Recent Period Research Articles

The Turkey-Russia Relationship in Historical Perspective: Patterns, Change and Contrast

This paper aims to offer a general analysis of relations between Turkey and Russia since the late eighteenth century. rather than new or original information. It proposes a model of the relationship based on three broad patterns: (i) a multipolar system with shifting alliances (1798-1841): (ii) alliance within a bipolar system (1841-78 and 1952-91): (iii) phases of uncertain détente (1878-1914, 1921-39 and 1991 to the present). In discussing the most recent period, it concludes that the Russian invasion of the Ukraine and the continuing war raises serious doubts about the viability of current Turkish strategy.

Single-group studies in leading physical therapy journals commonly make inappropriate conclusions regarding treatment effect modifiers. A systematic review

BackgroundCharacteristics that identify patients who respond differently to certain interventions are called treatment effect modifiers. Some studies inappropriately report the presence of treatment effect modifiers without adequate study designs. ObjectivesTo evaluate what proportion of single-group studies published in leading physical therapy journals inappropriately report treatment effect modifiers, and to assess whether the proportion varies over time or between journals. MethodsA systematic review was conducted of studies published in eight leading physical therapy journals since 2000. Eligible studies were single-group studies (e.g., cohort study or secondary analysis of treatment arm of randomised controlled trial) that investigated any condition, treatment or outcome. Studies that suggested participants with certain baseline characteristics responded better/or worse to the treatment, were considered to have reported inappropriately. Studies reporting that participants with certain baseline characteristics had improved outcomes but did not state it was due to the treatment were considered to have reported appropriately. The proportion of inappropriate reporting was compared over time and between journals. ResultsOf the 145 included studies, 73 (50.3%) were categorised as inappropriately reporting treatment effect modifiers. The proportion of inappropriate reporting was highest in the most recent period, 2018 – 2022 (59.6%) and 2006 – 2011 (55.6%). The proportion of inappropriate reporting varied substantially between journals from 0% (Journal of Physiotherapy) to 91.7% (Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy). ConclusionsA large proportion (50.3%) of single-arm studies in leading physical therapy journals inappropriately report treatment effect modifiers. This inappropriate reporting risks misleading clinicians when selecting interventions for individual patients.

Mesolithic hearth-pits and formation processes: a geoarchaeological investigation of sediments from El Arenal de la Virgen site (SE Iberia)

Hearth-pits are some of the most common archaeological features documented in open-air Mesolithic sites, especially in coversand areas of NW Europe. However, very few geoarchaeological studies have addressed their formation, function and relationship with occupation surfaces. This work introduces new interdisciplinary investigations on the sediments of the Mesolithic open-air site of El Arenal de la Virgen (SE Iberia). A selection of five hearth-pits from two different occupation phases (Phase 1: 9.3–9.1 cal ka BP and Phase 2: 8.6–8.3 cal ka BP) has been analysed using stratigraphy, texture, soil chemistry, micromorphology, petrography and OSL and TL analyses. Combustion traits of the carbonate rock assemblages preserved in the sediments of the hearth-pits have also been investigated and compared to reference and experimental data from local geogenic materials. Our results allowed us to discuss the anthropogenic origin and taphonomy of the hearth-pits studied and approach their function. The structures from Phase 1 are interpreted as a possible oven and a dumping feature linked to single/occasional use events. In contrast, for hearth-pits from Phase 2, we propose they were related to combustion and dwelling areas subject to recurrent occupation episodes and disturbance. Finally, our sedimentary and soil data revealed existing favourable paleoenvironmental conditions during the Mesolithic occupation of the site characterized by increased moisture, temperature and vegetation cover, in contrast to the Pleistocene and Middle Holocene periods pre- and post-dating the human settlement. This work highlights the potential of integrating geoarchaeological and contextual evidence to clarify the factors involved in the formation of hearth-pits and infer intra-site occupation patterns.

