Regional Competitiveness Research Articles

Supranational or cooperative? Rethinking the African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement Competition Protocol institutional design

Abstract African countries are currently negotiating the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Competition Protocol (CP) to regulate competition in the created continental market. However, the most daunting task for the negotiators and African countries is which institutional design to adopt at the continental level, pitying against a supranational or cooperative institutional model. Drawing from a dearth of literature on institutional designs, I propose two factors that African countries should consider when deciding on the most appropriate institutional design for the AfCFTA CP. First are the benefits and costs of each institution design building on the experiences of existing regional competition regimes. Second is the institutional context in which the AfCFTA Continental Competition Regime (CCR) will be established, which constitutes African countries’ attitudes towards supranational institutions, preference heterogeneity, and power distributions. The findings of this article show that African countries should establish a less ambitious institution design that will attract business and political acceptance.

Changes in the Competitive Environment and Their Evaluation in the Context of COVID-19: A Case Study

When evaluating the competitive environment in the context of the pandemic, the pandemic’s global scale must be considered, since all products related to COVID-19 management have no regional competition but rather immediately switch to global competition and compete with similar products or substitutes. It should be noted that no products intended for managing the pandemic were available before its outburst. Even with the onset of the pandemic, not many specialized products, except for some general protection measures, were developed. However, in the two years after the pandemic began, competitive products intended for managing COVID-19 emerged into the market. The global scale of the pandemic automatically created worldwide demand for such products, which leads to a global shift in competitiveness. As a result, the competitive environment for products intended to manage COVID-19 is changing. Research purpose: To evaluate the competitive products—modern and robotized indoor disinfection equipment—available in the market and those under development. Research objectives: To develop a methodology for evaluating the competitive products and to select evaluation criteria and methods; to evaluate the competitive products in terms of their functionality and technical characteristics; and to research the channels and methods employed to launch competitive products into the market and provide analysis of best practice.

Destination competitiveness of a tourist region: A case of Kerala, India

The concept of tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) is very complex, and so is developing a model for different destination contexts. The study aims to identify variables to measure the overall TDC of destination brand Kerala (India). A quantitative research design is followed based on a self-administered questionnaire survey strategy. A comprehensive study of various indices and published literature on TDC is conducted to arrive at a detailed list of variables for measuring competitiveness. Through content analysis and screening based on expert opinion surveys and interviews, variables are tailored to the natural and cultural destination region, Kerala. The perceptions of expert supply stakeholder groups regarding the relevance of variables are recorded. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is conducted to find underlying factors. The result is used to build a multiple linear regression model. Though the destination is celebrated for its 'Inherited and created resources', the study identifies that 'Destination safety and quality' has the highest impact on the TDC of Kerala. 'Absence of general strike', 'Methods of work/technique', and 'Navigation within the destination' are new significant variables that distinctly pertain to Kerala. The research is expected to help the destination management team evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the destination, assess TDC, and develop policies and guidelines to improve competitiveness.

Geography of science: Competitiveness and inequality

Using ideas and tools of complexity science we design a holistic measure of \textit{Scientific Fitness}, encompassing the scientific knowledge, capabilities and competitiveness of a research system. We characterize the temporal dynamics of Scientific Fitness and R\&D expenditures at the geographical scale of nations, highlighting patterns of similar research systems, and showing how developing nations (China in particular) are quickly catching up the developed ones. Down-scaling the aggregation level of the analysis, we find that even developed nations show a considerable level of inequality in the Scientific Fitness of their internal regions. Further, we assess comparatively how the competitiveness of each geographic region is distributed over the spectrum of research sectors. Overall, the Scientific Fitness represents the first high quality estimation of the scientific strength of nations and regions, opening new policy-making applications for better allocating resources, filling inequality gaps and ultimately promoting innovation.

