Registration Of Varieties Research Articles

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE ADAPTIVE SORTING TECHNOLOGY OF GROWING LEGUMINOUS CROPS IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE

The relevance of the conducted research is based on the tasks of the applied research of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University on the topic: «Development of methods for improving the technology of growing leguminous crops using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, foliar fertilizers and physiologically active substances». Analysing the literature sources various technological methods of growing leguminous crops for providing the rational use of natural agricultural potential, which will further increase the sown area of major legumes, which are of strategic importance, have been evaluated. The article analyses the varietal diversity of leguminous crops included in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. High-yielding varieties for the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine of soybeans – Azymut, Holubka, sowing peas – Tsarevych and Prystan have been chosen for the study; white lupine – Veresnevyi, Chabanskyi; narrow-leaved lupine – Olimp, Peremozhets; chickpeas for sowing – Skarb, Pegas. According to the group of ripeness, early-, medium- and medium-early-ripening varieties of legumes are selected, which have been distinguished among others for their high grain and protein productivity. It has been determined that the types of legumes in terms of set basic economic-valuable peculiarities have significant advantages such as resistance to adverse environmental factors, pests and manufacturability. The field experiments have shown that the combination of inoculation of seeds with a bacterial preparation and treatment of plants for vegetation with a retardant has had a positive effect on increasing the yield of the crops. For the years of the conducted researches, the maximum seed yield in the leguminous crops has been determined. Thus, in sowing peas the most productive type was Prystan (2.6 t/ha), white lupine – Chabanskyi (3.4 t/ha), narrow-leaved lupine – Peremozhets (2.6 t/ha), chickpea – Skarb. 3.0 t/ha) and in soybeans – Azymut (2.6 t/ha). The largest increases in grain productivity were obtained by treating the seeds with the bacterial preparation Rhizohumin and spraying the crops with chlormequat chloride retardant in the budding phase. Keywords: leguminous crops, variety, quality, yield, growing area.

GRAIN RESOURCES IN UKRAINE: THE CURRENT STATE AND THE PROSPECTS OF USE

The analysis of literary sources revealed the problems of the development of organic agriculture, the development of environmentally friendly technologies for growing leguminous crops, the expansion of areas of cultivation of high-protein legumes and the study of their impact on soil fertility, improvement of its condition and conservation in general in the face of climate change. Grain legumes, as well as cereals, have been found to be a staple food for most of the world's population, especially in developing countries. In Ukraine, crop data have become strategic and important by overcoming the problem of providing the animal feed to the feed protein. They cover 16% of humanity's need for protein. The reserves of increasing the efficiency of using modern varieties of leguminous crops, aimed at increasing their yield and quality, saving material and technical and energy resources, have been evaluated. It is proved that in this plan it is important to search for selection of scientifically-proven varietal legume cultivation technology for different zones using microbiological fertilizers and growth of stimulating nature allowed for use, in order to preserve soil fertility, improve its physical and chemical properties, and stabilize its granulometric properties. Soil microbiota. The national varieties listed in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine as a factor of increasing competitive agriculture and adapting them to organic varietal technologies of growing leguminous crops are subject to study. The article identifies the varietal diversity of genetic support for a fundamentally new source material of leading leguminous crops. The problematic of the scientific article has a complex multidisciplinary character in the combination of adaptive farming systems and varietal cultivation technology in view of current trends in climate change. Installation and implementation are based on the problems, as well as the tasks of applied research, which is performed at the expense of the state budget fund on the theme: «Development of methods for improving the technology of growing leguminous crops using biofertilizers, bacterial preparations, extracurricular nutrition and physical nutrition» Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Key words: legumes, variety, technological methods, cultivation area, use cases.

