Mean Red Cell Research Articles

Studies of cow urine and its effect on hematological and histopathological analysis of pathogen-induced animal

The effect of fresh, photo-activated and distilled cow urine was examined on the hematological parameters of pathogen-induced albino rats using automated hematological analyzer. The albino rats were grouped into 3 (A, B and C) and 2 controls; with each group containing 5 rats. Each animal group was induced with 0.5mL of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi respectively. After 7 days of infection, each animal group was treated with fresh, photo-activated and distilled cow urine for the period of 5 days. The animal group infected with P. aeruginosa died after second day of treatment. The blood samples of the animal were collected for hematological analysis. The parameters taken are; Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Hemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Cell count (WBC), Neutrophil, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophil and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and Red Blood Cell count (RBC). The result obtained from the analysis showed that all the samples of cow urine used were effective in the treatment of diseases caused by the bacterial pathogens.

The effect of age on the clinical characteristics and innate immune cell function in the patients with abdominal sepsis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening dysregulated host response to infection that compromises organ health, and abdominal sepsis is a commonly presenting critical illness in intensive care units (ICU). In this study, we investigate the effect of age on clinical sepsis characteristics and innate immune cells (neutrophils and monocytes) functionality in abdominal sepsis patients. We recruited 32 patients with abdominal sepsis from the Beijing Ditan Hospital’s ICU from February 2021 to September 2021, and selected 18 healthy volunteers that were age- and sex-matched as controls for a prospective cohort study. Elderly abdominal sepsis patients (age >65 years) had the following altered characteristics compared to nonelderly patient controls: lower mean arterial pressure, monocytes percentage, and red blood cell volume distribution width (p < 0.05); higher neutrophils percentage and neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (p < 0.05); significantly increased monocyte-produced reactive oxygen (p < 0.05); increases neutrophilic secretion of TNF-α, as well as lower monocytic secretion of TNF-α (p < 0.05); higher neutrophil percentage (which was significantly higher in peripheral blood than monocyte percentage). Elderly patients also had significantly increased phagocytic activity in their neutrophils and monocytes (p < 0.05), significantly reduced neutrophils-produced reactive oxygen (p < 0.001), and significantly increased TNF-α secretion by monocytes and neutrophils (p < 0.05). We found that elderly patients have decreased immune cell function and increased release of cytokines compared to younger patients, suggesting individualized treatment plans targeting the elderly septic microenvironment could help prevent organ failure in elderly septic patients and improves patient survival.

Spurious thrombocytosis, red cell count and mean cell volume in a patient with thermal burns.

Spurious thrombocytosis, red cell count and mean cell volume in a patient with thermal burns.

Perioperative Complications and Long-Term Follow-Up of Liver Transplantation in Hemorrhagic Hereditary Telangiectasia: Report of Three Cases and Systematic Review.

The aim was to describe three patients with hemorrhagic hereditary telangiectasia (HHT) requiring liver transplantation (LT) and to perform a systematic review focusing on surgical complications and long-term follow-up. Unrestricted searches of the Medline and Embase databases were performed through February 2022. Forty-five studies were selected including 80 patients plus the three new reported patients, 68 (81.9%) were female and mean age was 50 (27–72) years. Main indications for LT were high-output cardiac failure (n = 40; 48.2%), ischemic cholangitis (n = 19; 22.9%), and a combination of both conditions (n = 13;15.6%). Mean cold ischemic time and red blood cell units transfused during LT were 554 (300–941) minutes and 11.4 (0–88) units, respectively. Complications within 30 days were described in 28 (33.7%) patients, mainly bleeding complications in 13 patients, hepatic artery (HA) thrombosis in four and hepatic vein thrombosis in one. Mean follow-up was 76.4 (1–288) months, and during it, four new patients developed thrombotic complications in HA, HA aneurysm, celiac artery, and the portal–splenic–mesenteric vein. HHT relapse in the transplant allograft was detected in 13 (17.1%) patients after 1–19 years (including two fatal recurrences). Overall mortality was 12%. In conclusion, previous assessment of HA anatomy and hyperdynamic circulatory state could reduce LT complications. The risk of relapse in the hepatic graft supports a multidisciplinary follow-up for HHT patients with LT.

