Rational Use Of Labor Resources Research Articles

Foreign Experience Managing Employees

Recently, many modern organizations in our country have begun to use foreign experience in managing employees. This process can be called internationalization in the field of modern management. Such an organization of work with employees provides for the creation of all possible models at the enterprise, as well as the use of a systematic approach to the rational use of labor resources. Management decisions made by the owners are influenced by a number of factors that neither managers nor other employees of the company can influence. These factors are related not only to the internal processes of the company, but also to the external environment. These factors affecting employee management methods reflect the priority traditions of a particular society, therefore they acquire a different nature.

Classifying the Central Federal District regions by demographic profile of development

Subject. This article considers the economic potential and living standards of the population of the Central Federal District regions and discusses the problems of employment and rational use of labor resources. Objectives. The article aims to assess the differentiation of the Central Federal District regions according to the importance of the main economic and demographic parameters. Methods. For the study, we used a cluster analysis. Results. The article finds that among all the Central Federal District regions, only the City of Moscow is characterized by high values of most indicators of socio-demographic development. The dangerous demographic situation in many regions is primarily due to the low value of the gross regional product per capita. Conclusions. To eliminate the negative trends in the development of many regions, the main of which is the birth rate decline, it is necessary to create jobs, normal housing conditions, and ensure sustainable growth in real incomes of the population.

Сортировка коллизий пересечения

The article describes the features of the transition to information modeling at the design stage, which lead to an increase in the number of digital information models. Quantitative and qualitative improvement of models entails an increase in the time spent by highly qualified labor resources. A method is proposed for sorting intersection collisions for their subsequent correction in order to rationalize the use of labor resources in design organizations, and the organization of work to improve the quality of digital information models, and design solutions in general. Thus, using the collision sorting method, assigning weights to elements, it is possible to increase the productivity of qualified engineers through the rational use of labor resources.
 The greatest number of collisions consist of the intersection of walls with walls, from this it can be concluded that the tool with which the walls are modeled is used incorrectly, there is probably a duplication of elements. The value of weak intersections in the future can be reduced, thereby the verification conditions will become tougher, there will be more intersection collisions, the quality of the CIM will increase after their correction. The values of the weights in this study are assigned based on the fact that the load-bearing elements have a higher priority.
 As further research, it is possible to determine the weights for most of the CIM elements in different types of capital construction projects by expert evaluation and make methodological recommendations.

СОСТОЯНИЕ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ТРУДОВЫХ РЕСУРСОВ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА РЕГИОНА

The Republic of Tatarstan is a successfully and dynamically developing region of the Russian Federation, which has a huge economic potential, including human capital, and favorable conditions have been created for the development of entrepreneurship. To date, the republic fully meets the internal needs of the region for milk, meat, grain, sugar by more than 300%, and for vegetable oil, food security indicators exceed the normative values by more than 6 times. However, sanctions pressure from the US and Western countries, political and economic instability have a negative impact on agribusiness, both in Russia as a whole and in its individual regions. The agrarian sector of the economy has to solve large-scale problems associated with forcing the modernization of the industry, import substitution, which implies the availability of highly qualified personnel designed to ensure the implementation of the sustainable development strategy and increase the competitiveness of agricultural producers. An assessment of the provision of agricultural production with labor resources for 2016-2021 indicates a decrease in the number of people living in rural areas, decreased by 12.9 thousand people. due to the migration of the able-bodied population to cities and a decrease in natural growth. Today, the region’s agriculture is experiencing a shortage, both in industry specialists and workers in ordinary professions, and there is an aging of workers in the agricultural sector. Only a third of the graduates of agricultural universities are ready to return as young specialists to agriculture. Low wages, low prestige and unaesthetic labor in the industry, low provision of basic social benefits, and other factors depopularize agricultural labor and reduce its attractiveness. Despite this, the level of labor productivity tends to increase, which is due to the technical and technological modernization of the main branches of agriculture of the Republic of Tatarstan, the most complete use of the biological potential of crop varieties and livestock breeds, and the rational use of labor resources. At the same time, natural and climatic conditions remain the determining factor in the productivity of labor in crop production. Due to unfavorable natural conditions in 2021, the commodity producers of the republic received less than 37% of crop production. Wages in the agricultural sector remain one of the lowest compared to other sectors of the economy. Multivariate correlation-regression analysis showed that the level of labor productivity in the industry is largely determined by the labor supply of agricultural units.