Selection value of nonpubescent soybean lines [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] for different uses

Purpose. Create a new source material of soybeans without pubescence, determine its selection value for the efficient use of processed products in animal nutrition, which will ensure high productivity of the latter. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of seeds are important economic and valuable features. The lack of pubescence on plants is unique.Methods. Field, special, laboratory and mathematical-statistical.Results. The minimum fat content of 20.88% was observed in the seeds of the non-pubescent variety ‘Kobra’, 23.73% in the line No 305, and 25.02% in the line No 22. The varieties ‘Diamant’ and ‘Antratsyt’ had a high fat content – 24.08–25.83%. The protein content in the green mass of promising lines was very low – up to 16%. The fat content was in the range of 2.1–5.3% with the maximum value in the lines No 3 and No 7 – 4.67–5.26%. The protein content in ‘Anakonda’ seeds and No 1 and No 9 lines was 36–37%, in standard varieties – at the level of 29.5–35.63%. A comparison of new non-pubescent lines with standard varieties and the most productive varieties ‘Diamant’ and ‘Adamos’, which are included in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine and meet the requirements for efficient use in fodder production.Conclusions. Lack of pubescence in soybean plants is an extremely rare and atypical phenomenon. There are no such varieties in the state register of plant varieties of Ukraine. More than 50 non-pubescent lines exceed the indicators of economic suitability of national standards and modern varieties. Lines No 4, No 5, No 7, No 8, which had more than 15% protein in the green mass, should be involved in the selection process to create fodder varieties. The ‘Anakonda’ line has a nutritional value with a minimum content of linolenic acid in the oil (6.08%). Increased oleic acid content was observed in varieties ‘Adamos’ (35.01%), ‘Diamant’ (33.53%), ‘Ametyst’ (31.39%).

New generation surface synthetic of alfalfa sowing (Medicago sativa L.)

Aim. Evaluation of starting material on a complex of economically valuable features and creation with its participation of a variety-synthetics of alfalfa sowing. Methods. Field, laboratory. Results. The results of research and creation of a synthetic variety of alfalfa of sowing Radoslav at the Institute of forages and agriculture of Podillya of NAAS are presented. Listed on the State Register of Plant Varieties Eligible for Distribution in Ukraine (hereinafter – the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine) (Certificate of State Registration No. 15196001 of March 14, 2019, Patent for the Plant Variety of Radoslaw No. 190654 of May 5, 2019). When evaluating fodder and seed productivity in the research fields of the institute, the preference for the Radoslav variety to the Sinyukh standard was established. Extensive testing of the suitability of the variety for propagation (SPD) in 5 research points of the Polesia zone and 4 ˗ of the Forest-Steppe Institute of Plant Variety Examination confirmed higher rates of fodder and seed productivity and growth rate of the specified variety compared to the conventional standard. Conclusions. In order to enhance the efficiency of the breeding process aimed at the creation of synthetic varieties, clonal genotypes should be used, which, along with the complex of economically valuable traits, are distinguished by a high overall combining ability. It is recommended to use synthetic alfalfa of sowing Radoslaw in clean and mixed crops with other perennial herbs for production of high-quality forages in the soil-climatic zones of Polissya and Forest-steppe.
 Keywords: Medicago sativa L., clone, synthetic variety, dry matter, seeds.

Creation of new forms of feeding cereal grasses from A to Z

Aim. To create a new cultivars of perennial cereal grasses with the high feeding and seed productivity, longevity, drought resistance and freezing tolerance in order to increase the quality of livestock super-elite seeds production. DNA certification of economically valuable properties estimation. Methods. Hybridization, a partially known combination. Embryo culture method from immature caryopsis with completion of growing in a nutrient medium. Techniques of plant tissue culture (initiation, multiplication, rooting and adaptation in vitro plants to ex vitro conditions. DNA certification was performed using SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) marker system. Results. The new competitively cultivar of Agropyron cristatum "Malarytsky" have been created. The system of the cultivar and parental forms registration in the form of molecular genetic passports is presented. Conclusions. The cultivar of Agropyron cristatum "Malarytsky" was turned over to the State Institution “The State Inspection for Testing and Protection of Plant Varieties” for state testing and for inclusion in the State Register of Varieties. The economic efficiency of this new feeding culture cultivating for Belarus and countries with sharply continental climate is presented.
 Keywords: Agropyron cristatum, hybridization, cul populations, in vitro, water-soluble carbohydrates, DNA certification, molecular genetic passports, cultivar.

Is plant variety registration keeping pace with speed breeding techniques?

