Development Of Regional Institutions Research Articles

To Burn or not to Burn? The History behind the Construction of a New Paradigm of Fire Management in Venezuela through Interculturality

The presence of a savanna-forest vegetation mosaic in the Gran Sabana, Canaima National Park (CNP), has been more than an academic controversy since the 1980s through to the 2010s in Venezuela. Scientists, Park administrators and officials from institutions devoted to protect the Caroní river basin within the limits of the Park, argued that the presence of savannas under a tropical rainfall regime that could support humid forests was due to the fire practices used by the local Pemón Indigenous communities. This misconception justified applying fire suppression policies, aimed at putting out all types of fires in CNP, especially the “compulsive burning” (thus so called by some scientists) by Pemón people in forest areas. This paper describes the initiatives, pursued for more than 20 years, to consolidate intercultural and participatory fire management in the CNP, Gran Sabana, which evolved as result of several participatory action-research projects coordinated by academics, and supported by national and regional public development institutions. The inclusion of Pemón Indigenous communities, firefighters, public officials, and academics in field research and joint experimentation, as well as in debates and dialogues on socio-ecological issues relevant to CNP, allowed the development of articulated knowledge and actions that were the foundations of a new paradigm of fire management and strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Since 2015, these actions have been further extended to neighbouring countries of the Guiana Shield in the Northern Amazonia and other regions of Latin-America, with the collaboration and support of Venezuelan, British and other European institutions.

Information Openness of Regional Development Agencies in Russia: Trends and Forecasts

During last decades Russia was in the process of forming a market of regional development institutions, the structure of which includes such managing entities as regional development corporations (agencies). The article examines the information openness of Russian regional development corporations (RDC). It gives quantitative assessment and shows the qualitative transformation of this phenomenon in 2016 and 2020. The official websites and portals of these organizations are used as information base. Comparison information openness ratings of the Russian RDC for 2016 and 2020, built by the authors, allowed establishing few important facts and trends’ development. Firstly, the number of RDCs is slowly but surely growing. Secondly, their information openness has slightly increased over the last four years. Thirdly, the difference between the indicators of information openness of the RDC has sharply decreased, what indicates an increase in competition between these structures in the all-Russian information market. Fourthly, the work to improve awareness of RDC activities is spontaneous and does not involve any reporting standards. The experience of Canada and Australia was considered to identify management reserves in the work of Russian RDCs. That allowed to formulate few proposals. First, it is advisable to increase the number of domestic RDCs by 2–3 times. Secondly, a unified standard for RDC corporate reporting and a Federal portal with their contact details are necessary. Thirdly, RDC should not only participate in the implementation of regional projects, but also develop a promising model for the development of the territory, considering its specifics, which is currently absent.

The Role of Institutions in Creating Circular Economy Pathways for Regional Development

In the past decade, the circular economy has gained attention as a mechanism of transition toward a regenerative, low carbon, and resource-efficient society. As the history of previous radical transformations shows, successful transition toward the circular economy cannot take place without understanding the institutional features of industrial transformations. This article highlights the significance of institutions by placing the circular economy model in the context of the natural resource–based sector and discusses the importance of institutions in regional path development. The article identifies three institutional determinants of both endogenous and directed transformation toward the circular economy model in the regional context: (i) proximity of physical flows and assets, (ii) maturation and diversity of market networks, and (iii) inherent values and patterns of cooperation. This article offers a starting point for future studies of circular economy transitions and the role of institutions as enabling, as well as at times obstructing transition environments.

Scale or efficiency? Performance shortfall and engagement in production activities of foreign subsidiaries in China

This study probes the effect of performance shortfall of a foreign subsidiary on its engagement in scale- and efficiency-related production activities by incorporating the behavioral theory of the firm and the institution-based view. In the manufacturing sectors, we examined foreign subsidiaries that failed to achieve aspiration levels of performance in 30 subnational regions of China in 1998–2007. We find that as a performance shortfall increases, a subsidiary would hire a smaller number of employees and raise less capital to facilitate the unity of decision-making for the problemistic search. Meanwhile, the subsidiary conducts more efficiency-related activities to explore efficient solutions for the problemistic search. In addition, the effects of performance shortfalls on the subsidiary's trade-off engagement in scale- and efficiency-related activities are strengthened as regional institutions become better-developed. Better-developed institutions of a region facilitate market mechanisms and thus reduce the costs of employees and capital holders to vote with their feet. Moreover, such institutions provide adequate protection for competitive resources generated by efficiency-related activities of the subsidiary. This study delineates a decision portfolio composed of different levels of engagement in both scale- and efficiency-related activities made by a foreign subsidiary according to the level of its performance shortfall and the level of regional institutional development.

