregrounds the role of religious beliefs, doctrines, and narratives in politics as opposed to the institutional dimensions of religion. It is offered as a theoretical construct to improve analysis of the role of religion in politics.

A History of Chinese Scholarship: Cantered on Chinese Islam Religion Studies

Research on about the Islamic religious doctrine and theology an extremely important role in Islamic studies. After the introduction of Islam to China, it gradually evolved into its own unique sectarian system, known as the "three major sects" and the "four menhuan". The research in the fields of doctrine and theology gradually progressed after the reform and opening up, and its research methods and many other limitations were not fully developed. Since the beginning of the 21st century, there have been new changes in the research in this field, not only a number of new achievements have emerged, but also a relatively systematic disciplinary system has been formed. Furthermore, Jingtang Jiaoyu (religious education) as an important component of Islamic religious education in China, the initiation of scripture education was carried out by Hudengzhou, in Shaanxi during the Ming Dynasty. This education has gone through the early development of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, as well as before and after the Xinhai Revolution, and has a history of over 400 years. Jingtang Jiaoyu (religious education) is constantly improving at different stages of development, adapting to the trend of the times. However, since the 20th century, it has basically not been improved or developed, especially in the northwest region, where medieval conditions have been preserved and it is difficult to be accepted by the mainstream education system. In this paper, the research history of Islamic teaching in China by the Chinese academic community is taken as the research object, and a detailed introduction is given to the evolution of this research field.

Interferențe interculturale referitoare la dialogul dintre știintă și religie

The article delves into the dynamic interaction between science and religion, highlighting both historical conflicts and moments of mutual cooperation. It focuses on how cosmological paradigms and ethical principles from both fields intertwine, shaping religious doctrines' interpretations and our perception of the universe. Particularly notable is how recent scientific discoveries reinterpret and adapt the fundamental meanings of sacred texts, underscoring the critical importance of ongoing dialogue between science and religion in developing a holistic and integrated view of reality.

Политическая эсхатология и французская революция: библиографический обзор

Eschatology is a religious doctrine about the coming end of the world and the coming of a new age. Beginning with the French Revolution, eschatology acquired a political content. This review article features a recommended bibliography of academic works about the French Revolution and other revolutions between 1768-1815. The bibliographical list is divided into thematical groups and contains the author’s commentaries thus allowing those interested in the topic to easily navigate through the suggested literature.

Interelasi Argumen-Argumen dan Kritik Tentang Eksistensi Tuhan dengan Religiositas Manusia

Humans as Homo religiosus, driven by their intellectual instincts, often revisit questions about the existence of God. The presence of religious doctrines that encourage humans to contemplate more about God’s creation rather than His essence raises the question of whether there is still an interrelation between discussions on divinity and human religiosity when that is pursued. This study investigates the arguments for God’s existence, the critiques of these arguments, and their interrelation with human religiosity. The aim is to clarify the understanding of human religiosity while creating a space for critical and in-depth dialogue. This research employs a library research method, gathering data from books, journal articles, and other relevant literature. A philosophical approach and qualitative analysis techniques are used. The findings of this article, include: First, the arguments for God’s existence, whether apriori or aposteriori, each face unavoidable criticisms. These arguments are efforts to justify faith within religiosity. Second, the critiques, in the context of Homo religiosus, provide opportunities to reflect and reassess understanding of God and related beliefs. Third, the inconsistencies or incompleteness in arguments for God’s existence reflect the nature of knowledge and reality that can be understood as consistent and complete at the same time if only at a higher level of infinity. The limitations within each available argument can be understood as something that drives self-awareness toward a more inclusive and profound level of religiosity.

Between Tradition and Religious Doctrine: Questioning Kiai’s Status as Zakāt Recipient

Commonly, people pay their zakāt to aṣnāf groups based on their preferences and considerations. However, in Madura, the distribution of zakāt continues to adhere to the traditional notion, wherein it is mainly allocated and prioritized to kiai. This faces a debatable phenomenon whether Kiai could be zakāt recipients or not. Therefore, this research aims to explore the diversification role of Kiai in zakāt payment and describe the theological and social construction among zakāt payment in Madura. The present study employed qualitative research methodologies, specifically utilizing interviews as the primary data collection technique. The participants in this study included kiai, community members, and leaders from Madurese community. This research study indicates that the Madurese Muslim community designates kiai as mustahīqq zakāt under masākīn, fī sabīlillāh, and amīl categories. The diversification of the Kiai’s role is predicated upon the theological perspective held by Madurese Muslim community which posits that the kiai is a rightful recipient of zakāt. Additionally, Madurese Muslim community keeps a social perception that kiai is a revered individual deserving of compensation. Consequently, even though Madurese people understand the existence of religious doctrine to whom they have to spend zakāt, they still prioritize giving zakāt to kiai as the result of their typical social construction.