Trees on the tundra: warmer climate might not favor prostrate Larix tree but Betula nana shrub growth in Siberian tundra (Lena River Delta)

Tundra is primarily a habitat for shrub growth, not trees, but growth of prostrate forms of trees has been reported occasionally from the subarctic tundra region. In the light of on-going climate change, climate sensitivity studies of these unique trees are essential to predict vegetation dynamics and potential northward expansion of boreal forest tree species into tundra. Here we studied one of the northernmost Larix Mill. trees and Betula nana L. shrubs (72°N) from the Siberian tundra for the common period 1980-2017. We took advantage of the discovery of a single cohort of prostrate Larix trees within a tundra ecosystem, i.e., ca. 60 km northwards from the northern treeline, and compared climate-growth relationships of the two species. Both woody plants were sensitive to the July temperature, however this relationship was stable across the entire study period (1980-2017) only for Betula nana chronology. Additionally, radial growth of Larix trees became negatively correlated to temperatures during the previous summer. In recent period moisture sensitivity between Larix trees and Betula nana shrubs was contrasting, with generally wetter soil conditions favoring Larix trees growth and dryer conditions promoting Betula nana growth. Our study indicates that Larix trees radial growth in recent years is more sensitive to moisture than to summer air temperatures, whereas temperature sensitivity of Betula nana shrub is stable over time. We provide first detailed insight into the annual resolution on Larix tree growth sensitivity to climate in the heart of the tundra. The potentially higher Betula nana shrub resistance to warmer and drier climate versus Larix trees on a tundra revealed in our study needs to be further examined across habitats of various soil, moisture and permafrost status.

Scientometric Analysis of Gastrointestinal Parasites Prevalence in Sheep and Goats of India.

In the present study, gastrointestinal parasites (GIP) prevalence in sheep and goats from India was estimated by scientometrics. The GIP prevalence studies (86) reported during 1998-2021 was obtained from online databases, and offline literatures, meta-analysis was undertaken by using "meta" package in R-Software. The pooled GIP prevalence in India was 65% (95% level CI 56-74%, PI 12-96%) in sheep, 74% (95% level CI 66-80%, PI 14-98%) in goats and 68% (95% level CI 62-73%, PI 15-96%) in sheep and goats. Period-wise analysis revealed a higher GIP prevalence during 1998-2010 than the recent periods. Among the zones, GIP prevalence was higher in the Central zone (79%) in sheep, North zone (82%) in goats, and Central zone (78%) in sheep and goats. Based on the state-wise analysis, a higher GIP prevalence was observed in Haryana for sheep, Himachal Pradesh for goats, and Uttarakhand for sheep and goats. In India, a higher prevalence was reported by nematodes than other parasite classes. Based on climatic regions, a higher GIP prevalence was observed in semi-arid Steppe type region (84%). The high prevalence zones, states, species, sample types, parasite classes, parasite species and climate regions of GIP will be useful in decision-making and resource use efficiency by policymakers and stake holders. There is an urgent need to prevent the occurrence of GIP infections in sheep and goats by adopting scientific management practices, effective therapeutic measures, and hygienic practices on farms to augment the economic benefits to sheep and goat farmers in India.

The epidemic of acute lymphoid leukemia in China: current trends and future prediction.