Recent innovations in breeding technologies have reduced the timeframe to develop improved plant varieties compared to conventional breeding processes. Technologies like speed breeding, or rapid generation advancement, may also accelerate the process of statutory variety registration. Within this procedure, improved varieties are required to satisfy distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) criteria to establish the unique identity of a given submission during the variety registration process. The DUS standard also provides a solid basis for seed certification, plant breeders’ rights, as well as variety maintenance throughout commercial lifespan of varieties. Currently, the overall timeline of variety registration may vary from 2 to 4 years, depending on crop type and country. In this article, we propose the concept of ‘speed DUS testing’: a rapid phenotype-based method, which could be integrated with approaches that take advantage of DNA markers. We compare methods and discuss how DUS testing could be modernized to fast-track variety registration.

Bazı hibrit kestane genotiplerinin anaçlık potansiyelleri

In Turkey chestnut cultivation is threaten by chestnut blight, chestnut root rot and Asian chestnut gall wasp. In order to obtain tolerant cultivars to the pests and diseases hybridization studies were performed. As a result, A14, A25, A41 and A100 hybrid chestnut genotypes were selected as superior. Some of these genotypes were registered by ‘Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Variety Registration and Seed Certification Center’. A14 genotype named as ‘Akyüz’ and A100 named as ‘Macit 55’. Grafting studies were performed with these genotypes and cultivars. However, due to graft incompatibility survival ratio was found low. To avoid graft incompatibility, own seedlings may be better candidate as rootstocks because of the degree of compatibility. In this study seedling rootstock potential of ‘Akyüz’, ‘Macit 55’ cultivars and A25, A41 genotypes were examined. ‘Marigoule’ cultivar used as control. The study was conducted between 2013 and 2015 at Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey. In the study healthy seed ratio (%), seed emerging ratio (%), suitable for grafting seedling ratio (%), seedling diameter (cm), coefficient of variation (CV) of seedling diameter and seedling productivity (%) were investigated. As a result of the study, all genotype and cultivars were found superior in terms of their generative rootstock characteristics. However, a great variation was observed among the rootstocks over the years. Therefore, studies should be conducted to determine the effect of xenia on rootstock candidates in nut species where generative rootstock use is necessary. Also, to find out the graft compatibility of these genotype and cultivars grafting studies should be done and they should be evaluated for long-term.

Новий перспективний сорт тютюну української селекції — Берлей 46

Goal. To substantiate the biological and chemical properties, production technology, and economic efficiency of a new promising variety of tobacco Berlei 46 with high resistance to biotic and abiotic factors and good quality of raw materials. Methods. General scientific and special: field, laboratory, selection with the use of induction apomixis, calculation, mathematical-statistical. Laboratory method was used for the determination of the chemical composition of raw tobacco. Apomixis was used in the selection of tobacco and helped to reduce that process on 4–6 years, secured heterosis, identified new and rare micro-features in tobacco, as well as the use of mutants with valuable features in form of the valuable source material. Use of the calculation and mathematical-statistical methods determined economic efficiency of cultivation of new varieties of tobacco Berlei 46 and its advantages over the sort-standard Berlei 38, listed in the State register of plant varieties of Ukraine in 2001. Results. They substantiated biometric, chemical, and economic indices of the new high-yielding variety of tobacco Berlei 46, which was selected by the method of individual selection in populations of intervarietal hybrids Berlei Polish x Banat. Conclusions. A new promising variety of tobacco Berlei 46, listed in the State register of plant varieties of Ukraine in 2017, has significant advantages for biological and productive signs over other varieties (resistant against diseases and pests, stressful weather conditions, high productivity, and quality of raw materials). The main advantage of the new variety Berlei 46 over sort-standard Berlei 38 is the high productivity — up to 31.6 t/ha, marketable quality of raw material — output of top commercial varieties is 90–95%, and the content of nicotine — 2.01–2.13%. Berlei 46 is recommended for cultivation in tobacco farms of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine.

Genotyping by RAD Sequencing Analysis Assessed the Genetic Distinctiveness of Experimental Lines and Narrowed Down the Genomic Region Responsible for Leaf Shape in Endive (Cichorium endivia L.).

The characterization of genetic diversity in elite breeding stocks is crucial for the registration and protection of new varieties. Moreover, experimental population structure analysis and information about the genetic distinctiveness of commercial materials are essential for crop breeding programs. The purpose of our research was to assess the genetic relationships of 32 endive (Cichorium endivia L.) breeding lines, 18 from var. latifolium (escarole) and 14 from var. crispum (curly), using heterologous Cichorium intybus-derived simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers. We found that 14 out of 29 SSR markers were successfully amplified, but only 8 of them were related to polymorphic loci. To overcome the limitation of the low number of informative SSR marker loci, an alternative SNP-based approach was employed. The 4621 SNPs produced by a restriction site-associated DNA marker sequencing approach were able to fully discriminate the 32 endive accessions; most importantly, as many as 50 marker loci were found to distinguish the curly group from the escarole group. Interestingly, 24 of the marker loci mapped within a peripheral segment of chromosome 8 of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), spanning a chromosomal region of 49.6 Mb. Following Sanger sequencing-based validation, three genes were determined to carry nonsynonymous SNPs, and one of them matched a putative ortholog of AtELP1, subunit 1 of the Elongator complex. Considering that several previously characterized Elongator complex subunit mutants exhibited elongated and/or curly leaf phenotypes, this gene should be taken into consideration for a better understanding of the underlying mechanism controlling leaf shape in endive.

Morphological characterization of sorghum lines with aluminium stress and phosphorus deficiency tolerance

Sorghum has a good adaptation in marginal land, such as acid soil. The development of acid soil tolerant variety was directed to combine with Al stress and P deficiency adaptation. Characterization of the qualitative and quantitative traits was necessary to obtain the line performance information. The traits were expected to have a distinct, uniform, and stable traits as a requirement for variety registration. The purpose of this research was to obtain information about the quantitative and qualitative character of F9 sorghum lines. The study was conducted from March to July 2019 at Cikabayan Bawah Experimental Field, Plant Breeding Laboratory, and Micro technical Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University. Randomized complete block design with genotype as a treatment factor was carried out in this experiment. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in quantitative and qualitative traits in sorghum lines. There were variations in the qualitative and quantitative traits observed. Based on cluster analysis, Sorghum lines and check varieties formed three groups. group 1 (Super 2), group 2 (170-9, 151-8, dan 114-7) and group 3 (67-9, 104-7, 115-9, 286-6, 331-8, and Numbu). Three promising sorghum lines were identified for varietal release, i.e., 114-7, 115-9, and 331-8.

Agricultural Innovation and the Protection of Traditional Rice Varieties: Kerala a Case Study

In an endeavor to promote agricultural innovation, the Government of India introduced two pieces of legislation: (i) the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001, which provide for the registration of traditional crop varieties as farmers’ varieties, and for the sharing of benefits when those varieties are incorporated into new commercial varieties; and (ii) the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act 1999, which provides for the registration of indications to promote the marketing of goods which derive their quality and characteristics from their geographical origin. This article tests the effectiveness of this legislation in promoting agricultural innovation, reporting on a survey of 401 farmers of traditional rice varieties in Kerala, South West India. The study revealed that farmers were either unaware of the legislation, or unaware of its functions. They have not been much involved in the registration of farmers’ varieties and have not made any benefit-sharing claims in relation to the varieties which have been registered. They have tended to confuse the registration of geographical indications with the registration of farmers’ varieties. This suggests, as a first step, the necessity for awareness raising about the purposes of both pieces of legislation with Indian farmers.

Variability of morphological features of spring soft wheat Moskovskaya 35

The variety of spring soft wheat Moscovskaya 35, zoned in 1971, is an outstanding breeding achievement. It is included in the State Register of approved varieties and recommended for the fourth region in Russia (Volga-Vyatka). In this paper, an assessment was made of the variation in the structure elements of the harvest of spring wheat variety Moskovskaya 35 depending on the growing season of the year 2014-2018 in the conditions of the southern part of the Volga-Vyatka region in Russia. A study of the morphostructural indicators of spring wheat of the variety Moskovskaya 35 for five years revealed that the most stable of those is the mass of 1000 grains (coefficient of variation – 13.1%), and the most variable is the length of the ear (coefficient of variation – 20.6%). It was found that the vegetation weather conditions for the years of testing had a strong influence on the intravarietal variability, which is confirmed by the calculation of correlations between yield and the sum of active temperatures during the vegetation period (regression coefficient – 0.92). Analysis of the coefficient of variation showed that the variety Moscovskaya 35 has good ecological plasticity, the coefficient of yield variation was 21.4%.

Analysis of the use of selection achievements in the production of oilseeds

The availability of spare capacities for the production of vegetable oil in Russia and the increased demand in the world’s industrial markets stimulate the development of domestic competitive technologies for growing, storing and processing sunflower, soybean and rapeseed. Reducing the level of dependence of oilseeds on foreign analogues is considered as one of the key tasks. Currently, the share of foreign varieties in Russia occupies about 56 % of the acreage of spring rapeseed, 76% of winter rapeseed, 74% of sunflower and 26% of soy. It is shown that the inclusion of foreign varieties of oilseeds in the State register of varieties approved for use in the Russian Federation is not always justified. It is recommended to include in the state register only those varieties of foreign selection that have a statistically significant difference in the indicators of domestic and foreign varieties obtained as a result of their tests in the regions of Russia.

Evaluation of the hybridization potential of sugar beet cмs-lines and multi-shoot pollinators bred in uman within the program the «Betaintercross» program

The purpose was to study the hybridization potential of sugar beet CМS-lines and multi-shoot pollinators and to develop, on the basis of the best of them, high-yielding hybrids of various genomic levels. Materials and methods. The study included sugar beet CМS-lines and multi-shoot pollinators bred by us as well as CМS-lines of other research institutions co-executing the “Betaintercross” program. Different designs of top-crosses were used to create test hybrids and to study the general and specific combining abilities of the hybridization components. Results and discussion. In the study years (2014–2018), 25 CМS-lines, which were involved in top-cross hybridization designs with di- and tetraploid pollinators bred at different research institutions, were transferred to the “Betaintercross” program by the Laboratory of Sugar Beet Breeding of the Tobacco Experimental Station of the National Research Center “Institute of Agriculture of NAAS”. The results of the environmental variety trials of sugar beet hybrids distinguished the best hybrid combinations, the parents of which were CMS-lines and multi-shoot pollinators bred at the ТES of NRC “ІA NAAS”. It was established that Uman CMS-lines were the most effectively combined with multi-shoot pollinators of Bila Tserkva and Verkhniachka ЕВSs, and multi-shoot pollinators - with CМS-lines of Ivanivka, Bila Tserkva and Uladivka ЕВSs. The best hybrids’ performance far exceeds the group standard, providing a guaranteed gain of 5–12 % for the sugar collection and of 6–15 % for the sugar yield per hectare. A present, co-developed with Verkhniachka ЕВS mono-shoot diploid hybrid based on Heroi CMS has been entered in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. Conclusions. The analysis of the performance of the test sugar beet hybrids attests to a significant genetic potential of the CMS-lines and multi-shoot pollinators bred at the ТES of NRC “ІA NAAS”. This breeding material is characterized by high general and specific combining abilities, basic performance, technological quality of raw materials and resistance to diseases.

ANÁLISIS DEL SISTEMA DE PRODUCCIÓN Y CERTIFICACIÓN DE SEMILLAS EN MÉXICO

A seed system is the combination of components, processes and their organization for the production and marketing of this input for planting one or more species. Due to the importance of the implementation of the Law on Production, Certification and Trade of Seeds and the Federal Plant Varieties Law (FPVL), in this study the evolution of the production of certified seeds was analyzed in order to identify the relationship with the changes in the legal framework regarding seeds. The database of the certified seed production program published by the National Seed Inspection and Certification Service for the period 1988-2013 was analyzed. It was found that from the 1980s there was a decrease in the production of certified seeds as a result of a reduction in public sector participation and the start of the private sector engagement. For the 1990s, changes occurred with a decrease in the area of 144,219 ha and production of 332,500 t, all in the context of the integration of Mexico as a member of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants and the publication of the FPVL. The production of certified seeds showed an increase from the year 2000 in both area and volume. According to the data published in the National Catalog of Plant Varieties and in the Official Gazette of Breeders’ Rights, the private sector has greater participation in the registration of varieties of common use and with breeder’s rights. Mexico has sufficient regulation in terms of seed production, certification and trade and in the protection of breeder’s rights, as well as a diversified system in which the public, social and private sectors concur; however, concentration wasobserved both in registrants and in crops with certified seed production.

The Genetic Structure of the Field Pea Landrace “Roveja di Civita di Cascia”

“Roveja di Civita di Cascia” is a landrace of Pisum sativum grown in marginal land habitats of the Apennines, Central Italy, and is one of the eleven herbaceous crop landraces listed in the Regional Register of local varieties. The objective of the present paper was to assess its genetic structure using 62 morphological traits and five microsatellites. As many as 55 traits showed significant differences with the control entries (P. sativum subsp. sativum var. arvense and var. sativum). We tested P. sativum Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) for their transferability to “Roveja”, and found that only 12 out of 35 performed well. Of these, we demonstrated that five were sufficient to assess the genetic structure of this landrace, characterized by several private alleles, differentiating it from Paladio and Bluemoon, which were used as controls. Phenotypic and genotypic data evidenced a genetic structure based on a blend of several pure-bred lines. The sustainability of on-farm landrace conservation is discussed.

Allelic composition of puriindoline genes in soft spring wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.)

Screening of 27 varieties of soft spring wheat, included in the State register of varieties of the Republic of Belarus for 2019 for the presence of alleles of genes of puroindolines Pina-D1 (Pina-D1a and Pina-D1b) and Pinb-D1 (Pinb-D1a, Pinb-D1b, Pinb-D1d) was carried out using а llele-specific markers. As a result of the research made, it is shown that almost all studied varieties of spring wheat are solid-grained, since their genotype revealed mutant alleles: Pinb-D1b, Pinb-D1c, Pinb-D1d. The exception was the Belarusian varieties of wheat Madonna and Sabina that were the carriers of alleles of wild type Pina-D1a and Pinb-D1a. In the varieties of spring wheat Darja (Belarus), Laska (Belarus), Lubava (Belarus), Slavyanka (Belarus, Russia), Triso (Germany), Sorbas (Germany), Korynta (Poland), Verbena (Poland), Venera (Serbia), Septima (Czech Republic) identified the mutant allele Pinb-D1b. The carriers of the allele Pinb-D1c are the varieties Rostan (Belarus), Rassvet (Belarus), Toma (Belarus), Vasilisa (Belarus), Moneta (Belarus), Nagrada (Belarus), Sudaryna (Belarus), Ladja (Belarus, Russia), Quattro (Germany), Kvintus (Germany), Koksa (Poland), Mandaryna (Poland), Serenada (Poland), Korynta (Poland), Verbena (Poland) and Canuck (France). Amplification fragments characteristic of the mutant allele Pin-bD1d were present in he wheat variety Eureka (Belarus). Varieties of soft spring wheat with the identified alleles of the puroindoline genes Pina-D1 and Pinb-D1 can serve as a starting material for a purposeful formation of the genotype of the variety with specified values of endosperm hardness and softness of the endosperm, and it can also be used as a positive control in molecular genetic studies.

Plant agro-biodiversity needs protection, study and promotion: results of research conducted in Lombardy region (Northern Italy)

The loss of plant agro-biodiversity is a global problem with repercussions on both humans and (agro-)ecosystems. This article presents the data of a census of the herbaceous landraces currently cultivated in Lombardy (Northern Italy), one of the most industrialized regions of Europe, and for which information was previously extremely limited. The census showed that 72 herbaceous landraces are cultivated (conserved on farms) in Lombardy yet most of them are threatened since they are cultivated by a small number of farmers, mostly hobbyists. Only 11% have been the subject of scientific studies while 12.5% are protected since they are registered in the European Register of Conservation Varieties. Lombardy has lost about 78% of its landraces cultivated over the last 70–80 years. The nutritional characteristics of four little-known maize landraces of the Lombardy region recently used for the creation of niche food chains were also analyzed. They have a higher content of protein (about 12.34%) and phytic acid (about 1.35%), compared to a hybrid maize (B73/Mo17), while they are slightly poorer in starch (about 77.85%), Mg and Zn. Some of these landraces, those with coloured kernels due to the high concentration of polyphenols, have high antioxidant activity which makes them interesting for the production of nutraceutical foods. 2D-electrophoretic protein profiles highlighted that the four maize landraces are different one from another. Finally, some actions and tools are suggested to favour the in situ conservation of plant agro-biodiversity.

Analysis of spring rapeseed varieties (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) presented in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine

Purpose. Determine the main indicators of productivity and quality of seeds of spring rapeseed new varieties during their cultivation in different argoclimatic zones of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory. Field studies were carried out on the basis of the Branches of the Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination in the zones of Polissia, Forest-Steppe and Steppe in 2015–2016. Results. The State Regis­ter of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine (the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine) as at 22 August 2019 contains 60 varieties of spring rapeseed, of which 42 (70.0%) are of foreign origin and 18 (30.0%) are Ukrainian cultivars. The maximum sown area in Ukraine occupied by spring rapeseed was about 68.3 thousand ha in 2018, which is twice as much as the area of 2013. In 2019, a dramatic decrease in sown area was observed. The productivity of the studied rapeseed varieties in 2015–2016 in the Steppe zone was on average 0.94–1.17 t/ha; Forest-steppe – 2.16–2.29; Polissia – 1.33–1.62. The yields of individual varieties exceeded 2.0 t/ha; they had a high content of oil and crude protein and a low content of erucic acid and glucosinolates in the seeds. The content of erucic acid did not exceed 0.1%, glucosinolates – 0.8%. Conclusions. The highest yield in the zones of Forest-Steppe and Polissia was observed from ‘DK 7160 KL’ variety – 2.28 t/ha and 1.62 t/ha, respectively. The maximum crude protein content in the steppe zone was found in ‘Aksana’ variety (26.6%), in the Forest-steppe zone – in ‘Bilder’ (25.4%,) in the Polissia zone – in ‘Sander’ (24.9%). High oil content in seeds in the Steppe zone was in varieties ‘Bilder’ (45.0%) and ‘DK 7155 KL’ (45.2%), in the Forest-Steppe – in ‘Sander’ (46.5%) and ‘DK 7155 KL’ (46.6%); in Polissia – in ‘DK 7160 KL’ (47.1%) and ‘DK 7155 KL’ (46.8%). The minimum content of erucic acid in the seeds of spring rapeseed in the Steppe was in the varieties ‘Aksana’ and ‘DK 7150 KL’, in the Forest-Steppe – ‘GK 7160 KL’, ‘CLICK KL’, ‘DK 7155 KL’ and in the Polissia zone – ‘DK 7160 KL’ and ‘DK 7150 KL’.

Genetical, Morphological and Physicochemical Characterization of the Autochthonous Cultivar ‘Uva Rey’ (Vitis vinifera L.)

’Uva Rey’ is considered an Andalusian (Spain) ancient autochthonous cultivar with hard white grapes used for the production of wine and raisins and also for raw consumption. Currently, this cultivar is not included in the official register of Spanish grapevine varieties and there is neither a description nor a characterization that could facilitate its insertion in this register. In order to study this genetic resource, a genetic and morphological characterization of ’Uva Rey’ has been carried out in comparison with ’Palomino Fino’, the main cultivar in Andalusia (Spain). Additionally, grape must physicochemical characterization and grape berry texture profile analyses were performed. Genetically, ’Uva Rey’ was synonymous with the cultivar ’De Rey’. ’Uva Rey’ grape must physicochemical results showed a lower sugar concentration and a higher malic acid content compared to ’Palomino Fino’ must, while the analysis of the grape berry texture profile proved to be more consistent and cohesive. These results can be attributed to the longer phenological cycle presented by ’Uva Rey’. All these facts could lead to consideration of ’Uva Rey’ as a cultivar for the production of white wines in warm climate regions.