Complex fracture propagation model and plugging timing optimization for temporary plugging fracturing in naturally fractured shale

In this paper, a viscoelasticity-plastic damage constitutive equation for naturally fractured shale is deduced, coupling nonlinear tensile-shear mixed fracture mode. Dynamic perforation-erosion on fluid re-distribution among multi-clusters are considered as well. DFN-FEM (discrete fracture network combined with finite element method) was developed to simulate the multi-cluster complex fractures propagation within temporary plugging fracturing (TPF). Numerical results are matched with field injection and micro-seismic monitoring data. Based on geomechanical characteristics of Weiyuan deep shale gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin, SW China, a multi-cluster complex fractures propagation model is built for TPF. To study complex fractures propagation and the permeability-enhanced region evolution, intersecting and competition mechanisms between the fractures before and after TPF treatment are revealed. Simulation results show that: fracture from middle cluster is restricted by the fractures from side-clusters, and side-clusters plugging is benefit for multi fractures propagation in uniformity; optimized TPF timing should be delayed within a higher density or strike of natural fractures; Within a reservoir-featured natural fractures distribution, optimized TPF timing for most clustered method is 2/3 of total fluid injection time as the optimal plugging time under different clustering modes.

Effective mechanism for the region sustainable development based on a tourist cluster formation

The article is devoted to the analysis of key aspects of the region sustainable development based on the tourist cluster formation mechanism: the study of the infrastructure of the territory, the demand for tourist destinations in the region. The topic of the study is relevant, given the geopolitical tension and unstable situation in the international arena, the consequence of which was the introduction of restrictions on a number of foreign tourist destinations. The combination of foreign policy and economic factors gave a positive impetus for the development of domestic tourism. The object of the study is the tourism sector, as one of the key areas for increasing the region competitiveness and sustainability. The subject of the study is the mechanism for the formation of a tourist and recreational cluster on the example of the city. Zhigulevsk, Samara region. The purpose of the study is to analyze the key positions of the mechanism for forming a tourist cluster in the region. Research objectives: • study of the essence of the tourist and recreational cluster; • identification of key positions of the mechanism of effective formation of the tourist cluster; • study of the potential of the territory of the tourist and recreational cluster of the city of Zhigulevsk, Samara Region. Methodologists and research methods. The authors applied a systematic approach to the study of the mechanism of forming a tourist cluster in the region: analyzed the engineering infrastructure, transport infrastructure, as well as cultural and historical objects on the example of the tourist cluster of the city of Zhigulevsk, Samara region. The analysis of demand for services of the tourism sector of the Samara region was carried out using an online survey of consumers of this type of services, the results of which are presented using a graphical method. Degree of scientific development of the topic. The study of the process of forming a tourist and recreational cluster in the region is widely covered in scientific literature, affecting such areas of knowledge as sociology, economics, culture, history, ecology. The authors of the article analyze, on the one hand, the desires and opportunities of consumers of tourist services, on the other hand, the possibilities of a tourist and recreational cluster to meet the needs of tourists. The key to the effective formation of a tourist and recreational cluster is a comprehensive analysis of the tourist and recreational territory.

Current state and risks of development of border geostrategic territories

The instability of the geopolitical situation and the sanctions crisis are expediting the study of border regions, especially those that have the status of border geostrategic territories and are particularly important for ensuring the territorial integrity and security of the country. The authors presented an analysis of the state of border geostrategic territories in new conditions, identified risks of their further development. The authors have grouped 12 statistical indicators into employment, living standards, fiscal security and economic groups. A comparison between 2021 and 2022 revealed a high differentiation in adaptive capacity between the western and eastern regions. The degree of adaptation of border geostrategic territories is influenced by the structure of the economy, the share of exporting industries, distance from western borders. The risks of decrease of income from income tax on profit, exhaustion of potential of unemployed population have been allocated. The authors identified the risk of further decline of socio-economic potential in some border regions of the western part of the country. The assessment showed that the largest decline was in the regions where the automobile industry, metal production and certain types of chemical products play a significant role in the structure of the economy. However, domestic car production is successfully restored. The prospects for adapting the economies of exporting regions will depend on eastward supply. The authors note that the border geostrategic regions of the eastern part of the country as a whole have successfully adapted to the new conditions and have good prospects for improving regional competitiveness through the increase of commodity flows in the East Asian direction. At the same time, the risks of differentiating the eastern and western geostrategic border areas are increasing.

Role of technology centers in regional competitiveness: a multicriteria approach

Countries adopt different policies and strategies to boost regional growth and competitiveness. R&D is one of the most important drivers of national competitiveness because of its ability to generate knowledge and convert that knowledge into useful information to improve people’s lives and maintain economic prosperity. Innovation emerges within innovation systems. Such systems encourage collaboration among institutional and economic agents. One of the main groups of agents that foster such collaboration consists of innovation intermediaries. Technology centers (TCs) are a prime example of such intermediaries, which exert a positive impact on the business sector. Given the numerous factors influencing TC efficiency, this paper studies the key variables associated with this efficiency, providing a ranking of these variables based on the views of innovation system experts. To evaluate these variables, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used. Of the six areas identified as essential for TC activity, the impact of TCs and the types of actions they undertake are the most important aspects for improving TC and business efficiency, as well as regional competitiveness. This study highlights the role of TCs in helping companies respond to challenges with innovative solutions that foster a strong, competitive, and innovative regional business sector.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF THE MAGELANG CITY GOVERNMENT AREA'S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FOR THE 2017-2021 FISCAL YEAR

Regional government activities aim to accelerate the attainment of a prosperous population through improved services, empowerment, and participation of the population, followed by increasing regional competitiveness. The region always adheres to the concepts of democracy, equity, and justice, as well as the uniqueness of a region in the structure of a unitary state. In this regard, the regional government must also pay attention to the issue of the effectiveness and efficiency of regional financial management, which is an element of the principle of government activity. The aim of this research is to identify the effectiveness and efficiency of the regional financial activities of the Magelang City Government for the 2017–2021 fiscal year. This observation is made through a quantitative approach, and the data identification technique used is descriptive through the use of accumulated principles of effectiveness and efficiency analysis. The results of this observation show that regional financial activity for the level of effectiveness in the City Government of Magelang in the 2017–2021 fiscal year is classified as effective. Meanwhile, regional finance for the level of efficiency in the City Government of Magelang in 2017–2021 has three criteria, namely efficient, inefficient, and very efficient. In fact, 2020 is a year with good criteria, which is very efficient, and in 2021 it will return again with efficient criteria.

Assessing the Impact of Universities’ Entrepreneurial Activity on Regional Competitiveness

The aim of this study is to test the multidimensional construct of the Entrepreneurial University (EU), and therefore to confirm whether EU factors make a positive contribution to regional competitiveness. Data were collected from ten Portuguese Public Universities (PPUs) through a self-administered questionnaire. First- and second-order confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed through factor and multiple linear regression analyses. The main findings show that EU related factors—perceived and combined with actual regional metrics—especially entrepreneurial supporting measures, positively contributed to regional competitiveness. This study shows policy makers that universities are not merely cost centres but provide knowledge spillovers that can have a positive influence on regional competitiveness.

Local Government Acceleration towards Agile Governance

This study examined a pattern of acceleration models towards agile governance in the Banyuwangi Regency Government. One of the important concerns in creating regional independence and competitiveness is the acceleration carried out by government administrators. This study presents a systematic review of phenomena and academic literature relating to the specific issues addressed by the study of this field. Search and collection of research databases were carried out with several keywords to identify phenomena in the field, which were analyzed and identified according to the following criteria: innovation, manager, networked autonomy, structured coordination, transparency, open and egalitarian communication and other supporting tools, namely software engineering, enterprise, manufacturing and multidisciplinary (holistic) tailored through literature perspectives, methodologies, specific themes and field data. This study used descriptive qualitative research methods. The result of this research is the discovery of a government acceleration model design pattern which is a tangible manifestation of the achievement of the concept of agile governance. This study is certainly a contribution of new knowledge to the performance of local government administrators so that they are more organized. Analysis of the various problems discussed in this study can build the foundation for future research. This can serve as a literature roadmap for academics and practitioners, thereby fostering further interest in research on agile governance.

Modeling and analysis of factors affecting the integration of Beijing Tianjin Hebei low carbon economy based on SDM model

Background: Under the guidance of carbon peak and carbon neutral targets, China’s economic development is facing unprecedented challenges. It is of great strategic significance and value to study the integrated development of regional low-carbon economy. The harmonious development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei) has become a national strategy, and its importance is prominent.Objective: To promote the regional economic integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is the top priority of promoting the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration at present, and is the key to achieving the coordinated development and mutual benefit of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.Methods: In this context, this paper studies the fuzzy control evaluation algorithm of regional economy based on SDM model. Realized the prediction of the expansion of the low-carbon economy in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, and put forward the development strategy of the economic integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. The ranking of regional competitiveness of fuzzy control evaluation method is in line with the reality of today’s economic expansion. The application of fuzzy rules improves the speed, accuracy and objectivity of evaluation.Results: The final experiment shows that the accuracy of the algorithm is very high, reaching 95.14%. In addition, the algorithm has higher efficiency and better performance. The fuzzy control evaluation algorithm of regional economy can better predict the economic growth of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.Conclusion: Propose the development strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei low-carbon economic integration to further promote the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration and promote the adjustment and optimization of China’s economic structure.

Decentralized governance and collective action dilemma: Sub‐national governments' responses to COVID‐19 in China

AbstractWhile the Chinese government's responses to COVID‐19 since its outbreak have been widely discussed, scant attention has been paid to the cross‐regional variation in China in handling the pandemic in the early stage. This article adopts and synthesizes the theory of regionally decentralized governance and the institutional collective action dilemma framework to offer a novel analytical characterization of the pattern of sub‐national governments' counter‐COVID‐19 initiatives in different policy areas and highlights the peer effect and regional competition dynamics. We provide three brief case studies to illustrate various institutional collective action dilemmas under this framework that emerged in pandemic responses and must be addressed through re‐centralization. Despite its focus on China's regional responses to COVID‐19, this paper prompts the construction of a broad analytical framework for precipitating a better understanding of the complex structure of China's political and governance system in a time of crisis.

Evaluation methods of the technical efficiency of the Siberian Federal District regions using the production possibilities curve

The relevance of the exploration is due to the problem of increasing the regions competitiveness by applying the methods of concept catching up and advancing technological development to assess the regions technical efficiency. A comprehensive approach is used to measure the technical efficiency of the region by various methods (DEA-method and MPI, SFA-method and the Cobb-Douglas production function), extended by cluster and dispersion methods as an analytical tool for designing simulation strategies for the development of regions. The object of the research is the regions of the Siberian Federal District, which differ in scale, economic structure and level of socio-economic development. The results of the research showed the effectiveness of using an integrated approach to measuring technical efficiency to develop simulation strategies for the development of regions.

POTENSI EKONOMI BERDASARKAN PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO (PDRB) DI KALIMANTAN UTARA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SHIFT-SHARE

Abstract: The problems in this study are based on the results of previous studies on basic and non-base sector analysis in both East Kalimantan and North Kalimantan, which showed that the agricultural sector has a national specialization that is growing slowly, even though the vision and mission in Bulungan district are in 2016-2021 is Realizing Bulungan Regency as an Industry-Based Food Center, while Bulungan Regency is the capital of North Kalimantan Province. Other sectors, such as the mining sector, have a fast-growing national specialization and the wholesale and retail trade sectors have local or regional competitiveness because many traders in North Kalimantan Province have characteristics such as bead carving, tourism, customs, and others. , which can attract tourists and improve people's welfare People's welfare in the province of North Kalimantan is still below the national average and is ranked second from the bottom. Of course, if the North Kalimantan provincial government does not know or is able to identify which economic sectors can improve people's welfare, it will have an impact on decreasing the level of welfare. Therefore a study is needed to identify which sectors have potential base and non-base potential in North Kalimantan province based on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data. To identify these sectors, the analytical method used is Shift Share, in which this method measures the difference in the growth rate of various sectors in the region or region with the national region, meaning whether the industry that created the economic sector located in North Kalimantan is included in the industrial group that is The national sector is indeed growing rapidly and the industry is suitable for being located in North Kalimantan and if other sectors are not yet optimal, then the provincial and regional governments can develop these other sectors which are growing slowly and become a priority. The data to be examined are the North Kalimantan Province's Gross Regional Domestic Product data and the national Gross Domestic Product data which were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics of North Kalimantan Province. The stages of the research method to be carried out are 1). Collection of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data based on current prices in 2019 for the province of North Kalimantan; 2). The collection of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data is based on current prices in 2019 for the national territory, in this case the whole of Indonesia; 3). Perform calculations with the Shift-Share method.Keywords :PDRB; PDB; Shift-Share; Kalimantan Utara