China has experienced one of the fastest increases in the incidence of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). The aim of this study was to assess the long-term trends of the incidence and mortality of ALL in mainland China between 1990 and 2019 and to project these trends through 2028. Data on ALL were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019; population data were extracted from World Population Prospects 2019. An age-period-cohort framework was used in the analysis. The net drift for the incidence of ALL was 7.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.1%, 7.8%) per year in women and 7.1% (95% CI: 6.7%, 7.6%) in men, and local drift was found to be higher than 0 in every studied age group (p<0.05). The net drift for mortality was 1.2% (95% CI: 1.0%, 1.5%) in women and 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7%, 2.3%) in men. Local drift was lower than 0 in boys aged 0-4 years and girls aged 0-9 years and higher than 0 in men aged 10-84 years and women aged 15-84 years. The estimated period relative risks (RRs) for both incidence and mortality showed increasing trends in the recent period. The cohort RRs for incidence showed increasing trends in both sexes; however, the cohort RR for mortality was decreased in the recent birth cohort (women born after 1988-1992 and men born after 2003-2007). Compared with that in 2019, the incidence of ALL in 2028 is projected to increase by 64.1% in men and 75.0% in women, and the mortality is predicted to decrease by 11.1% in men and 14.3% in women. The proportion of older adult/adults individuals with incident ALL and ALL-related death was projected to increase. Over the last three decades, the incidence and mortality rates of ALL have generally increased. It is projected that the incidence rate of ALL in mainland China will continue to increase in the future, but the associated mortality rate will decline. The proportion of older adult/adults individuals with incident ALL and ALL-related death was projected to increase gradually among both sexes. More efforts are needed, especially for older adult/adults individuals.

Jalons pour une historiographie de l’aire traductologique francophone

MILESTONES FOR A HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE FRANCOPHONE TRANSLATION STUDIES FIELDFirst, we identify the period before traductologie and then the issues of a historiography of translation studies, before grasping the debates around the term “translation studies” in the 1970s, in particular the motivations of the various equivalents suggested for Translation Studies (TS). In a second step, we refer to the precursors (1950s-1960s) and the pioneers (1980s and 1990s) of this French-language translation studies: what names emerge from this recent period and how have they advanced the reflection? Then we turn our attention to the problem of the translation of TS into French and translation studies into English. Finally, in order to define the socio-institutional dimension of the discipline, we study the parameters and factors that have favored and still favor this French-speaking translation studies, such as associations, training places and programs, recruitment bodies, as well as certain channels of dissemination (doctoral schools, research teams, journals, collections). Our final question focuses on the direct and indirect influences of French-speaking researchers in the humanities and social sciences on TS and translation studies. In conclusion, we focus on the notion of a “French-speaking translation area” and consider its relevance for a historiography in the making.

COLLECTIVE MECHANISMS TO COMPENSATE VICTIMS OF TERRORIST CRIMES

Today, the world is witnessing an unparalleled escalation in terrorist operations, in which civilians of all ages are often victims, and perhaps what Iraq witnessed in the recent period of terrorist operations carried out by ISIS and accepted by al-Qaeda is the best evidence of that, so in the absence of ability The perpetrators of these crimes must pay compensation for many reasons. Either because the perpetrator of these crimes is unknown or has been killed, the primary responsibility for compensation lies with the state, as it is obligated to compensate the victims for the damage they sustained as a result of terrorist operations, and we have indicated in this letter To the issue of the state’s responsibility in compensation and its amount, as well as to address the collective mechanisms of compensation(Insurance and Guarantee Funds), which we focused on in an integrated chapter, and which we call on the Iraqi legislator to explicitly adopt them by stipulating them in the laws because these mechanisms have a very important role in compensating the victims of terrorist crimes as they urgently replace the perpetrator of the crime in the face of the victim and this is limited The same constitutes an important guarantee in ensuring compensation for those affected by terrorist crimes.

Climate change and fossil fuel prices: A GARCH-MIDAS analysis

In this study, we investigate the connection between climate change and the volatility of fossil fuel prices using the GARCH-MIDAS framework which accommodates mixed data frequencies and by extension circumvents information loss due to splicing or aggregation of one variable for the other. We conduct a battery of robustness tests that allow for nominal and real prices of fossil fuels as well as global financial crises (GFC). We show a strong connection between climate change and the volatility of fossil fuel prices albeit with stronger evidence in the post-GFC period. The outcome is positive in the recent period and therefore climate change seems to have heightened the volatility in the fossil fuel market. Even when the real prices are considered, results remain consistent, indicating that inflationary pressures do not diminish the effect of climate change on fossil fuel price volatility. We also show that own market risk positively impacts the volatility of fossil fuel prices and the volatility tends to persist when there is a shock to the fossil fuel market. More conscious efforts are needed to effectively discourage increased investments in environmentally-degrading assets.