Development of the Northern Sea Route based on ESG principles

The Northern Sea Route is the most important maritime logistics project. In the future, it should perform various, albeit interconnected, functions: transport support for extraction mineral resources in the Russian Arctic fields, transit communication between the ports of Europe and Asia, as well as the supply of cities and towns in the Arctic zone. At the same time, the future functioning of the Northern Sea Route should be based on the principles of ESG, aimed at minimizing environmental damage and rational use of labor resources. The purpose of the study is to determine the prospects for the development of the Northern Sea Route based on the ESG concept and propose measures to improve the efficiency of its operation. These measures include the development of a GIS system for monitoring the state of the environment in the area of the Northern Sea Route, and in the future, the transfer of all vessels to the use of natural gas motor fuel; development of a unified information system for managing northern delivery, which ensures the optimization of cargo flows; creation at the federal level of a forecasting system and monitoring of cargo transportation along the Northern Sea Route with a simultaneous strengthening of the responsibility of companies holding licenses for the extraction of minerals for the implementation of investment projects on time.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОДЕЛИ ЦЕННОСТНОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ РАБОТОДАТЕЛЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ РЫНКА ТРУДА

The relevance of the work is due to the need to develop new approaches to organizing remuneration and motivation systems at enterprises. The subject of the study is the organization’s activities in the formation and development of its own value proposition (EVP) model, as well as the features of the organization of the value proposition in companies. The purpose of the paper is to develop a new EVP model. The objectives of the study are to analyze existing theoretical positions on the employer’s value proposition and to summarize materials from the practical activities of organizations in the field of employer brand management and EVP. The research hypothesis is that in modern conditions there is a need to form a new model of the employer’s value proposition. The main methods of the study are content analysis of internal organizational documents and other components of corporate culture, economic and structural analysis, modeling, and forecasting. The methodological and theoretical basis of the study was domestic and foreign publications, reporting data, materials from agencies and research companies, as well as policy documents in the field of developing the employer’s value proposition. The article discusses aspects of the use of EVP as a new mechanism for positioning a company in the labor market. It is noted that the construction of remuneration systems in the modern market is determined by the peculiarities of the formation of value propositions on the part of specific employers. The characteristics of the traditional model and the new modern EVP model are given. The results of the study can be used to formulate methodological, regulatory conditions and factors for the development of the employer’s value proposition, to prepare an economic mechanism that ensures the implementation of EVP management policies aimed at the rational use of labor resources, expanding the labor market and developing a system of motivation for company personnel. The author concluded that the analysis of the employer’s brand in modern conditions requires the development of methodological tools that will expand the capabilities of employers in the field of forming and improving the brand for the purposes of the most effective positioning in the labor market in order to win in the competition with other employers.

Theoretical foundations of human resource management in terms of innovative development

The problems of managing the labor market and the employment of the population are given considerable attention by scientists, economists, philosophers, and sociologists. Despite the versatility of research, the problems of human resource management and improving organizational and economic management mechanisms remain insufficiently developed. Only at the regional level of management can we find effective ways to solve the most acute problems of building high-quality labor potential and rational use of labor resources by developing various programs and coordinating the activities of the relevant services. The main discrepancy between the education system and the labor market comes from the lack of forecasting methods in the workforce and imperfections of the mechanisms of social partnership. This is due to the insufficient funding of educational institutions and lack of job security for graduates. In addition, the low level of education of the economically active population of the region, the insufficiently developed training system for innovative industries, the undeveloped employment system for graduates contributing to the imbalance in the labor market, i.e. with a general quantitative prevalence of labor supply over demand, the most important sectors of the economy were not provided with the required amount of qualified specialists. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological aspects of human resources management and labor potential, to develop proposals and recommendations for improving its organizational and economic mechanism.

THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN TERMS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

The problems of managing the labor market and the employment of the population are given considerable attention by scientists, economists, philosophers, and sociologists. Despite the versatility of research, the problems of human resource management and improving organizational and economic management mechanisms remain insufficiently developed. Only at the regional level of management can we find effective ways to solve the most acute problems of building highquality labor potential and rational use of labor resources by developing various programs and coordinating the activities of the relevant services.
 The main discrepancy between the education system and the labor market comes from the lack of forecasting methods in the workforce and imperfections of the mechanisms of social partnership. This is due to the insufficient funding of educational institutions and lack of job security for graduates. In addition, the low level of education of the economically active population of the region, the insufficiently developed training system for innovative industries, the undeveloped employment system for graduates contributing to the imbalance in the labor market, i.e. with a general quantitative prevalence of labor supply over demand, the most important sectors of the economy were not provided with the required amount of qualified specialists.
 The purpose of this study is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological aspects of human resources management and labor potential, to develop proposals and recommendations for improving its organizational and economic mechanism.

DESTABILIZING EFFECTS OF ERRONEOUS AND UNTIMELY MANAGERIAL DECISIONS ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Topicality. There is a requirement to study erroneous and untimely adoption of managerial decisions in the field of entrepreneurship in Ukraine combining economic interests of the businesses with the interests of the society and environment as a base to improve the specific tools of the organizational and economic mechanism of managerial decision-making in the field of entrepreneurship development, taking into account the requirements of economic security of Ukraine. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this research is to build a conceptual model of the impact of erroneous and untimely managerial decisions on entrepreneurship development in Ukraine. Under the purpose of the research, the following tasks were identified: 1) to determine the economic essence of erroneous and untimely decision-making in the field of entrepreneurship management; 2) to investigate the impact of erroneous and untimely managerial decisions on entrepreneurship development in Ukraine; 3) to propose a scientific and methodological approach to overcome the negative impact of erroneous and untimely managerial decisions on entrepreneurship development in Ukraine. Research results. The economic essence of erroneous and untimely adoption of managerial decisions in the field of entrepreneurship is been established. We consider that erroneous and untimely managerial decisions are decisions which made in violation of the principles of specificity in time and economic efficiency. The impact of erroneous and untimely adoption of managerial decisions in the field of entrepreneurship is investigated in the article. The depth and duration of the destabilizing impact of erroneous and untimely managerial decisions in the sphere of entrepreneurship are determined mainly by the fact that they significantly accelerate the main processes that underlie the general instability of the modern economic system. Considering the erroneous and untimely decision-making in the field of entrepreneurship management, we can identify eight main areas of their impact: the institutional direction, the financial and economic direction, the social direction, the criminalization of economic relations, inhibition of innovation, external geopolitical impacts, internal geopolitical impacts, and structural economic imbalances of entrepreneurship development. The existence of these impact directions of erroneous and untimely decision-making in the field of entrepreneurship management leads to the destruction of existing and makes it impossible to build effective mechanisms for innovative development of the entrepreneurship, causes the degradation of existing resources and economic potential of Ukraine. A conceptual model for the impact of untimely decision-making in a field of national economy management is designed in the article. Scientific and methodical approaches to overcoming the negative impact of erroneous and untimely adoption of managerial decisions on the balanced development of entrepreneurship are been proposed in this document. This approach can be based on: firstly, on the correct decomposition of the problem – decomposition of the problem of erroneous and untimely decision-making into several main issues with the definition of their significance; secondly, on a systematic survey of experts in this subject to obtain the most accurate specification of the managerial decision, which may consist of a list of parties with their interests and capabilities; besides – on computer modeling of processes occurring in socio-economic systems. It should be noted, that one of the most pressing issues today is the implementation of such an approach to managerial decision-making, which would ensure a sufficiently high level of innovative development of entrepreneurship, combining economic interests of the businesses with the interests of the society and environment. Conclusion. The results of our research allowed us to conclude that erroneous and untimely adoption of managerial decisions in the sphere of entrepreneurship can lead not only to a direct and continuous decline in production capacity, which can be directly expressed in the real waste of labor potential. Overcoming the problem of erroneous and untimely decision-making in the field of entrepreneurship management can contribute to the formation of a rational and balanced spatial structure of the Ukrainian economy; to the development of effective competitive businesses; to the rational use of labor resources, equalization of socio-economic development of Ukraine; to the improving the demographic situation and increasing the life expectancy of Ukrainian population; to the increasing of gross domestic product. Successful practical implementation of the proposed scientific and methodological approach to overcoming the negative impact of erroneous and untimely adoption of managerial decisions is possible only if the objectives of innovative development of entrepreneurship and economic security of Ukraine are properly taken into account.

Enhancement of the Methodology for Measuring Transport Services Efficiency Indicators in Uzbekistan

Transport as a key factor Transport as a key factor that directly influences the rapid development of any social system is in turn directly linked to the quantitative and qualitative changes of other types of productive forces. The transport service is not only important in the solution of economic tasks, it also helps to develop the road network, bring the village closer to the city, facilitate the permanent work of local personnel and rational use of labor resources. It is worth noting that transport services are also crucial in areas such as enhancing state defense capabilities, strengthening its combat capacity and prompt delivery of relevant content to its intended destination. The research paper is a contribution to the science-based system of economic indicators that create the conditions for increasing the efficiency of transport services and that will be useful for controlling the targeted use of available resources. There are given recommendations on increasing the number of consumers of transport infrastructure, establishing privileges or preferential tariffs for socially vulnerable segments of the population and identifying sources for covering these costs. Furthermore, the results of the study create the basis for the formation of specific theoretical and methodological foundations aimed at the development of transport services in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

КАДРОВЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ РЕГИОНА КАК ОСНОВА УСТОЙЧИВОГО ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

The current stage of development of the regional economy is associated with a new view of human resources as the most important factor of economic growth. In this regard, the rational use of labor resources is an urgent direction of socio-economic development. Innovative development of a region is an economic process aimed at forming an innovation system in it. It is important to address the issue of ways to activate regional innovation activities. A significant role in this process is assigned to the personnel component. Analysis of the scientific literature of recent years has shown that in economics, sociology, statistics, and management sciences there are various concepts related to human labor activity. Among all of them, a special place is occupied by “human potential”, which has not yet been unified in its interpretation. It is noted that the economic category “human potential” is based on the concept of efficiency. The article considers the theoretical foundations of the analysis of the region's human resources potential and the problems of its formation, and forms a system of indicators for its assessment. The initial data for calculations are taken from the information database of official statistics of Rosstat. In modern conditions, the formation, development and effective management of human resources should act as the most important factors of innovative development of the region, as the basis for increasing its competitiveness. A comprehensive analysis of the regional human resources potential, as well as a study of its development problems, can increase the competitive advantages of the region. Analysis and assessment of the state of human resources, identification of factors affecting its development, identification of strengths and weaknesses in the context of economic modernization are necessary for the sustainable growth of the regional economic system. An increase in the number of researchers of the most productive age can be considered a positive trend. It is important to study the level of employment of graduates, as well as the correspondence of their work and the received specialty.

Principles and mechanisms of management and regulation of agricultural enterprises 'labor resources development

The subject of the research is the processes of formation and use of labor resources of agrarian enterprises, management of their development and improvement, regulation and support of employment of the population of rural territories. The purpose of the work is to identify the problem of the formation and use of labor resources of agrarian enterprises and to define the principles and substantiate the mechanisms of their improvement and development, state support and regulation with the involvement of the latest concepts of social responsibility, public-private partnership, social management. Methodological basis of the article became as general scientific, and special methods of scientific knowledge. Were used methods: dialectical, monographic, historical, system-structural analysis and synthesis, problem and program-target approaches. Results of work. The article deals with the problems and proposed principles and mechanisms of rational use of labor resources in agrarian enterprises, instruments of state regulation and support of employment of rural population. Of particular importance is the rationale for rational use of labor resources in agrarian enterprises as the main places of application of labor in the countryside. To this end, the article identifies the factors of employment of rural population in agribusiness, establishes the principles and mechanisms for managing it. The identified risks of the formation of labor resources and appropriate means of overcoming them. Measures of state regulation and support of labor resources of agrarian enterprises are developed. Particular attention is paid to the substantiation and development of employment programs, improvement and development of labor resources at the level of agrarian enterprises, rural territories, regions, countries. This provides a comprehensive program-targeted approach to solving this problem, taking into account the different vectors of global influences and involving modern concepts of sociologization of the market economy of the agrosphere - social responsibility, public-private partnership, social management, etc. The field of application of results. Conclusions and results of the article can be used in the educational-scientific process of the economic faculties of higher educational institutions. It is expedient to transfer them for practical use in the management of labor resources to agrarian enterprises, rural communities, relevant departments of rayon and regional state administrations. Conclusions. The functioning of agrarian enterprises as the most common rural businesses contributes to the full inclusion and effective functioning of market mechanisms that, objectively, through the free fluctuation of prices and earnings, balance the supply and demand for labor in the agrarian sector of the economy. It is also worth focusing on the coordination of employment activities with other areas of economic and social policy in the countryside on the basis of national and regional employment programs. This is one of the important principles that ensures the effectiveness of private and state measures in the field of agrarian labor throughout the country. The presented principles of management of labor resources and regulation of employment in the countryside should be supplemented, in our opinion, another not less important – the principle of advance. Its essence is to predict the development of processes in the market of agrarian labor, changes in its conditions and the definition of concrete decisions in the field of formation and use of labor resources of agrarian enterprises on this basis. This will ensure the best management of their development in the future. In developing the appropriate mechanisms one must rely on all the above principles in interaction, in other words, consider them as interdependent aggregate.

Estimación y proyección de la población económicamente activa de la ciudad de San Pedro Sula, 2015- 2030

Este documento, que tiene como objetivo realizar una proyección de la Población Económicamente Activa en la ciudad de San Pedro Sula para el período 2015 - 2030; sirve como insumo necesario para los planes de desarrollo económico y social desde dos puntos de vista: la población como productora (fuerza de trabajo) y como consumidora de bienes y servi­cios. Es de gran importancia contar con proyecciones por sexo y grupos de edad, pues, además de la relevancia que tienen por sí mismas, de ellas se derivan una serie de proyecciones más desagregadas que permiten brindar información útil para la planificación de las ciudades y precisar con mayor detalle las futuras necesidades básicas (salud, vivienda y educación, entre otras), Sobre esta base se establecen tres variantes de proyección, que a su vez permiten establecer perspectivas demográficas muy diferenciadas. Así, se fijan tendencias diversas en la Población Económicamente Activa de esta ciudad sampedrana. Sin dudas, son notables los aportes de la investigación. Se anticipa el volumen de la fuerza laboral, el cual constituye un elemento crucial en la elaboración de planes de desarrollo a fin de garantizar el uso racional de los recursos laborales en el mediano plazo. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/pdac.v10i0.1741 Revista Población y Desarrollo: Argonautas y Caminantes, Vol. 10, 2014: 91-102

The Attention and Concern of Trade Unions Must Be Focused on the Training of Worker Cadres

The grandiose tasks indicated by the Twenty-sixth Congress of the CPSU [Communist Party of the Soviet Union] for the country's further economic and social development advance the planned raising of the cultural, technical, and skill level of blue-collar workers as one of the most important demands. This problem becomes all the more timely in the face of the continuous improvement of equipment and technology and the introduction of progressive forms of labor organization, production, and management. And this is to be expected because the skill level of workers has a direct impact on improving product quality, on accelerating the growth rate of labor productivity, and on intensifying the thrift program in the workplace. The planning of worker training promotes the rational use of labor resources, which is especially important in view of their growing scarcity.

Ways of Reducing Personnel Turnover

The most important task of the party's economic policy in the present stage of communist construction is to increase the effectiveness of social production. In his report at the Twenty-sixth CPSU Congress, L. I. Brezhnev noted: "Under the conditions of the eighties, the thrifty, economical use of labor resources acquires special significance. It is a complex issure that requires the solution of many problems of an economic, technical, social, and educational nature." The task of making economical and more rational use of labor resources is also emphasized in the "Basic Directions of Economic and Social Development of the USSR in 1981-85 and the Period up to 1990."

Labor Resources and Specialist Training in the Soviet Union

The development of the national economy of the USSR is based on the ever more rational use of labor resources and the gradually increasing labor activity of the population. The share of the USSR population employed in the social economy increased from 32.4% in 1940 to 39.6% in 1960 and 46.4% in 1975. The national economic plans envisage drawing into the social economy all adolescents and youth attending school on a part-time basis and the use of other possible sources in order to increase employment in socialized production. Such measures are all the more urgent in view of the fact that some regions in the nation are experiencing a shortage of labor.

On the interbranch distribution of labor resources in the long run.

The rational use of labor resources is a key factor in the growth of the country's economic potential. In the process of formulating the national economic plan, especially in long-term planning, the demographic composition of labor resources exerts a certain influence on its basic parameters. In this connection the interbranch distribution of the able-bodied population with due regard to its demographic structure assumes great importance.

On the solution of problems of reproduction and utilization of labor power.

While the rational use of labor resources under socialism has always been a matter of great importance, it is especially important at the present stage in connection with the need to augment the role of intensive factors of development of production and in the face of the decline in the growth of labor resources.

A Reserve For Increasing Labor Resources

In the present stage of development of social production, participation in labor on the part of persons who by virtue of family circumstances, state of health, or other objective reasons cannot work in production even on a part-time basis but who feel the need to work for various reasons - for reasons of an economic or moral order - holds immense importance for solving the problem of making rational use of labor resources. At-home work is one of the basic forms for utilization of the labor of this population category.

Improve the Balance Method of Labor Planning

One of the most important problems of planning is the rational use of labor resources. This means establishing such proportions in distributing them as will secure optimum rates of expanded reproduction and the manpower requirements of the national economy at a given stage of communist construction while maintaining full employment of the able-bodied population.