Role of higher education in sustainable development of regions

The role of higher educational institutions (HEIs) in sustainable regional development is becoming a subject of attention of researchers and policymakers. Apart from clear inputs such as sustainable education and promotion of renewable energy sources, HEIs can act as partners and consultancies for the local authorities helping them to embark on the path of sustainable economic and social growth. Our paper looks into the role of higher education in sustainable development of regions. We identify HEIs as the hubs of knowledge and know-how spill-overs as well as active players in industry-university connection. Our results confirm the importance of higher education in promoting the decarbonization of economy, helping the transition to the renewables and the creation of wider social acceptance of sustainable development.

Challenges of sustainable and equal development of regions in Georgia

In the present paper is analysed opinions about the tools for sustainable development and the ways to reduce inequality. Has been estimated the importance of regional development programs and strategies as the settlement of the economic and social issues, provided proof of their role in the effective development of regional economic policy. Has been determined the concentration level of economic activity by regions using distribution index to estimate equal development of regions. Has been made the conclusion that none of the regions of Georgia is notably specialized. The concentration level of business sectors in regions is substantiated by the distribution curve. In distribution curve was considered retail and wholesale distribution, as an example of maximally near to ideal distribution. It is proved by the analysis of distribution of curves, that the concentration level of business sectors in Georgian regions is quite unequal and none of them could be highlighted in industry specialization. The paper identifies the problems related to sustainable and equal development of regions, provided conclusions and recommendations to settle the mentioned issue by their estimation. In the process of study has been determined the factors of endogenous development of regions and advisable to improve the quality and efficiency of regional development institutions through the development of trial-programs for regional development.

Управление процессами реализации Стратегии развития Кузбасса на период до 2035 года

The article is devoted to the actual topic – the implementation of adopted in December 2020 the Kuzbass Region Development Strategy until 2035, aimed at improvement the citizens’ quality of life based at cardinal transformations in the region. The object of the study is the strategic socio-economic processes of Kuzbass Region; the subject of the study is the management of the Strategy implementation processes. The research is based on the methodology of Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Life-time), Dr. Sc. (Econ.), Professor of Political Economy V.L. Kvint, as well as on the processes of a management system for the Kuzbass Strategy implementation analysis. The Kuzbass Region Strategy has deep historical roots, based on the unique natural resources and regional industrial raw materials base, implements sound strategic priorities for a better life for the current and future generations of Kuzbass Region residents, economic development and investment attractiveness growth. The implementation of strategic priorities requires the necessary resources and sustainable strategic competitive advantages. The most important resource is the human potential that allows Kuzbass Region residents to respond to numerous strategic challenges and use the opportunities that arise in the modern world. The task of strategic management is to ensure the sufficiency and continuity of the resource supply process throughout the entire period of strategizing. One of the most important priorities of the Strategy, in this regard, is the reproduction of labor resources. Since the mainstay of the Kuzbass Region economy is traditionally the coal industry, the most important priority of the Strategy is the implementation of the regional environmental standard “Clean coal-green Kuzbass Region”. It is planned to form vanguard industrial clusters, such as hydrogen energy and coal chemistry, using coal as a raw material. The celebration of the 300th anniversary of Kuzbass Region should give an impetus to the development of the entire region, will increase its tourist potential, and the strategic brand of Kuzbass Region should become recognizable in Russia and abroad. In general, the development of the image of the region is a key task that will improve the public mood in the region and increase its attractiveness for living. In Kuzbass Region various digital projects are already being implemented, new digital platforms are being built, and in the future their role will increase. Financial support for the implementation of strategic priorities is based on the vanguard regional development institutions and the activation of securities market in Kuzbass Region.

Стратегічні шляхи модернізації старопромислових регіонів України з позицій сталого розвитку

The article defines the sustainable development of the old industrial regions of Ukraine (Slobozhanskiy, Prydniprovskiy, Donetsk Economic Area) using the methodology for determining the criteria and quantifying the processes and stages of their industrial, post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization. In the course of the study, a methodological toolkit was used to assess the level and conditions of industrial, post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization of the economy based on taking into account the quantitative parameters of the ecological, economic and social components of sustainable development. The results of assessing the stages of modernization of the regions of Ukraine in 2005-2019. confirmed the industrial development of Donetsk (Donetsk and Lugansk regions) and Prydniprovskiy (Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhia and Kirovograd regions) Economic Area. According to the results of the assessment of post-industrial modernization, the Slobozhanskiy Economic Area (Poltava, Sumy and Kharkiv regions) received the highest index. This region is the undisputed leader in terms of indicators reflecting innovation in knowledge and knowledge transfer (the difference is tens of points in comparison with the corresponding indices of other regions). Assessment of the stage of neo-industrial modernization showed the existence of a negative trend that has developed in all economic regions – a steady decrease in funding for innovations in knowledge. As a result, the overall index of knowledge indicator groups showed no signs of growth, and even decreased in some areas. The Slobozhanskiy Economic Area became an optimistic exception. The development and implementation of a methodology for assessing modernization processes will increase the efficiency of management decision-making by state authorities, improve the quality of strategies and targeted comprehensive programs for socio-economic development. To ensure post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization of the economy based on sustainable development in the conditions of insufficient efficiency and effectiveness of the traditional instruments of state policy, it is necessary to form institutions of regional development. Analyzed the current state of the presence of regional development institutions in the areas of activity. It was determined that the institutional structure is heterogeneous, the regions are different in the quality of labor and natural resources, which actually determines the specialization of the regional economy, therefore, for them it is necessary to use differentiated support measures from the development institutions.

The role of financial institutions in maintaining the realization of strategic priorities of Kuzbass

The authors overview the issues of financing the realization of strategic priorities of Kuzbass development up to 2035 and for further perspective. Large-scale transformation of the regional economy requires significant financial resources while the capabilities of commercial banks are limited. So the main task of the article is to form an interrelated system of regional development institutions including that of the State Fund for Entrepreneurship Support of the Kemerovo region and the Fund for Strategic Investment Projects of Kuzbass, regional banks and the stock market which enable efficient redistribution of the required investment resources at all stages of the Strategy’s realization. It is suggested to develop the stock market by issuing infrastructure and commercial bonds at the Moscow stock exchange, by creating trading platforms in the regions or federal districts and by launching over-the-counter market in the Kemerovo region. The region can also support the regional issuers either by partial compensation of payments on corporate bonds or by regional development institutions’ guarantees on corporate bonds of Kuzbass enterprises. Such approach will allow attracting the funds of Kuzbass people and invest them within the region at a good rate. A crowd funding platform can become an additional tool for accumulating the funds. The authors explain the necessity of maintaining the integrity of priorities of financial system development and the interrelation of the strategies of the region, local authorities and businesses. Implementation of the concept of “clever specialization” will make it possible to choose strategic priorities reasonably, to contribute to the economy’s modernization and development of technology and fundamental research, to create new online platforms in cooperation with the scientific and educational centre of Kuzbass. The authors use Dr. V.L. Kvint’s methodology of strategizing in their work.

Impact of family involvement on internal and external corporate social responsibilities: Evidence from Chinese publicly listed firms

AbstractThis study differentiates between internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) and external CSR to investigate the impact of family involvement on different dimensions of CSR. Using a sample of 2,114 Chinese listed firms, we show that family involvement is positively related to the level of firms' participation in external CSR but negatively related to the level of firms' participation in internal CSR. We further explore the roles of internal ownership structure and external institutional environment in influencing the incentives of family firms to invest in internal and external CSR. Results show that high levels of ownership balance and regional institutional development attenuate the negative effect of family involvement on internal CSR while a high level of regional institutional development strengthens the positive effect of family involvement on external CSR. These findings contribute to our understanding on the internal and external CSR strategies in family firms in emerging markets.

Sistem Inovasi : Peran dan Tantangan dalam Mendukung Pembangunan Pertanian

Innovation system as the added value for economic growth needs more attention not only on the national scale but also on the regional scale, particularly in agriculture. This study is the assessment of the innovation system particularly about the achievement of the agricultural innovation system in regional development. The research method was employed in 2015 by purposive sampling with the number of respondents was about 30. The respondents came from the stakeholders of farmers, university, private sector, and regional research institution. The sample area has been chosen in Konawe District, North Konawe District and East Kolaka as represent of this research. This paper aims to describe the data and information related to the evaluation worked on regional research and development institutions in supporting the innovation system. This assessment has shown that the development of the agricultural innovation system in regional autonomy faced some constraints and weaknesses, viz. Less synchronization, less coordination, lack of research funding, and less infrastructure.

Scientific Production and Intellectual Property

In Brazil, Public Research Institutions (PRI) are agents that promote innovation and technological production. The role of these institutions in social and regional development is to provide scientific and technological production and make it available for productive arrangements. This study aims to relate the evaluation and valuation of patents with the processes of Technology Transfer in Public Research Institutions in Brazil. To justify the execution of the study, it is observed that it is necessary to improve the use of technologies created in PRI so that society can take advantage of the advances promoted in scientific research, and so that the distance between industry and academia is minimized. We researched 30 Public Research Institutions, in five variables collected on the platform of INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property), ESPACENET (European Patent Office) and BDTD (Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations). In possession of the data, the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Spearman correlation coefficient were used used to analyze them. The R software was used to apply the statistical methods. For data discussion, the reports of FORMICT (Information Form on Intellectual Property Policy of Scientific and Technological Institutions) were analyzed to guide the arguments. The data did not show normality and have moderate and strong correlations, the significance of the correlations is strong or very strong. It is believed that the patent evaluation and valuation processes have space for improvement and thus can enhance the Transfer of Technologies of PRI.

Современные тенденции институционализации гражданского общества в Кемеровской области – Кузбассе (на материалах регионального исследования)

The article deals with the institutionalization of civil society in Russia at the current stage. The aim of the study was to consider certain aspects of the interaction of the state and civil society in Russia in general and in Kemerovo Region (Kuzbass) in particular. The authors employed the method of sociological survey of the population and the expert assessment of non-profit sector representatives, which made it possible to assess the dynamics of the development of civil society institutions in Russia and in Kemerovo region. The authors used systemic and institutional approaches to identify the changes in the understanding of civil society, as well as to evaluate the work of authorities and public institutions through the prism of public attitude. All the numerous definitions of civil society appeared to provide no common understanding in government bodies and society. The paper focuses on some features of the development of civil society and challenges that inhibit the process of development of civil initiatives in regional politics. The assessed criteria included the level of social and political activity of the population, the trust of the population and non-profit organizations in the civil society institutions and authorities, the information accessibility in the media, and the attitude of the population to the issues of self-government. Social activity, which depends on the level of civic engagement, proved crucial for the development of regional civil institutions. This is especially important in the aspect of young citizen activism.

Government control and the value of cash: evidence from listed firms in China

In this paper, we investigate the impact of government control on investors’ valuation of cash held by listed firms in China. We find strong and robust evidence that government control leads to a lower value of cash. Further evidence suggests that this negative impact is associated with significant agency costs of political expropriation rather than low financial constraints of the soft-budget effect. Moreover, our extended analyses reveal that the negative impact of government control on the value of cash depends on regional institutional development. In particular, in regions with high institutional development, government control reduces the value of cash, while in areas that are less developed, this negative impact is attenuated to some extent. Overall, our findings shed new light and add a further dimension to the literature, broadening our understanding of the impact of government intervention on the listed firms under its control.

What Do We Know about the University Contribution to Regional Economic Development? A Conceptual Framework

There are a rapidly growing number of scientific studies analyzing the role of university and higher educational institutions in regional economic development. In this study, the author reviews the rapidly growing body of research streaming out of the geography of innovation and knowledge with particular attention to the period from 1994 to 2019. The author discusses several seminal contributions on the role of universities in regional economic development and then applies a systematic literature review to the extant research of 193 articles. This literature review offers a conceptual framework by identifying four key topics found in the literature: organizational capacity, intermediaries, knowledge dynamics, and policy.

