Development Of Regional Institutions Research Articles

CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REGIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN, FORTHCOMING TASKS

The article highlights the organization and development of regional higher education institutions after our country gained independence, the high role of these institutions in education for citizens of the country, accessibility and continuity of education, clarifications of existing problems and tasks facing them, a new action plan for the development of regional higher education institutions and their integration into the global system education in the future, at the same time, proposals were put forward, by allocating special scholarships and a number of benefits in order to attract applicants to regional higher education institutions in the future.

Institutional Arrangement of Land Administration and Legal Frameworks for Providing Urban Land to Housing Cooperatives in Ethiopia: Evidence from Bahir Dar City

At global level, raising awareness of land management and institutional development plays an important role in building strong institutions for urban, regional, and national development, especially for housing. This can help the urban homeless by providing urban land when they need it. Hence, robust and well-structured urban land administration institutions are crucial for meeting planned housing land demand and achieving national, regional, and city-level objectives, contributing significantly to urban development. Because an effective urban land delivery system for housing favors low-income groups organized as housing cooperatives. However, substantial gaps in the current literature on land administration institutional structure have not been addressed in depth, notably in performing the land delivery process and utilizing communication as a tool between and within land administration functions and levels. The objective of this article is to investigate how an insufficient land administration institutional structure affects urban land supply to housing cooperatives as a capacity bottleneck. To achieve the study’s objectives, interviews and desk reviews were used as part of the mixed-methods approach to identify institutional structure challenges that limit effective communication and impede institutional performance in land delivery. The study found that inadequate institutional structures, conflicting roles, and poor communication channels were responsible for poor urban land delivery for housing cooperatives. Thus, without well-structured institutions in place, managing urban land may become an impossible mission, impeding progress towards sustainable development goals in cities. To this end, it is necessary to reform existing institutional structures to close current performance gaps related to institutional arrangements in urban land administration in general and land delivery for housing in particular. Ultimately, this conclusion calls for further research on responsible land stewardship and institutional arrangements, emphasizing the importance of understanding urban land institutions for housing developers in urban Ethiopia and analogous cities worldwide.

Underperformance duration and R&D internationalization: Institutional contingencies in an emerging economy

This paper, based on the behavioral theory of the firm (BTOF), examines the influence of underperformance duration on a firm’s R&D internationalization in terms of both scale and scope. We propose that, under the time pressure stemming from prolonged underperformance, firms increase the scale of their R&D internationalization to expedite the benefits of overseas R&D activities through enhanced synergy and learning effects. Simultaneously, they narrow the geographic scope of foreign R&D efforts to reduce the complexity of coordinating dispersed R&D locations. Additionally, we investigate how the institutional contingencies in emerging economies moderate the time pressure mechanism. We posit that state ownership weakens the relationship between underperformance duration and R&D internationalization strategies (both in terms of scale and scope), whereas regional institutional development strengthens it. We use Heckman’s two-step estimation on a sample of 485 Chinese multinational firms from 2009 to 2018, and find support for our hypotheses.

Research on the Path in Which Local Universities Serve Regional Economic and Social Development

In the new era, improving the quality of personnel training in colleges and universities and implementing high-quality development strategies is the key to driving regional economic and social development. To achieve this goal, local colleges and universities must explore innovative approaches to education, address challenges hindering the integration of academic learning with practical experience, and foster closer partnerships with businesses. By leveraging the expertise of individuals in science and technology, these institutions can drive growth in local industries, creating mutually beneficial outcomes for both academia and enterprises. This paper examines the role of local higher education institutions in regional development, offers reform proposals from diverse perspectives, and provides actionable recommendations.