Reassessment of the olive ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea nesting population at Nancite Beach, Costa Rica

AbstractNancite is a fully protected beach within the Guanacaste Conservation Area, Costa Rica where olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) sea turtles nest in synchronous mass‐nesting events known as arribadas. Arribadas decreased in magnitude at this beach by approximately 90% during the period 1971–2007 due to unknown causes. The total count estimate of females nesting in a year also decreased over these decades. In the present study, from August 2009 to February 2021, the trend of arribada nesting female abundance and estimated annual production of hatchlings were assessed and compared with previous trend analyses. A total of 62 mass‐nesting events were quantified in the period 2009–2021, with an estimated annual average of 64,694 nesting females. Trend analysis indicated that during our recent study period, the number of females per arribada event increased by an estimated 14% (8%, 20% CI95%). During this period, a mean hatching rate of 33.4% was estimated, corresponding to an overall estimated production average of 2,165,597 per season, which represented an increase of 82.7% compared with a previous estimate for the period 1980–1984, when the arribadas were larger. We suggest that the growth in hatchling production over the past four decades is at least in part responsible for the slight increase in the estimated size of arribadas since 2009/2010. However, because maximal hatching success did not increase above 60%, the beach may be close to reaching carrying capacity, and it seems that high hatchling production may soon level off or begin to decrease. Thus, it is not clear whether current hatchling production will lead to the recovery of the Nancite population to the historical levels documented in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Twenty-five years of epilepsy surgery at a Central European comprehensive epilepsy center - trends in intervention delay and outcomes.

We analyzed trends in patients' characteristics, outcomes, and waiting times over the last 25 years at our epilepsy surgery center situated in Central Europe to highlight possible areas of improvement in our care for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. A total of 704 patients who underwent surgery at the Brno Epilepsy Center were included in the study, 71 of those were children. Patients were separated into three time periods, 1996-2000 (n = 95), 2001-2010 (n = 295) and 2011-2022 (n = 314) based on first evaluation at the center. The average duration of epilepsy before surgery in adults remained high over the last 25 years (20.1 years from 1996-2000, 21.3 from 2001-2010, and 21.3 from 2011-2020, p = 0. 718). There has been a decrease in rate of surgeries for temporal lobe epilepsy in the most recent time period (67% - 70% - 52%, p <0.001). Correspondingly, extratemporal resections have become more frequent with significant increase in surgeries for focal cortical dysplasias (2% - 8% - 19%, p <0.001). For resections, better outcomes (ILAE scores 1a-2) have been achieved in extratemporal lesional (0% - 21% - 61%, p = 0.01, at least two years follow-up) patients. In temporal lesional patients, outcomes remained unchanged (at least 77% success rate). A longer duration of epilepsy predicted a less favorable outcome for resective procedures (p = 0.024) in patients with disease duration of less than 25 years. The spectrum of epilepsy surgery is shifting towards non-lesional and extratemporal cases. While success rates of extratemporal resections at our center are getting better, the average duration of epilepsy before surgical intervention is still very long and is not improving. This underscores the need for stronger collaboration between epileptologists and outpatient neurologists to ensure prompt and effective treatment for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.