Program to Increase Literacy Understanding of Islamic Religion in Payadapur Village, East Kluet District, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam

This research is research carried out in the community service program carried out by KKNT STAI As-Sunnah Lecturers and Students with programs to increase literacy for understanding the Islamic religion towards society. It is very important to implement it because of the importance of strengthening literacy in the Islamic religion. Religious literacy helps someone understand the principles -the basic principles of their religion, including religious beliefs, doctrines, and practices. This research aims to assist in developing a deeper understanding of religious teachings and how to apply them in everyday life. This research uses the PAR Participatory Action Research method, PAR is an approach whose process aims at learning in overcoming problems and meeting the practical needs of society, as well as the production of knowledge and processes. socio-religious change and Strengthening Religious Identity. Understanding religion well can strengthen a person's religious identity. Thus, religious literacy plays an important role in the formation of individuals who are tolerant, educated and empowered in a social and spiritual context. This Religious Literacy Program practically needs to be implemented, because of the lack of attention from stakeholders towards the community, especially towards understanding and knowledge of the Islamic religion of the community itself.

Self-Help Movement and the Change Process of Recovery

The path of recovery from both addiction and trauma to resilience and transformation is rooted in the concept that all life is a balance between spirit and matter. Caring for the spiritual and physical selves requires self-reflection regarding life experiences and personal constructs. The central issue to positive mental health and the resolution of life problems, such as alcohol or drug addiction, gambling, abuse, etc., is partly vested in a robust management system that impacts an individual’s cultural and social support system. The demise of supportive communities is one of the significant losses of modern life. The self-help movement of Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step programs have always provided social support and encouragement to reflect on behaviors, motivations, and patterns that support healthy lifestyle changes. While it is not necessary for a recovering person to be religious, the movement may draw parallels to various spiritual and religious doctrines that recovering persons subscribe to; therefore, drawing these parallels only strengthens a person’s chances for long-term recovery

Creating Core Cultural Values for Building Excellent Schools: Current Situation and Solutions for Schools in Vietnam

In the world, building excellent schools often relies on a certain school model. For example, models such as “Happy School”, “Amazing School”, “Cultural School”, “BrandSchool”, and “Student-Centered Schools” have been implemented quite successfully. Thecommon purpose of these models is to create an excellent school; the core of these models is the core cultural values. Through studying the models, the article draws out the corecultural values to create an excellent school. Community culture, religious doctrines, laws, state management policies, and knowledge management are factors that influence school culture and are also mentioned. Based on that, a survey was conducted with 1,517 subjects including school managers, teachers, and parents of students at preschool, primary, lower secondary, and upper secondary levels representing four different regions of Vietnam. Theresults show that school managers can express very well the school's vision and missionbut have a vague perception of the essence of school culture and the specific approachtobuilding school culture. In management, school principals lack creative measures in bothapproaching general culture and in creating core cultural values for the school; theinfluence of the impacting factors has not been effectively utilized; therefore, the results of building excellent schools are very limited. Solutions to build excellent schools bycreating core cultural values are proposed in the context of Vietnam and can be referencedfor countries with similar conditions.

The Interaction of the Holy Qur'an with the World

The Holy Qur'an has played a significant role in shaping human society. In a time when ignorance and superstitions prevailed, the Qur'an emerged as a beacon of knowledge, culture, and dignity. Through the teachings of the Messenger of Allah, spirituality, education, and literacy reached new heights. The depth and sophistication of the Qur'anic teachings have the ability to impress any intellect. Revealed in a society plagued by injustice, the Qur'an, as the word of the Lord of the Universe, transformed a society living in ignorance into a model for the world,. The Prophet used the Qur'an to guide people towards virtue. Historical accounts demonstrate that the Qur'an emphasizes the importance of considering the thoughts and feelings of others when engaging in preaching and outreach activities. For instance, the speech delivered by the Muslim leader Ja'far bin Abitwalib in the presence of Quraysh leaders to secure the release of Muslims who had migrated to Ethiopia accurately reflects the moral and human transformations brought about by the Prophet (PBUH) in Arabia. According to the perspective presented in the Qur'an, the fundamental worldview of humanity was cantered on 'Tawhid'. All genuine religious doctrines share commonalities. Minor variations may exist in the specifics of traditions and practices. Religions were established by imparting the essence of God, such as duality, trinity, and plurality. One of the objectives of the Qur'an is to structure human existence on a foundation of ethics, fostering harmony between human life and other forms of life.

Islamic Education And Democracy: Harmonizing Faith And Civic Engagement

This study explores the intersection of Islamic education and democratic principles, focusing on their historical context and core tenets. Historically, Islamic education has emphasized knowledge, ethics, and community welfare, aligning with many democratic ideals such as equality and civic engagement. This research examines the compatibility between Islamic values and democratic principles, arguing that both systems advocate for justice, participation, and the common good. However, integrating these frameworks presents challenges, including criticisms regarding potential conflicts between religious doctrines and democratic freedoms. Despite these challenges, the benefits of harmonizing Islamic education with democracy are significant. Such integration can foster a more inclusive, ethically grounded civic society, enhancing mutual respect and cooperation. This study aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on how educational practices rooted in Islamic teachings can enrich democratic processes, ultimately promoting a balanced approach to faith and civic responsibility.