Optimization of Institutional Roles Based on Regional Leadership Commitment (A Case Study in Garut Regency)

The policy of decentralization and regional autonomy in Indonesia aims to promote regional development by granting authority to regions to administer governance and development. However, the implementation of this policy still faces various challenges, including limited community involvement, low cooperation among regional governments, as well as constraints in regional capacity and finances. This research aims to optimize the role of regional institutions in regional development, focusing on five districts in Garut Regency. The research method used is qualitative with descriptive analysis, aiming to comprehensively describe the role of regional institutions in regional development. The findings of this research conclude that regional governance in Indonesia has undergone significant changes after implementing decentralization. Sub-districts, previously considered ordinary regional entities, have now become more significant entities within the framework of regional governance. This change reflects efforts to provide greater autonomy to regions in managing local governance and development affairs. Thus, sub-districts play a more proactive role in formulating policies, managing resources, and advancing development at the local level. However, these changes also bring implications such as potential conflicts among institutions and challenges in optimizing the effectiveness of regional governance as a whole. The optimal effectiveness of institutions will function well when there is strong commitment from regional leaders to ensure that these changes align with the goals of regional development and the interests of the communities they serve.

The effect of key universities on the regional development: empirical evidence from two natural experiments in China

ABSTRACT Universities play a crucial role as anchor institutions in regional development. Using the data from the China City Statistical Yearbook from 1995 to 2011, the synthetic control method was employed to examine the impact of key universities on regional development. Results showed that the expansion of higher education significantly influenced the population density in Xuzhou, and per capita output of secondary industry in both Xuzhou and Dongying; yet it has minimal impact on the per capita GDP and average employee wages of the two cities. Thus, key universities may affect regional development by enhancing the quantity and quality of human capital accumulation rather than directly promoting economic growth.

DECENTRALIZATION AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN UKRAINE: EXPERIENCE OF THE EU COUNTRIES

The analysis of modern Ukrainian political and legal research suggests that the theory is dominated by the understanding of the territorial organization of power according to which the territorial community is the basis for the organization of the system of community development management. According to the researchers, it is the excessive number of small administrative-territorial units of the basic level that has determined the need for reform. The lack of the necessary economic and human resources makes it impossible for basic local government units to effectively exercise their powers. The main problem of decentralization is that the creation of new territorial communities did not take into account resource provision, transportation tasks, and economic and geographical zoning in general. The author analyzes and compares the experience of EU countries in decentralization. To ensure a favorable climate for the decentralization process, special regional development institutions have been created in different countries as executive bodies that assist various departmental structures in their activities, and these can also be independent institutions for the development of regional development programs and fund management, public non-profit organizations, and other non-governmental organizations working in partnership with government institutions. Today, in the context of war, our state as a whole and each individual territorial community in particular lives by different principles, budgets are formed and used in a completely different way, many projects have been suspended, funds allocated for them have been redirected to other areas, and mass migration has taken place both within the country and abroad.
 The article reveals that, according to the researchers, an excessive number of small administrative-territorial units of the basic level determined the need for decentralization reform. It is found that the main problem of decentralization is that the creation of new territorial communities did not take into account resource provision, transportation tasks, and economic and geographical zoning in general. The author analyzes and compares the experience of EU countries on decentralization issues. It is determined that the goals and objectives of the state policy on reform and decentralization are formed and coordinated with each other, they are specified in various programs and regulations. It can be argued that, in general, Ukraine is moving in the right direction in terms of reforming local self-government and territorial organization of power and covers all socially important areas.

Unveiling the influence of institutional quality on board gender diversity and corporate environmental, social, and governance disputes in China

AbstractThis paper unravels an unprecedented interplay between board gender diversity (BGD) and corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disputes among Chinese A‐share‐listed nonfinancial companies from 2017 to 2021. Framed within a knowledge‐based and sensemaking perspective of institutional frameworks, the research not only illuminates the profound impact of internal (corporate governance ratings) and external (regional institutional development) institutional factors on this intricate relationship but also brings to light a paradigm‐shifting revelation. The study employed a diverse set of empirical tests, ranging from ordinary least squares regression to advanced methods such as the generalized method of moments, two‐stage least squares, and propensity score matching, providing a nuanced and comprehensive analysis. The findings highlight the pivotal role of female directors in significantly mitigating ESG disputes. A mechanism analysis further uncovers that internal and external institutional quality are potent positive moderators in shaping the BGD–ESG dispute dynamic. This research has profound implications, providing valuable insights for stakeholders, policymakers, and scholars, offering a comprehensive understanding of how gender diversity fosters sustainability while unravelling the intricate tapestry of internal and external institutional dynamics that shape ESG outcomes.

Exploring the role of research and innovation institutions in regional digital development: The experience of Lazio Region

Developing a strong and vibrant economic base is one of the European Union priorities for 2019-2024. According to European policymakers, research and innovation activities have a direct impact on the level of prosperity and well-being of European society. EU regional policy is among other issues concentrated on the support of the development of SMEs and strengthening regional research and innovation activities. EU Smart specialisation strategy (S3) prioritizes research and innovation investment as a tool for the development of the European regions. Italy is an industrial country; its manufacturing companies represent the engine of economic growth and development, with their ability to produce wealth and job opportunities. Starting from the structure of the Italian economy characterized by widespread entrepreneurship, creating a favorable environment for businesses therefore responds to a specific public interest. For this reason, industrial policy is back at the core of the government's agenda. Knowing how to take up this challenge, however, not only concerns the government, but mainly entrepreneurs, to whom the new development and digitalization plans are providing agile and flexible tools to grow, innovate and acquire competitiveness. The development of collaborations between research and development institutions and SMEs is one of the measures to achieve these goals. By concentrating on the representative Lazio Region case, this study seeks to understand the contribution of the joint work of these platforms to the regional development and local entrepreneurial competitiveness through an in-depth analysis of strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the ongoing smart specialization and digital transformation strategies.

Stimulating the processes of attracting investments in industry of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

<p>The current conditions of the world economy development are characterized by the aggravation of the struggle between countries for technological leadership in the transition to a new technological mode on the basis of Industry 5.0, and the negative impact of barriers in international trade in goods and technologies due to sanctions against Russia, which creates windows of opportunity in the field of ensuring technological sovereignty on its own industrial base. One of the most important factors for the successful implementation of the windows of opportunity for the development of domestic production of high-tech products is the stimulation of the processes of attracting private investments in industrial enterprises of large, medium and small-sized business, including through the formation of an effective system of state support tools. The aim of the article is to improve the processes of attracting industrial investments, specifically in the context of identifying factors that can have a negative impact on the investment activities of Russian enterprises of various size groups by analyzing and adjusting the existing tools of state support for industrial enterprises, including small technology companies, in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and developing areas for their improvement in order to ensure technological security under the conditions of sanctions. The article studies the features of the investment industrial infrastructure as exemplified by the most industrially developed regions of the Volga and Ural Federal Districts. The insufficient level of investment of small industrial enterprises in comparison to large and medium-sized business has been revealed. It has been found that the sanctions did not affect small and medium-sized business in comparison to large enterprises due to their insufficient role in the production of gross regional product and exports. The efficiency of investment resource utilization in the regions under consideration has been assessed using the data envelopment analysis model oriented on maximization of the result. According to the modeling results, the Republic of Tatarstan and the Sverdlovsk Region have been identified as efficient regions. The experience of the best practice of these regions has been analyzed, and the tools of key federal and regional development institutions has been considered, including those cofinanced by them as part of joint development projects. Promising directions for stimulating investment processes in the Republic of Bashkortostan and other regions of Russia on the basis of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of their investment industrial infrastructure for the timely implementation of the windows of opportunity to achieve technological leadership have been proposed.</p>

Problematic issues in the theory of research of regional development institutions

Subject. This article examines the economic relations arising from the creation and activities of regional development institutions. Objectives. The article aims to identify the reasons for the low efficiency of regional development institutions in Russia. Methods. For the study, we used the general scientific research methods. Results. The article finds that the inefficiency of the functioning of regional development institutions in Russia is largely due to the ill-conceived transfer of the rules in force in the developed countries of the West to the socio-economic space of Russia, which is influenced by geographical, historical and other factors. Conclusions. The causes of the crisis of the Russian system of regional governance cannot be narrowed down to institutional traps only. Adaptation of regional development institutions to Russian conditions is possible on the basis of the concept of meso-institutions as structures whose task is to implement reform projects developed at the level of governments and international organizations, taking into account local specifics.

Региональные институты развития: состояние и результативность (на примере малого и среднего предпринимательства в регионах Юга России)

The article considers the state and evaluation of the effectiveness of regional development institutions in the field of small and medium-sized enterprises. The relevance and novelty of the research are connected with the process of reforming the institute of development at the federal level – the SME Corporation – and related changes in the regions in the context of the implementation of the national project “Small and Mediumsized Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives,” as well as the digitalization of the economy. The methodology of the study was a cumulative-comparative regional synthesis with the calculation of statistical and economic-mathematical indicators. A database of the characteristics of the state of SMEs was formed on the basis of open sources of information. Based on it, it was found that due to digitalization, the overlapping functions between the federal and regional levels of SME support have increased. At the same time, the outlines of regional development institutions for SMEs differ by region. The centers providing guarantees, microfinance, and consulting services are common. The system for assessing regional development institutions for SMEs is based on determining the directions of development for the SME sector as a whole. It is proven that this does not reflect the effectiveness of the work of the SME regional development institutions. It is predicted that as the functionality of the digital platform develops, the multiplicity of currently existing regional development institutions for SMEs will die off and build up by analogy with the work of the Multifunctional Center. It is proposed to continue work on the creation of a system for evaluating the effectiveness of work with SMEs. For this purpose, directions for expanding the digital profile of an entrepreneur are proposed. This will allow us to move on to assessing the effectiveness of all federal and regional development institutions at the microlevel.

How does digital finance affect firm environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance? — Evidence from Chinese listed firms

The use of digital finance to promote firm environmental, social, and governance (ESG) fulfillment is the key to achieving sustainable development. This study uses the data of Chinese listed firms from 2010 to 2019 and China Digital Financial Inclusion Index of Peking University to empirically examine the impact and mechanism of digital finance on firm ESG performance. Results show that digital finance significantly and positively impacts firm ESG performance. Mechanism tests reveal that digital finance influences ESG performance by promoting firm green innovation, improving firm goodwill and reducing agency costs. Moreover, political connections negatively moderate the relationship between digital finance and firm ESG performance, while regional institutional development positively moderates this relationship. Subdivision of digital finance dimension test shows that the main factors affecting ESG performance are the depth of use and the degree of digitization, while the breadth of coverage is not significant. Digital finance can also promote firm innovation by promoting ESG performance. This study integrates the value effect of digital finance with the concept of sustainable development, which has important theoretical and practical significance.

Bank branch agglomeration and corporate green transformation: Evidence from China

This paper examines the impact of bank branch agglomeration around Chinese A-share listed firms on their green transformation. The study finds that bank branch agglomeration around listed firms at 5 km, 10 km, and 20 km significantly contributes to green transformation. The result is still valid after robustness testing. According to the mechanism analysis, the agglomeration of bank branches near enterprises facilitates green transformation by reducing financing constraints, increasing green investments, or enhancing green innovation. These findings provide theoretical supplements and policy recommendations regarding the relationship between the development of regional banking institutions and the green transformation of enterprises.

International Activities on the Digital Platform with Artificial Intelligence in Virtual Space

Digital high-tech platforms provide comprehensive solutions for user interaction on a wide range of issues from various areas of activity. The use of digital high-tech platforms is open and controlled by users. They are beginning to have a major impact on global governance in many areas. Global technology platforms can serve regional integration structures and bring together regional and national development institutions. Building a global architecture of technology platforms will make international activity more stable and less crisis-prone. To do this, technology platforms at different levels of global governance must be compatible and interoperable under common rules of interstate agreements. Technological platforms for international action and management will allow the economic, environmental, climate and many other problems to be quickly solved and controlled by the world community

Governance Of State Owned Assets In The Regional Government Of Takalar District

In the current development of regional agencies, institutions, or organizations, there will be an increasing number of assets and goods needed to support the smooth running of the tasks and functions of regional apparatus organizations and also support the competence and performance of government employees. This research is qualitative research using a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The technique of checking the validity of the data used is the triangulation technique. The data analysis technique used in this study is an interactive model. The results of research on State-Owned Asset Management in the Regional Government of Takalar Regency show that asset management starting from asset planning has been carried out in accordance with established systems, mechanisms, and procedures. Organizing assets has been carried out through the process of collecting data on ownership of state-owned fixed assets, the process of grouping state-owned assets, and a system of classifying state-owned assets that have potential and do not have the potential to be utilized. Actuating (movement) of assets has been carried out through the process of identifying and optimizing assets. Then, controlling (supervision) has been carried out by monitoring, investigating, and controlling by Users and Managers of Goods, as well as by looking at supporting and inhibiting factors in asset management within the scope of the Takalar Regency Government.

The Results of the Expert Discussion "Regional Institutes for the Development of Science as a Driver for the Growth of the Region's Human Resources Potential" (Krasnoyarsk Economic Forum 2023)

The publication highlights the results of the expert discussion "Regional Institutes for the development of science as a driver for the growth of the region's human resources potential", which took place within the framework of the Krasnoyarsk Economic Forum on March 1, 2023. The participants of the discussion were asked questions about the role of regional institutes for the development of science in solving the tasks of the scientific and technological agenda, about the socio-eco­nomic effects of the activities of regional development institutions, and about the tools for involving young people in the field of science and the formation of the personnel potential of the region. The expert discussion was attended by representatives of federal and regional development institutions, representatives of the executive power and the scientific and educational complex of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The represent­ativeness of the participants from many spheres and regions allowed them to get acquainted with different views on the activities of regional institutes for the development of science through the prism of society, business and the state.

How Administrative Regulation Institutional Factors Affect the Business Efficiency in a Region: A Case Study of Russian Regions

Different business environments may have differential impacts. The improvement in the institutional environment and increased certainty about the future greatly impact entrepreneurial activity and business results. The reform of inspection and regulatory enforcement activities aims at improving the business environment, i.e., property, lawful rights, and interests against a variety of risks. Although the reform has been ongoing for several years in Russia, no systematic, independent evaluation of its efficiency and impact on the business efficiency at the meso-level of the Russian economic system has yet been implemented. The research aimed to investigate administrative barriers to business in (1) subdivisions of the Russian Federation on the example of monitoring and supervision activities of state bodies, and (2) the provision of public services. Besides, we measured the impact of administrative regulation on the effectiveness of entrepreneurial activity in the region. Findings from this research are useful in managerial practice, and for academic researchers and policymakers in emerging economies to adopt and consider to improve further the contribution of the administrative regulation institutions in regional economic development.

Theoretical aspects of research of regional development institutions

Theoretical aspects of research of regional development institutions

Factors and Directions of Transformations of the Integration Financial and Economic Cooperation of the EAEU Countries in Modern Conditions

The article defines and analyzes the features, factors, and directions of transformation of the model of regional monetary and financial integration of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The aim of the study is to develop and systematize a set of measures to develop the investment direction of integration cooperation between the EAEU countries, reduce their dependence on the highly volatile international economic and financial environment and neutralize the negative impacts of Western sanctions for national economies. The objectives of the study are as follows: analysis of trends and problems of the investment process in the economies of the EAEU countries for 2013–2021, substantiation of proposals and recommendations for optimizing the model of integration financial and economic cooperation of the EAEU countries based on increasing the regulatory role of the state and regional financial institutions in attracting investments. The research methodology includes the analysis of the EAEU legal framework, statistical information, official reports of state bodies of the EAEU countries and the Eurasian Economic Commission, regional development institutions, scientific monographs and publications of Russian and foreign economists, and periodicals. Based on the methods of econometric analysis, the expediency of introducing into circulation a monetary unit of collective use of the EAEU countries independent of the US dollar and euro for mutual settlements is substantiated. The authors conclude that it is necessary to supplement and, in some cases, substitute the predominantly market-oriented model of Eurasian financial and economic integration with a regulatory investment model of regionalization with an increased role of national and regional management institutions in promoting integration processes.