The role of the school in educating young people on sustainable development A study of the opinions of a sample of teachers and parents in Aden Governorate))

The study aims knowing the role of the school in educating young people on sustainable development, as the role of school and education in general is one of the most important roles in light of the changes that our contemporary world is witnessing, such as the occurrence of diseases and epidemics, climate change, and waste of resources; It is necessary to search for the role of the school in educating young people on sustainable development to preserve the elements of life in the present and the future, so the research problem is to search for the role of the school in educating young people on sustainable development in the economic, social and environmental aspects The study was based on the analytical descriptive curriculum and type of study, an applied field where (85) teachers and guardians were selected in the province of Aden, and the researchers reached a set of results, summarized in the following: - The respondents (teachers and parents) agreed on the school's important role in sustainable development, especially in the three axes: - the economic axis, the social axis, and the environmental axis. The researchers also found that there are no significant statistically significant differences between teachers and parents in their views on sustainable development in the three axes, the economic, social and environmental axis. - Also, there are significant statistically significant differences between the respondents in their views on sustainable development in the three axes (economic, social and environmental) according to the variable of school quality (public and private) in favor of the private school. The researcher developed a set of recommendation, including: 1-Develop diverse and rolling curricula according to school levels; Pupils are defined as sustainable development in terms of concept, importance and objectives. 2- Establish diverse class, non-class activities in public and private schools, which focus on raising awareness of the different areas and dimensions of sustainable development, economic, s0ciol and envir0nmental. . 3- Establish local, regional and international competitions at the center of sustainable development as one of their main pillars, and ensure the participation of students at the basic level in these competitions to help foster and foster sustainable thinking among the student community. Key word: The role, School, Young people, sustainable development

Saudi Arabian-Led Intervention in Yemen Conflicts

The conflict in Yemen started as a civil war, which was perpetuated by various conflicting groups’ attempts to address and compete for political, economic, and social influence in Yemen (Byers & Stewart, n.d.). However, the Saudi Arabian-led intervention has escalated the local conflicts and transformed the conflicts in Yemen into a significant regional and global competition between different countries and regional sects (Byers & Stewart, n.d.). The main goals of this research are to protect children’s rights and safety, as well as prevent armed conflicts in Yemen. The author will analyze the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemeni conflicts by using social identity theory, the theory of structural violence, and the theory of offensive realism. Social identity theory provides a notion that conflicts between groups might be caused by favoritism towards in-group members and marginalization towards out-group members (Turner & Tajfel, 1986). The theory of structural violence explains the interrelationships among structural inequality, poverty, and violence in society (Galtung & Fischer, 2013). The theory of offensive realism illustrates the political, economic, and territorial factors that attracted different nations and sects to participate in the Saudi Arabian-led intervention of the Yemeni conflicts (Lobell, 2010). Moreover, the author will introduce interest-based mediation to conflicting parties to allow them to explore alternatives for making peace (Moore, 1987). The integrated analyses of theories and intervention practice will enhance the understanding of this conflicting case, as well as provide a comprehensive understanding about parties’ interests and the importance of protecting children’s rights in the conflicts.

Running demands in club, regional, national, and international provincial New Zealand rugby union competitions.

The demands of national and international professional rugby union matches are well established, however, there has not been a comparative study investigating running demands in New Zealand teams playing in club (amateur), Heartland Championship (semi-professional Div 2), the Mitre 10 Cup (semi-professional Div 1) or Super Rugby (professional) competitions. This information could enable specific training and rehabilitation that programmes to be developed to meet the needs of players in the different competitions. Players wore 10 Hz GPS units during games for one rugby season to determine absolute (m) and relative (m.min-1) measures for total distance, running volume (∼≥7 km·h-1) and high intensity running (∼≥16 km·h-1). There were typically minimal differences (1-2 m.min-1) in running distance measures between amateur level front row forwards and inside backs compared to players in these positions at higher levels of competition. Therefore, amateur players in these positions may find the transition to higher competitions less challenging with respect to running load. In contrast, amateur outside backs and back row forwards may find the increased pace of higher levels of competition more challenging due to typically covering significantly less running and high intensity running distances in amateur games. Differences for half backs were more variable between the levels of competition. Based on our results, it cannot be assumed that amateur rugby has lower running demands than higher competitions or that there is a continuum of increased running demands with increasing competition levels, as some playing positions in the semi-professional (Div 2) (second lowest level of competition) team recorded the largest values for total distance, running and high intensity running. Therefore, the specificity of running demands in a position and competition need to be considered individually for each player when transitioning between competitions. The practice and perception of returning a professional player to amateur club rugby due to the belief that running loads being lower may also be flawed, as we found considerable positional variation in running demands within-and-between competitions.

«Oil prospecting of the Volzhsky district shall be stopped halfway» (About the mining engineer N.S. Obukhovsky who has been the head of this prospecting authority)

The article is devoted to the life and the fate of the unfairly forgotten mining engineer Nikolay Stepanovitch Obukhovsky who has been victim of political repression in 1930-ies and to the disclosure of the activity of the Volga oil prospecting, Obukhovsky was the head of this authority in 19191924. The loss of the main oil-producing regions in Russia during the Civil War, the combusted fuel crisis had moved to the agenda the search for oil in the other regions, including the Volga region, this area has been oil tested even before the revolution (exploration drilling). As a result, the authority of the Volga oil prospecting was established and the oil prospecting works were started. The goals of the study are to recall the life course of the mining engineer N.S. Obukhovsky, to discover the main directions of his management of the Volga region oil prospecting and publishing with the main accent onto the Volga region oil. The authors clear and analyze the originality and the main aspects of functioning of oil fields under extreme conditions of the famine, the chronic shortage of finances, material and technical and human resources as well. The article shows the whole number of disadvantages leading to the disruption of geological oil prospecting work in the Volga region, firstly the extremely poor financing of the performed works, abnormal food shortage, under-staffing and the competition of the old oil-producing southern regions outperformed the Volga territory at that time. The conclusion that the Volga oil prospecting authority managed by N.S. Obukhovsky in the period 19191924 became the first attempt to decide a question about the availability of the Volga oil nationally and the name of the authority director must be entered into the constellation of the Soviet oil-well experts who have taken the first steps on the way to the big oil of the Second Baku is drawn

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ФАКТОРИ ФОРМУВАННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ЯК СКЛАДОВА СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНУ

The article examines the influence of institutional factors on the competitiveness and economic security of regions. Institutional factors are classified by the nature of their influence on the competitiveness of regions and by their scope. It was determined that institutional factors affect the competitiveness of industries and sectors of the region's economy by stimulating the development of certain sectors of the economy and cooperation between enterprises within the framework of clusters. The expediency and peculiarities of the formation of clusters in order to improve competitive positions and increase the level of economic security of the region are considered in detail. In the formation of high competitive positions of the region, it is institutional factors that can contribute to the development of clusters, that is, the union of enterprises specializing in the production of similar goods and services. The use of clustering and the formation of clusters makes it possible to increase regional competitiveness by increasing production efficiency and reducing costs and risks. It was determined that in order to increase competitiveness, it is necessary to carry out institutional changes, in particular, to improve legislation, strengthen the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies, decentralize power, and develop the social sphere. Suggestions for improving the legislation have been put forward, stressing that ineffective regulatory acts can complicate business development and investment attraction. It is also noted that the irresponsible activity of law enforcement agencies can negatively affect the investment climate of the region. In addition, an important aspect is the decentralization of power, which allows regions to manage resources more efficiently and make decisions aimed at development. Special attention is paid to initiatives related to the development of the social sphere, since a high level of its development creates favorable conditions for the life and work of the population, which in turn contributes to increasing the competitiveness of the region in terms of labor force.