Reading Media Research Articles

DEVELOPING POP-UP BOOK MEDIA IN EARLY READING AT LOW CLASS

This research was motivated by the lack of media in early reading at the low class. Pop-up book was a media that provided a more attractive visualization for students. Pop-up books provoked students' enthusiasm in reading and stimulated students' imagination. This type of research was development (R&D), using the ADDIE model consisting of 5 stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation . The data were obtained from the questionnaire filled in by validators and field experts viewed from 5 aspects, namely simplicity, emphasis, balance, integration, and media design. Then, the feasibility test by media experts obtained a percentage of 89.55% (very feasible), by material experts was 88.55% (very feasible), and by field experts on media design was 86.25% (very feasible), and on the material was 85.4% (very feasible). Overall, pop-up book media for early reading was very feasible.

Investigating comprehension measures of Reading Adventure Time! For improving reading skills

Reading Adventure Time! was designed to support braille reading skills. The education technology tool operates on an Apple iPad using a refreshable braille display and was developed under a United States Federal grant, the Stepping Up Technology program (H327S120007). Forty-nine student/teacher pairs used the app. Students read passages on their braille displays and responded to comprehension questions. Data included reading comprehension scores, accuracy, and reading miscues for each passage read using the app. Students read orally and silently, and passages consisted of both literary and expository literature. Results indicated that comprehension of literary and expository texts was highly positively correlated r(48) = .79, p < .000. Student-participants in the apprentice category answered more questions correctly when reading silently. For students who used rereading as a comprehension strategy, a positive correlation was found between the number of rereads and comprehension. Variables impacting reading comprehension included the level of vision, socioeconomic status, and a preference for print as a reading medium. Overall results indicated that, in general, students’ reading comprehension was a strength. Students’ comprehension at lower grade levels was slightly higher than that in upper grade levels, and comprehension scores were similar for both literary and expository passages at all ages. Students’ comprehension was slightly better when reading orally versus silently. Students used rereading as a strategy to assist with comprehension, although not extensively. The study provides evidence supporting Reading Adventure Time! as a high-tech digital tool supporting literacy skills development in conjunction with literacy instruction.

STUDENTS' LITERACY CULTURE IN NON DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AREA (PESANTREN)

Literacy is a social practice. In the past, literacy was only focused on reading and writing. Recently, literacy can happen everywhere, become a culture and people can make meaning of the practice. Literacy also cannot be separated from technology nowadays. Most people become digital natives to accomplish their daily business in which it is also the literacy activities. This study wants to clarify students’ preference in reading, to know students’ multimodal literacy, to probe students’ literacy practice in Pesantren, and to probe students’ literacy cultures if there are some digital technology stuffs. By applying qualitative approach using questionnaires and semi-structured interview to students, the results showed that mostly students were not really love reading (medium) in Pesantren because of no any book collections, the obligation of their own regulation to finish what they have read, boredom reading, no much time to read due to some other activities in Pesantren and preference to sleep rather than to read in Pesantren. Students also preferred reading novel as their multimodal literacy in Pesantren. The following answers, students conveyed that they felt so-so after doing literacy practice. The last, the answers related to the literacy culture if they meet some digital technology stuffs were various. Most students would not read at all at home when they get holiday. Most students also were very agreed if they have access to digital technology stuffs in Pesantren, but the claims also showed that the presence of digital technology stuffs would disturb their reading quality. Therefore, the students’ literacy cultures in non-digital technology area are average because they have various main activities of Pesantren to do and the availability of the access to some digital technology stuffs in Pesantren are seen disturbing.

Developing Interactive Learning Multimedia Based on Simulation Model

The purpose of this research is to develop interactive multimedia namely Smile English that can be used as the media for learning reading especially for self-preparation on the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) material. This reading interactive media used a simulation model. This idea exploded after observing and collecting the data in the internal environment of Politeknik Negeri Batam Based on the placement test, it was found that about 540 (49,23%) of Polibatam students' test were categorized into the intermediate level and the rest were elementary and novice level. It means that the students need to improve their preparation before taking the test to an accomplished better score. Smile English was developed by using R and D research. In this case, the researcher followed the step of the Luther-Sutopo method which was started from concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. It was designed using Adobe Flash software which in this software combined text, sound, and animation. The research result showed that the implementation of Smile English was successful to help the students in preparing themselves for the TOEIC test. Therefore, 60 students from Politeknik Negeri Batam had a good result in joining the TOEIC test, especially for the reading section.

