Abstract
In the present paper is analysed opinions about the tools for sustainable development and the ways to reduce inequality. Has been estimated the importance of regional development programs and strategies as the settlement of the economic and social issues, provided proof of their role in the effective development of regional economic policy. Has been determined the concentration level of economic activity by regions using distribution index to estimate equal development of regions. Has been made the conclusion that none of the regions of Georgia is notably specialized. The concentration level of business sectors in regions is substantiated by the distribution curve. In distribution curve was considered retail and wholesale distribution, as an example of maximally near to ideal distribution. It is proved by the analysis of distribution of curves, that the concentration level of business sectors in Georgian regions is quite unequal and none of them could be highlighted in industry specialization. The paper identifies the problems related to sustainable and equal development of regions, provided conclusions and recommendations to settle the mentioned issue by their estimation. In the process of study has been determined the factors of endogenous development of regions and advisable to improve the quality and efficiency of regional development institutions through the development of trial-programs for regional development.
Highlights
Georgia is a country with a regional system
The questions to be answered are the following: What factors lead to unequal development of regions? What causes the high and constant level of social inequality between the regions? What mechanisms could be used for equal development of the regions? What factors are the main drivers for the sustainable development of the regions? To answer the questions above, it is needed to provide research
Statistical calculations were carried out based on official sources (World Bank, Eurostat, Faostat, Geostat, and other); The primary materials necessary for publication were obtained from the National Statistical Office, the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development, the Ministry of Environment and Agriculture, the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia and various agencies
Summary
Georgia is a country with a regional system. The regional structures are adapted to the economic, social, cultural, ethnic, and other factors. Sustainable and equal development of regions is a relevant issue for researchers. The attempt to develop poor territorial units and achieve equality between the regions may cause a step back from the potential development of economic growth for developing countries. Recommendations developed based on the research will support in mid-terms the implementation of integrated territorial measures in Georgia, achievement of regional development policy goals, increase competitiveness of the regions, balanced social-economic development and improvement of living conditions in the regions, improvement of infrastructure for support of sustainable development, support particular territories and identify endogenic factors of development, increase the quality and efficiency of regional institutions, development of trial-programs for regional development. On the assumption of relevance of the issue, we have aimed to identify the challenges of the regions of Georgia in sustain and equal development and elaborate recommendations of its solution
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