The late Pleistocene - Holocene sedimentary evolution in the Ba Lat River mouth area of the Red River Delta

The Ba Lat estuary is part of the downstream stretch of the Red River Delta, the second-largest Delta in Vietnam and the 12th largest in the world. This study analyses GAT borehole sediments in the Ba Lat estuary area to assess environmental changes during the Late Pleistocene - Holocene period. This entailed detailed analyses of 70 m-deep borehole data from the Ba Lat estuary area, including structural analysis of 70 m-deep sediment core samples, 230 samples of grain size, 49 samples of Foraminifera, five samples of petrographic thin slices, and four samples of radiocarbon dating.&#x0D; The data reveal nine sedimentary facies, including river channel sand facies, floodplain clayey silt facies, tidal flat sandy-silty facies, bay clayey silt facies, pro-delta clayey silt facies, delta front sandy-silty clay facies, mouth bar sand facies, tidal flat sandy - silty clay facies, and delta plain silty clay facies. The combined nine sedimentary facies formed sequentially in time, representing the evolution of the sedimentary environment from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene and the evolutionary process from the continental to the estuarine and Delta environment.&#x0D; The results also enable the geographic identification and delineation of the incised valley in the Red River Delta during the Late Pleistocene to Holocene period. The sedimentation rate in the incised valley varies from period to period. In the sedimentation phase of the incised valley, the average accretion rate reached 11.64 mm/year. In contrast, during the open sea regime (shallow sea near the coast), the accretion rate was observed to be very low, with a rate of 1.27 mm/year and the period of delta formation had the highest accretion rate, reaching 13.41 mm/year.

What can death records tell us about multimorbidity?

BackgroundMultimorbidity has been measured from many data sources which show that prevalence increases with age and is usually greater among women than men and in more recent periods. Analyses of...

Factors influencing the risk of repeat termination of pregnancy: A register-based study in Finland

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess how factors such as sociodemographic characteristics, termination of pregnancy (TOP) related factors and contraception affect the risk of repeat TOP. Materials and methodThis is a nationwide register-based study of 193,741 women who had TOP(s) during 1987–2015, using the Finnish Register of Induced Abortions. The risk of various factors, such as age, marital status, residence, parity, TOP related factors and contraception, was assessed separately for each repeat TOP. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate risk of different factors for repeat TOPs. Results21% of the women having TOP had repeat TOPs during the years 1987–2015. Among women with repeat TOPs, more than 70% had one repeat TOP and the rest had two or more. Older, married and rural or semi-urban women had reduced risk of repeat TOPs. Adjusted risk for one repeat TOP was higher among parous women (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.61–1.72). No significant risk for repeat TOP was observed by method in sub-analysis for the recent period after 2006. Women using less reliable (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06–1.23) and unreliable (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.23–1.43) contraception had increased risk of repeat TOP than women using reliable contraception. ConclusionOlder age, being married, residing in rural or semi-urban areas and using reliable contraception were found to be protective factors for repeat TOPs whereas, parous women had higher risk for repeat TOPs. Proper counselling regarding contraception and use of reliable contraception immediately after TOP should be encouraged.

Tree-rings stable isotope (δ18O and δ2H) based 368 years long term precipitation reconstruction of South Eastern Kashmir Himalaya

The hydroclimatic variability in Kashmir Himalaya is influenced by the western disturbances and the Indian Summer Monsoon. To investigate long-term hydroclimatic variability, 368 years tree-ring oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios (δ18O and δ2H) extending from 1648 to 2015 CE were analysed. These isotopic ratios are calculated using five core samples of Himalayan silver fir (Abies pindrow) collected from the south-eastern region of Kashmir valley. The relationship between the long and short periodicity components of δ18O and δ2H suggested that physiological processes had a minimum effect on the tree-ring stable isotopes in Kashmir Himalaya. The δ18O chronology was developed based on the average of five-individual tree-ring δ18O time series covering the time span of 1648–2015 CE. The climate response analysis revealed the strongest and most significant negative correlation between tree ring δ18O and precipitation amount from the previous year's December to current year's August (D2Apre). The reconstructed D2Apre (D2Arec) explains precipitation variability from 1671 to 2015 CE and is supported by historical and other proxy-based hydroclimatic records. The reconstruction has two distinguishing features: first, it is characterized by stable wet conditions during the last phase of Little Ice Age (LIA) i.e., from 1682 to 1841 CE; and second, the southeast Kashmir Himalaya had experienced drier conditions as compared to recent and historical period with intense pluvial events since 1850. The present reconstruction shows, there have been more extreme dry events than extreme wet events since 1921. A tele-connection is observed between D2Arec and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) of the Westerly region.

Abiotic and biotic constraints on Earth’s ancient colonisers in the Proterozoic

The occurrence of stromatolites in the rock record dates from 3.485 Ga, displaying varying diversity and abundance between 2575 and 500 Ma. This paper investigates, for the first time, the role of temperature and bioactive trace elements (including micronutrients) to explain the trend in abundance of stromatolites, using random forests analysis. We modelled the proportion of stromatolite bearing geological units between 2.575 Ga and 540 Ma by using predictors consisting of trace elements (TE) and temperature (T). The variation in TE was obtained using marine pyrite TE content in black shales through time and multiple measurements of ocean T were obtained from geological and biological assays. Analyses were calculated across the whole period (2575–540 Ma) and for specific periods (540–1000, 1000–1300, 1300–2000, 2000–2575.5 Ma), and included TE and T as predictors, in combination and separately. Assessment of model fit was summarised using r2 statistics and with relative mean square errors. A combination of TE and T for the four periods produced the best fit. The predictors were further assessed using importance scores along with their assocaited P values. The most important predictor was T across all periods and within each period – warranting much needed attention to physical properties of marine systems. The most important and significant TEs were Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Sb, Tl with two (Pb and As) achieving significance in multiple periods and the rest in single periods. Only Pb was important in the oldest period (2575–2000 Ma) and the others were restricted to the most recent periods (1300–1000 and 540–1000 Ma). The predicted variation of stromatolites with individual TEs were consistent with biotic influences from metazoa or eukaryotes, and that of two TEs (Pb and As) in particular suggested the occurrence of ecological jumps. These striking observations prompt a need to investigate the consequences of TE bioavailability alongside T, on the various forms of life (prokaryotes, eukaryotes including early metazoans) and their interactions. This paper highlights the role of abiotic factors and discusses biotic consequences (such as ecological pressures), to provide a nuanced understanding of variation in stromatolite abundance through the Proterozoic.

Recovery of ecosystem carbon and water fluxes after drought in China

Drought recovery time is a crucial indicator of ecosystem resilience. However, existing drought recovery quantification methods have some limitations in terms of drought identification and selection of recovery factors. In addition, drought recovery time in China and related impacts on different landcover types are largely unknown. Therefore, the present study sought to develop a new drought recovery quantification system that considers recovery of ecosystem carbon- and water-related variables in China across seasons (wet and dry) and landcover types. The results showed that drought conditions worsened, especially in northern and western China, from 1982 to 2016. Drought had a strong effect on soil water storage (SWS), with runoff and SWS decreasing in more than 65% of the study area after drought. Drought led to decreases in gross primary productivity (GPP) and water use efficiency (WUE) over 58.7% and 45.2% of the total area, respectively. The mean drought recovery time of SWS (10.4 months) was much longer than that of GPP (3.2 months), WUE (3.7 months), and runoff (2.5 months), especially in northern China. Drought-reduced carbon and water needed more time to recover from drought in grasslands than in other landcover types due to the lower water availability and high evaporative demand. The mean recovery time after dry season drought was longer than that after wet season drought. In a comparison of recent (2001–2016) and past (1982–2000) periods, increased recovery times for runoff and SWS were observed for all landcover types except for SWS (-0.4 month) in grasslands. However, recent recovery times for GPP and WUE were shorter than that in the past. Highly decreased recovery times for GPP (-2.2 months) and WUE (-2.4 months) were found in grasslands. Runoff recovery time increased by 4.9 months in forest and SWS recovery time increased by 1.4 months in cropland. These results improved our understanding of regional drought recovery mechanisms and future trends in different landcover types.

