Recycling Of Waste Materials Research Articles

Improvement of mechanical strength of low-plasticity clay soil using geopolymer-based materials synthesized from glass powder and copper slag

Due to the environmental issues associated with the production of binders such as cement and lime, finding alternative materials or binders for geotechnical applications is crucial. Therefore, developing low-carbon-footprint cementitious materials by replacing cement and lime with recycled waste-based geopolymers can provide environmental and economic benefits. Incorporating recycled waste materials or green binders in soil stabilizations can not only reduce the construction cost and alleviate environmental issues, but also improve the mechanical properties of the soils. Although the idea of using recycled glass powder (RGP) as a reclaimed material for stabilizing clay soils is not new, the adoption of copper slag (CS) or combination of CS and RGP for the treatment of low-plasticity clay soil has rarely been studied. In this research, various molarities of sodium hydroxide as an alkaline activator and different combinations of CS-RGP were used to assess the mechanical and microstructural behavior of the stabilized low-plasticity clay soil. Moreover, the effects of two different curing conditions (i.e., oven-dried content (DC) and optimum water content (OC)) and curing time on the mechanical properties of the soil (i.e., unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio) were evaluated. The results clearly indicated that CS influenced Atterberg Limits and compaction parameters more than RGP. Also, it was observed that by applying 5% CS at a fixed alkaline activator, the UCS at 56 curing days and CBR at 7 curing days increased 3.11 and 1.68 times, respectively, while these values were 4.03 and 1.90 times, respectively, by applying 5% RGP.

Development and characterization of sustainable concrete incorporating a high volume of industrial waste materials

Recycling waste materials instead of using traditional construction materials in civil infrastructure and buildings is a significant step toward reducing greenhouse gas emissions and the consumption of natural resources. The scope of this research is to identify the properties of sustainable concrete where waste materials such as rubber tires, crushed clay bricks, and crushed glass can be utilized to replace the fine or coarse natural aggregate with substitution percentages of 25, 50, and 100 % by volume. Slump, compressive strength, elastic modulus, impact resistance, density, and sorptivity tests were performed. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X–ray diffraction (XRD) were studied to determine the microstructure properties of concrete. The rubberized concrete mixes showed worse workability, while crushed clay brick and crushed glass concrete showed good workability. The decrease in dry density was 55 % less than the control mix when rubber aggregate was used, while it reached 17 % and 4 % when crushed clay brick and crushed glass aggregate were used, respectively. The compression strength and elastic modulus decreased as waste content increased, except for the fine glass mix. The compression strength of the fine glass mixture was 5.58 % greater than that of the control mixture. The sorptivity of sustainable concrete increased when the amount of waste increased, and its value ranged from 2.7 × 10–3 to 16.5 × 10–3 mm/s½ compared to the control mix, whose value was 2 × 10–3 mm/s½. The findings of this investigation demonstrated that the studied waste materials can be used to produce either sustainable lightweight concrete without severe deterioration of mechanical properties or conventional concrete with better mechanical performance.

An Insight into the Chemistry of Cement—A Review

Even if cement is a well-consolidated material, the chemistry of cement (and the chemistry inside cement) remains very complex and still non-obvious. What is sure is that the hydration mechanism plays a pivotal role in the development of cements with specific final chemical compositions, mechanical properties, and porosities. This document provides a survey of the chemistry behind such inorganic material. The text has been organized into five parts describing: (i) the manufacture process of Portland cement, (ii) the chemical composition and hydration reactions involving a Portland cement, (iii) the mechanisms of setting, (iv) the classification of the different types of porosities available in a cement, with particular attention given to the role of water in driving the formation of pores, and (v) the recent findings on the use of recycled waste materials in cementitious matrices, with a particular focus on the sustainable development of cementitious formulations. From this study, the influence of water on the main relevant chemical transformations occurring in cement clearly emerged, with the formation of specific intermediates/products that might affect the final chemical composition of cements. Within the text, a clear distinction between setting and hardening has been provided. The physical/structural role of water in influencing the porosities in cements has been analyzed, making a correlation between types of bound water and porosities. Lastly, some considerations on the recent trends in the sustainable reuse of waste materials to form “green” cementitious composites has been discussed and future considerations proposed.

Transformation of Waste Toner Powder into Valuable Fe2O3 Nanoparticles for the Preparation of Recyclable Co(II)-NH2-SiO2@Fe2O3 and Its Applications in the Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline and Quinazoline Derivatives.

Ecological recycling of waste materials by converting them into valuable nanomaterials can be considered a great opportunity for management and fortification of the environment. This article deals with the environment-friendly synthesis of Fe2O3 nanoparticles (composed of α-Fe2O3 and γ-Fe2O3) using waste toner powder (WTP) via calcination. Fe2O3 nanoparticles were then coated with silica using TEOS, functionalized with silane (APTMS), and immobilized with Co(II) to get the desired biocompatible and cost-effective catalyst, i.e., Co(II)-NH2-SiO2@Fe2O3. The structural features in terms of evaluation of morphology, particle size, presence of functional groups, polycrystallinity, and metal content over the surface were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) studies. XPS confirmed the (II) oxidation state of Co, and ICP-AES and EDX supported the loading of Co(II) over the surface of the support. P-XRD proved the polycrystalline nature of the Fe2O3 core and even after functionalization. In comparison to previously reported methods, Co(II)-NH2-SiO2@Fe2O3 provides an eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline and quinazoline derivatives with several advantages such as a short reaction time and high yield. Polyhydroquinoline and quinazoline derivatives are important scaffolds in pharmacologically active compounds. Moreover, the developed nanocatalyst was recyclable, and HR-TEM and P-XRD confirmed the agglomeration in the recycled catalyst resulted in a decrease in yield after the fifth run. The present protocol provides a new strategy of recycling e-waste into a heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the synthesis of heterocycles via multicomponent reactions. This made the synthesized catalyst convincingly more superior to other previously reported catalysts for organic transformations.

Effect of Adding Waste Polyethylene and GGBFS on the Engineering Properties of Cement Mortar

The recycling of waste materials has become an important topic worldwide. Wastes can be effectively used in concrete to improve its characteristics. This study aimed to research cement mortar’s physical properties, mechanical properties, and durability. In a cement mortar with a fixed water-to-binder ratio (W/B) of 0.5, waste polyethylene (PE) was added at sand volume ratios of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. Cement was replaced with 0%, 10%, and 20% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). The results showed that the slump and flow of mortar tended to decline as the added amount of waste PE increased, but they also increased with the increased replaced amount of GGBFS. The setting time of mortar was shortened as the waste PE increased but delayed as the amount of GGBFS increased. In terms of mechanical properties, the compressive strength of mortar declined as the replaced amount of waste PE increased. Using the GGBFS to replace part of the cement can improve the later mortar strength. This study found that when the added waste PE was within 2% and the replacement amount of GGBFS was 10%, the goal of recycling waste was reached most effectively, while maintaining the concrete’s mechanical properties.

Valorization of Lignocellulose by Producing Polyhydroxyalkanoates under Circular Bioeconomy Premises: Facts and Challenges

In light of the current concerns about environmental issues caused by the excessive use of fossil resources, more emphasis has been paid to the transition to a sustainable and circular economy. Bioplastics as eco-friendly products originating from biomass wastes have gained much attention to solve the problem of plastic pollution. Among them, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polyesters produced using various feedstocks─renewable or recycled waste materials─contributing to a more sustainable commercial plastic life cycle by being a part of a circular bioeconomy. However, the scale-up of the PHA process cost effectively and sustainably remains challenging for large-scale industrial applications. This perspective provides a comprehensive overview of the current insights into lignocellulosic biomass’s role in achieving a circular bioeconomy. Emerging greener biomass conversion technologies are discussed to characterize energy demand, cost, and sustainability within biorefinery PHA production. In addition, recent advances in synthetic biology and fermentation processes for PHA production are discussed. Technological challenges, i.e., bioreactor setup, downstream operation, and inconsistent properties to improve the sustainable production of PHAs and to help transfer this technology to real-world applications, are also addressed.

Nitrogen Doped Cobalt Anchored on the Used Resin-Based Catalyst to Activate Peroxymonosulfate for the Removal of Ibuprofen

The ion exchange resin is mainly composed of carbon, and it can form carbon material after calcination in the isolation of oxygen. Meanwhile, the nitrogen doping of metal-based carbon materials has attracted extensive attention in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to produce active groups in the degradation of refractory organic pollutants. In this study, the used D001 resin served as the source of carbon material and catalyst carrier, cobalt ions adsorbed by impregnation, and then mixed with dicyandiamide and carbon balls formed by calcined (N-Co/D001CB). After nitrogen doping, cobalt exists in the form of cobalt sulfide with high crystallinity, and the serious problems of skeleton shrinkage and internal blockage are significantly alleviated. Under certain catalytic reaction conditions, the degradation rate of ibuprofen in one hour was more than 95%, which was significantly higher than that of cobalt. Finally, quenching experiments found that SO4−· is the main pathway for pollutant degradation, followed by ·OH, and there also exists the contributions of ·O2− and 1O2. In summary, the catalyst was prepared easily and had efficient catalytic activity, but it also recycled its resources with a low disposal cost of used D001CB, realizing the purpose of recycling waste materials and applying them in pollutant treatment.

Komparativna analiza učinkovitosti otpada od orezivanja palmi i geotekstila na stabilizaciju posteljice

This paper proposes a novel and environmentally friendly solution for subgrade stabilization that not only contributes towards waste material recycling but also enhances the bearing capacity of subgrade soil. Laboratory plate load tests were conducted under static loads to evaluate the potential use of palm tree pruning waste (PTPW) as a soil reinforcement material instead of commercially manufactured geotextiles, as well as to analyse the impact of the reinforcement depth, number of reinforcement layers, and the relative density of the subgrade material. The results revealed that as the number of reinforcements increased, the load-bearing pressure behaviour of the reinforced subgrades improved. Furthermore, when the reinforcement depth decreased, the load-bearing pressure behaviour improved significantly. All PTPW-reinforced subgrades performed better than geotextile-reinforced subgrades under the same conditions. Additionally, the bearing capacity improvement in the reinforced subgrades was evaluated based on the bearing capacity improvement factor (BCIF). The highest BCIF was obtained when the PTPW was used as a reinforcement with two layers at a sand subgrade relative density of 80 %.

Comparative Investigation on the Curing Behavior of GS-Stabilized and Cemented Soils at Macromechanical and Microstructural Scales

Abstract In recent years, transportation engineering and construction of urban infrastructures have been developing rapidly in China. On the other hand, green construction demands recycling materials from industrial facilities and exploring the potential uses of waste during a second life cycle. Emerging soil stabilized materials, as alternatives of traditional cement materials, greatly improve the recycling of waste materials and the ground performance. Gypsum-slag (GS) curing agent is a new type of water-hardening inorganic gelling material composed of cement, steel slag, mineral slag, desulfurization gypsum, and additive. The unconfined compressive strength of soils stabilized by GS and by cement was investigated in this study. Meanwhile, the microstructure of stabilized soils was detected by means of scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests. The relationship between apparent porosity and unconfined compressive strength was established by the Python image processing method. The results show that presence of the GS soil hardening agent changes the microstructure and increases the unconfined compressive strength of the original soils. A colloidal substance is generated to envelop the soil particles and fill the pores when the curing agent and soil are fully mixed and reacted. In comparison, the effect of stabilization generated by GS is proven to be greater than that of cement in view of both microstructure and macroscopic strength.

Evaluation of the Effect of Recycled Waste Plastic Bags on Mechanical Properties of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture for Road Construction

Abstract: The use of recycled waste materials in road pavements is currently seen as a viable solution not just in terms of environmental sustainability, but also in terms of improving service performance.[1] This is particularly true when it comes to recycled plastics. Thin plastic bags are primarily composed of low-density Polyethylene and it’s commonly used for packaging, protecting and many other applications. Nevertheless, disposal of waste plastic bags in large quantities constitutes an environmental problem, as they considered non-biodegradable materials. Hence, there is a real need to find useful applications for these growing quantities of wastes. In this research, Waste Plastic Bags (WPB) as one form of polymers are used to investigate the potential prospects to enhance asphalt mixture properties. Research aims include studying the effect of partial replacing of different percentages of WPB pieces of the bitumen as binder modifiers on the properties of asphalt mix comparing it with conventional mix properties, besides identifying the optimum percent of WPB to be added in the hot mix asphalt. WPB were presented in the asphalt mixture in pieces with size (2 x 5 mm2 ). Marshal mix design procedure was used, first to determine the Optimum Bitumen Content (OBC) and then further to test the modified mixture properties. In total, (39) samples were prepared, 15 samples were used to determine the OBC and the remaining were used to investigate the effects adding different WPB percentages to asphalt mix. The OBC was 5.6 % by weight of asphalt mix. Seven proportions of WPB by weight of OBC were tested (2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24%), besides testing of ordinary asphalt mix. Tests include the determination of stability, bulk density, flow and air voids

Utilization of Green Material for Concrete in Construction

In this modern technological era today, green materials are highly regarded as one of the most important elements when designing and conducting an environmentally sustainable construction project. The cement that is utilized in conventional concrete today is one of the culprits for the high levels of carbon dioxide generated, which is damaging to the environment. Many researchers have shown and suggested that cement substitution is a favorite technique for minimizing the generation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as substituting unused raw materials with concrete. The concept of green concrete promotes sustainable development as it utilizes the least natural resources during production and mainly depends on recyclable waste materials as its main raw material. This paper displays the various designs of green concrete in developed countries by partially replacing cement with recyclable materials such as fly ash, demolished waste from construction sites, electronic waste, carpet fiber waste, palm oil fuel ash, and others. Green concrete endorses the innovative and sustainable use of waste aggregate and unconventional alternative materials to substitute cement within concrete. It is crucial to adopt the use of green concrete, especially in developed countries, as they have the capacity and financial strength to ensure adequate training, public awareness, further research and demonstration projects, as well as suitable standards to be applied to endorse the global application of green concrete in infrastructure projects.

Eco-Friendly Asphalt Containing Recycled High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE): Performance Assessment and Cost Analysis

Utilization of the recycled waste materials for new products is considered as a viable solution for saving the environment. This study paper targets the performance evaluation of hot-mix asphalt made with the modified bitumen 60/70 containing 3 % and 5 % of recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) (by the weight of optimum bitumen). First, the properties of modified bitumen mixtures including specific density, penetration depth, ductility, and softening point were measured. Then, the properties of asphalt mixtures made with the modified bitumen including rutting depth and resilient modulus were measured. Findings indicated the suitability of recycled HDPE available in Iranian market in the development of eco-friendly asphalt mixtures. Results showed a 49 % decrease in penetration depth and a 15 % increase in softening point for the suggested modified bitumen mixture containing3 % of recycled HDPE compared to those of control bitumen mixture, i.e. the bitumen mixture containing 0 % of recycled HDPE. Results also showed a 47 % decrease in rutting depth and a 113 % increase in resilient modulus of asphalt made with the bitumen mixture containing 3% of recycled HDPE compared to those of control asphalt mixture, i.e. the asphalt mixture containing 0 % of recycled HDPE. The results showed that the suggested asphalt mixture can be an appropriate option to be adopted not only in moderate climates but also in tropical climates as its characteristics become comparable to those of the bitumen 40/50 and the bitumen 30/40. Replacing a portion of bitumen by the recycled HDPE not only improves the characteristics of asphalt, but also has a positive impact on reducing the natural resource depletion and environmental pollution resulting from burning and/or the retention of plastic waste left in nature. The suggested eco-friendly asphalt is also cost effective.

Analysis of the Influence of Production Method, Plastic Content on the Basic Performance of Waste Plastic Modified Asphalt.

The sustainable reuse of waste plastic as an alternative construction material has numerous environmental and economic advantages. New opportunities to recycle waste plastic in asphalt for road construction would mitigate landfill issues and significantly reduce global carbon emissions. With a clear aim to contribute to a more efficient reuse of waste plastic, this paper reutilized two types of waste plastic (polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE)) as asphalt modifiers to improve the performance of asphalt pavement as well as to achieve the purpose of sustainable recycling waste plastic. Therefore, the optimal preparation parameters of plastic-modified asphalt were recommended by the orthogonal test. Then, the dispersion and modification mechanisms of plastic particles in plastic-modified asphalt were further studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG-DSC). The results show that the asphalt containing PP and PE shows better overall performance at high temperatures compared with the base asphalt. Furthermore, PE-modified asphalt and PP-modified asphalt exhibited optimal properties when prepared at 3000 rpm for 30 min at 170 °C. Moreover, the results of the expansion mechanism show that the main reaction process of plastic asphalt is a physical change. Finally, PP-modified asphalt and PE-modified asphalt generally perform well and are suitable for high-temperature areas. Consequentially, the results of this research promote the recycling of waste plastic, ultimately advocating the recycling of waste materials and environmental protection of pavement construction.

Thermal-mechanical properties of stabilized clayey sand subgrade soils

Stabilization of the problematic subgrade soils is extensively studied over the years to enhance their engineering properties, most commonly strength and deformation characteristics. Recent studies demonstrated that the recycled waste materials are viable sustainable alternatives to chemical stabilizers resulting in low costs and environmentally friendly solutions. In this research, investigative studies were performed to evaluate the durability, mechanical, and thermal properties of clayey sands when treated with recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic pellets and flakes with cement as a binder. A series of experimental laboratories studies were performed to evaluate the unconfined compressive strength, strength retention, swell pressure, soil loss, and volumetric strain of the stabilized soils with different wetting-drying durability cycles. In addition, this study addressed the influence of recycled plastic form and dosage content on the thermal conductivity of the candidate soil. Threshold dosage contents of recycled plastics are established based on the multiscale scale criteria that suffices all the thermal, mechanical, and durability requirements of treated soils. This research indicated that the addition of recycled HDPE plastics led to enhancement in strength, swell characteristics, durability, and thermal conductivity when compared to the untreated soils and demonstrated the feasibility of using recycled plastic wastes in sustainable stabilization practices.

Recent development, utilization, treatment and performance of solid wastes additives in asphaltic concrete worldwide: A review

Asphalt modifications either involved commercial or recycled waste materials modifiers help optimise and improve the deficient properties of asphalt mixtures relative to current standards. This manuscript reviews the recycling of waste materials generated from various sources such as household, agricultural and industrial to minimise natural resources exploitation, lower energy demand, and enhance overall pavement performance. The actual development and implementation of recycled asphalt pavement in numerous countries in Asia, North America, South America, Europe and Africa are emphasised, and their influence on the performance of asphalt pavements is reviewed. Modified pavement showed satisfying performance for years as maintenance and restoration are not required. Generally, solid wastes are required to undergo pre-requisite treatments via mechanical, biological stabilization, thermal or chemical methods before the implementation as asphalt modifiers to ease the handling process. Moisture damage issues have been spotted in the implementation of several types of solid wastes and consequently reduced the strength and durability of pavement. Therefore, potential hydrophobic treatment can be adopted to improve the quality of asphalt mixtures by modifying the hydrophilic characteristics that are contributed by the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) or providing a superhydrophobic coating onto the particles. The treatments greatly weakened the moisture sensitivity of modified materials by reducing their water absorption and increasing their water contact angle. The modified mixtures are necessary to have identical or enhanced pavement performance to the conventional mixtures. Besides, future researchers are encouraged to broaden the research field in pavement engineering by considering chemical treatments in improving material properties to achieve cost-saving, efficient waste management, and higher commercial feasibility. Before implementing any virgin materials, waste materials and by-products as alternative substances or modifiers, it is strongly advised to consider the environmental and economic impacts of the material properties and their optimal incorporation. • The applications of solid waste materials modifiers in asphalt modification were reviewed. • Various sources of waste materials were adopted in experiments and field studies. • Prerequisite treatments are necessary to prolong the service life of asphalt pavements.

Guest Editorial for the Special Issue on “Utilization of Recycled Waste Materials in Ground Engineering Applications”

Guest Editorial for the Special Issue on “Utilization of Recycled Waste Materials in Ground Engineering Applications”

Comparing the Effect of Thermal-Oxidation and Photo-Oxidation of Asphalt Mixtures on the Rheological and Chemical Properties of Extracted Bituminous Binder.

The reliable and representative ageing of asphalt samples in the laboratory is critically important to research on asphalt durability, waste material recycling and rejuvenation treatments. However, standard laboratory ageing protocols omit ultraviolet radiation and moisture, and are also based on a universally applied oven temperature and ageing duration. The aim of this research was to demonstrate the importance of ultraviolet radiation in laboratory asphalt aging, motivated by the need for more realistic ageing protocols. Asphalt cores were thermally aged in a standard laboratory oven for 98 days, while other cores were aged for the same period in a weathering chamber that combined thermal–oxidative (heat) and photo-oxidative (ultraviolet irradiation) aging. The bitumen was then extracted from the top, middle and bottom of each asphalt core, and tested for rheological, chemical, and compositional properties. The results were used to compare the effects of the aging protocols, and the effects of depth below the pavement surface. It was concluded that accelerated laboratory asphalt ageing must include photo-oxidation, in combination with thermal oxidation. It was also concluded that both chemical and rheological properties were effective indicators of extracted asphalt binder aging, although the rheological testing was preferred.

Novel nano-biosorbent materials from thermal catalytic degradation of green pea waste for cationic and anionic dye decolorization

The recycling of waste materials in wastewater decontamination has been an attractive discipline in zero discharge and energy recovery. Biochar/zeolite nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized as a cheap and eco-friendly material from a solid fraction obtained from the thermos-catalytic conversion of green pea agriculture waste (Pisum sativum). A dark-whitish solid was obtained from thermal pyrolysis at 450 °C with a heating rate of 27 °C/min for 15 min that was further subjected to alkaline chemical activation. The synthesized composites have been examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission emission microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analyses. The successful preparation of biochar/zeolite nanocomposite was evident from characterization results with an average particle size of 30–40 nm with a high surface area of 15.3 m2/g. The material was evaluated as an eco-friendly adsorbent for decolorization of both cationic methylene blue dye (MB) and Congo red anionic dye (CR) using the batch technique. The influence of dosage, pH, temperature, initial dye concentration, and contact time were studied against the dye adsorption process. It was indicated that the material recorded maximum dye decolorization efficiencies of 87.5% at pH of 12 and 84.1% at pH of 2 for MB and CR, respectively. The optimum material dosage and contact time for dye decolorization were 5 g/l and 60 min, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated from the sorption process and revealed a negative charge of Gibbs free energy ({Delta G}^{o}) an indication of spontaneity and thermodynamic favorability. Positive enthalpy and entropy demonstrated the endothermic behavior and the disorderliness. Equilibrium adsorption results best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model, while MB and CR adsorption kinetics were pseudo-second-order reactions.

Impact and implications for practice

Impact and implications for practice

Development of IrO2–WO3 Composite Catalysts from Waste WC–Co Wire Drawing Die for PEM Water Electrolyzers’ Oxygen Evolution Reactions

Recycling waste materials as catalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) offers an innovative approach to reducing catalyst costs. Scrap tungsten carbide–cobalt (WC–Co) die, used in wire drawing processes in industrial applications, may be recovered as tungsten trioxide (WO3) by the electrolysis method. In this study, all composite catalysts were prepared as their weight percentage IW-x (0 ≤ x ≤ 100). Here, I, W, and x represent IrO2, WO3, and the weight percent of Ir in the mixed composite oxide, respectively. Then, the prepared IW-75, IW-50, and IrO2 catalysts are referred to as 75% IrO2–25% WO3, 50% IrO2–50% WO3, and Ir’s pure oxide form, respectively. These materials are compared with WO3 and IrO2 to investigate their OER performance. According to the linear sweep voltammetry results, the IW-75 catalyst has a 15.03% higher current density than the pure IrO2 catalyst. In the Tafel polarization curve of the catalysts, it is determined that the corrosion potential of IW-75 is enhanced, and the overpotential value is decreased 1.2 times compared to the synthesized IrO2 catalyst sample. As a result, using composite oxide from scrap wire drawing die and IrO2, the cost of the proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzer’s anode catalyst is reduced by more than 25%.