The values of systemic immune-inflammation index and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in predicting testicular germ cell tumors: A retrospective clinical study.

PurposeTo determine whether complete blood count (CBC) based inflammatory parameters can be used as markers predicting testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT).Material and methodsBetween 2013 to 2018 the data of 58 patients with testicular TGCT undergoing radical orchiectomy and 54 malignancy-free healthy men were retrospectively analyzed as tumor group and control group. Patient baseline characteristics including age, pathological stage and pre-surgery CBC based inflammatory parameters including neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), lymphocyte ratio (LR), neutrophil ratio (NR), mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) were analyzed and compared between tumor group and control group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used analyzing data with significantly difference to assess the discriminative ability of the markers for TGCT, area under the curve (AUC), cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. The binary logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between significant inflammatory markers and risk of TGCT.ResultsMean age of the tumor and control group was 41.1 ± 15.36 and 44.89 ± 9.2 years, respectively. Mean NLR, SII and RDW were significantly higher in tumor group compared with control group with P=0.005, P=0.001 and P=0.016, respectively; there were no significantly differences of age, PLR, LMR, LR, NR, MPV and RDW between groups. The ROC curve for NLR, SII and RDW was plotted in the diagnosis of TGCT and tumor progression, the cut-off value for NLR, SII and RDW were found as 3.38 (AUC: 0.704, sensitivity=51.4%, specificity=88.6%, P=0.003), 881.24 (AUC: 0.725, sensitivity=45.7%, specificity=91.4%, P=0.001) and 0.14 (AUC: 0.63, sensitivity=28.6%, specificity=97%, P=0.063), respectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to the threshold values, respectively. By using the multivariable logistic regression models, NLR ≥ 3.38 (OR, 5.86; 95% CI, 1.67-20.65, P=0.006) and SII ≥ 881.24 (OR, 4.89; 95% CI, 1.48-15.32, P=0.009) were independent risk factors predicting TGCT. Significantly statistical difference of pathological stage was also found between groups with respect to NLR cut-off values (P=0.034) and SII cut-off values (P=0.049). Combined the data together, NLR and SII both exhibited good differential diagnosis potential which could be used as markers predicting the TGCT.ConclusionAs the CBC based inflammation parameters, both NLR and SII could be used as effective tumor markers predicting the TGCT, and higher NLR and SII are associated with higher pathological stage. In addition, SII is a more powerful tool among these two inflammatory markers.

Hematological Profile Changes Among Oral Contraceptive Users: A Narrative Review.

Hematological profiles are measurable indices of blood that can be used to identify and monitor some pathological and physiological abnormalities. Oral contraceptives are one of the factors which may exert an influence on hematological laboratory test results and have a critical importance. Therefore, the main goal of this review was to evaluate the hematologic profile alterations brought on by the use of oral contraceptives. Accordingly, even though there were studies that showed no significant difference, most of the oral contraceptive users had higher hemoglobin, platelet, and erythrocyte counts than non-users. Other erythrocyte metrics, such as mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and red cell dispersion width, did not significantly change. Moreover, leukocyte count and leukocyte differential count had no significant change among the oral contraceptive users in comparison to non-users. Oral contraceptive users typically have shorter prothrombin times, activated partial thromboplastin times, thrombin times, and greater levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer compared to non-users. However, this review is a narrative review and did not show the pooled effect of oral contraceptives on these hematological parameters. Therefore, it is recommended to do systematic and meta-analysis to determine the pooled effect of oral contraceptives.

Pilot project. Resveratrol intake by physical active and sedentary older adult women and blood pressure.

Although the use of resveratrol is widespread, there is a lack of studies concerning its use in older adults who practice regular physical activity. The present study aimed to evaluate how resveratrol influenced anthropometric parameters, heart measures, blood analytes in women participants, aged 60 to 80years old, distributed in four groups consisting of those who regularly exercise or not, and those who were under resveratrol treatment or not. The older adult women exercised in a Community Center. A prospective, comparative clinical pilot study was carried out based on convenience non-probability sampling. Resveratrol 300mg/daily/60days was orally-administered to 43 participants that were regularly accompanied and checked for anthropometrical parameters, heart measures, blood analytes, leukogram, and plaquetogram indices. The effect of resveratrol and exercise was not significant in most of the parameters evaluated in the study. Nonetheless, both systolic (p=0.0120) and diastolic (p=0.0241) blood pressures (BP) were elevated in sedentary older adult women in comparison with older women that regularly exercised. However, they remained within the normal BP range considered for the age. Mean corpuscular volume (MCH; p=0.0198) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW; p<0.0001) were improved in the groups receiving resveratrol and exercises compared to the sedentary group receiving resveratrol. The sedentary group receiving resveratrol showed diminished segmented cells (p=0.0459), basophils (p<0.0001), and lymphocytes (p<0.0001). Present findings showed that resveratrol consumption for sedentary older women could lead to dysregulated blood pressure. Although resveratrol consumption is indicated to treat inflammation, its use must be discussed with a health professional and not be inadvertently self-administered due to significant alterations in blood pressure in older adult women, primarily if not related to exercise practice.

414.3: Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Immunosuppression in the Pig-To-Nonhuman Primate Islet Xenotransplantation Model

Background: With the recent progress of xenotransplantation moving to the clinic there is renewed enthusiasm in the field of xenotransplantation, but the need for strong immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agents remains. The effects and safety of these agents need to be reviewed in detail to allow progress to the clinic. This project aimed to evaluate the short-term (100 days) effects of immunosuppression on haematological and immunological parameters following neonatal porcine islet cell cluster (NICC) xenotransplantation in a diabetic non-human primate model. Methods: Four baboons received 5 doses of anti-CD2 at 5mg/kg from day -3 to day 21 along with fortnightly anti-CD154 administration at 20-30mg/kg and belatacept administration at20mg/kg. This was followed by daily maintenance immunosuppression of tacrolimus at 5mg/kg or sirolimus at 2mg/kg. Prior to immunosuppression administration, blood was collected to establish baseline haematological and immunological parameters. Full haematological parameters were assayed and immunological parameters including B cells, T cells, monocytes, and granulocytes were assessed by flow cytometry. Results: The immunosuppressive therapy was highly effective in suppressing total white cell counts in all recipients. By day 100, B and T cells were depleted by 50-60% compared to baseline. In the 14-day gap between treatment with anti-CD154+belatacept, the immune cells (particularly B and T cells) recovered but were suppressed at each subsequent time point as compared to previous levels. There was a gradual reversal of the CD4:CD8 ratio, with a reduction of CD4+ cells and an increase in CD8+ cells over the 100 days. Tregs, a key component of achieving tolerance, gradually increased from day 30-60. Other hematological parameters such as mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell count (RCC) remained unaffected by immunosuppression. Conclusion: This novel combination of immunosuppressive agents is effective and safe in baboons receiving neonatal porcine islet cell cluster xenotransplantation.

The pathophysiological role of inflammatory parameters in patients with varicocele.

Varicocele is the abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum and is one of the diseases that have negative consequences on reproduction in men today. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathophysiological role of inflammatory parameters in patients diagnosed with varicocele. Patients who applied to Viransehir state hospital urology outpatient clinic between January 2016 and January 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Among the patients whose varicocele diagnosis was evaluated by physical examination, 112 patients diagnosed with Grade III varicocele were included in the study. Obtained hemogram results [red blood cell, red cell distribution width (RDW), mean red cell volume, white blood cell, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean hemoglobin amount, platelet, platelet distribution width (PDW), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocytes, and mean platelet volume (MPV)] were compared with the control group values. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of mean age (p=0.270). Statistically significant parameters between both groups were erythrocyte (p=0.011), MCV (p=0.028), RDW (p=0.018), and PDW (p=0.004), respectively. However, Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), PLT/Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and MPV/PLT ratio (MPVPR) values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the varicocele group (p=0.034, p=0.043 and p=0.045, respectively). According to our results, it is possible to recommend using the inflammatory parameters as markers to screen for the pathophysiological basis of varicocele.

Influence of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width on All-Cause Death in Critical Diabetic Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and all-cause death in critical diabetic patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).MethodsThe clinical data of critical diabetic patients with AKI in MIMIC-III database were analyzed retrospectively. According to the survival status of 28-day after AKI and levels of RDW, patients were divided into survival and death groups, high RDW (RDW > 15.3%) and low RDW groups (RDW ≤ 15.3%). Kaplan–Meier curves were used to compare the survival rates of diabetic patients with AKI in different RDW and AKI stages, and Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of 28-day all-cause death in critical diabetic patients with AKI.ResultsA total of 5200 patients with critical diabetic patients with AKI were included in this study with the male to female ratio of 1.53:1. The mean follow-up time was 24.97 ± 7.14 days, and the 28-day all-cause mortality was 17.9% (931/5200). Age, RDW, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, lactic acid, proportion of AKI stage, sepsis and respiratory failure in the death group were higher than those in the survival group, while mean arterial pressure (MAP) and red blood cell count were lower than those in the survival group. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the 28-day survival rate of the high RDW group was significantly lower than that of the low RDW group (log-rank χ2 = 9.970, P = 0.002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that advanced age (HR = 1.042, 95% CI = 1.021–1.063), decreased MAP (HR = 0.984, 95% CI = 0.969–0.998), stage 3 AKI (HR = 3.318, 95% CI = 1.598–6.890) and increased RDW (HR = 1.255, 95% CI = 1.123–1.403) were independent risk factors of 28-day all-cause death in critical diabetic patients with AKI (P < 0.05).ConclusionHigh level of RDW is an important risk factor of all-cause death in critical diabetic patients with AKI, and it may be used as a valuable index to classify the mortality.

Red cell distribution width and mean platelet volume in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Its association with disease activity

IntroductionHemogram parameters have been recently proposed as markers of inflammation in various studies from different parts of the world. Two of these hemogram parameters are red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV). AimTo evaluate the relation between RDW and MPV with disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. To assess whether RDW and MPV can be used to follow disease activity in RA patients. MethodsThis is an observational cross-sectional study that was carried out on 60 rheumatoid arthritis patients who fulfilled the ACR/EULAR2010 classification criteria of RA attending to Rheumatology and Rehabilitation inpatient and outpatient clinics at Zagazig University Hospitals. All cases were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations; differential complete blood picture (CBC), acute phase reactants (CRP and ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic-citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. Disease activity was measured by disease activity score 28 (DAS28). ResultsThe cut-off levels of RDW and MPV were 14.85 and 11.25. Patients with RDW>14.85 had higher Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28; p=0.0003), ESR (p=0.0001) and CRP (p=0.0001). RDW was positively correlated with disease activity markers (ESR, CRP and DAS28) in rheumatoid arthritis patients. But, DAS28 was not different between patients with MPV>11.25 and <11.25. ConclusionRDW was strongly correlated with disease activity. Also, RDW was better than ESR and CRP in detecting RA disease activity. According to these findings we suggest that RDW can be used in clinics to follow disease activity. In addition, RDW is widely available; as it's usually included in routine complete blood picture and there will be no need for further cost.

Red Cell Distribution Width and Mean Platelet Volume in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Its Association With Disease Activity.

Hemogram parameters have been recently proposed as markers of inflammation in various studies from different parts of the world. Two of these hemogram parameters are red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV). To evaluate the relation between RDW and MPV with disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. To assess whether RDW and MPV can be used to follow disease activity in RA patients. This is an observational cross-sectional study that was carried out on 60 rheumatoid arthritis patients who fulfilled the ACR/EULAR2010 classification criteria of RA attending to Rheumatology and Rehabilitation inpatient and outpatient clinics at Zagazig University Hospitals. All cases were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations; differential complete blood picture (CBC), acute phase reactants (CRP and ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic-citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. Disease activity was measured by disease activity score 28 (DAS28). The cut-off levels of RDW and MPV were 14.85 and 11.25. Patients with RDW>14.85 had higher Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28; p=0.0003), ESR (p=0.0001) and CRP (p=0.0001). RDW was positively correlated with disease activity markers (ESR, CRP and DAS28) in rheumatoid arthritis patients. But, DAS28 was not different between patients with MPV>11.25 and <11.25. RDW was strongly correlated with disease activity. Also, RDW was better than ESR and CRP in detecting RA disease activity. According to these findings we suggest that RDW can be used in clinics to follow disease activity. In addition, RDW is widely available; as it's usually included in routine complete blood picture and there will be no need for further cost.

Determination of hemoglobin level, mean cell volume and red cell distribution width among patients with renal failure in Khartoum state

As a body fluid, blood supplies nutrients and oxygen to cells and carries away metabolic waste products. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2021 in Khartoum state to examine the effect of renal failure on hemoglobin level, mean cell volume (MCV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) in Sudanese patients. One hundred and thirty-five samples were collected from patients with renal failure, 100 of them were chronic, 35 were acute, and thirty 30 samples were from normal individuals as control, the age of patients between eighteen 18 and eighty 80 years, all the selected participants were not suffering from heart diseases or liver diseases.3 ml of venous blood samples were collected in ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) containers. The haemoglobin, MCV, and RDW were investigated using a haematological analyzer (Sysmex KX-21N). The hemoglobin level was significantly low among patients with renal failure compared to normal individuals (P value=0.011). While no significant differences in mean cell volume (MCV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) between patients and normal individuals, with P-values (0.842) and (0.254) respectively. The study results reveal that the haemoglobin levels are lower in patients with kidney failure than in healthy individuals. Additionally, the haemoglobin levels decrease as the patient progresses into chronic renal failure in contrast to acute renal failure.

Determination of hemoglobin level, mean cell volume and red cell distribution width among patients with renal failure in Khartoum state

Determination of hemoglobin level, mean cell volume and red cell distribution width among patients with renal failure in Khartoum state

Anemia Profile in Pediatric Patients at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital

Introduction: Anemia often occurs in critically ill children and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in women and children and impaired cognitive and behavioral development in children. Objective: This study aims to understand the profile and characteristics of anemia patients in the critical care population. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study of the patient's medical records. Data were collected by the total sampling technique. Results: Among 203 patients, 52% were anemic at admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), while 45% were anemic at discharge. Anemia tends to be more common in older age and male individuals with their chief complaints being respiratory symptoms, higher mean Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) levels, and poorer nutritional status. There were 84 patients (41%) who received Packed Red-Cells (PRC) transfusions, among them there were 54 patients (51%) who were anemic at PICU admission. Of the 84 patients who received PRC transfusions during their PICU stay and 43 patients (47%) were anemic on PICU discharge. Conclusion: Anemia is quite common in critically ill children and is dominated by male patients aged under 5 years. Anemia also mostly happens in patients with higher organ dysfunction scores and poorer nutritional status than nonanemic patients. Half of the patients with anemia at the PICU also received PRC blood transfusion.

EVALUATION OF PERIPHERAL INFLAMMATION PARAMETERS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH SUICIDE ATTEMPTS

OBJECTIVE: Haematological parameters are peripheral inflammation markers that can be used to demonstrate the relationship between psychopathology and inflammation. In this study, we aimed to compare adolescents who attempted suicide with healthy adolescents in terms of haematological parameters.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The haemogram records of 765 adolescents admitted to the Paediatric Emergency Service between October 2018 and March 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The control group was created from the haemogram records of adolescents who had similar age and sex characteristics, who had been examined in paediatric outpatient clinics during the above-mentioned period and who did not have any organic or psychopathological disorder. After implementation of the exclusion criteria, 95 adolescents with suicide attempts and 95 healthy adolescents were included in the study. The case and control groups were statistically compared in terms of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) parameters.RESULTS: It was found that in adolescents with suicide attempts, NLR and MLR values were significantly higher than in the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of other parameters. In terms of NLR and MLR parameters, there was no statistical difference among the three subgroups of the case group separated according to the psychiatric diagnoses. However, NLR was found to be significantly higher in comparison with the control group of these three subgroups.CONCLUSIONS: The NLR and MLR parameters of adolescents who attempted suicide were higher than those of the control group. There is a need for more comprehensive studies on the evaluation of inflammatory parameters in adolescents who have attempted suicide.

Blood Cells and Venous Thromboembolism Risk: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that various cell indices are associated with a higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), however, whether these findings reflect a causal relationship remains unclear. Therefore, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal association of various blood cells with VTE risk.Study Design and MethodsSummary statistics of genetic instruments representing cell indices for erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets were extracted from genome-wide association studies of European ancestry, by Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the primary analytical method for MR. Sensitivity analyses were performed to detect horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity.ResultsGenetically predicted red blood cell distribution width, mean reticulocyte volume, and mean red blood cell volume were positively associated with VTE, with odds ratio (OR) of 1.002 [CI 1.000–1.003, P = 0.022), 1.003 (CI 1.001–1.004, P = 0.001, respectively)] and 1.001 (CI 1.000–1.002, P = 0.005). Genetically predicted monocyte count was negatively correlated with VTE, with OR = 0.998 (CI 0.996–0.999, P = 0.041).ConclusionGenetically liability to high- red blood cell distribution width, mean reticulocyte volume, mean red blood cell volume, and low monocyte count are associated with the higher risk of VTE. Targeting these factors might be a potential strategy to prevent VTE.

Bilateral synchronous total hip arthroplasty for end-stage arthropathy in hemophilia A patients: A retrospective study.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been an effective tool of advanced hemophiliac hip arthritis. There are only limited data of bilateral synchronous THA for end-stage arthropathy in hemophilia A patients.The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze clinical outcome and complication rate of bilateral THA for hemophilia A patients with end-stage arthropathy of hip and review the operative strategy.From August 2012 to July 2016, 48 hips of 24 patients with hemophilia A patients underwent THA by a single experienced chief orthopedic surgeon. Clinical and radiological evaluations were included of operation time, blood loss, the quantity of blood transfusion, clotting factor consumption, duration of hospitalization, modified Harris hip score, complication rate, and radiographic assessment.All the 24 patients successfully completed the operation, followed up for 5 to 8 years, and the mean time was 6.5 years. The average operation time was 140 minutes (range, 120–180 minutes). The average total blood loss was 225 mL (range, 150–400 mL). The mean red blood cell transfusion amount was 2.4 U (range, 0–6 U). the mean hospitalization time was 24 days (range, 16–46 days). The mean amount of clotting factor VIII used in the perioperative period for management of hemophilia A was 30,600 U (range, 18,000–52,000 U). Average modified Harris hip score increased from 46.6 (range 28–70) points preoperatively to 90.2 (range 75–98) points at final follow-up, complications were few.With excellent operative techniques and hematological management, bilateral synchronous THA for end-stage arthropathy in hemophilia A patients can provide satisfactory outcomes.

Analysis of Single Blood Entities Using an Ultramicroelectrode through Single-Entity Electrochemistry

The research was conducted with the aim of analyzing individual human blood cells in the presence of redox species based on single-entity electrochemistry. Various blood cells (e.g., red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelets) perform a role directly related to survival, such as oxygen transport, hemostasis, and immune response, as they move through the whole body’s blood vessels. However, with the current lab-on-a-chip typed biosensor technology, the factors that can be measured using a small amount of blood are limited to uric acid, cholesterol, glucose, or hemoglobin in the blood. In clinical laboratories, common methods for measuring individual blood counts are automated hematology analyzers based on the automated Coulter cell counting method or flow cytometry, which produce a huge amount of blood count results, but are limited. For this reason, it is proposed a method for detecting individual blood cells that can be applied to a biosensor simply and quickly.References Ran, An. et al. (2021) ‘Emerging point-of-care technologies for anemia detection’, Lab on a Chip, 21(10), pp. 1843-1865.J-H, Lin. et al. (2020) ‘A Multifunctional Microfluidic Device for Blood Typing and Primary Screening of Blood Diseases’ ACS Sensors, 5(10), pp. 3082-3090.J, Lee. et al. (2020) ‘Determination of Serotonin Concentration in Single Human Platelets through Single-Entity Electrochemistry’, ACS Sensors, 5(7), pp. 1943-1948.T.L.T, Ho. et al. (2018) ‘Determining mean corpuscular volume and red blood cell count using electrochemical collision events’, Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 110, pp. 155-159.A-C, Villani. et al. (2017) ‘Single-cell RNA-seq reveals new types of human blood dendritic cells, monocytes, and progenitors’, Science. 356, No.6335.

Thyroid Hormones and Red Cell Indices of HIV Subjects at Enugu

Background: Thyroid hormones act on nearly every cell in the body including red blood cells. Thyroid hormones are also important to proper development and differentiation of all cells of the human body. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that destroys certain cells in the immune system. The aim of this study was to determine free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (T4) and red cell indices level of HIV subjects attending clinic at Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital.&#x0D; Study Design: Case control study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) clinic and Haematology Laboratory both of Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital, between August and October 2021.&#x0D; Methodology: Sixty HIV subjects and thirty apparently healthy individuals within the age range of 30 - 60 years were recruited for this study. Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), hemoglobin (HGB), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW-SD), red cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) were determined in HIV subjects and apparently healthy individuals. &#x0D; Results: There was significant difference in MCV (125.79+/- 7.57 vs 78.89+/- 5.71 fl), MCH (23.17+/- 2.10 vs27.21+/- 3.68 pg), MCHC (25.08+/- 2.74 vs30.09+/- 3.27 g/dl), RDW-SD (61.52+/- 7.55 vs46.23+/- 5.87 fl), RDW-CV (23.06+/- 5.78 vs43.87+/- 1.28 fl) and PCV (39.38+/- 3.06 vs31.75+/- 2.44 %) between patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and ART-naïve patients respectively. There was significant difference in T4 (8.29+/- 1.29 vs 6.12 µg/dl), MCV (78.89+/- 5.71 vs 84.47 +/- 3.79 fl), MCH (27.21+/- 3.68 vs 29.20 +/- 2.27 pg), RDW-CV (43.87+/- 1.28 vs 12.51 +/- 1.08 fl) and PCV (31.75+/-2.44vs 37.63+/-2.95 %) on ART-naïve patients and apparently healthy subjects respectively. There was a positive correlation between FT3 and MCH in HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) (p= 0.016).&#x0D; Conclusion: In people taking antiretroviral therapy, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration and red cell distribution width coefficient of variation significantly reduced, as well as raised mean cell volume and red cell distribution width standard deviation. This study also observed reduced mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration and mean cell volume in ART- naïve subjects.