Regional Museum Research Articles

МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ІНДУСТРІЇ ВІННИЦЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

The article examines the strategies and practices of tourism industry management in Vinnytsia region, in particular, in the context of the influence of global trends and internal factors, such as legal and physical entities of tourism activity, infrastructure development, and changes in demand and supply for tourist services. The dynamics of the number of tourist enterprises and their changes during the last years, which operated in the conditions of the pandemic and war, were analyzed. It is argued that the most popular types of tourism in Vinnytsia in 2020 were: historical and cultural, medical and recreational, religious and sports tourism, with an emphasis on cultural and cognitive leisure, which is one of the main directions. The importance of cultural heritage and the presence of infrastructure to attract the attention of tourists is emphasized. It has been proven that in 2020, the tourist attractions of the Vinnytsia region that were most popular among tourists were: the National Manor Museum of M. I. Pirogov; Lyadivskyi Holy Usiknovinsky rock men's monastery and Brailivskyi Holy Trinity women's monastery; ROSHEN fountain; Vinnytsia Regional Museum of Local Lore; Potocki Palace in Tulchyn; State historical and cultural reserve "Busha". In the context of sustainable development and ensuring the harmonious development of territories, the article highlights the dynamics and sources of financing local budgets from the tourist tax. It is noted that even when observing a drop in the amount of receipts in 2020, the general trend indicates a certain positive development of this sector. Based on the results of a survey of residents of the region on the use of tourism potential and their priorities, key aspects that can be decisive in the development of tourism in the Vinnytsia region are highlighted. The components of the tourism potential of the region are substantiated and the priority directions for the further development of the tourism industry are motivated, taking into account views on the sustainability and harmonious development of the region in the context of the interaction "government-community-tourist infrastructure".

«Выставка открылась в вдвойне неслучайном месте…»

In September-October 2023 in the Hermitage-Siberia center of the Omsk Region Museum of Fine Arts. M. A. Vrubel hosted the exhibition «Siberian Seasons of the Leningrad Philharmonic. To the 80th anniversary of the 1943 tour»; the project had great public outcry. The exhibition featured unique documents, restored at the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, related to the stay and creative activities of the Philharmonic in the Siberian rear. A conversation with Yu. Z. Kantor, the curator of this museum project, that took place in October 2023, is devoted to its significance and substantive features.

АНАТОЛИЮ ИВАНОВИЧУ МАРТЫНОВУ - 90 ЛЕТ

The article overviews the activities of the famous Siberian archaeologist A.I. Martynov, who has been working in Kemerovo Region for 68 years. He headed the Regional Museum of Local History, explored archaeological sites of South Siberia, took part in the museumification of the archaeological rock art site “Tomskaya Pisanitsa”, and created a scientific archaeological school at Kemerovo State University. In the university, Professor A.I. Martynov established the Department of Archaeology, which he headed for 23 years. He still works at the Department of Museum Affairs at Kemerovo State Institute of Culture and at the Museum-Reserve “Tomskaya Pisanitsa”. The article also discusses the researcher’s personality traits, which enabled him to achieve outstanding results in the organization of archaeological science in the Kemerovo Region.

Volyn regional Museum archaeological collection on scientific periodical pages of Independence time

The article examines Volyn regional Museum archaeological collection (hereinafter – VRM) through the prism of scientific researches published in domestic periodicals during the period of Ukraine's independence. The relevance of the research is related to the necessity of study and popularization of the transitive archaeological heritage, which performs important sociocultural functions, such as the restoration of historical memory and the preservation of cultural self-identification of identity, which is especially relevant due to modern events, the influence of neighboring cultures and growing globalization. During the research, author characterized the quantitative composition of VRM archaeological collection. At the end of 2022, it had 23,880 registration numbers, which makes the collection one of the largest archaeological collections in Western Ukraine. The author noted that the accumulation of archaeological objects inVRM collections did not go unnoticed by scientists from various cities and institutions. The results of their researches were usually published in the form of articles and reports in domestic scientific periodicals and magazines. The main tasks followed by the researchers were the involvement of the archaeological collection objects to the scientific circulation, their attribution clarification, comprehensive analysis of the incomes. The author assorted all scientific publications related to the VRM archaeological collection according to several criteria. One of the main ones is their writing form and style. Reviews and analytical publications are highlighted. In the first ones, authors described collections or selections of objects, characterized their external features and functional purpose. Most of them are written in short informative messages form. On the other hand, in analytical publications objects from different monuments were compared, was presented their in-depth interpretation, and were drown conclusions about particular ethno-cultural or ethno-historical issues. Almost all analytical publications are written as large scientific articles. Another important criterion for the publications systematization of the VHLM archaeological collection is the scientific publications type in which they were published. Conventionally, they can be divided into informative archaeological collections, regional historical and local history publications, all-Ukrainian specialist publications on archeology and ancient history. The largest number of articles written about the VRM collections belong to H. Okhrimenko, and they were also actively researched by the State Enterprise "Volyn Starozhytnosti" employees. Researchers paid special attention to materials from the Neolithic, Bronze Age, Middle Ages, and early modern times. Despite a significant number of publications, most objects from the VRM archaeological collection have not been introduced into scientific circulation, and many artifacts require re-attribution.

АНДРОНОВСКИЕ ПОГРЕБЕНИЯ НА МОГИЛЬНИКЕ КЫТМАНОВО (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ РАСКОПОК В.И. КАЦА В 1961 Г.)

The article presents the previously unpublished results of V.I. Katz’s archaeological excavations at the Kytmanovo burial ground, discovered by him in 1961 during routine surveys. The site was located on the left bank of the Chumysh River in the Kytmanovsky District of the Altai Territory in the area of a brick factory. Information from the authors’ correspondence with V.I. Katz, as well as materials of his report and the collection stored in the Kemerovo Regional Museum of Local Lore is given. The researcher recorded nine burials belonging to the Andronovo archaeological culture of the Bronze Age. This is evidenced by the peculiarities of the burial rites (orientation and position of the dead people, the presence of wooden intra-burial structures, etc.) and the peculiarities of the discovered inventory, the basis of which are ceramic vessels. The presented characteristics and illustrations of the obtained archaeological material find numerous analogies in the Andronovo sites of the Upper Priobie and adjacent territories.

НА ПУТИ К БУДУЩЕМУ Социально-экономическое развитие в контексте истории в книге: Философова Т. Г., Сырцов Д. Н., Сырцова О. Н. Философовы: путешествия из Костромы в Псков через Москву и Санкт-Петербург или тысячелетняя история потомственного дворянского рода в лицах

The article gives a positive assessment of the book under review, notes the importance of interdisciplinary studies of socio-economic processes conducted by its authors in a historical context, taking into account the contributions of representatives of the Russian hereditary noble family of the Filosofovs. The materials presented in the book draw attention to the objects of cultural heritage, to the problem of their preservation and prospects for the promotion of regional museums in the market of tourist services. The special advantage of the book is that it raises the issue of the formation of people's spiritual and moral guidelines and humanistic values, which is relevant for our time.

Десять лет истории Северо-Кавказского краевого музея горских народов им. большевика Муссы Кундухова (1926–1936 гг.)

The peoples of the multinational North Caucasus region have preserved their distinctive culture for many years. The Soviet government contributed to this in every possible way. The guides of this policy of the state were museums, research and local history organizations that existed and were newly created in the autonomous regions. One of such museums was the Museum of the Mountain peoples. The article examines the history of the formation and development of the North-Caucasus Regional Museum of Mountain Peoples named after Bolshevik Mussa Kundukhov, the main directions of its activities in 1926- 1936. Much attention is paid to the expeditionary work of the museum and a number of research organizations, the results of which have significantly replenished the museum collection. The exposition and exhibition activities of the museum are analyzed, educational work is considered. The author paid attention to interesting exhibits and a modern display of materials from the collections of the Museum of Mountain Peoples, which are currently part of the collection of the Stavropol State Museum-Reserve named after G.N. Prozritelev and G. K. Prave.

Report on the jubilee international conference "Towns that created Europe. 70 years of Polish archaeological research in Wolin", Wolin, 26-28.08.2022

On 26-28 August 2022, an anniversary conference was held in Wolin entitled 'Towns that created Europe. 70 years of Polish archaeological research in Wolin'. The event was organised as part of the 6th Wolin Medievalist Meetings by the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Andrzej Kaube Regional Museum in Wolin, the National Museum in Szczecin and the Wolin Municipality. The event was held under the honorary patronage of the Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Culture and National Heritage, Prof. dr. hab. Piotr Gliński, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prof. dr. hab. Zbigniew Rau, Minister of Education and Science, Dr. hab. Przemysław Czarnek, Deputy Minister of Infrastructure Marek Gróbarczyk, West Pomeranian Voivode Zbigniew Bogucki, and the Polish National Committee of the International Council for Monuments Protection ICOMOS POLAND. The conference was attended by nearly 70 participants (including 19 speakers) from Poland, Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Spain, Estonia, Ukraine and England. During the conference, a letter of intent to include Wolin on the UNESCO World Heritage List was signed.

Once again about the helmet with golden notch from the collection of the North Kazakhstan Regional Museum

The article deals with a vintage iron helmet owned by the Northern Kazakhstan Regional Museum (Petropavlovsk, Republic of Kazakhstan). The design and decoration of the helmet are described in detail, the dating and attribution are specified, and photographs of the headpiece are presented for the first time under all main angles. Regarding the material of manufacture of the helmet crown, it belongs to the class of iron (steel), by the construction of the crown – to the section of solid-forged articles, by the shape of the dome – to the hemispherical type. The surface of the hoop and the “box-shaped” visor are covered with inscriptions in Arabic, floral and geometric ornaments reproduced in the technique of gold incision on metal. The inscription on the hoop contains verses 255–257 from the Qur’an, Surah 2 Al-Baqarah “The Cow”, while the one on the “shield” of the visor is a prayer for protection, addressed to caliph ʿAli and known as the “message of peace” recited before a long journey or a difficult and dangerous enterprise, including combat action. During the use of the headpiece, the original pommel was removed and replaced with a slightly convex copper alloy pommel. Typological analysis allows us to date the helmet within the 17th – early 18th century. The item could have been manufactured in Mawara’annahr, Xinjiang, or a certain town on the Syr Darya, for a high-ranking Uzbek, Uyghur, or Kazakh warrior. This definition may explain the combination of a solid crown and a hoop with Arabic inscriptions with a box-type visor typical of helmets worn by Mongolian and Turkic nomads of Central Asia. The closest parallels are found in the museums of Kazakhstan. Judging by the traces of repair and reconstruction, this helmet was used for a long time.

Fabric from the Collection of Finds of the 13th–14th Centuries Found in the Tunka Valley (Republic of Buryatia)

Collection No. 192 is kept in the Irkutsk regional museum of local history. There is no documentation for the collection. Most of the items in the collection date back to 13th – 14th centuries. They are probably the accompaniments to burials excavated by B.E. Petri in the middle of 20s of 20th century in the Tunka valley on the Mondy 1 burial ground. The collection includes two fragments of silk fabric. On one of them, a leaf with a complicated edge is woven with gold threads, on the other – a parrot sitting on a peony shrub. It can be assumed that the first fragment is part of a ceremonial robe. The second fragment could have been part of boots, a handbag, or a large robe trimmed with fur. A silk headscarf with parrots and peonies embroidered with gold threads, similar to images from collection No. 192, was found in burial No. 6 of the Nogoon Gozgor 1 burial ground on the northern shore of Lake Khovsgol in Mongolia. Based on AMS14С dating, this burial, like Mondy 1, is dated to 14th century.

Metal Wear of the Ancient Nomads of the Altai Foothills: Х-ray fluorescence analysis and cultural-chronological attribution

For a long time, the Mayemir (Mayemer) culture of the Early Saka period was considered insufficiently well-studied. By now the range of sources has expanded considerably with the excavation of barrows at several burial grounds. Specific archaeological materials have been obtained. This situation has determined the necessity of additional involvement of museum objects and their study at the interdisciplinary level. The article considers two metal objects (a mirror and a war hammer), which are stored in the Regional Museum of Rubtsovsk (Altai Territory, Russia). They were discovered at the junction of the northwestern foothills of the Altai and the Aleysk steppe. For the first time an X-ray fluorescent analysis of the exhibits has been made and the specifics of the bronze alloy used have been established. On the basis of the involved analogies the cultural-chronological attribution of important finds has been carried out.

THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF THE MUSEUM WORK IN TRANSCARPATHIA OF THE 20TH CENTURY

The article analysed the historiographical heritage of the history of museum work in Transcarpathia in the 20th century. The historical conditions of the creation and formation of the museums of Transcarpathia have been highlighted, and the museum's role as a public institution for the preservation and study of the region's cultural heritage has been revealed. The main stages of the research of the Transcarpathian Museum of the 20th century are highlighted according to the chronological principle of the pre-Soviet period (the 1920s and 1930s), the Soviet period (1945 – 1980s), and the modern Ukrainian period (since 1991). It's worth noting that the process of the historical development of museum construction in Transcarpathia is provided with sources of primary information unevenly, both quantitatively and substantively. Thus, the evidence regarding the stage of origin and formation of regional museum education is extremely limited. Only in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century, when the territory of Transcarpathia was part of the Czechoslovak Republic, the public increasingly began to show increased attention to national traditions, history, culture, and art. The first attempts to create a museum were made by public associations – T. Legotsky Museum Society (1919), Prosvita Society (1920), Regional Museum Society (1929), Society "Russian National Museum" (1930), Ethnographic Society of Subcarpathian Rus (1939). There were scientists, public figures, local historians, and members of cultural and educational societies who left their memories and dedicated their research to the museum work. However, these studies were mainly devoted to separate museums. After the establishment of Soviet power in the region, the network of museum institutions was constantly growing, as proved by the great scientific interest in this problem. In addition to descriptive works, generalizing ones also appear. The burst of interest in the problem occurred in the 1990s when Ukrainian historians got rid of the ideological limitations of Soviet historiography. The number of scientific studies in various contexts of the museum work is also increasing among Transcarpathian scientists. However, today it is possible to state the absence of a comprehensive scientific work that would consider the preconditions, stages of formation, and the first steps of developing the museum work in Transcarpathia in the 20th century. There are also no particular historiographical works or historiographical reviews of this problem.

За стопанската дейност на Евстати Селвели през 1843 г.

The article presents information about the economic activity of Eustati Selveli in 1843, a prominent Renaissance entrepreneur and public figure of the 19th century. It is a continuation of two previous publications that examined this activity of his in the period 1831–1842. In 1843, Eustati Selveli took active part in at least two business structures – the trading company called “Hadji Mincho Hadji Tsachev and Company,” founded together with Hadji Mincho hadji Tsachev, and the trading company called “Eustati Hadji Nikolaou Selveli and Company,” established together with Atanas hadji Nikolaou. Both were set up in 1841. The main part of the information presented in this article was acquired on the basis of Greek-language documents that are stored in the State Archives of Veliko Tarnovo and in the archives of the Regional Museum of History in Veliko Tarnovo. These include contracts concluded between Eustati Selveli and Atanas hadji Nikolaou, a commercial notebook that belonged to their partnership, and a personal notebook of Eustati Selveli. The indicated historical sources contain information about the material and financial condition of Eustati Selveli and about his joint business activity with Atanas hadji Nikolaou. The article presents information about the business partners of Eustati Selveli and Atanas hadji Nikolaou in the year under review; the items which the partners traded in and their prices; the monetary units they used when paying for supplies and their value equal to grosh (the local coin at the time); the ways of delivery of the goods, etc.

Материалната култура – клетата Пепеляшка в дома на Етнологията (образователно есе)

The article aims to provoke a discussion about studying and teaching tangible cultural heritage in Bulgaria. It compares the curricula in Ethnology at different universities. It is obvious that very little attention is drawn to the tangible cultural heritage. This leads to very poor preparation of students who are about to become teachers or to work in museums. A new trend for change is observed at St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo. It is taught by the expert in tangible cultural heritage Pavlin Chaushev, PhD. In recent years, the number of lecture courses in which he presents various aspects of material culture from antiquity to the present day has increased. Plamen Sabev, PhD, who is Head of the Laboratory for restoration and conservation at the Regional Museum of History in Veliko Tarnovo, was also involved in teaching ethnologists. His expertise in 3D reconstructions of museum sites is particularly interesting and promising for students. The author points out the positive effect of studying and teaching tangible and intangible cultural heritage at the University on students, and hopes this trend to be shared by other universities.

Начальник Петроградского губернского жандармского управления Иван Дмитриевич Волков: фрагменты биографии и фотопортрет

The article is devoted to the description of individual pages of the bi-ography of a prominent figure in the law enforcement system of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. Lieutenant General of the Separate Corps of Gendarmes Ivan Dmitrievich Volkov (1854–1917), a participant in the events related to ensuring the security of the Russian state, and the February Revolution of 1917, which became the final chord not only in the history of the monarchy in Russia, but also in the life of himself general.
 The article presents the results of a long-term search for biographical information about I. D. Volkov, who on the eve of the February Revolution held the post of head of the Petrograd provincial gendarme department. The fate of I. D. Volkov, about which there was extremely little information in the scientific literature, is eloquent evidence of the tragedy of the breakdown of the state and global changes in the life of Russia in 1917.
 Based on the study of sources of various types, the use of methods of system analysis, structuralfunctional and the method of legal comparative studies, materials were studied that made it possible to fill in the gaps in the biography of I. D. Volkov: it was possible to clarify the circumstances of death (date, cause, place) and the place of burial former head of the Petrograd GZhU. The study made it possible to introduce into scientific circulation not only sources that were not previously used by scientists, characterizing the organization and activities of the Separate Corps of Gendarmes and its ranks, but also a portrait of Ivan Dmitrievich Volkov, which will now be an attributed source on the history of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. The portrait of I. D. Volkov was discovered in the fund of P. A. Stolypin of the Saratov Regional Museum of Local Lore and is published in this article for the first time.

Digital Creativity and the Regional Museum: Experimental Collaboration at the Convergence of Immersive Media and Exhibition Design

This paper presents the findings of the Within the Walls of York Gaol, an interdisciplinary and collaborative practice-based research project which was established to examine the intersection between emerging forms of immersive media, game design, and contemporary archaeological exhibition design. The project was a collaboration between researchers and practitioners at York Museums Trust, The University of York, and the University of Glasgow and used co-design methods to design and produce two immersive installations in the prison cells at York Castle Museum in collaboration with community groups. The project sought to re-think the role of the museum within regional creative economies and to argue for the importance of the regional museum as a hub for digital design and innovation. Through innovative forms of collaborative research practice the project was able to develop new understandings of the ways in which collaborative approaches to the design and development of interactive digital media can be used to build skilled communities of practice around regional museums. The project took a critical stance to the use of immersive media technologies and led to the development of innovative and highly distinctive digital immersive installations which emerged in response to the specific opportunities and design requirements of museums and their audiences. This paper will set out the findings of this project as well as identify new creative directions and new forms of collaborative design practice which can be adopted and adapted for use across the museum sector.

Soome-ugri rahvaste pärand Eesti Rahva Muuseumi kogudes / Finno-Ugric heritage in the Estonian National Museum

Soome-ugri rahvaste pärand Eesti Rahva Muuseumi kogudes / Finno-Ugric heritage in the Estonian National Museum

Long-Term Positive Effects of Flexible Partnerships

ABSTRACT This article seeks to illustrate the outcome of entering partnerships with open and flexible goals and lines of communication. Two unique, long-term partnerships at a medium-sized, regional museum of art and science are described, with details of the impact of these partnerships and different audiences served. Using current research on best practices for community partnerships and anecdotal information, the article outlines ways to enter open communication with community partners and what to expect out of long-term partnerships.

Нумізматичні досліди Івана Заяця (замітки на маргінесі української нумізматики)

After World War II the development of special (auxiliary) historical disciplines in Lviv was determined by a number of features, including significant changes in the personal composion of their researchers. Some Polish and Ukrainian scientists, who have studied these disciplines, left the city. Instead, some Ukrainians, who had been living in the Ukrainian ethnic territories that have been transmitted to Poland after 1945, were repatriated to Lviv. Among these Ukrainians was a former teacher Ivan Zayats (1887–1968). He has graduated the Faculty of Philosophy of Lviv University (1913), where he had studied history and geography. During the interwar period (1920s – 1930s) he was a teacher in secondary schools in Peremyshl, participated in the cultural and educational life of the local Ukrainian community, was a co-organizer of The Ukrainian regional museum “Stryvigor”. Iv. Zayats has got a job at the Lviv State Republican Historical Museum in August 1946. At this museum he has worked as a researcher and chief custodian of its funds fifteen years. The museum was established by merging several Lviv museums and big local collections in May 1940. After that, this museum has become the owner of the largest collection of coins and medals in the city. Famous Polish museologist Rudolf Menkitskyj was the first who has carried out the work on their arrangement. The next who worked with coins and medals at the museum in 1944–1946 was Marjan Haisig, a former researcher at Lviv University. Iv. Zayats worked with numismatic collection of this museum at 1946–1961. He carried out an inventory, conservation and restoration of old and newly acquired materials, prepared indexes, selected some coins and medals for the museum exhibitions. He also started his scientific work in the field of numismatics at that time. In the 1950s the object of his scientific interests was the Lviv mint of the XIV–XV centuries. As the result of these studies he prepared an article in 1957. The article would have been to be published in the museum`s edition, which called “Reports and notices of the [Lviv State Historical] Museum”. This edition was never published due to a number of objective and subjective factors. Iv. Zayats’ article was not published either, although its content was known to some Lviv historians. We have find the typescript and pre-editions of this work (the text of Iv. Zayats’ article is given in the second part of our publication). The exploring of this article allows us to agree with the positive assessment of this scientific work, which was made by the former head of the Museum of Sphragistics and Numismatics of Lviv University Ivan-Julian Shpytkovskyj. It seems interesting Iv. Zayats’ attempt to consider the issue of issuance and circulation of coins of Lviv minting of the 14th – 15th centuries in the broader context of the changes that affected the Halycian-Volyn lands at this period. Also interesting his attempt to look at the status and relation of the Halychyna state to the Polish and Hungarian kingdoms through the prism of numismatics. Iv. Zayats, in particular, agreed with the opinion of some researchers who have spoken of a personal union between Halychyna and Poland during the reign of King Сasimir (Kazimierz) III and denied the fact of incorporation of Halychyna into Poland. He also wrote about the politically undefined status of Halychyna in relation to Poland and Hungary during the reign of Prince Wladyslaw of Opole and the next transformation this state into an ordinary Hungarian province during the subsequent reign of King Louis (Ludovic) of Hungary. According to Iv. Zayats’ article, the appearance of a Polish eagle on the coins minted in Lviv and the cessation of the issuance of a separate Rus coin in Lviv, was a sign of closer unification of Halychyna and Poland during the reign of King Wladyslaw II Jagiello. At the article listed the types of coins minted at this time in Lviv, presented their images and legends, draws a conclusion about the possible time of cessation of work the mint in the city. At the present time the scientific value of Iv. Zayats’ work reduced after research by Mykola Kotlyar, Stanislava Kubyak and Andriy Kryzhanivskyj. However, now it remains as an interesting monument of Ukrainian historiography of special (auxiliary) historical disciplines of the 1940s and 1950s.

Facing Extinction

When we consider the preservation of the animal body in natural history displays, we primarily think of techniques such as taxidermy or the mounting of a skeletal anatomy. Animal death masks are, by contrast, almost completely unstudied. Although casting has been predominantly understood as a technique for preserving the human face, non-humans have also had their faces captured by the casting of a death mask, and the resultant plaster used for a variety of purposes, from the creation of an accurate taxidermy mount, to featuring as a display object in its own right. ‘Animal Death Masks’ examines three case studies in which death masks play an integral role, all of which feature male gorillas kept in city zoos who grew to be local celebrities and were preserved for display in their regional museum, and each of whom had a cast taken of their face after death. This article argues that animal death masks materialize the distorted boundaries present in museum primate narratives: between indexical representations and artistic portraits, endangered animals and celebrity, conservation and preservation.