Konflik Poso : Sejarah dan Upaya Penyelesaiannya

This paper analyzes the history of social conflicts that occurred in Poso district that began in 1992 and their efforts to resolve them. In general, this conflict is seen as a conflict in the name of the dominant religion, namely Islam and Christianity. This conflict is motivated by the displacement of social order in which the indigenous Poso people who mostly adhere to Christian beliefs feel marginalized by migrants, especially from Java, who are mostly Muslim. So this makes the social system move where the newcomers dominate in terms of politics, economics and social, giving rise to sentiment. In this study the authors used a qualitative method that uses sources of reading, literature, journals, books and online print media related to this research. The author uses two approaches namely the theory of constructivism and social conflict to answer the problems in this study. The results of this study stated that the main factor of social conflict that occurred in Poso was not due to religious dominance, but rather to the transfer of power both politically, economically and socially. In the solution, it met with obstacles and negotiations to find an amicable agreement that represented the interests of both parties.

“It’s Not Just about Work and Living Conditions”: The Underestimation of the COVID-19 Pandemic for Black Canadian Women

The COVID-19 pandemic has increasingly been defined as the shecession for its disproportionate debilitating impact on women. Despite this gendered analysis, a number of health activists have called on governments to account for the experiences of Black communities as they are disproportionately suffering the effects of this pandemic. In the media’s address of the impact of the pandemic, we ask, what experiences are represented in news stories and are Black women present in these representations. Performing a content analysis of 108 news articles, a reading of media discourses through a racial lens reveals a homogenization of women’s experiences and an absence of the Black experience. In the small number of news stories that do focus on Black women, we see that the health disparities are not simply the result of precarious work and living conditions, but also the struggle against anti-Black racism on multiple fronts. In critiquing, however, we also bring forth the small number of news stories on the Black experience that speak to the desire and hope that can thrive outside of white supremacist structures.

Current Reading Habits of Higher Vocational College Students in Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics

This study employed a convergent mixed-method research design to investigate current reading habits of college students and its impact on their lives in Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics from China. A total of 456 (285 male and 171 female) college students voluntarily participated in the study by completing a selfreported survey. 50 students participated in semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. Descriptive analysis indicated that the hours students spent weekly (M) on academic reading (AR), extracurricular reading (ER), and the Internet (INT), part-time job(PJ), socializing with others(SO) and sleeping (SL)were 10.15 , 14.42 , 9.39,19.97and 57.15 respectively.too much PJ and INT can affect learning outcomes, sleeping, interpersonal relationships, mood and cognitive activities.More than half of the students believe that new media reading has both advantages and disadvantages for their life and study, which depends on self-management.College students' reading behavior has obvious digital features, but the traditional paper reading is still retained and continued.Students are also eager for teachers to teach professional literature reading skills to avoid wasting too much time on ineffective reading. Keywords: Reading, Reading Habits, Vocational College Students DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-15-01 Publication date: May 31 st 2021

Advantages of Print Reading over Screen Reading: A Comparison of Visual Patterns, Reading Performance, and Reading Attitudes across Paper, Computers, and Tablets

ABSTRACT We examined the effects of the reading medium (print vs. digital) on readers’ visual patterns, reading performance, and reading attitudes. Two within-subject experiments were conducted with 74 readers, who read articles using three reading media: print, computer, and tablet. The experimental results showed that in terms of visual patterns, readers exhibited a shorter fixation duration and a higher fixation count during print reading than during screen reading; reading performance, as measured on the basis of reading comprehension and reading time, was equivalent across all three media; however, in terms of reading attitude, readers reported higher levels of perceived understanding, perceived confidence, and perceived immersion and lower levels of perceived fatigue for reading printed text than reading from a device screen. Therefore, the performance gap between print and screen reading is narrowing. However, printed text may still be the preferred mode of reading, as demonstrated by the readers’ preferences.

The Use of Movies as Reading Comprehension Materials for Eighth Grade

The aim of this article is to describe the use of movies as reading materials for the eighth grade of junior high school. Movies can be developed as materials to enhance students’ critical thinking and improve their comprehension through multimodal texts provided as their visual media in learning reading. By reading the subtitles of the movies, students could improve their reading skill supporting by visualization of images. The literature review of this article recommended why movies should be developed as reading materials in language learning with their advantages and benefits. Many previous studies suggested that movies could be the appropriate media for English language teaching to motivate students and improve their language skills. English teachers could modify and develop reading materials based on the movies' content to encourage students in language learning. This research applied research and development by adopting the Borg & Gall design. The data techniques of this research included a questionnaire, interview, observation, and documentation. The result of this research indicated that the total mean scores of material aspects, language aspects, and graphic aspects ranged from 3.00 to 3.50. Therefore, the scores were categorized as good and very good. Thus, it can be concluded that the developed product of this research was valid, effective, and appropriate.

