Relevant Articles Research Articles

Behavioral Public Administration (BPA): The Need for a New Field (Literature Review)

Modern scientific literature agrees on the issue that it is impossible to perceive public administration as a separate field. Public administration as a field, by general definition, includes the implementation of public policy and the structure and work of various actors (state or non-state) involved in the implementation process. Due to the voluminous nature of the mentioned field, it is not appropriate to consider them separately, because the organizations involved in the process of public policy implementation are not self-generated structures but each organization relies on human resources. Therefore, in the agenda of the scientific space, together with the research in the field of public administration, there was a need to use the results of the research of behavioral science.
 The paper specifically deals with the issue of analyzing the necessity of behavioral public administration as a field, which is analyzed through a literature review. The sources used to analyze the mentioned issue include relevant scientific articles and books.
 The purpose of the study is to determine and analyze the connection between behavioral science and the field of public administration, and the effectiveness of their combination, which leads to the broader goal of the study, which should answer the question of the necessity and effectiveness of the existence of behavioral public administration as a field.
 The relevance of the research stems from the broad nature of the field of public administration, which puts on the agenda the need to combine the achievements of various adjacent fields.

Exploring strategies for pet owners experiencing homelessness: A rapid scoping review

Abstract Approximately 10% of homeless individuals keep pets, but little information exists on specific interventions for this population. The aim of this rapid review is to describe what is currently known about intervention strategies for improving the health of homeless pet owners and their companion animals to identify knowledge gaps and inform future research and interventions. A database search of PubMed and Embase was conducted, and relevant articles were divided into primary research studies and “white papers” reporting proposed or attempted interventions, with each group analyzed separately. Common intervention strategies found across the literature were then summarized in narrative form. Nineteen articles fit the inclusion criteria, including 6 original research studies, 9 case reports and 4 narrative reviews. From analysis of these articles, 5 common intervention strategies emerged, including: (1) Free veterinary clinics, (2) Joint human/animal clinics, (3) Stigma reduction, (4) Interdisciplinary relationships and (5) Pet-friendly lodging. Studies on this population exhibited significant heterogeneity, and further program evaluation is needed to recommend intervention best practices. Joint human/animal clinics and interdisciplinary partnerships are promising avenues for evaluating interventions and improving health outcomes.

Potential Therapeutic Application and Mechanism of Action of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease that affects nearly 3.41 million people globally, with 90% of the cases affecting women of childbearing age. SLE is a complex disease due to the interplay of various immunological pathways and mechanisms. This scoping review aims to highlight the latest research findings on the therapeutic mechanisms of action of EVs in SLE. Relevant research articles were identified using the PRISMA framework from databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), and Web of Science: Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics) from July 2023 to October 2023. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria and thus were included in this scoping review. The findings showed that EVs have therapeutic effects on ameliorating the disease progression of SLE. EVs can reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase the anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, EVs can increase the levels of regulatory T cells, thus reducing inflammation. EVs also have the potential to regulate B cells to alleviate SLE and reduce its adverse effects. The scoping review has successfully analysed the therapeutic potential in ameliorating the disease progression of SLE. The review also includes prospects to improve the effects of EVs further to increase the therapeutic effects on SLE.

MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANTATION AND ITS ROLE IN AUTOIMUNNE DISEASES: LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction: Autoimmune diseases affect around 10% of the world population. Most of these are complex diseases caused by the interaction between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, autoimmune diseases have become the third largest chronic disease, after cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The human microbiome may play an important role in autoimmunity, as loss of immunological tolerance may be caused by changes in microbial composition. Microorganisms can provoke an immune response against the host if tolerance mechanisms fail for several reasons. Objective: To carry out a literature review evaluating the role of microbiota transplantation in patients with autoimmune diseases. Method: This is a bibliographic review, with a search for articles carried out through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), LILACS, PubMed and Scopus for all relevant articles that included in their theme the involvement of microbiota transplantation and its role in autoimmune diseases. Final considerations: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has a very important role for patients with autoimmune diseases (AD), especially individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, in which FMT has demonstrated promising results. for the treatment of these individuals. However, as the literature is still quite limited in relation to the type of donor and ideal dosage, in addition to the route of administration and treatment interval for each type of autoimmune disease, it is important to carry out targeted studies with the aim of evaluating the effects. benefits of FMT targeted to each AD, in addition to the possible adverse events and the particular characteristics of this procedure in the treatment of ADs associated with changes in intestinal flora.

Salvage Therapy for Prostate Cancer: AUA/ASTRO/SUO Guideline Part I: Introduction and Treatment Decision-Making at the Time of Suspected Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy.

The summary presented herein covers recommendations on salvage therapy for recurrent prostate cancer intended to facilitate care decisions and aid clinicians in caring for patients who have experienced a recurrence following prior treatment with curative intent. This is Part I of a three-part series focusing on treatment decision-making at the time of suspected biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Please refer to Part II for discussion of treatment delivery for non-metastatic BCR after RP and Part III for discussion of evaluation and management of recurrence after radiotherapy (RT) and focal therapy, regional recurrence, and oligometastasis. The systematic review that informs this Guideline was based on searches in Ovid MEDLINE (1946 to July 21, 2022), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (through August 2022), and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (through August 2022). Update searches were conducted on July 26, 2023. Searches were supplemented by reviewing electronic database reference lists of relevant articles. In a collaborative effort between AUA, ASTRO, and SUO, the Salvage Therapy for Prostate Cancer Panel developed evidence- and consensus-based statements to provide guidance for the care of patients who experience BCR after initial definitive local therapy for clinically localized disease. Advancing work in the area of diagnostic tools (particularly imaging), biomarkers, radiation delivery, and biological manipulation with the evolving armamentarium of therapeutic agents will undoubtedly present new opportunities for patients to experience long-term control of their cancer while minimizing toxicity.

Comparison of Thulium Fiber Laser versus Holmium laser in ureteroscopic lithotripsy: a Meta-analysis and systematic review

ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy and safety of thulium fiber laser (TFL) to holmium: YAG (Ho: YAG) laser in ureteroscopic lithotripsy for urolithiasis.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CENTRAL, SinoMed, CNKI database, VIP and Wanfang Database were systematically searched for all relevant clinical trials until September 2023. References were explored to identify the relevant articles. Meta-analysis was carried out for the retrieved studies using RevMan5.4.1 software, and the risk ratio, mean difference and 95% confidence interval were expressed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The main outcomes of this meta-analysis were stone-free rate (SFR), perioperative outcomes and intraoperative or postoperative complications.ResultsThirteen studies, including 1394 patients, were included. According to the results of pooled analysis, TFL was associated with significantly higher stone-free rate (SFR) [0.52, 95% CI (0.32, 0.85), P = 0.009], shorter operation time [-5.47, 95% CI (-8.86, -2.08), P = 0.002], and less stone migration [0.17, 95% CI (0.06, 0.50), P = 0.001]. However, there was no significant difference in terms of the laser time, duration of hospital stay, drop of hemoglobin level, total energy, postoperative ureteral stenting, the incidence of intraoperative complications or postoperative complications between TFL and Ho: YAGs.ConclusionThe findings of this study demonstrated several advantages of TFL in terms of higher SFR, shorter operative time and less stone migration.Trial registrationThe protocol of this systematic review was listed in PROSPERO (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO) (Protocol number: CRD42022362550).

Global trends and outcomes of nerve transfers for treatment of adult brachial plexus injuries.

The presentation, management and outcomes of brachial plexus injuries are likely to be subject to regional differences across the globe. A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify relevant articles related to spinal accessory to suprascapular, intercostal to musculocutaneous, and ulnar and/or median nerve fascicle to biceps and/or brachialis motor branch nerve transfers for treatment of brachial plexus injuries. A total of 6007 individual brachial plexus injuries were described with a mean follow-up of 38 months. The specific indication for accessory to suprascapular and intercostal to musculocutaneous transfers were considerably different among regions (e.g. upper plexus vs. pan-plexal), while uniform for fascicular transfer for elbow flexion (e.g. upper plexus +/- C7). Similarly, functional recovery was highly variable for accessory to suprascapular and intercostal to musculocutaneous transfers, while British Medical Research Council grade ≥3 strength after fascicular transfer for elbow flexion was frequently obtained. Overall, differences in outcomes seem to be inherent to the specific transfer being utilized.Level of evidence: III.

Demystifying the Influencing Factors of Construction 4.0 Technology Implementation from a Sustainability Starting Point: Current Trends and Future Research Roadmap

Given the challenges of innovation and adaptation to change, Construction 4.0 (C4.0) is triggering a revolution within construction and industry firms from automation to a greater level of digitalization. Despite the plethora of advantages and growing research interest in certain aspects of C4.0 technology implementation (C4.0TeIm), previous discourses have been largely fragmented and lack a comprehensive investigation of the factors influencing C4.0TeIm. To this end, this study aims to holistically investigate the influencing factors of C4.0TeIm and propose guidelines for future research directions. Informed by the United Nations twin green and digital transition perspectives, this study initiated its exploration in the background by delving into the potential intersections between C4.0 and sustainability. To achieve the aim, this study (i) reviewed 77 relevant articles and discerned a comprehensive list of factors influencing C4.0TeIm; (ii) outlined and quantified the influence and importance of the identified factors using social network analysis and validated results against the simplified analysis; and (iii) revealed gaps in the literature and proposed a research roadmap directing future research needs. The results show that 60 factors could collectively influence construction firms’ C4.0TeIm; they can be categorized into the external environment, technology competence, organizational factors, project-based factors, and technology challenges. The findings also reveal that further endeavors should emphasize those understudied factors such as “perceived overall organizational performance improvement”, “corporate strategy and management policy”, and “availability of resources”. Practically, the proposed research guidelines provide valuable references to accelerate C4.0TeIm in both academics and the business world and offer strategies for the top management of firms to maximize potential benefits and gain competitiveness.

A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGY OF BUREAUCRATIC REFORM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Purpose: This research aim to analysis the main challenges and strategies in the bureaucratic reform process in developing countries. All countries in the world make bureaucratic reform their main agenda, including developing countries. However, the main focus of bureaucratic reform studies is still limited to developed countries. Methodology: Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this research attempts to map the main challenges and strategies in the bureaucratic reform process in developing countries. The PRISMA method is used for the SLR process, from articles from international journals indexed by Scopus from 4 reputable publishers (Elsevier, Wiley, Taylor and Francis, and Emerald). A total of 16 relevant articles were analyzed to mapping bureaucratic reform trends in developing countries. Result: As a result, the main problems of bureaucracy in developing countries are the service was accused of being dysfunctional, fragmented, poorly organized, inefficient, ineffective, evasive, defeatist, delayed, reckless, self-serving, inexplicable, irresponsible, corrupt, non-transparent, irresponsible, and incapable meet citizens' expectations. The challenges faced are politicization, incompetent human resources and a corrupt culture. Conclusion: The strategy carried out by developing countries is mainly to carry out a transparent selection process and improve administrative standards. Originality/Value: Bureaucratic reform in developing countries is still a crucial problem in administrative studies. This research offers analysis of main problems and challenges of Bureaucratic Reform in developing countries.

Biological Properties and Medical Applications of Carbonate Apatite: A Systematic Review.

Bone defects represent an everyday challenge for clinicians who work in the fields of orthopedic surgery, maxillofacial and oral surgery, otorhinolaryngology, and dental implantology. Various bone substitutes have been developed and utilized, according to the needs of bone reconstructive surgery. Carbonate apatite has gained popularity in recent years, due to its excellent tissue behavior and osteoconductive potential. This systematic review aims to evaluate the role of carbonate apatite in bone reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering, analyze its advantages and limitations, and suggest further directions for research and development. The Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus electronic databases were searched for relevant review articles, published from January 2014 to 21 July 2023. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eighteen studies were included in the present review. The biological properties and medical applications of carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) are discussed and evaluated. The majority of articles demonstrated that CO3Ap has excellent biocompatibility, resorbability, and osteoconductivity. Furthermore, it resembles bone tissue and causes minimal immunological reactions. Therefore, it may be successfully utilized in various medical applications, such as bone substitution, scaffolding, implant coating, drug delivery, and tissue engineering.

A Systematic Review: Early Warning System for Hospital Wards

Most of the unexpected events occur in the hospital wards. An Early Warning System (EWS) is a system created to identify worsening patients outside the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). EWS is one of the requirements that must be met to get hospital accreditation. Hospitals have to choose the appropriate EWS to get optimal outcomes. This study aims to describe some of the EWS in the wards that have been researched and developed, as well as their performance in predicting severe adverse events (SAE). This study is a literature review design, conducting a systematic review by selecting relevant articles on Pub Med and Science Direct using the keyword "Early Warning Systems" in the 2018-2023 period. Out of 269 articles, only 12 articles that met the criteria. The selected articles are then systematically reviewed and analyzed. Based on the extraction results of 12 articles, 9 EWS were grouped into National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and its variants, Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) and its variants, and EWS integrated with Electronic Medical Record (EMR). In choosing an EWS, hospitals must consider the complexity of the cases being managed and the capabilities of existing resources. The recommended EWS in hospital wards with limited resources is weighted EWS or EWS with combinations, such as NEWS and MEWS with variants. Meanwhile, hospitals that have used EMR can choose EWS integrated with EMR to increase their predictive value for SAE, as well as improve protocol compliance.

Begum Rokeya to Arundhati Roy: An Intangible Dream of Woman Emancipation

Both Begum Rokeya's earlier and Arundhati Roy's more recent voices have advocated for women's freedom in essentially the same ways. Although critics have examined how they raise their voices against women’s exploitation, the current situation of women’s suffering when comparing Rokeya and Arundhati’s dreams is not shown. In order to demonstrate a gap in their research, the study compared the conditions of women in Rokeya's literature with the state of current society by discussing Arundhati's works. This essay is written using Begum Rokeya's Sultana's Dream and Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things as primary sources. My attempt in this paper is to demonstrate how Begum Rokeya's vision of women's independence is still a dream by referring to relevant scholarly articles and interpreting the works of Arundhati Roy.

ANALISIS FAKTOR STRES PADA KINERJA SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA

Stress is a phenomenon experienced due to the internal pressure within individuals. The purpose of this journal is to provide a description of stress management among employees. The methodology employed in this journal utilizes a qualitative approach, collecting data in the form of words, sentences, or phrases. The data gathered is secondary data obtained by the author from relevant books, journals, or research articles. The research indicates that stress arises from various factors, whether environmental, organizational, or individual, ultimately leading to a decrease in employee work productivity. Failure to manage stress properly can exacerbate the situation. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the need for appropriate stress management for individuals experiencing stressful conditions. By doing so, their situation can be controlled, enabling employees to enhance their work productivit. The dynamics of stress in the workplace can have both positive and negative impacts, not only being a stimulus for workers to feel more enthusiastic and motivated, but can also cause a decrease in productivity and various health problems if not managed properly. Stress management is essential in maintaining a healthy work environment and ensuring employee well-being.

Gastrointestinal Tonometry in the Perioperative Period of Liver Transplantation: An Integrative Review

Introduction: Gastric tonometry is a useful tool for examining regional splanchnic perfusion as it provides an indirect assessment of the state of the liver graft. This is because splanchnic hypoperfusion is a critical parameter in the context of liver transplantation, being associated with the development of problems such as acute liver failure and multiple organ failure. Objective: To analyze the effects of gastrointestinal tonometry in the perioperative period of patients undergoing liver transplantation. Methodology: This is an Integrative Review using the PubMed and VHL databases. The following descriptors were used: “Tonometry”, “Splanchnic circulation” and “Liver transplantation” with the Boolean operator “AND”, and articles of relevance to the topic were selected. Initially, 24 articles were selected, all published in the last 20 years, in Portuguese and/or English. After analysis, 6 articles matched the proposed objective. Results:It was observed that the difference between PraCO2 at the end of surgery and in the anepathic phase was greater in patients without liver graft dysfunction. A positive correlation was found between ǻpraCO2 and peak ALT after liver transplantation. In another study, it was found that the relationship between poor graft function was the presence of elevated liver enzymes, worsening synthetic liver function, coagulopathy and encephalopathy. It has also been shown that intramucosal gastric pH can predict early graft function. In a group with liver dysfunction, patients had an intramucosal gastric pH of less than 7.3 in the perioperative period, which remained low until the 24th hour postoperatively, while the group without dysfunction had an intramucosal gastric pH of more than 7.3, except in the anepathic phase when it was below this value. Conclusion: The usefulness of gastrointestinal tonometry to monitor splanchnic circulation and liver graft function during liver transplantation has been described and although support for this statement was found in some studies, this review had limitations due to the small number of articles available, which prevents it from covering a wide range of scientific evidence

The efficacy and safety of corticotomy and periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontic interventions in tooth movement: an updated meta-analysis

BackgroundThe surgically facilitated orthodontic strategy has been a promising strategy for orthodontic treatment recently. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was conducted to assess the available scientific evidence regarding the clinical outcomes, including the potential detrimental effects associated with these surgical procedures, with the aim of providing much more evidence-based information for clinical practice.MethodsAn electronic search of three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase) and a manual search of relevant articles published up to May 2023 were carried out. Clinical trials (≥ 10 subjects) that utilized surgically facilitated orthodontic strategies with clinical and/or radiographic outcomes were included. Meta-analyses and sub-group analyses were performed to analyze the standardized mean difference (SMD) or weighted mean difference (WMD), and confidence interval (CI) for the recorded variables.ResultsNineteen studies published from Oct 2012 to May 2023 met the inclusion criteria. Based on the analysis outcomes, corticotomy treatment significantly decreased the alignment duration (WMD: -1.08 months; 95% CI = -1.65, -0.51 months, P = 0.0002), and accelerated the canine movement (WMD: 0.72 mm; 95% CI = 0.63, 0.81 mm, P < 0.00001) compared to the traditional orthodontic group. The periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontic (PAOO) strategy markedly reduced the total treatment duration (SMD: -1.98; 95% CI = -2.59, -1.37, P < 0.00001) and increased the bone thickness (SMD:1.07; 95% CI = 0.74, 1.41, P < 0.00001) compared to traditional orthodontic treatment.ConclusionThe present study suggests that facilitated orthodontic treatment in terms of corticotomy and PAOO strategy may represent attractive and effective therapeutic strategy for orthodontic patients.

Radioactive Seed Localization for Nonpalpable Breast Lesions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study is a systematic review with meta-analysis comparing radioactive seed localization (RSL) versus radio-guided occult lesion localization (ROLL) and wire-guided localization (WGL) for patients with impalpable breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and evaluating efficacy, safety, and logistical outcomes. The protocol is registered in PROSPERO with the number CRD42022299726. A search was conducted in the Embase, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science, and clinicaltrials.gov databases, in addition to a manual search in the reference list of relevant articles, for randomized clinical trials and cohort studies. Studies selected were submitted to their own data extraction forms and risk of bias analysis according to the ROB 2 and ROBINS 1 tools. A meta-analysis was performed, considering the random effect model, calculating the relative risk or the mean difference for dichotomous or continuous data, respectively. The quality of the evidence generated was analyzed by outcome according to the GRADE tool. Overall, 46 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review; of these, 4 studies compared RSL and ROLL with a population of 1550 women, and 43 compared RSL and WGL with a population of 19,820 women. The results showed that RSL is a superior method to WGL in terms of surgical efficiency in the impalpable breast lesions' intraoperative localization, and it is at least equivalent to ROLL. Regarding security, RSL obtained results equivalent to the already established technique, the WGL. In addition to presenting promising results, RSL has been proven to be superior to WGL and ROLL technologies.

Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Hybrid Concept Analysis

Background: Limitations of activities of daily living (ADLs) are well-known in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. However, a lack of consensus regarding the concept of ADL in COPD patients causes problems in their measurement. This study was conducted to clarify and conceptualize the concept of ADLs in COPD. Methods: The hybrid model of concept analysis consisting of a literature review phase, a fieldwork phase, and an analytical phase was applied. In the first phase, an extensive literature review was performed by searching the accredited databases for relevant articles published within 2000-2022. In the second phase, 18 in-depth interviews with COPD patients were carried out in Tehran, Iran. Field observational notes were transcribed verbatim, and qualitative content analysis was performed. In the analytical phase, attributes of ADLs were derived from the previous two phases. Results: Based on the attributes derived from the final analytical phase, ADLs in COPD patients are complex and multifactorial and are affected by dyspnea and factors influencing it. The pattern of daily activities, communication, and self-care in COPD patients changes toward living normally and independently. Conclusions: The concept analysis of ADLs in COPD patients revealed some key attributes. The results might be useful for designing nursing models, developing theories and measurement tools, and increasing the capacity to perform ADLs in COPD patients.

Pendidikan Karakter dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an (Analisis Corak Tafsir Tarbawi dalam Qs. Luqman Ayat 12-19)

Education plays a crucial role as a means to enhance the quality of human resources. However, the challenge faced by education today is the occurrence of moral decadence. The Quran, as the source of Islamic teachings related to all aspects of human life, contains answers to various issues, including the educational aspect. Nevertheless, not everyone can easily understand it. Hence, commentators or experts in interpretation, known as mufassir, emerged to facilitate our understanding of the Quran. The verses under study in this research are from Surah Luqman, specifically from verse 12 to verse 19. The research applies a literature approach, where information and data are gathered from various library sources. The data is divided into two types: primary data from the Tafsir Al-Mishbah by M. Quraish Shihab, and secondary data from relevant articles and books. The analysis process involves data collection, classification based on the research formula, citation of references to organize findings, abstraction to obtain concrete information, and interpretation of data with conclusions drawn. The result of this research is the pattern of tarbawi interpretation with a specific orientation toward interpreting Quranic verses related to education and educational goals. One form of tarbawi interpretation is M. Quraish Shihab's interpretation of Surah Luqman verses 12-19, which discusses the teaching of wisdom and advice provided by Luqman to his son. This interpretation is relevant to modern character education values, supplemented with Islamic teachings. In the Islamic perspective, character is not only identified with morality. Noble character or morality is produced through the application of Sharia (worship and transactions) based on a strong foundation of faith ('aqidah).&#x0D; Keywords: Education Character, Al-Qur’an, Analyizing Tafsir Tarbawi

Effects of early enteral nutrition in patients with severe burns: A systematic review.

Nutritional problems in the early stages of severe burns are prominent and seriously affect the clinical outcomes of patients. Our aim is to analyze the effects of early enteral nutrition (EEN) in patients with severe burns. In this study, relevant articles were searched in 8 English and Chinese data, with a time limit from the creation of the database to June 2023. Two researchers independently completed the search, screening and quality assessment of the articles. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that examined EEN therapy in people with severe burns. We compared the effects of EEN and non-EEN therapy in severely burned patients. The outcomes were mortality, gastrointestinal complications, nutritional indicators, gastrointestinal hormones, sepsis, length of hospital stay and wound healing time. Categorical variables were expressed as OR and 95% CI was calculated, and continuous variables were expressed as MD and 95% CI was calculated. The protocol for this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO on May 12, 2023 (identifier CRD42023422895). Nineteen studies with a total of 1066 participants met the inclusion criteria. When comparing EEN therapy with non-EEN therapy, the experiment group had significantly lower mortality [OR = 0.39, 95% CI (0.20, 0.74), P = .004], lower wound healing time [MD = -10.77, 95% CI (-13.66,-7.88), P < .00001], fewer gastrointestinal complications [OR = 0.18, 95% CI (0.09, 0.36), P < .00001], lower rates of gastrointestinal hemorrhage [OR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.04, 0.36), P = .0001], lower rates of sepsis [OR = 0.40, 95% CI (0.24, 0.66), P = .0005], shorter length of hospital stay [MD = -12.08, 95% CI (-13.61, 9.19-10.56), P < .00001], and higher prealbumin levels [MD = 29.04, 95% CI (21.98, 36.10), P < .00001], higher total albumin levels [MD = 6.74, 95% CI (4.29, 9.19), P < .00001], and gastrin levels [MD = 15.93, 95% CI (10.12, 21.73), P < .00001]. However, there was no significant difference in albumin between the 2 groups [MD = 2.62, 95% CI (-0.30, 5.55), P = .08] or motilin levels [MD = 12.48, 95% CI (-43.59, 68.56), P = .66]. EEN plays an important role in the rehabilitation of patients with severe burns. EEN is beneficial to reduce complications and the length of hospital stay, maintain organ function, optimize the nutritional status of patients, promote wound healing, and improve the survival rate of patients.

Personalizing education: the role of adaptive technologies in individualized education

This bibliographic review addressed the issue of personalized education and the role of adaptive technologies in individualized education. The main objective was to analyze how adaptive technologies can be integrated into the educational process to promote personalized teaching, meeting individual student needs and improving learning efficiency. The methodology involved a literature review, focusing on relevant scientific articles, books, and research reports. The results indicated that adaptive technologies, combined with active methodologies and innovative educational practices, are effective in promoting more personalized teaching. However, the implementation of these technologies faces challenges, such as the need for adequate infrastructure and teacher training. The analysis highlighted the importance of educational practices that integrate adaptive technologies for more flexible and student-centered teaching. It was concluded that, despite the challenges, the prospects for successful integration of adaptive technologies are promising and can contribute significantly to more inclusive and effective education.