Regional Tourism Products Research Articles

Geographical and component analysis of the perception of the tourism and recreational space of the perm region

The relevance of this study lies the reassessment of the role that an information plays in the functioning and perception of tourism and recreational space. Tourism and recreational space perceive as global but it has a complex structure, represented in the form of territorial tourism and recreational systems. In a post-industrial society the importance of information for the development of tourism and recreational space is constantly increasing. Oftentimes tourists base on other tourist's information and reviews posted on the Internet, recorded in the form of digital footprints on specialized portals to make a decision to travel. The consumer perceives the tourism and recreational space of the region as a set of reviews and ratings the content of which may be different from the actual parameters of the space. These feedbacks last as a basis for the expectations and impressions formation. The purpose of this study is a component and geographical analysis of the perception of the tourism and recreational space of the Perm region using the method of text analysis of big data. The textual analysis of 5,668 reviews that have posted on the Tripadvisor website was carried out on the PolyAnalyst platform and included the calculation of the sentiment index, the extraction of keywords and the determination of the relationship of terms to define the key attributes of the tourist and recreational space perception. The component analysis of the Perm region's tourism and recreational space perception showed the uneven perception of its individual components and made it possible to identify the most topical problem areas. The assessment of the perception of tourist and recreational space by consumers from different places of residence, as well as the assessment of the territorial features of the perception of individual cities of the Perm region, was carried out using geographical analysis. Additionally, the sentiment index change from 2014 to 2021 was assessed. An analysis of this change made it possible to identify the incipient negative trends at the deterioration of the region's tourism and recreational space perception. The results of the study will be useful for the development of strategic documents on territorial planning and tourism management, improvement of regional tourism products and the image of the region.

Responsible business conduct in the field of ecotourism: conceptual framework, supply chains, regional formalization

The article examines the problem of introducing the concept of responsible business conduct in the field of ecotourism. The regulatory mechanisms for responsible business conduct by the OECD, the Alliance for Sustainable Hospitality and UNEP are analyzed in the context of their implementation in the field of ecotourism. Significant examples of regional formalization of responsible business conduct mechanisms such as Kenozero National Park (Russia) and Green Tourism Business Scheme (Great Britain) are considered. The scientific novelty of the research lies in considering the organizational aspect of ecotourism through the concept of responsible business conduct, as well as identifying the features of its implementation in the field of ecotourism. As a result of the study, it was concluded that in the field of ecotourism, the implementation of the concept of responsible business conduct has a pronounced focus on environmental protection and consumer satisfaction, leaving out of direct sight the areas of human rights, fair labor, fair finance and anti-corruption, which are no less important in the global mechanisms of the OECD, UNEP and the Sustainable Hospitality Alliance. Responsible business institutions in the field of ecotourism in Russia are currently being formed spontaneously and without formalization. An example of the regional formalization of responsible business institutions in the field of ecotourism is the Green Tourism Business Scheme, which stimulates the creation of responsible supply chains in the formation of regional tourism products.

К ВОПРОСУ О СОЗДАНИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ БИЗНЕС-ЭКОСИСТЕМЫ ТУРИЗМА И ГОСТЕПРИИМСТВА

The article presents the results of a study of the relevance of the development of a regional digital ecosystem of tourism and hospitality in the framework of ensuring the transition to the concept of "Tourism 4.0". The main trends and drivers that form the demand for the sale, booking and provision of tourist services on the Internet are considered. The trends of changes in consumer behavior that positively affect the increase in demand and volume of users of digital services, which include the development of services and the growth of the e-commerce market, the positive dynamics of the growth of mobile online sales and the formation of consumer habits of mobile content consumption, an increase in the number of users involved during the pandemic and the economic maturation of generation Z users, are considered. The data on the level of integration into the Internet of tourist enterprises providing information services and carrying out commercial activities on the Network are presented. The current range of digital solutions is presented and the current state of their implementation in the business processes of the tourism and hospitality industry in Russia is analyzed, promising technologies from the point of view of efficiency are identified. The changes in the online segment of tourist services in 2022 related to the withdrawal from the market of foreign services for booking accommodation, air tickets, etc., as well as the initiation of Russian digital projects designed to serve the existing demand of domestic and inbound tourist flows are analyzed. As a result, the author draws conclusions about the feasibility of creating regional tourism and hospitality industries along with the national ecosystem and provides examples of projects already being implemented. Among the important conclusions can be noted: the inability of the all-Russian platform to take into account the specifics of a particular region, as a result of which a single ecosystem standard can negatively affect the competitiveness of regional tourism products and services; mutual integration of national and regional ecosystems will increase the user base of services, as well as form an in-depth system for collecting and analyzing user data on behavior scenarios and decision-making for the formation of promotion and management strategies assortment and tourist flows.

Competitive Benchmarking of Tourism Resources and Products in Extremadura as Factors of Competitiveness by Identifying Strengths and Convergences of Spanish Regions in the Period 2010–2018

In a globalized and interconnected world, and with increased leisure time, competition between tourism destinations has increased considerably. For this reason, the periodic measurement of tourism competitiveness has become a basic tool for tourism management today. It is not only necessary to determine the tourism competitiveness of destinations in a given period of time (static analysis); the continuous changes which are now occurring in the tourism industry also make it necessary to measure them from time to time (dynamic analysis). The periodic measurement of the competitiveness of Spanish regions as destinations is the objective of the Monitur report. This paper aims to analyze the evolution of one of its most important mainstays, namely the diversification and structuring of regional tourism products. Based on a set of 25 indicators, the relative evolution of the 17 Spanish Autonomous Regions regarding this mainstay between 2010 and 2018 has been compared, and those aspects in which the regions have shown increased relative competitiveness (convergence or competitive reinforcement) and those in which they have shown reduced relative competitiveness (divergence or competitive weakening) in each region have been identified. Based on the results obtained, a competitive benchmarking exercise was carried out to compare the evolution of Extremadura with that of the four regions with the best overall record in terms of competitiveness between 2010 and 2018. In this way it has been possible to suggest improvements in the region’s range of products and services so as to increase its tourism competitiveness in the medium and longer terms.

Природно-рекреационный потенциал региона: возможности и перспективы использования в постпандемийный период

The main content of the study is the analysis of the interpretation of the term “natural and recreational potential” in its modern understanding, given the increased role of the tourism industry in preserving and building up human potential in the post-pandemic period. The study of this problem against the background of the new Tourism and the Hospitality Industry National Project currently being developed is relevant, since it affects the key component of the natural resource base for the development of the national economy, reveals the strategic prospects for ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of the regions of the country with recreational and tourist specialization. The authors conclude that the natural recreational potential is not only the totality of the natural recreational resources of the territory in their quantitative and qualitative representation, but also the prevailing conditions for their use (subjective and objective), latent capacities that can limit or activate the development of tourist activities in the regions. The hierarchical structure of the natural and recreational potential of the region is presented, which includes, in addition to natural recreational resources, a group of factors that affect the efficiency of their use. The paper determines that access to the technological aspects of tourism industry management, using digitalization in the Big Data mode, is a key factor in ensuring the rational and effective use of natural and recreational potential in the creation of regional tourism products, to promote sustainable socio-economic development regions of Russia. In the course of the research, along with general scientific methods, systemic and structural-functional approaches, comparative and retrospective methods of analysis were used.

Natural Resources as a Factor in Production of a Regional Tourist Product and in Creation of Tourist Destinations

Introduction. Geographical location of natural resources is a determinant of localization of tourism. Based on the results of the research conducted, the article studies the theoretical and practical aspects of transformation of natural resources into a factor in production and consumption of a tourist product, as well as those of formation of directions for the flow of tourists. Materials and Methods. Materials of surveys of potential tourists conducted by independent research firms, Russian and foreign scientific publications and expert assessments, as well as the results of research carried out by the author of the article were used as the information base of the study. To assess the role and place of natural resources in the production and consumption of a tourist product, content analysis, as well as structural and functional analysis were employed. Using the methods of logical interpretation, statistical data processing, tabular and graphical methods, a scheme of transformation of natural resources into a factor in production and consumption of a tourist product has been devised and the degree of consumer preference for a tourist destination has been identified. Results. The study has identified problematic aspects of the use of natural resources in tourism, one of which is the underestimation of such resources as a basic factor in production and consumption of a tourist product, which negatively affects the level of economic feasibility of tourism development programs. The role of natural resources in formation of tourist needs and directions of the flow of tourists has been revealed. Conclusions have been drawn about the growing need for tourism with the predominance of the natural component of the tourist product and about the gradual formation of preconditions for local manifestations of overtourism and tourism phobia, in particular in the resorts in the South of Russia. The author has formulated proposals aimed at improving the economic feasibility of domestic tourism development programs. Discussion and Conclusion. Availability of natural resources is the primary basic condition for production and consumption of a tourist product. Significant costs for their transformation into tourist goods increase the requirements for the level of reasonableness of managerial decisions. The research results can be applied in strategic and medium-term planning of the development of domestic tourism in Russian regions on the basis of their natural potential.

Travel Journalism in Tourism Product Marketing: Regional Aspect

The article examines the promotion of a regional tourism product in the modern media space. We studied the conditions of the dynamic development of tourism and travel industry in the Russian Federation and abroad, creation of a positive image of a particular region, and promotion of certain tourist services. The research emphasized that the promotion of a tourist product is an important part of the strategy for the development of domestic and inbound tourism. In Russia, each region is faced with the need to create a concept for the presentation of its territory on the tourist market, based on geographical, socio-economic, cultural, ethnographic, and recreational characteristics. Promotion of a tourist destination, brand communication of local routes and increasing their competitiveness is becoming one of the priorities in the development of the Lipetsk region. Lipetsk Territory is a promising area of domestic and inbound tourism due to a number of factors: favorable geographical location, moderate climate, variety of tourist facilities, and dynamically developing tourist infrastructure. Currently, the region has such types of tourism as excursion and educational, religious, event, gastronomic, sports, nostalgic, and rural. Today, despite the rapid development of the latest technologies in the field of mass media, traditional media, including local ones, can significantly influence the popular mentality of those interested in travel journalism. The results of the study point out to the role of the impact of local media on addressing the problems of domestic tourism within a certain territory, and the necessity of expanding tourist content in regional media to create a positive image of the Lipetsk region on the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad.

Глэмпинг как драйвер инновационного развития туристской территории

The main purpose of the study is to analyze the possibility of developing a tourist area through the development and implementation of an innovative product in the hospitality and ecological tourism industry. The article notes that over the past year, under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic and the introduction of restrictions on outbound tourism, especially international tourism, there is a high demand for domestic eco-tours and recreation in Russia, which contributes to the further development of the entire glamping industry in the country. It is also shown that the convenient location of the Saratov region in three natural and climatic zones, as well as such a powerful resource as the great Volga River, are a potential advantage for the construction of glamping in the region. As a result of the study, the proposed sites for the location of glamping were established, the main preferences of consumers of these tourist services in the region were determined. A description of the design development aimed at creating glamping in a specific territory of the Saratov region is presented. In conclusion, it is concluded that new forms of accommodation bring variety to the regional tourism product and contribute to improving the quality of service.

Сучасні тенденції розвитку туристичного бізнесу в регіонах України

The article is aimed at studying the trends in tourism development in the regions of Ukraine. By analyzing, systematizing and generalizing statistical data and research works of many scientists, the author considers the state and trends of travel industry development in various regions of Ukraine, reveals problems in regional tourism development, substantiates areas of travel industry development in Ukraine, in general, and its regions, in particular. As a result of the study, current trends in tourism development in the regions of Ukraine are outlined, namely: the revival of tourism alternates with recessions; Ukraine’s image remains uncertain in the global market environment; the outbound tourist flow prevails over the inbound one; the private tourism share is the largest one in the structure of tourist flows both from Ukraine and to Ukraine; the neighboring countries share is the largest one in the geographical structure of tourist flows; tourism is most developed in the following regions of Ukraine: the city of Kyiv and Kyiv, Lviv, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa and Zaporizhzhia regions; tourism is least developed in Luhansk, Kirovohrad, Zhytomyr, Ternopil, Rivne, and Sumy regions. The study reveals such problems of tourism development in the regions of Ukraine: logistics imperfection; ignoring environmental, sanitary and epidemiological issues; non-transparency of tourism business; social and political instability; global coronavirus pandemic; lack of effective demand, etc. The research in question has made it possible to determine such prospects for developing travel industry in the regions of Ukraine: the achievement of European and world standards for the ratio of service quality and prices for tourism services; adaptation of regulatory and legislative acts of the travel industry to the standards accepted in the European and world community; attracting investment in the tourism business; creation of an attractive tourist image of the regions and promotion of regional tourist products in the national and international tourist markets; development of the infrastructure of regional tourist markets, etc.

Regional Tourist Products Formation in the Tourist Market of Khabarovsk Territory amid the Pandemic

Regional Tourist Products Formation in the Tourist Market of Khabarovsk Territory amid the Pandemic

Green tract organizing prospects in Ukraine as an internal tourism market development priority direction

The development of tourism in the region is part of the socio-economic complex, and directly affects such industries as manufacturing, trade, transport, agriculture and the production of consumer goods, and is also one of the promising areas in the formation of the economy`s GDP. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, rural green tourism has become a separate significant sector of the tourism market in the developed countries of the world. Most of the Ukrainian regions, relying on the unique nature, rich cultural and material heritage as well as traditions of the rural population, are also successfully implementing projects in the field of rural green tourism. However, in general, its share in the total volume of tourist services in Ukraine remains relatively low. Therefore, the possibility of developing rural green tourism, including the organization of greenways, is still extremely relevant. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations regarding the prospects of organizing Greenways in Ukraine as a priority area for the development of the domestic tourism market, in particular the Kharkiv region. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set and solved: the features of the formation and development of rural green tourism in Ukraine and the Kharkiv region were revealed; a greenway to support and popularize rural green tourism in the Kharkiv region was developed. Research methodology. To accomplish the assigned research tasks, general scientific and special methods were used: analysis and synthesis - during the study of the role and place of tourism in the development of regions; logical, dialectical, method of generalization, complex and systemic approaches - to improve the conceptual apparatus of the research; statistical analysis, comparison and generalization - during the study of the features of the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of rural green tourism. As a result of the study, priority directions for the development of tourism were identified, which need to be implemented primarily in Ukraine and in the Kharkiv region in particular. For this, the authors have chosen the direction of the combination of active tourism with a cognitive component. Realization of the tourist potential of the Kharkiv region includes the creation of a greenway with cycling equipment. The ecological route “Greenways of the Kharkiv region” introduces the richness and diversity of the natural, cultural and historical heritage of the Kharkiv region, its traditions, culture, crafts, interesting people who preserve the originality of these places, friendly owners of agro-estates, where you can interestingly relax, try national cuisine and dive into the folk life traditions. Findings. The organization of the greenway will: improve and maintain the quality of the environment and create new opportunities for recreation; provide connections between district and suburban green spaces; create opportunities for active recreation, provide alternative transport routes. Further development of this and other greenways in Ukraine will create a positive image and increase the attractiveness of the territory, form a regional tourism product, increase tourist flows and ensure budget replenishment.

THE IMPACT OF CREATIVE INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY IN EUROPE AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Summary. Formulation of the problem. The problem of the impact of creative innovative technologies on the sustainable development of the tourism industry in Europe after the pandemic COVID-19 is gaining importance in all sectors (transport, raising the rating of tourism, the impact on sustainable development). The COVID-19 pandemic has strengthened the conscious attitude to the ideas of sustainable development in tourism and with the beginning of the pandemic the social and ecological responsibility in the behavior of travelers has significantly increased. Recent research and analysis of publications. Some aspects of the impact of creative innovative technologies on the sustainable development of the tourism industry in Europe after the COVID-19 pandemic are studied by tourism experts, in analytical reports, identified by tourism experts. The authors used their achievements in the development of this topic, in particular L. Bezkorovaina, N. Vengerska. V. Voronkova, A. Cherep, O. Cherep. The purpose of the article is to conceptualize the impact of creative innovative technologies on the sustainable development of the tourism industry in Europe after the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives of the study: 1) to analyze the ranking of countries that affect the sustainable development of tourism; 2) to analyze sustainable development as the future of the European paradigm of the strategy of regeneration of the tourism industry in Europe after the COVID-19 pandemic; 3) to reveal the directions of digitalization spread to all spheres, including tourism; 4) to find out the directions of restoration of the tourist sector and its transformation into a highly efficient branch of sustainable development; 5) to identify the main objectives of the restoration of the tourism sector and its transformation into a highly efficient area of sustainable development in the context of the European paradigm. A study of the European paradigm is presented, which demonstrates the positive shifts in the field of sustainable development, showing the ratings of countries. This article analyzes global and local innovations for the development of tourism potential of regions and attracting investment for the development of regional tourism product as a key tool for solving domestic tourism problems. Digitalization is declared the main driver of tourism development. It is noted that small and medium enterprises in the tourism sector are moving to the use of cloud technologies, data analysis, artificial intelligence and others. Research findings. It is proved that the directions of restoration of the tourism sector and its transformation into a highly efficient area of sustainable development in the context of the European paradigm include: innovative space provided with advanced technologies that promote sustainable development of the tourist area, simplification of interaction and integration which includes creativity, sustainability, coordination and collaboration, responsibility and use of IT tools and applications.

ГЕОДЕЗІЯ, КАРТОГРАФІЯ І АЕРОФОТОЗНІМАННЯ

Analyzing GIS technologies` products for strengthening the tourist attractiveness of the destination and research of possibilities of GIS-technologies at the formation of a tourist product is the purpose of this work. The relevance of this study lies in the need to apply innovative approaches to GIS technologies` usages in the development of national tourism products. The research methodology is based on the application of the statistical method of data processing, the cartographic method of research with the use of GIS, and the method of spatial analysis. General scientific, systematic and informational approaches are also used. The results of the study are an analysis of existing products of GIS technologies and the state of their implementation in tourism, the study of interactive maps and geoportals as tools for the successful solution of problems in the modern tourism sector. It has been found that geoportals significantly help to form a national infrastructure of geospatial data. In the publication I consider two levels of GIS implementation: national and regional. I gave vivid examples of newly created national geoportals and tourist geoportals of the regions of Ukraine, interactive maps of amateur tourists. I considered in more detail the development of GIS technologies` products of such a tourist destination as the Chernihiv region. In particular, as an example, an overview of one of the most functional in Ukraine geoportals - The Geoportal of the urban cadastre of the Chernihiv region is given. A thematic tour of the Chernihiv region was projected with the help of GIS. The scientific novelty of this study is identifying the features of the use of cartographic research methods, especially GIS technologies to study the tourist resources of the territory, the creation of new regional tourism products. I propose to use the method of spatial analysis in the creation of the thematic tour. The practical significance lies in the use of GIS technology products to create cartographic products, such as maps, series of maps, atlases, 3D models, virtual tours. Its help to study in detail the tourist objects of the region contribute to management decisions, and further development and promotion of tourism. The database created during the study can be used to form other types of tourism products. The proposed method of using spatial analysis in the creating of the tour can be useful for expanding the GIS technologies` field of usage.

“Tourist Space” as a Concept: Scientific Approaches to the Study

The article attempts to generalize various points of view of foreign and domestic scientists on the concept of “tourist space”, its potential and structure as an object of construction. The main scientific approaches to understanding the tourist space (geographical, economic, economic-geographical, social, sociocultural, interdisciplinary) have been identified and systematized, their characteristic features have been identified. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the most holistic concept of the tourist space can be presented as part of an interdisciplinary approach with the involvement of specialists from various fields and areas involved in the creation, arrangement and development of tourist spaces of the worlds regions. Based on the combination of numerous typological criteria for tourist space proposed by scientists, its main elements are identified. In conclusion, the problem areas in the study of tourist space are identified which, in the opinion of the authors, not yet reflected in the understanding of its essence. The results of the study can be used in developing the fundamental theory of tourism, in developing concepts and strategies for the development of tourism in the regions of Russia to increase the competitiveness of regional tourism products and their promotion in the domestic and international tourism services market.

МЕТОДИКА ОЦЕНКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ СФЕРЫ РЕКРЕАЦИИ И ТУРИЗМА РЕГИОНА В УСЛОВИЯХ НОВОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ НА ОСНОВЕ DEA-МОДЕЛИ

Any regional area of recreation and tourism (CRT) is a large economic system that is influenced by a large number of a wide variety of external factors: economic, political, legal, organizational and other, including unpredictable (for example, a pandemic COVID-19, natural disasters or other similar events), which are increasingly faced in a new reality. Taking into account the impact of such a set of factors is very problematic, since the nature of the influence of a factor on the activities of the system is far from always known. In addition, the relative contribution of the total tourist product produced by the region (RTP) to the gross regional product of GRP, that is, the ratio of RTP/ GRP, should be considered as the final result of recreational tourism activities. The traditional view of the tourist product is that goods and services are considered “tourist products” only because they are created by enterprises that provide “tourist services” themselves (hotels, tour operators, etc.). A significant drawback of this approach is that the activities of enterprises that are not directly related to the tourism sector, but produce goods and services, some of which are somehow consumed by tourists and vacationers coming to the region, are completely not taken into account. These are enterprises of trade, transport, catering, culture, sports, leisure and entertainment, etc. The purpose of the article is to describe how with the help of DEA - analysis it is possible to take into account the contribution of a combined regional tourist product and evaluate the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors for the sphere.

Product strategy of public authorities in the market of inbound tourism in Ukraine

Purpose. The aim of the article is to disclosure the essence of the main components of the product strategy of public authorities at the macro and meso levels in the market of inbound tourism in Ukraine. Methodology of research. The research uses dialectical and systemic approaches, according to which the elements of the product strategy of public authorities at the macro and meso levels are considered in the relationship and interdependence. The methods of formalization, structural synthesis and scientific generalization are used in the development of measures of commodity, price and communication strategies of public authorities in the course of the research. Findings. The product strategy of public authorities for the development of inbound tourism to Ukraine has been developed and its components have been identified. The factors influencing the choice of the type of standardized or adapted marketing strategy are identified. It is established that the task of the product strategy is to ensure the rational use of tourist and recreational resources in Ukraine; the pricing strategy of public authorities provides for the regulation of prices for different categories of tourists and for stays in protected areas; communication strategy is aimed at promoting national and regional tourism products, brand formation and tourism image of Ukraine and its destinations. The essence of marketing tools that should be used in the implementation of product, sales and communication strategies is highlighted. Originality. Proposals have been developed for the components of the product strategy of public authorities, their tasks and the use of marketing tools for their implementation. Practical value. The results of scientific developments and practical recommendations given in the article can be used by public authorities at the macro and meso levels in developing a product strategy for the inbound tourism market in Ukraine. Key words: product strategy, commodity strategy, price strategy, communication strategy, public authorities, macro level, meso level.

Tourism Technology Platforms as a Tool for Supporting Competitiveness of Regional Tourism Products

The paper addresses problems of tourism zone development in the Russia’s economic space via the implementation of tourism technology platforms, allowing for sustainable reproduction of competitive regional tourism products. Practical experience in using tourism technology platforms abroad and prospects for their introduction in Russia are considered. The authors conclude that presently, during the transition to a digital and smart economy, the introduction of tourism technology platforms is a prerequisite for increasing the competitiveness of Russia’s regional tourism products. The main research methods were comparative and content analysis; and the main research approaches were systemic, integrated, and interdisciplinary. The results of the study can be used to develop a fundamental theory of tourism, as well as concepts and strategies for the spatial development of Russian regions.

Кластерный подход и развитие туризма в Новосибирской области

The study focuses on the main trends in the tourism industry of the Novosibirsk region. It is shown that the regional industry is developing in line with the national trends and falls with the general development trends of domestic and inbound tourism set forth in the documents of strategic development at the federal and sub-federal levels. The article discusses the aspects of the tourism industry, which determine the specifics of its functioning related to the geographical concentration, heterogeneity, and multiplicity of participants as well as the complex nature of the tourist product. It is concluded that the application of cluster approach to tourism development seems rather appropriate. The work determines priority types of tourism and clusters to be formed and developed in the Novosibirsk region. Besides, the article describes the factors, opportunities and restrictions for tourism development in Novosibirsk region in terms of demand. It has been shown that the expectations regarding the development of domestic tourism against the background of global failure of international passenger traffic are only partially justified since hardly can Russian domestic tourism be an equivalent substitution for the outbound tourism. Under these circumstances, the cluster tourism policy should mainly focus on the following priority directions: domestic and mainly short-term tourism; increase in the activity of tour operators in the formation of regional tourist products; development of tourism and infrastructure facilities.

Regional Features of Ecotourism Activity Development in Ukraine: Comparative Analysis

At present, ecological tourism as a priority area of the regional economy needs transformational transformations that will help increase the tourist competitiveness of the regions of Ukraine and sustainable development of territories. The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis of strategic documents in the development of ecotourism and infrastructure, taking into account regional characteristics. To achieve this goal, methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, structural and logical analysis were used. The article analyses the strategies of regional development for 2021-2027. Based on the analysis, it is established that in a significant number of strategic documents the priority areas include accelerating the achievement of competitiveness and innovation of the region’s economy on the basis of smart specialization. Regional strategies do not address the creation of appropriate conditions for the formation of the institutional environment for the development of ecotourism. Only in the Development Strategies of Lviv and Odesa oblasts, among the strategic goals, tourist attractiveness is recognized due to the formation of the appropriate infrastructure. At the same time, the term “rural green tourism” is most often used in tourism and recreation development programs implemented in most regions of Ukraine. It is proved that there are differences and inaccuracies in the applied terminology on the problems of ecotourism. The programs usually talk about the formation of tourist infrastructure, but do not say anything about the creation of ecotourism infrastructure. The mechanisms of organizational, economic, informational, financial support for the development of ecotourism activities are not prescribed. Therefore, it is expedient to make changes and additions to the Strategies of regional development until 2027 and programs for the development of tourism and recreation, the content of which is to include a set of measures to intensify the development of ecotourism and the formation of ecotourism infrastructure. This will create a positive tourist image of the regions of Ukraine; increase their competitiveness and investment attractiveness; to ensure the growth of employment and the share of tax revenues from business activities in the ecotourism sector; increase the number of domestic tourists, including “weekend” tourists, sales of regional tourist products, the number of tourist routes, the number of newly created ecotourism and recreational facilities, the number of employees in the tourism industry.

Просторова диференціація туристичної привабливості регіонів України

The article undertakes a comprehensive study of problems of spatial differentiation of tourist attractiveness in terms of Ukrainian regions. The main components of differentiation are defined and it is identified that the assessment of tourist attractiveness of certain regions in terms of spatial differentiation is the basis for the formation of an efficient and profitable tourism business, it determines the peculiarities and structure of the regional tourist product, new tourist routes, formation of priority directions, etc. In the course of an analysis of literary sources of famous scientists-economists, the author’s definition of the category of «spatial differentiation» in the sphere of tourism was elaborated. The article sums up the main factors that characterize the tourist attractiveness of the regions of Ukraine, through which it is possible to assess the tourist attractiveness of the respective regions to identify the most promising directions of development of the tourism sphere and overcome spatial differentiation, which will allow developing an effective strategy for sustainable development of tourism in the regions in the future. The author’s definition of «tourist attractiveness of region« is proposed, which takes into account all theoretical-methodological and practical researches of the problem. Methods for solving problems of multidimensional assessment are defined and it is substantiated that the method of taxonomic analysis distinguishes the simplicity of the mathematical apparatus, the absence of any requirements for the set of the objects studied, a more convenient scale of the received estimates, making it easier to analyze and rank objects. The scheme of taxonomic analysis using factor analysis is proposed, the main purpose of which is to reduce the number of indicators and determine the structure of the relationships between them. The matrix of standardized indicator values was developed and it was concluded that the use of the economic-mathematical model, which is based on taxonomic analysis, allows forming reasonable sets of indicators and getting ratings of regions of Ukraine by the level of the economic component of tourist attractiveness. Practical application of this method is shown in the definition of progressive and depressed regions of Ukraine in the sphere of provision of tourist services.