Digitisasi arsip dan doktrin religius pada komunitas Kristen Mormon

Introduction. This research examines two questions: first, what is the relationship between archive digitalization and religious doctrines within the Mormon Christian Community? Second, how do these implications affect the interpretation of archival spirituality? The Mormon Christian Community has developed archival institutions as one of the early organizational units and established the world's largest digital genealogical archive site. This site is open and accessible to anyone. However, studies on the connection between archive digitalization and Mormon religious doctrines are still relatively scarce. Data Collection Methods. The research used a qualitative method based on archival research and was conducted in Indonesia from July to October 2022. Data Analysis. The researchers used technical data analysis techniques such as selection, reduction, categorization, and conceptualization. Results and Discussion. The familysearch.org site is a digital genealogical archive portal developed by the Mormon Christian Community. This portal evidences that archival spirituality within this community encompasses the comprehensive management of archives legitimized and oriented toward religious doctrines. Conclusion. Archive digitalization is a part of sacred practices. In this context, archival spirituality occurs as archive management receives legitimacy and orientation from religious doctrines. Therefore, religious communities can advance archive digitalization by employing religious doctrines as a basis.

Rethinking Justice: Unraveling the Tapestry of Justice in Islamic and Western Philosophies

Throughout human civilization, justice has been an enduring value, evolving through continuous advocacy. Fueled by human reason, individuals consistently elevate their standards, leading to the transformation of justice derived from natural law, societal changes, and religious doctrines. This dynamic process signifies that humanity, along with its cultures, laws, and justice perceptions, progresses rather than regresses—growing more intricate, sophisticated, and advanced. This article delves into the development of justice concepts in Islamic and Western cultures across classical, modern, postmodern, and contemporary eras. Utilizing a philosophical approach, it argues that justice undergoes a developmental evolution in both cultures—from discussions in the context of natural law to exploring religious justice and culminating in discussions of social justice. Despite epistemological differences, both Islamic and Western cultures remain inseparable from justice principles: enforcing justice, presupposing equality, aligning with truth, embodying equilibrium, and positioning things rightly.

Interaction of politics and religion as a factor in shaping the religious culture of Kyrgyzstan’s youth

Democracy and frequent changes of government in Kyrgyzstan contribute to the spread of various religious movements in the country. Social processes, political shifts and the spread of radical religious ideas among young people emphasize the relevance of this study. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of Kyrgyzstan's religious policy on the religious consciousness of contemporary youth. The study used general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, historical and critical, comparative, dialectical, as well as empirical methods of surveys and questionnaires. The study showed that the religious policy of Kyrgyzstan is characterized by democracy and liberalism, based on the secular nature of the state. Kyrgyzstan is a multi-confessional country, with more than 30 religions. The vast majority of Kyrgyzstan's population are Sunni Muslims, and the second most common religious denomination is Orthodox Christianity. Since 1991, Kyrgyzstan has witnessed a process of Islamization, and non-traditional religious movements, both Islamic and other religious doctrines, have also penetrated and gained popularity in the country. The state's liberal policy in the field of religion facilitates the penetration of non-traditional religious organizations from abroad into Kyrgyzstan. Young people are particularly susceptible to new religious movements. This phenomenon can lead to the spread of radical religious ideas among the youth of Kyrgyzstan. In this regard, the state should pay closer attention to the policy in the field of religion. The practical value of the work is determined by the fact that its results can be useful in further research on this issue.

Beyond the veil: Popular culture, morality and the afterlife in contemporary society

Ongoing interest in the afterlife serves to navigate existential crises by offering solace or amplifying anxieties about death. Popular cultural narratives, deeply intertwined with religious doctrines, serve as interpretative frameworks for understanding human experiences, ethical conduct and the mysteries of death. This Special Issue, then, explores how, in an increasingly secular world, the afterlife is portrayed in media narratives, which, while primarily aimed at entertainment, also respond to deep-seated existential and moral questions. It discusses how these portrayals offer a mix of hope, happiness and moral guidance, reflecting broader societal values and beliefs about life, death and what lies beyond. This collection of scholarly contributions aims to dissect the portrayal of morality and religion in media representations of the afterlife, examining how these portrayals reflect, critique or reinforce societal norms and values. By focusing on themes such as digital immortality and the supernatural, the Special Issue not only highlights the evolving nature of afterlife narratives but also underscores the role of popular culture in navigating and negotiating the existential dilemmas of the twenty-first century.

LITERARY IMPACTS OF DOCTRINES “JUST WAR AND JIHAD” IN THE CIVILIZATION MOVEMENT

The movement of civilization over the ages includes several fields of knowledge related to cultural, religious, economic, and scientific aspects. Moreover, every civilization has different interests and targets trying to achieve them. On the other hand, the civilizations can classify to two ones: western and eastern. Then, these classifications have led to a sort of differences and then conflict resulting from the difference of directions of knowledge mentioned. So, the religions and their outputs due to disagreement on the practical lifestyle generated a vast gap among societies, especially after the era of globalization as well.Thus, the research highlights the religious doctrine of fighting others based on Islamic and Christian concepts. The paper starts highlighting the civilization and its main aspects. Then, how the difference of the fighting doctrines for Islam adopting ‘Jihad’ and Christianity adopting ‘Just War’ impacts on the attitudes of leaderships and societies as well.