Integrating Cultural Materials as the Media for Extensive Reading for Teaching Bahasa Indonesia as Foreign Language

Menyajikan teks Bahasa Indonesia yang ditulis dengan meintegrasikan unsur-unsur budaya untuk materi belajar siswa Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) memberikan banyak manfaat. Selain sebagai sarana untuk meningkatkan jumlah kosa kata, materi yang memasukkan unsur-unsur budaya juga menjadi media untuk mempromosikan budaya Indonesia. Melalui pertimbangan pada kebutuhan belajar siswa BIPA di mana harus memasukkan pembelajaran budaya lokal, penyajian teks bacaan ini dapat dilakukan secara insidental maupun secara langsung dengan menggunakan model membaca ekstensif. Oleh karena itu, penyusanan materi yang mengintegrasikan unsur budaya sangat direkomendasikan untuk dipilih oleh guru karena membantu siswa BIPA dalam mempelajari prinsip-prinsip yang menarik dan otentik. Pada artikel ini, data diambil dari berbagai penelitian terdahulu yang mencakup penyusunan teks berbasis interkultural, model pembelajaran BIPA, dan berbagai jenis model membaca ekstensif. Data diolah secara deskriptif untuk dapat melahirkan gagasan baru tentang penyusunan bahan ajar sebagai materi pendukung proses belajar mengajar di kelas BIPA. Sebagai hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pengajar BIPA diharapkan dapat menyusun teks bacaan yang memiliki kesamaan topik untuk selanjutnya dapat diimbuhkan dengan latihan praktik. Penyusunan buku teks dengan menitikkberatkan konten berbasis budaya dan dikelompokkan sesuai dengan tingkat kemahiran berbahasa juga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis bagi para siswa BIPA. Presenting Indonesian text written by combining cultural elements for student learning materials of Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) provides many benefits. Apart from being a stimulation to enrich vocabulary, material that contains cultural elements is also a means to promote Indonesian culture. By considering the learning needs of BIPA students who must include local cultural learning, the presentation of this reading text can be done incidentally or directly by using an extensive reading model. Therefore, it is suggested that teachers choose a material that integrates cultural elements since it beneficial for BIPA students to learn interesting and authentic principles. In this article, data is drawn from various previous studies which include compilation of intercultural based texts, BIPA learning models, and various types of extensive reading models. The data is processed descriptively to be able to generate new ideas about the preparation of teaching materials as expected to support the teaching and learning process in BIPA classes.

THE EFFECT OF THE APPLICATION OF THE WHATSAPP APPLICATION ON THE EARLY READING ABILITY OF CLASS I ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Early in 2020 , Pandemic Covid-19 spread in almost all regions of Indonesia which resulted in changing in the teaching process. Teaching was carried out by using various digital applications, one of which was WhatsApp application. The purpose of this study was to describe the teaching through WhatsApp application as a learning resource and tool, and to find out the effect of WhatsApp on the students’ reading ability at grade 1. The method in this study was a quantitative experimental research with a questionnaire, interviews, and observations as the instruments. The subjects of this study were grade I students who were registered in elementary schools and participating in teaching with WhatsApp. The results of the study illustrated that WhatsApp application used by the teacher was ineffective as a medium and learning tool for grade 1 elementary school students. The data revealed that 70% of parents stated that their children were not yet able to read, 12% of parents stated that their children were not able to recognize and pronounce words correctly. In conclusion, WhatsApp had no effect on students' initial reading abilitys during the Covid-19 pandemic as the result of the hypothesis testing indicated that the probability value (significance) was 0.000; thus, Ho was rejected. Using WhatsApp application as a medium for early reading was not recommended.

AUDIO JOURNAL: ALIH MEDIA JURNAL ILMIAH DALAM BENTUK AUDIO SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF LITERASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP

This article describes the creation and use of audio media containing scientific journal content. Scientific Journal is a form of news or communication that contains scientific works and is published on schedule in electronic and / or printed form. Scientific journal articles is made to provide useful information and knowledge. Currently most of the higher education institutions have Journal products. The problem that occurs is that the community does not take advantage of this scientific article, journalists are dominated by academics. Students who are supposed to cultivate scientific literacy are less interested in reading scientific journals. The low literacy culture is relevant to the instant culture of the younger generation who tend to be less likely to read. The purpose of this research is to provide an alternative literacy by transferring scientific article media from reading media to listening media. Scientific articles according to published entrepreneurial material are recorded with digital sound technical standards, this product prototype in the form of an Audio Journal can be accessed through all Digital Podcast Providers. Through the Audio Journal, students have easy access to scientific articles anywhere and anytime. This research uses qualitative methods and an interdisciplinary approach. Scientific journals are windows to an ever-evolving science, so that ease of access should be an important principle. The result achieved in this study is an alternative media literacy that is easy and fun for students to access, especially in the Entrepreneurship course. Audio Journal can also be used by people with disabilities to be able to access journals using listening media.Keywords: audio journaling, literacy, science

Exploring the influence of reading medium on braille learning outcomes: A case series of six working-age and older adults

Tactile sensitivity is known to decline with age. Braille provides a vital method of reading and writing for working-age and older adults with acquired visual impairment. The proliferation of low-cost braille displays raises new possibilities for adult braille learners, with dots of greater height than standard paper braille, potentially benefitting older adults with reduced tactile sensitivity. This study explored the influence of reading medium (paper vs braille display) on the accuracy and speed of six working-age and older adult braille learners and examined differences when transitioning from one reading medium to another. Findings indicate that (1) learning letters on a braille display resulted in better speed and accuracy (time: M = 44.2, SD = 37.3, accuracy: M = 83%, SD = 24.8%) than on paper (time: M = 54.3, SD = 40.4, accuracy: M = 80.6%, SD = 28.1%); (2) transitioning from one medium to another generally resulted in the same or better performance (reading times decreased by 11.2% and accuracy improved by 2.4%); and (3) the advantage of the braille display appears to be greatest when reading letters in combination (reading times decreased by 26.8% and accuracy improved by 6.5% for letter-pairs vs a 1.9% reduction in speed and a 2% improvement in accuracy for single letters). The benefit of the braille display condition was most pronounced for participants with reduced tactile sensitivity. Although preliminary, these findings suggest that the use of braille displays in early braille instruction may decrease frustration for those with reduced tactile sensitivity and should not adversely affect the ability for learners to transition to standard paper braille, assuming that both formats are introduced and reinforced throughout training.

PENCIPTAAN KURSI TERAS GAYA MODERN DENGAN KOMBINASI BAHAN KAYU DAN STAINLESS

The use of two-dimensional (2D) animation as a medium for nconveying messages and information has been widely used. The message or invitation can be applied in various media which are very easy to access in the digital era like now. The theme that the author raises in this animated video is about the benefits of coffee as a media for soft selling promotion for Cafe Killiney Indonesia. This is done with the aim of marketing the Killiney Indonesia brand through educational media and can have a positive impact on the audience. The method used in making this 2-dimensional animation is by conducting observation and research through various reading media such as articles, news, newspapers, and other media information media. Then, the finished 2-dimensional animation will result in a video that is displayed on various social media so that it iseasier for many people to access.

Experiencing literature on the e-reader: the effects of reading narrative texts on screen.

BackgroundThe digitalisation of literature is proliferating, and the increasing spread of digital reading devices and the availability of digital texts is likely to make books on screen a lasting phenomenon, but little attention has been paid to the consequences of digitalisation for the experience of narrative fiction. While on the one hand, reading literature on a digital reading device might trigger a superficial processing of the text, and problems regarding orientation within the narrative, the awareness of reading a literary text might, on the other hand, lead to more in‐depth and complex processing, independent of reading medium. This study examines whether the reading performance and the emotional and cognitive experiences of the reception of a literary text vary between reading a printed book or an e‐reader.MethodsUsing a between‐subjects experimental design, 207 participants read the beginning of a novel either in a printed book or on an e‐reader. They then completed a reading comprehension test and questionnaires about their cognitive and emotional experiences.ResultsOverall, the results do not suggest the clear superiority of either of the two reading media. Neither reading speed nor reading comprehension differed significantly between the two groups. Even though a broad range of reading experiences was measured, neither cognitive nor emotional reading experiences differed significantly between the groups.ConclusionAn e‐reader does not affect either reading performance or cognitive and emotional experience of reading a narrative text, compared with a printed book.

REFLECTION MESSAGE OF DAKWAH NOVEL HABIBURRAHMAN EL-SHIRAZY IN THE PHENOMENON OF YOUNG CHILDREN HIJRAH MOTIVATION

This article is based on the novel Habiburrahman El-Shirazy, which we already know is very popular in society. These novels are not only a medium for reading, but also a medium for da'wah and even a part of religious authority itself. Here are some of the best-selling novels that are used as references, such as Ayat-Ayat Cinta 1, Ayat-Ayat Cinta 2, When Cinta Bertasbih 1, When Cinta Bertasbih 2, When Cinta is Bertasbih 2, and Earth of Love. An interesting storyline coupled with spices of Islamic values make this novel a life inspiration for all Muslims, including young people. The phenomenon of hijrah is now circulating in society, and has become a culture for young people. And of course the inspiration in this novel will more or less help young people who have just migrated. Because in this novel, all of the characters are young people with various walks of life trying to keep their Islamic values.

Media Words Card to Improve Reading Skills at the beginning of the First Grade Students in Primary School

This study aims to find the use of word cards to improve reading skills at the beginning by using the action class room method. Based on the results of research conducted in 2 cycles. In cycle I showed that through the Use of Word Card Media in Beginning Reading the average value of student learning outcomes obtained was 68.84 and mastery learning reached 53.85% or there were 14 students out of 27 students who had finished learning. These results indicate that in the first cycle the criteria for student learning are not yet completed, because students who score> 65 are only 68.84% smaller than the desired completeness percentage of 85%, and (2) Furthermore, the results of the study cycle II shows through the Use of Word Card Media in Reading the Beginning obtained the average value of student learning outcomes is 76.92 and mastery learning reaches 88.46% or there are 23 students out of 26 students have finished learning. These results indicate that in the second cycle classically students have finished learning, because students who score> 65 are 92.30% greater than the desired completeness percentage of 85%.

Tablets for all? Testing the screen inferiority effect with upper primary school students

Educational institutions across the world are increasingly integrating tablets in the classroom, under the assumption that tablets improve students' learning. However, little research has specifically focused on the effects of tablets on reading comprehension of primary school children. Based on previous research with undergraduate students, we tested the hypothesis that primary school students will get more distracted, and subsequently comprehend less, when reading expository texts on tablets, as opposed to paper, particularly when they read under time pressure. In addition, from the lens of the comprehension levels hypothesis, we also analyzed the extent to which higher text comprehension skills could minimize the distractions and comprehension difficulties elicited by tablets during reading comprehension tasks. Results from a study with 182 upper primary school students (range 10–13 years old) indicated that those with low reading comprehension skills comprehended better when reading under time pressure in print than on tablet, but students with high skills were not affected by the reading medium. In addition, we found no evidence that tablets affected on-task attention. We discuss the implications of those results in light of the increasing classroom digitalization programs.

The Exploration of New Multidimensional Reading Methode

Through a special combination of the full-text information and the graphic vision to design a valuable way of reading mode for electronic books. With the progress of current society, the people's reading modes and the medium of reading have been changed gradually at the some time, which brings a series of changes in the way of reading modes. Therefore, It is particularly important and necessary for people to seek a new way of reading, which help people to recognize quickly the content of text, the structures of text, and the internal regulation of the text. This paper expounds the necessity of optimizing the visual and the multi-dimensional way mods, And then, the paper discusses several advantages of the multi-dimensional reading modes step by step. This new way of reading way can help readers to recognize immediately the structure and logic of all kinds of books, which can help to improve efficiently the reading speed. It turns two dimensional text into three dimensional text. Through three-dimensional images, people can recognize quickly the internal relationship of complex texts, such as the plot development of the novel, the changes of different geographical information positions, and the different system and network of the literature knowledge.

Children’s Reading Comprehension and Motivation on Screen Versus on Paper

The young generation, born into digital technologies and called Millennials or the Y-Generation, are raised in a world where everybody has a computer in their pockets (Hamari et al., 2014), and they are constantly engaged in digital activities. However, research on the impact of digital devices on learners’ educational performance and motivation is still an emerging field. This article aims to examine perceptions of the sixth-grade students in Turkey of their e-reading experiences on the basis of their personalized/gamified/PDF electronic reading practices in school and the influences of their perceptions on their reading comprehension and levels of motivation in English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom. The study follows a quasi-experimental approach with four treatment groups and a control group, involving 96 sixth-grade state school students in Turkey. The three treatment groups read in order from the personalized/gamified/PDF electronic reading for 5 weeks whereas the control group used printed guided reading program. The results indicate that EFL learners’ use of screen reading has the potential to increase reading motivation of the students. However, no significant difference was observed in their reading comprehension levels despite the use of different reading medium in control and experimental groups.