Modulation of East Asian monsoon strength by ENSO during the warm periods of the late Holocene: Evidence from Porites corals in the northern South China Sea

As a gauge for ocean precipitation conditions, sea surface salinity (SSS) is suspected to be an excellent indicator for variations in the global hydrological cycle. The SSS conditions in the South China Sea (SCS) are closely related to precipitation changes of the East Asian monsoon. However, the characteristics and driving mechanisms of the meridional pattern of East Asian monsoon rainfall during the warm periods of the late Holocene are not well understood because of a lack of high-resolution proxies from the SCS. Here, we present three precise chronologies of monthly stable coral skeleton oxygen isotopes (δ18O) and pair them with established composite strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) records from the Xisha Islands to obtain a continuous reconstruction of the residual δ18O (Δδ18O, regarded as seawater δ18O) during 1980–2007 CE (Common Era), 1149–1205 CE, and 2070–2011 a BP (years before 1950 CE). The results confirm that coral Δδ18O is a good tracer for reconstructing SSS and precipitation changes in the northern SCS on seasonal and interannual timescales, with higher Δδ18O values implying more saline conditions and less precipitation. The mean value of fossil coral Δδ18O for 1149–1205 CE was higher than that of modern coral, suggesting the existence of salty surface waters and notable dry climate episodes in the northern SCS during the late Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA). In contrast, the average coral Δδ18O for 2070–2011 a BP was significantly lighter by about 0.404‰ compared to that of recent decades, indicating that less saline and more humid conditions occurred in the northern SCS during the early Roman Warm Period (RWP). Synthesizing our coral records with other published precipitation reconstructions from eastern China suggested a meridional dipole spatial pattern of moisture variation over East Asia during the historical warm periods of the Holocene. During the MCA, drier conditions generally prevailed in the region south of the Yangtze River, and more humid conditions in the north. This may be closely related to the contemporaneous strong El Niño activity occurring at this time, which probably enhanced the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and caused a northward shift of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), possibly inducing increased water vapor transport from the SCS to North China. During the RWP, the relatively weak El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability may weaken the intensity of the EASM and shift the ITCZ southward, possibly resulting in a spatial pattern of “wet south and dry north” in East Asia.

Timing of the Cenozoic magmatic intrusions in the offshore Tanga Basin, Tanzania: correlation to age equivalent deposits in the Eyasi-Wembere Basin and their implications for petroleum potential

Abstract The offshore Tanga Basin of north-eastern Tanzania contains Cenozoic sedimentary successions that have been poorly studied. The basin development was due to an interplay of multiple factors including periods of active fault movement linked to the East African Rift system (EARs) which influenced the Cenozoic development of the offshore Tanga Basin. The EARs recorded several discrete tectonic episodes that were associated with magmatic activities and massive volcanism. However, there is no report on the possible presence of magmatic intrusions indicative of magmatic activities and volcanism in the history of the Tanga Basin. Timing of occurrence and distribution of magmatic intrusions are among the key components needed to evaluate the petroleum potential of the basin. A detailed 2D qualitative seismic interpretation, coupled with core logging data and analysis of elemental proxies, has been employed to evaluate the petroleum potential of the Cenozoic successions of the offshore Tanga Basin considering the presence and timing of occurrence of the magmatic intrusions. These used data and the associated interpretation techniques have not been used before to meet similar objectives. Both core logging and elemental proxies are newly collected information used in this study. Results suggest that the Tanga Basin has been variedly intruded by magmatic sills and dikes. Seismic well tie and correlation to age-equivalent deposits across the onshore successions in the EWB revealed that the volcanic events occurred during tectonic episodes that influenced the development of the East African Rift basins. Seismic interpretation also suggests that these tectonic episodes occurred possibly during the Miocene, Pleistocene and Holocene periods when magmatic intrusions are believed to have promoted source rock maturation and facilitated the formation of structural elements for petroleum preservation.

Prevalence of MGCS Among Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathies.

Prevalence of MGCS Among Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathies.