RCA Method Research Articles

Analysis of Production Defects Using The 5 WHYS and RCA Method at PT. X

PT. X is a textile industrial company founded in 1975, starting commercial production in 1976 with a cotton spinning factory in Purwakarta. However, even though it has been established for a long time in Indonesia, there are still defects that occur in the results of production activities at Spinning Division 6, namely the division that produces 100% cotton yarn. These defective products will reduce the company's reputation where consumer loyalty to the company is at stake, some even do not want to cooperate and negotiate with companies that have a poor reputation. The aim of this research is to find out the factors that cause defective products to be able to evaluate and improve the scope of production activities so as to minimize the occurrence of defects in production results again and improve zero defect quality control. The analysis method in this research can be carried out using the 5 Wyhs analysis through the Root cause analysis approach which is used to find out the root of a problem that causes defects in production results. There are errors that occur along with the factors that are carried out. One of them is that stains on the rolls occur on MCR machines, this is caused by a lack of supervision and checking of the pallet layers to be used. Rolls going off track occur on the winding machine because the glider is damaged so that during the thread cutting process the glider stops spinning for a long time resulting in the thread being thrown to the side so that when the operator starts the machine again, the rolls come out of the cone track. Tangles occur due to the suction mouth touching the surface of the reel, resulting in the thread being stuck when the reel rotates.

Analysis of Extrusion Blow Molding Machine Maintenance Planning with Reliability Centered Maintenance and IRRO Method

High demand for plastic products from year to year creates the need for plastic molding machines that can mass produce plastic products. An example of a plastic molding machine used at PT. X is a VK type extrusion blow molding (EBM) machine. Based on data from PT. X, the downtime of the VK type EBM machine reached 215.74 hours in 2021-2023. Therefore, improvements are needed in the machine maintenance management system. The purpose of this research is to determine the critical components, determine the reliability value of the critical components, and also establish a preventive maintenance schedule along with a cost budget plan for each critical component of the VK type extrusion blow molding machine at PT. X to increase the effectiveness of existing production activities. The method used is Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) with the application of RCA and FMEA methods to find critical components, then calculate the reliability of critical components as a reference for making preventive maintenance schedules. The data used are the failure data of VK type EBM machine in 2021-2023 period. The results of this study obtained 4 critical components with a reliability value of 0.5, namely the clamping unit at 210.3149 hours, the cutting unit at 79.9911 hours, the head unit at 677.5324 hours, and the hydraulic unit at 424.1550 hours. Maintenance planning is based on the IRRO (Inspection, Repair, Replace, Overhaul) method. The total maintenance cost for the period 2025 is Rp 35,093,903, which reduces the cost by 8.5% compared to 2023.

Risk assessment in production of functional food products by means of RCA method

According to the results of review of the regulatory legal acts and standardization documents, the necessity has been determined to develop a methodology for risk assessment in production of functional food products and its introduction into operation for implementation of the quality control system of food products fortified with iodine. This article represents the description of development of risk assessment methodology assigned for assessing the quality control system for functional foods fortified with iodine. The hazardous event in this case is the non-compliance of the food product with the regulatory requirements, in particular the decrease of iodine content in the functional foods down to a level below 30 mcg/100g of the product, which is less than 15% of an adult person's daily requirement. To assess the probable risks that can affect the peculiar features of the functional foods, RCA root cause mapping system was proposed that includes the standard methods: Ishikawa cause and effect diagram, fault tree analysis FTA, failure mode and effect analysis FMEA, and Pareto analysis. The technology of producing of the cooked sausages fortified with iodine-containing food ingredients was chosen as the object of research, as this technology is associated with a wide variety of technological modes and methods of raw materials processing, as well as the storage conditions of the ready products. The results of the study included a review of the collected data, consideration of the hypothesis, expert opinion on the most probable root causes of failures and losses, and the recommended preventive and corrective actions.

Monitoring method and application of transition process with nonstationary conditions based on stability factor partitioning and RSFA

It is common for the working conditions to change with time in actual industrial processes. However, the transition modes of complex industrial processes under different working conditions often have various degrees of dynamic nonstationarity, which makes the traditional process monitoring model based on the stationarity assumption ineffective. In this paper, a Recursive Slow Feature Analysis method based on Stability Factor Partitioning (SFP-RSFA) is proposed for fine process monitoring of transition modes under dynamic nonstationarity characteristics. First, we calculate the stability factor according to the different stationarity characteristics of the production process variables. Then, K-means clustering is carried out according to the stability factor of each variable, and the stability factor of the cluster center is mapped to the interval [0,1] as the smoothing coefficient of the exponential weighted moving average (EWMA), which is applied to each data subblock respectively to highlight the steady-state and dynamic characteristics of the monitoring data subblock. In the online monitoring stage, the monitored data are fed into the subblock recursive slow feature analysis (RSFA) monitoring model. Finally, a comprehensive statistic method is proposed to integrate the subblock monitoring statistics. The Tennessee Eastman (TE) process and actual cement clinker production process were tested and compared with existing RPCA, RCA and RSFA methods. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in the problem of nonstationary transition mode process monitoring are verified.

The sustainability of production and the US Dollar exchange rate influence Indonesian Cocoa and Pepper exports and their competitiveness

This research aims to determine the sustainability of production factors and the US dollar exchange rate on Indonesian cocoa and pepper exports for the 2002-2021, as well as their competitiveness with Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Japan during the period of 2017-2021. The data analysis methods used were Multiple Linear Regression, RAC, and EPD. The research results indicate that production sustainability has a significant effect on Indonesian cocoa and pepper exports for the 2002-2021 period, while the US Dollar exchange rate variable has a significant effect on cocoa exports but an insignificant effect on pepper exports. The competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa for the 2017-2021 period, using the RCA method, is strong in Malaysia, Singapore, and Japan but weak in Thailand and Vietnam. However, with the EPD method, exports to Singapore and Vietnam are in the Raising Star position, to Thailand and Japan in the Falling Star position, and to Malaysia in the Lost Opportunity position. With the RCA method for the 2017-2021 period, Indonesia’s pepper competitiveness is weak in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Japan, but with the EPD method, it is Raising Star in Malaysia and Vietnam, Falling Star in Thailand and Japan, and Lost Opportunity in Singapore.

Team experiences of the root cause analysis process after a sentinel event: a qualitative case study

BackgroundRoot cause analysis (RCA) is a systematic approach, typically involving several stages, used in healthcare to identify the underlying causes of a medical error or sentinel event. This study focuses on how members of a Norwegian RCA team experience aspects of an RCA process and whether it complies with the Norwegian RCA method.MethodBased on a sentinel event in which a child died unexpectedly during childbirth in a Norwegian hospital in 2021, the following research questions are addressed: 1. What was the RCA team’s experience of the RCA process? 2. Was there compliance with the Norwegian RCA method in this case? A case study was chosen out of the desire to understand complex social phenomena and to allow in-depth focus on a case.ResultsThe result covered three main themes. The first theme related to the hospital’s management system and aspects of the case that made it challenging to follow all recommendations in the Norwegian RCA guidelines. The second theme encompassed external and internal assessment. The RCA team was composed of members with methodological and medical expertise. However, the police’s involvement in the case made it complex for the team to carry out the process. The third and final theme covered intrapersonal challenges RCA team members faced. Team members experienced various challenges during the RCA process, including being neutral, dealing with role-related challenges, grappling with ambivalence, and managing the additional time burden and resource constraints. As anticipated in the RCA guidelines, the team’s ability to remain neutral was tested.ConclusionThe findings of this study can help stakeholders better comprehend how an inter-professional RCA teamwork intervention can affect a healthcare organization and enhance the teamwork experience of healthcare staff while facilitating improvements in work processes and patient safety. Additionally, these results can guide stakeholders in creating, executing, utilizing, and educating others about RCA processes.

AI Empowered Net-RCA for 6G

6G is envisioned to offer higher data rate, improved reliability, ubiquitous AI services, and support massive scale of connected devices. As a consequence, 6G will be much more complex than its predecessors. The growth of the system scale and complexity as well as the coexistence with the legacy networks and the diversified service requirements will inevitably incur huge maintenance cost and efforts for future 6G networks. Network Root Cause Analysis (Net-RCA) plays a critical role in identifying root causes of network faults. In this article, we first give an introduction about the envisioned 6G networks. Next, we discuss the challenges and potential solutions of 6G network operation and management, and comprehensively survey existing RCA methods. Then we propose an artificial intelligence (AI)- empowered Net-RCA framework for 6G. Performance comparisons on both synthetic and real-world network data are carried out to demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the existing method considerably.

Billing Risk Handling Based on Economic Learning Material Development Model Using FMEA and RCA Methods

This study aims to describe the Billing Risk Handling-Based Economic Learning Material Development Model Using the FMEA and RCA Methods. The design and research approach in this study is quantitative where quantitative research is a data collection technique that is answered objectively in strengthening the questionnaire. The results of the study show that: (1) The model for developing economic learning materials can be done using Project Based Learning. Where this model prioritizes project-based economic learning. The project in question is to use the FMEA and RCA methods in the company. (2) SOPs in the company have been prepared properly, from 7 days before the due date to more than 60 days late. However, the field conditions that occurred were not by the existing SOP, resulting in various problems. (3) Factors that become obstacles in the billing process include: it is difficult to contact corporations, which results in unscheduled payments and miss communication with clients. (4) Efforts to improve performance in the billing process are carried out by adding a computerized system, setting procedural operational standards, making KPIs (key performance indicators) on billing, making initial agreements with clients regarding late fees and offering early payments, making billing priority lists, and periodically billing blasts via WA.

Identification Of Causes Of Damage In Lathe Using FMEA (Failure Mode And Effect Analysis) And RCA (Road Cause Analysis) Methods

PT. XYZ is a service company in the field of construction and fabrication. The purpose of this research is to identify critical components in system failure on the lathe unit, to find out how often a failure on the lathe is likely to occur, to find out the causes of damage to the lathe machine components and to be able to find out the criteria of risk that has the highest risk score and RPN. The analysis process in this study needs to be done to minimize damage to the lathe. If there is damage to the lathe, the production process cannot run smoothly. For the production process to run smoothly, it is necessary to have machine maintenance activities. Machine maintenance activities aim to keep machines in good condition and ready for use in the production process. The method used in this research is FMEA and RCA. The FMEA method can be used as a system to prevent errors that are predicted to occur. This method is carried out by sorting the RPN value from the highest and then suggesting improvements to the lathe. Meanwhile, the RCA method is a structured approach to identifying influencing factors in one or more past events so that it can be used to improve performance. There are various structured evaluation methods to identify the root causes of problems. The results of this study are the two most significant RPN values, namely the Chuck and Gear components. The cause of the failure of these components is for the chuck. When setting, the chuck is not a flashlight, while the machine is not functioning properly for the gear.

DAYA SAING DAN POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN EKSPOR PRODUK KELAPA PARUT KERING KE ENAM NEGARA UNI EROPA

The European Union is the world's largest importer of desiccated coconut products with the six main import destinations being the Netherlands, Germany, the UK, Poland, Belgium and France. Despite ups and downs in the last five years, Indonesia's exports of desiccated coconut products have increased again in 2021. To determine the competitiveness and development potential of dessicated coconut products to six major markets in the European Union, this study used the RCA and EPD methods. The results show that all six countries are highly competitive for Indonesian dessicated coconut exports. France is an optimistic market for export development. Potential markets for export development are the Netherlands, Germany, the UK and Belgium.

Analysis of Boiler Start-Up Failure Risk with Grey FMEA and RCA Methods in Pt. PLTU Nagan Raya

PT. PLN (Persero) UPK Nagan Raya is a Steam Power Plant (PLTU) that uses coal as Boiler fuel to produce thermal energy. one of the initial stages of the Boiler is Startup as the basis for the start of Boiler operations. The purpose of this study is to analyze and avoid the risks that can make the operating system not run. Based on the research conducted, there are 8 risks that can cause failure. Based on the Grey FMEA method, the priority risk that occurs is that the FO fast shut-off cannot be O / C CCR with a value of 0.491 and also in the flexible joint line of the lower burner air there is a leak of 0.503. The result of the Root Cause Analysis method, the cause of the FO fast shut-off cannot be O / C CCR is the limited facilities and infrastructure for device maintenance which causes obstacles for workers so that the results worked on are not effective and efficient. Meanwhile, the risk that the flexible joint line air lower burner has a leak because it is not critical equipment only used at certain times so the check is neglected which makes the flexible joint leak. The solution that can be done is that as much as possible the operator must carry out routine maintenance/overhaul on the flexible joint so that there is no failure that can hinder the operation.

The exploration of droplet digital branched rolling circle amplification based ultrasensitive biosensor for gastric cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles detection

Techniques for the ultrasensitive detection of cancer cell derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) surface protein are limited. Detection of cancer EVs directly from clinical samples is even more challengeable. Here we developed a droplet digital branched rolling circle amplification (ddBRCA) platform for the rapid and sensitive detection of cancer EVs. The design includes a hairpin structure DNA containing a cancer EVs specific aptamer sequence and BRCA primer sequence. The presence of target EVs could cause the conformational switching of the hairpin DNA, which subsequently triggers the BRCA. The reaction mixture was encapsulated in nanoliter droplets and allowed to incubate at 30 °C for 45 min. The fluorescent signal of each droplet was then measured using a microchip scanner. The results showed that our platform could detect EVs effectively with a limit of detection down to 12 particles/μL. Furthermore, the platform was tested using serum samples to validate its good prospect for clinical applicability. To sum it up, our platform was the first droplet digital RCA method so far, with advancements such as favorable rapidity (∼2 h), high sensitivity, and no washing step requirement, the proposed biosensor is expected to become a promising tool to be applied in clinical routines to assist in cancer diagnosis.

Competitiveness of Indonesia's edible-nest swiftlet exports

Competitiveness is one of the essential factors in increasing exports of agricultural commodities to export markets. Indonesia is a significant producer and exporter of swiftlet nest products globally. This research aims to study Indonesian edible-nest swiftlet competitiveness and development potential in the primary export destination market in the RCEP (the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) area. The study uses secondary export-import data between countries sourced from UN Comtrade from 2009 to 2019. Analyze competitiveness and potential for product development using the RCA, RSCA, EPD, and IIT methods. The study results show that, comparatively, Indonesian swiftlet nests are competitive in China, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Singapore markets and are not competitive in Australia, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand. The export markets of China and Vietnam are promising because they have reached the ideal position of a rising star. Meanwhile, the Thai market has the potential to be developed because the export market is still growing. The Singapore market also needs to be considered to create high-value processed products because it has relatively strong integration with the Indonesian swallow nest production structure.

A universal rolling circle amplification for label-free and highly specific nucleic acid sensing.

Traditional RCA methods face some drawbacks including limited specificity and amplification templates with sequence dependence. Herein, a universal RCA (URCA) strategy for label-free nucleic acid sensing with high specificity was proposed, which could be used for sensing of different nucleic acids without redesigning or synthesizing new amplification templates. The URCA strategy also showed high accuracy for miRNA analysis in practical samples.

Implementing A Human Factors Approach To Rca2: Analysis Of Resultant Safety Recommendations

Root Cause Analysis and Action (RCA2) guidelines offer fundamental improvements to traditional RCA. Yet, these guidelines lack robust methods to support a human factors analysis of patient harm events and the development of systems-level interventions. We previously described how human factors tools can be integrated into RCA2 to create a robust process called HFACS-RCA2. Prior analyses of qualitative data associated with an 18-month implementation project at a large academic health center indicated that HFACS-RCA2 fosters a more comprehensive human factors analysis of serious patient harm events and the identification of broader system interventions. The present study builds on this prior research by presenting the analysis of actual recommendations extracted from RCA reports. Results corroborate qualitative stakeholder findings that HFACS-RCA2 produced recommendations that were stronger and included more substantive changes compared to former RCA methods.

Pengukuran Kesenjangan Pengetahuan (K-Gap) Menggunakan Importance and Performance Analysis dan Root Cause Analysis

Student communities is an unit which responsible for various activities whether an academic or non-academic activities. The service quality given by student communities has huge impact towards involvement of student into every activities/event held by internal campus or any others campus, which is in wide specs affected the value of a university. The service quality given by Student Communities affected by the knowledge level which every staff of SC supposed to have. The goal of the research is to measure the knowledge gap and to find out the cause. The methods used to measure the value of gap knowledge is IPA, meanwhile the method used to analyzing the problem is RCA. Application of IPA method dividing the level of importance into 4 quadrant, consist of quadrant 1 (Concentrate These), quadrant II (Keep Up The Good Work) , quadrant III (Low Priority) and quadrant IV (Possible Overkill), resulting total number of 82 % from all of knowledge atributes in quadrant 1 and II , where those atributes is the main focus for enchantment and upgrading of qualities. After analyzing and finding the problem source using RCA method, it can be concluded that the Student Communities need a system that contained knowledge datas which is accessible and also facilitate the sharing data process. The researcher concluded that the SC need a KMS. SECI Model then used to make a beta version prototype which is offered as solution of Student Communities' s problems .

ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVENESS AND EXPORT TRENDS OF INDONESIAN COCOA TO THE FIVE DESTINATION COUNTRIES FOR 2010-2019

This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa exports to five destination countries, namely China, Germany, Malaysia, Singapore, and USA and to analyze the trend of Indonesian cocoa exports for the forecasting of the next 5 years. The data source used is secondary data in the form of export value and volume from 2010-2019 which is sourced from uncomtrade. Data analysis methods used are RCA, EPD, and linear trend analysis. The results showed that the comparative analysis of the RCA method for the commodities of Indonesian cocoa beans, cocoa butter, cocoa paste, cocoa powder in 2010-2019 has an RCA > 1 which means that it is competitive and has a comparative advantage in destination countries. Based on a competitive analysis using the EPD method, the commodity of Indonesian cocoa beans, cocoa butter, cocoa paste, and cocoa powder in 2010-2019 have EPD retreat and falling star values. Based on linear trend analysis, the export value of Indonesian cocoa beans in 2020-2024 is predicted to continue to decline, cocoa butter and cocoa powder in 2020-2024 is predicted to continue to increase, and cocoa paste in 2020-2024 is predicted to increase and later decrease.

조달입찰(Procurement Auction)의 성과개선을 위한 프로세스 및 경쟁 최적화 모델 설계

Purpose This study is about to establish standards for process design and operation of procurement auction, which is one of the ways to effectively determine the price with the vendor in the procurement. Methods The method of research was selected as a case company in which various forms of procurement are carried out. In the process design of procurement auction, We derived from RCA method how to improve the constraints for evaluating multiple attributes. In order to establish the operating standards for procurement auction, 720 cases of approximately 3.5 years were tested through statistical analysis and based on this, the operating standards for procurement auctions were proposed. Results This study shows, The design of the procurement auction using Fishbone Diagram was able to expand the bid by mitigating the avoidance factor of multi-attribute evaluation, and the results of completion inspection can be analyzed to confirm its. Procurement auction is an advantageous method of price determination compared to negotiated pricing in cases where the order amount is large and it is difficult for the person in charge to calculate the expected price. An analysis of the winning price of new companies showed that new companies are challengingly offering prices and that such competitiveness continues for two to three years. In addition, it was analyzed that the bid reaches a stable and reliable bid price when there are more than four bidders participants. Conclusion The results illustrate, this study proposed a multi-attribute assessment process design method for procurement auction and defined criteria that could be effective in bidding operation, such as number of participants, sourcing new companies, and improving expected price estimation capability.

Cross-Country Potentials and Advantages in Trade in Fish and Seafood Products in the RCEP Member States

Fisheries has always played a vital role in supporting livelihoods and ensuring food security and sustainable economic and social development in Southeast Asia. Historically, rural and coastal communities across the region have heavily relied on the fish trade as an indispensable source of income and employment. With the establishment of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) between Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) economies and large fish traders like China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand, there is a threat for smaller countries to lose competitive advantages in the regional market. By studying bilateral trade flows between fifteen RCEP members in 2010–2019 and matching indicative untapped trade potentials (ITP method) with revealed comparative (RCA method), relative trade (RTA method), and competitive (Lafay index) advantages across 210 pairs of countries, the authors found substantial misbalances between potential values of country-to-country trade and actual advantages of RCEP economies. To optimize gains from intraregional trade for both smaller and larger RCEP members, this study identified advantageous and disadvantageous trading destinations and product categories for individual countries. The recommendations were then generalized along the four groups of economies based on their level of income, contribution to overall RCEP trade in fish, and the share of fishery products in the national trade turnover. From a practical side, the study adds to the knowledge about the fish trade in Asia by detailing how countries can better utilize individual combinations of advantages. From a methodological side, the approach can be employed widely outside the RCEP to establish a reliable picture of potential gains or losses of a particular country in trade with its counterparts across varied sets of competitive advantages.

Molecular characterization of recombinant Bipartite begomovirus associated with mosaic and leaf curl disease of Cucumber and Muskmelon

Muskmelon and cucumber are important vegetables grown in different parts of India. Leaf curl and mosaic diseases caused by begomovirus are economically important on these crops. Survey during 2012–2015 to assess the incidence of both leaf curl and mosaic in Mirzapur and Varanasi Districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India revealed incidence of leaf curl up to 30–40% and mosaic disease up to 50–60% in both the crops. Totally, 103 leaf samples of muskmelon (58) and cucumber (45) were collected from the plants showing viral disease symptoms. These samples were tested for infection by different viruses using DAC-ELISA and PCR. A total of ten samples reacted for CGMMV, nine for PRSV-W, 25 for GBNV, 21 for CMV, 7 for ZYMV and 21 for DNA virus. Together, ELISA and PCR detected mixed infection of RNA viruses (CGMMV, CMV, PRSV-W and GBNV) and DNA virus in different combination in ten samples. The partial DNA virus genome (1.2 kb fragment) sequencing performed on samples indicated possible infection by a known bipartite begomovirus (Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus, ToLCPalV) in 21 samples. Therefore, one sample each from muskmelon (Mm-1) and cucumber (Cb-1) were used for full-length genome amplification of begomovirus genome using RCA method. Sequencing of the full-length viral genome (DNA A) and subsequent analysis using SDT program revealed that Mm-1 and Cb-1 isolates share a nucleotide (nt) identity of 90.4–92.2% and 95.9–99.1%, respectively with ToLCPalV infecting tomato and cucurbits. Similarly, analysis of full-length DNA B of Mm-1 and Cb-1 isolates indicated that they shared genome identity of 88.4–94.0% with tomato infecting ToLCPalV. Further, recombination breakpoint analysis of the viral genome indicated the recombinant nature of the virus isolates. The significance of ToLCPalV strains/variants as an emerging threat in the production of cucurbits in India is discussed.