Institutions of regional development in the infrastructure support of the regional economy

The article examines the role of regional development institutions in the infrastructure support of the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Changes are revealed at the meso-economic level that are possible in the post-industrial development of the economy of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, it was concluded that 48 percent of the total funds available from regional development institutions accounted for the five leading regions: the Republic of Tatarstan, Moscow and Moscow Regions, Lipetsk, Kaluga Regions and St. Petersburg. By the share of gross regional product (GRP), the list of regions was headed by the Kaluga and Lipetsk regions, which is explained by the large volumes of investments attracted through development institutions and the relatively small size of the regional product and the population of these regions. The authors summarize the experience of managing regional development institutions, conclude that it is necessary to increase the degree of influence on the development of the economic and social infrastructure of the regions of the Russian Federation as a whole, as well as to eliminate regional imbalances in development. The main directions in the implementation of this approach are: Creation of an organizational mechanism for the formation of management structures to coordinate socio-economic development (for example, project administrations) on the territory of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation or several municipal entities within the framework of one constituent entity of the Federation. Development of financial mechanisms to support the activities of these inter-regional and inter-municipal administrations (hereinafter referred to as project administrations). Improving the mechanisms of interaction between state and municipal authorities, public organizations and other civil society institutions and business structures operating in the territory of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation and / or municipalities.

Реформа системы институтов развития Дальнего Востока: направления и задачи

Development institutions are an important modern instrument of government regulation of the economy in all developed countries. The system of development institutions of the Russian Federation includes the federal and regional development institutions. Key federal development institutions include such well-known state corporations as the investment fund of the Russian Federation; the State Corporation "Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Activity (Vnesheconombank)"; the state corporation "Russian Corporation of Nanotechnologies," etc. According to experts of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, about 200 regional development institutions operate on the territory of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The objectives of this extensive system of development institutions so far have been to overcome the so-called "market failures," which cannot be optimally realized by the market mechanisms, and to promote the sustained economic growth of a country or an individual region. In November 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation announced the reform of the system of development institutions in the country. The article analyzes the goals and main directions of the announced reform. On the example of the system of development institutions of the Far East, an attempt was made to assess its possible consequences.

INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF THE CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEM

Purpose: The heterogeneity of the economic space has intensified in recent years in the process of transition and laying the foundations of a market economy in the CIS countries, as well as in the EU regions, due to its expansion. This unevenness was manifested as a result of different starting levels of economies, different resource endowments, the choice of their targets and priorities for socio-economic development, and the increased authority of local authorities. Methodology: This is analytical-logical research that has been done through content analysis and documentary and library research. Result: Problems of market fiasco in the regions, as well as the important role of local institutions in regional development are also noted in the EU and serve as a strong argument for the need for government intervention in regional policy, primarily from the standpoint of regulating the innovation sphere, financial assistance to create jobs or clusters capable of self-development. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Institutional aspects of the cluster development of the regional economic system is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

Grassroot Institutions for Regional Development: Sri Lankan Experience

Regional development has become a matter of great interest to all stakeholders interested in development, because of growing regional disparities and the fact that poverty levels have remained very high, despite the various strategies adopted by successive governments since independence in Sri Lanka. Therefore, in regional development rural institutions have been regarded as vitally important mechanisms to achieve regional development . The Divisional Secretariat System and the Pradeshiya Sabhas are the two main rural institutions operating at the divisional level in Sri Lanka. This paper analyses people’s participations in decision-making and their involvement in contribution to regional development at the grassroot levels with special reference to Palagala division of the Anuradhapura District in the North Central Province in Sri Lanka. Analysis of data revealed that the achievement and the progress in people’s participations is poor and very limited despite the various attempts made over the two decades or more. The conclusion of the study is that the mere establishment of rural institutions is not the answer to the problems of peripheral development. It is equally important to identify the needs and the priorities of the people to have opportunities for them to play a stakeholder role in decision making.

The role of regional development institutions in enhancing the innovation potential of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

The role of regional development institutions in enhancing the innovation potential of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation