Rational Use Of Fertilizers Research Articles

Study on the influence of fertilizers on the yield and quality of barley and potatoes

Improved plant nutrition when applying organic and mineral fertilizers occurs due to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from fertilizers and soil. A significant part of them is fixed by soil. Depending on the amount of fertilizer applied and the mobility of soil nutrients, different conditions for the formation of the crop and its quality are created. Reproduction of soil fertility and increase in crop yields can only be achieved on the basis of the scientifically based use of fertilizers and other chemicals in crop rotations. Currently, the rational use of fertilizers, both organic and mineral, to increase productivity, quality of crops and improve soil fertility is of particular importance. Studying the effectiveness of various fertilizer systems in crop rotations and biologization of agriculture are currently becoming particularly important. Hence, this study highlights the comprehensive information on the influence of various fertilizer on the yield and quality of barley and potatoes.

PRODUCTIVITY OF LEEKS DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND SOIL BIOPREPARATION IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Providing consumers with high-quality vegetables and preserving soil fertility requires the rational use of fertilizers. Growing vegetable plants on drip irrigation significantly increases their yield, but requires additional research to determine the most effective fertilization. Combined mineral fertilization of leeks with soil biological preparation improves plant assimilation and the composition of the rhizosphere microbiota. The aim of this study is to identify effective combinations of leek fertilization for drip irrigation. The variants of the two-factor experiment were: factor A – soil biological preparation Groundfix and factor B – mineral fertilizers DripFert – N20Р20К20, N40Р10К10, N20Р20К20 +N10Р10К40, N40Р10К10 +N10Р10К40, control variant – without fertilization. Field, laboratory, and mathematical and statistical research methods were used to record data and analyze the results. After fertilizing with mineral fertilizers alone, the share of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was 11–19%, and combined with Groundfix it increased to 37–39%. According to the dynamics of leek leaf mass formation, the advantage of combined fertilization with mineral fertilizer and Groundfix was noted. Within factor B, the largest leaf area was after fertilizing with N20Р20К20 + N10Р10К40 – 19.12 ths. m2 per hectare. Factor A (Grandfix) accounts for 32% of leeks' marketable yield, and factor B (mineral fertilizer) for 60%, but the effect of their interaction is unreliable. Depending on mineral fertilizers, the yield was lower when using N20P20K20. and N40Р10К10. The maximum level of marketable yield was with the combined fertilization of Grandfix + N20Р20К20 + N10Р10К40 – 35.3 t/ha. The application of mineral fertilizer N10P10K40 has a positive effect on the content of sugars and ascorbic acid. Thus, to optimize the nutritional regime of leeks under drip irrigation, it is advisable to apply the soil biological preparation Groundfix and the mineral fertilizers N20Р20К20+N10Р10К40 combined. Intensive fertilization is a classic measure to increase the productivity of vegetable plants under irrigation.

Macro- and Micronutrient Contents and Their Relationship with Growth in Six Eucalyptus Species

Knowing nutrient allocation dynamics in the tissues and the characteristics related to growth in different forest species is crucial to fertilization management and selecting better species for specific environments, ensuring greater fertilization efficiency and consequent sustainability in the forestry sector through the rational use of fertilizers. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the content of macro- and micronutrients in different tissues of eucalyptus species and (ii) to relate them with their growth. The treatments were composed of six eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., Corymbia citriodora Hook., E. saligna Sm., E. grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, E. urograndis, and E. urophylla S. T. Blake). Macro- (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur) and micronutrient (boron, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) contents were determined in the leaves, bark, and sapwood. To study the functional patterns in macro- and micronutrient contents, Canonical Variable Analysis (CVA) was performed. The first two canonical variables in nutrient content of leaves, bark, and sapwood and the growth variables of eucalyptus species accumulated values greater than 80% of variance. The species E. grandis and E. urograndis showed the highest means for volume and total height but showed no differences regarding the concentration of major elements in the tissues, except the iron content in the bark, which was higher compared to other species. CVA proved to be an excellent tool for understanding, identifying, and classifying the strategies of Eucalyptus sp. regarding the content of nutrients in the shoot biomass tissues and may support genetic improvement programs aiming at identifying potential species. Future research involving the use of remotely piloted aircraft and remote sensors could be a strategy to monitor nutrient contents in different parts of trees throughout the cycle of different eucalyptus species.

Evaluation of the hydrogel effect on the growth and yield of okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>) in an anthropized environment soil in Korhogo the northern part of Côte d'Ivoire

Rational use of fertilizers and irrigation water are concerns to modern agronomy considering an efficient and promising perspective to obtain better yields. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of potassium-based hydrogel on the growth and yield of okra on anthropized soils of Korhogo in Northern Côte d'Ivoire. The experimental design used consisted of three repetitions with the 8-modality hydrogel as the first factor (0 g, 0.1 g, 0.3 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 2 g, 3 g and 4 g). The second factor was the type of application with 2 modalities: (0 cm and in depth of 6 cm). Control seedlings were established in soils without hydrogel. The results showed that the germination rate, growth and fruit yield of okra were significantly different for the different amounts of hydrogels used. The best results were obtained on plots that received 0.3 g of hydrogel applied at a depth of 6 cm. It was concluded that the rational use of 0.3 g hydrogels not only contributes to germination but also stimulates growth and improves the yield of okra grown on anthropized soils in the town of Korhogo. This quantity of hydrogel is therefore recommended for agricultural use to deal with the constraints linked to water scarcity and soil depletion.

Proposition of critical levels of nutrients in citrus leaves, grown in a subtropical climate, for fresh market fruit production

Critical levels (CL) and sufficiency ranges (SR) of nutrients in citrus leaves for fruit production for fresh market consumption may help in defining the real need for fertilizer application in orchards, such as those located in tropical and subtropical soils, which have low natural fertility. The study aimed to establish and compare the nutritional patterns obtained by the Composition Nutritional Diagnosis method (CND) in citrus grown for consumption for fresh, in a subtropical climate and then generate CL and SR in leaves. A database was used with fruit production and leaf nutrient contents obtained in the 2016/17, 2017/18, 2019/20 and 2020/21 harvests in non-irrigated commercial orange and tangerine orchards. The multivariate CND calculation method was used. The CND method was effective in diagnosing the nutritional status of citrus, regarding the concentration of the nutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and B in deficient, adequate and excessive concentrations. The CL calculated were 18, 1.2, 9.0, 25, 2.8 and 3.0 g kg−1 of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, respectively, and 117, 45, 97, 66 and 19 mg kg−1 of B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, respectively. The existing recommendation in the regional recommendation guide for citrus may be overestimating the need for application of the micronutrients. The SRs established from the CND index are different from those obtained in other countries and regions. Multi-nutrient associations were more effective than single nutrient analysis in expressing that limitation of a particular element can reduce citrus productivity. The adoption of the nutritional standards for macronutrients obtained may allow the rational use of fertilizers in citrus orchards, with an improvement in the nutritional balance of the plants, which will consequently have greater yields.

ECOLOGICAL VARIETAL EVALUATION OF CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Strengthening agriculture involves various approaches to developing high-yielding new cultivars, optimization of soil composition, rational use of fertilizers, and pre-sowing treatment of seeds and seedlings. The safest and most environmentally friendly approach is to develop new genotypes, combining the most suitable characteristics in the existing growing area and environmental conditions. In this regard, the completed study aimed to breed various cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars during the years 2020–2021 under the environmental conditions of Aktobe region, Kazakhstan. Cucumber cultivars 584, 577, 427, 294, and 264 gained selection from the nursery based on a complex of economically valuable traits, laying of seed fruits, and individual selection from F2 to F8 populations, using the hybrid cultivar ‘Ular’ as the standard of comparison. Recorded phenological observations on growth stages, morphometrics, types of flowering, disease resistance, production, and biochemical traits of the fruits received analysis. Cucumber samples came from the Kazakh Research Institute of Potato and Vegetable Growing (KazNIIKO), Kazakhstan. The hybrid was a derivative of the L-1 maternal line and the Phoenix 640 paternal line. The research result on the above-recorded parameters characterized six promising domestic cultivars of cucumber, namely, 264, 294, 427, 524, 577, and standard hybrid ‘Ular.’ Based on the complex of economically valuable features, the most predominant C. sativus L. cultivar was 294.

Influence of the substrate on the accumulation of nitrates by vegetables when cultivated in open ground

A study was carried out on the effect of the substrate on the accumulation of nitrates by vegetable products. It was revealed that the intensity of accumulation depends on the method of application and the origin of the fertilizer, but to a greater extent - on the species characteristics of crops: some crops do not accumulate excess nitrates even when fertilizing (carrots, spinach), while others intensively accumulate them when grown in unenriched soil (beets, zucchini, parsley). Even with the rational use of fertilizers on a substrate with organic fertilizer, an excess of the permissible norm was found in potato tubers, beet roots, parsley and dill leaves, onion bulbs, zucchini fruits, and on a substrate with fertilizer of mineral origin - in beet roots, onion bulbs, zucchini fruits, parsley and lettuce leaves, which indicates the need to strengthen control over the content of this contaminant in vegetable products.

Evaluation of Blended Fertilizer Rates for Improved Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor, (L.) Moench.] Yield in Derashe District, Southern Ethiopia

Sorghum is one of the main grains grown in Derashe district, southern Ethiopia. However, its production is limited by many factors. Of these, less fertile soil is predominant. In the region, the rational use of fertilizers has not been studied. In addition, the type of fertilizer required and the optimal fertilizer rate for the area have not been quantified. Field trials were carried out in Derashe district to evaluate the ratio of compound fertilizers to improve sorghum yield. The treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design, with three replications, using Melkam sorghum variety. The experiment had thirteen treatments consisting of control (no fertilizer), four different types of blended fertilizers (NPS, NPSB, NPSZn and NPSZnB) each with three rates. Our analysis show that the highest grain yield was recorded from the plot that receive 225 kg∙ha-1 NPSZnB + 117 kg∙ha-1 urea in the first year, In the second year, the highest yield was recorded from the plot that received 150 kg∙ha-1 NPS + 88 kg∙ha-1 urea. In both years, the lowest grain yield wasmeasured from the plots treated with no fertilizer (control). The marginal analysis showed that application of 112 kg∙ha-1 NPSZnB + 59 kg∙ha-1 urea is economically the most profitable than the other treatments. Based on our findings, it is recommended to apply 112 kg∙ha-1 NPSZnB + 59 kg∙ha-1 urea for the profitable production of Melkam sorghum variety in the study area.

Meta-analysis of the response of elephant grass and panicum grass to nitrogen fertilization

Nitrogen fertilization is an efficient practice to improve pasture productivity and quality. However, the efficiency of Nitrogen (N) application depends on favorable climatic conditions. Thus, in the present work, a metanalytic study was used to summarize and analyze data on nitrogen fertilization in forage species: elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and panicum grass [Megathyrsus maximus (Syn. Panicum maximum)], in order to determine the critical levels and recommended doses of nutrients for the rational use of fertilizers in forage plants, whether in pastures or weeds. Therefore, in this study, a systematic review was used, which is a type of investigation, for which research works carried out in Brazil between 2010 and 2020 were considered, including only scientific articles and dissertations. Based on the data from these studies, the relative increments of dry matter and crude protein in relation to the control treatment and the efficiency of nitrogen use in the production of dry matter and crude protein were calculated. All data collected were submitted to analysis of variance for linear and quadratic effects on each of the variables and, in case of significance, regression analysis was performed. Nitrogen fertilization in Pennisetum purpureum and Megathyrsus maximus provides consistent increases in dry matter and crude protein production, however above 1000 kg of nitrogen ha-1 there is a compromise in the efficiency of dry matter production. With a view to reducing losses due to the lower efficiency in crude protein production, it is important to verify that above 500 kg of nitrogen, there is a drastic reduction in the efficiency of crude protein production by Pennisetum purpureum. For all nitrogen doses, there is a drastic reduction in crude protein production efficiency by Megathyrsus maximus in relation to the control.

The effect of differentiated application of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) of the Snegir variety

Relevance. Potatoes belong to crops that place high demands on the level of mineral nutrition. He needs nitrogen especially badly. Timely introduction of calculated doses of nitrogen fertilizers based on the results of photometric diagnostics of plants allows rational use of fertilizers and increase potato yields.Material and methods. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone on sod-podzolic medium loamy soils with a high content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium and a low humus content (1,9%). The object of research is an early-ripening potato variety Bullfinch. To recalculate the dose of nitrogen fertilizing, photometric diagnostics of crops was carried out with an optical sensor GreenSeeker RT200. Additionally, before and after fertilizing, a manual N-tester Yara was examined. Before the main harvest, a control digging of tubers was carried out to determine the structure of the crop with division into 4 fractions.Results. It was found that the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers into the top dressing during the closing phase of the tops in the form of ammonium nitrate has a generally favorable effect on the growth and development of potatoes. This is confirmed by the results of photometric diagnostics performed by the Yara N-tester during the withering phase of the tops. When applying top dressing with a fixed dose, the N-tester readings were 21,7% higher than in the control, and when applying fertilizers with a differentiated dose by 25,6%. The yield of potato tubers increased when applying a fixed dose of top dressing by 10,8%, differentiated by 14,5% compared to the control.

​Potassic Fertilizer Management for Sustainable Groundnut Productivity in India: A Review

World population is exponentially rising day by day and is anticipated to reach 9.6 billion by 2050. Agriculture in the 21st century faces multiple challenges: it has to produce more food and fiber to feed ever growing population especially in developing countries which can be satisfied only by applying improved technologies, included rational use of fertilizers for different soil and climatic conditions. Continual nutrient mining by crop removal without adequate replenishment could result in loss of soil fertility in many developing countries. Again, human activities led to the degradation of nearly 2000 million hectares of land in the last 40 years. To meet the challenge of food security for present and future populations, to conserve natural resources and to protect the environment, it is imperative that agricultural production be conducted within an overall framework of sustainable development. Agricultural nutrients management to provide a safe food supply and secure the environment remains one of the immense challenges of the present situation. Therefore, it is very important to apply fertilizers in an efficient way to minimize loss and to improve the nutrient use efficiency for sustaining productivity as well as soil fertility.

Sustainability aspects of milk production in Sweden

AbstractResource use efficiency and economic initiatives point towards using less human‐edible input in ruminant food production. This could also promote the nutrient‐rich dairy products to consumers in comparison with alternative plant‐based drinks. The global population is growing and food production will need to increase to feed more people in the future. The Swedish government has launched a national food strategy, which aims to move Swedish food production towards self‐sufficiency and sustainability, and greater exports. Simultaneously, strong economic development has stimulated consumers to request more high‐value foods, such as meat and refined dairy products. At the same time, public opinion states that today's food production from ruminants is negative for the environment and contributes to climate change. This review assesses some aspects of dietary ingredient composition and feeding choices that can contribute to making Swedish dairy production more sustainable. Efficient dietary methane mitigating strategies can decrease emissions of greenhouse gases in line with European Union targets and avoid major changes in dietary consumption patterns of meat and milk from ruminants. Although feeding management seems to be the most important approach to decrease nitrogen losses, rational use of fertilizers and improved manure management practices on dairy farms should also be considered to decrease the impact of nitrogen losses to the environment.

Influence of drop irrigation duration with mineralized waters on soil fatigation in intensive fruit plantations

The scientific and practical problems of deterioration of the soil fertility of apple tree plantations under drip irrigation with mineralized waters are discussed. A significant decrease in soil biodiversity was revealed, depending on the duration of cultivation of fruit plantations. A prerequisite for biologization is an objective assessment of the availability of soil nutrients under droppers, which will reduce the load on the environment as a result of the rational use of fertilizers. The necessity of biologization of garden farming and reduction of soil fatigue is actualized. The ways of solving the problem of soil fatigue and reducing the fertility of chernozem soils in fruit plantations of areas of forced use of drip irrigation with mineralized waters are outlined.

Current status of fertilizer application and utilization efficiency of winter wheat in Anhui Province, China

Winter wheat is an important crop in Anhui Province. Rational use of fertilizers is crucial for the achievement of successful yield. It is urgently needed to reveal the status of fertilizer application and existing problems in winter wheat planting in Anhui for better fertilization. We conducted a survey on 1591 farmers in the main winter wheat producing areas of Anhui Province. The contents of survey included fertilizer type, fertilizer dosage, fertilization method, planting area and yield level. Based on the survey results, we analyzed the current fertilization status of winter wheat growing areas in Anhui Province. Referred to the average wheat yield and fertilizer usage in Anhui, the relationship between wheat yield and fertilizers, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O), was evaluated by Cate-Nelson method (cross-over method) to explore the ways to increase yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency of winter wheat. The results showed that the average yield of winter wheat in Anhui Province was 5185 kg·hm-2, and the average application rates of N, P2O and K2O fertilizers were 206, 80 and 78 kg·hm-2, respectively. Compared with wheat following rice, the N, P2O and K2O fertilization rates of dry stubble wheat was higher by 14, 16 and 3 kg·hm-2, respectively. Overall, the average amount of chemical fertilizer in winter wheat cultivation in Anhui Province was rational, but there were still some problems in fertilization methods, nutrient management and fertilizer types. The results of Cate-Nelson method showed that 23.8%, 21.2% and 25.7% (for N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizers respectively) of winter wheat were below the average level that achieved high yield, reaching highest partial productivity of N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizers. There were 26.3%, 19.3% and 22.5% (for N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizers respectively) of winter wheat were below the average use level which did not achieve high yield. There were 26.2%, 29.6% and 25.0% (for N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizers respectively) of winter wheat realized high yield, but the fertilization rate was high and the partial productivity of N, P2O and K2O fertilizers was relatively low. Our results suggest that the yield and efficiency of winter wheat in Anhui Pro-vince should be improved. The percentage of mechanical fertilization in winter wheat was 62.7% for base fertilizer and 10.0% for topdressing fertilizer, respectively. Though nitrogen fertilizer was applied at different stages, the proportion of base fertilizer that accounted for 69.0% of the total should be decreased appropriately. It's a problem that farmers preferred to use chemical fertilizers but not organic substitution.

Carbon dioxide emission and humus status of Albic Stagnic Luvisol under different fertilization regimes

The increase in the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, which enhances the greenhouse effect and leads to climate change, is the fundamental scientific problem of nowadays. Modern approaches to fertility management technologies of acid soils based on the principles of resource conservation and environmental safety are presented. They are based on the results of the study of carbon dioxide emission intensity, humus status, and crop rotation productivity in a classic long-term agricultural experiment under the influence of long-term use of various fertilizer systems with the application of ameliorant doses calculated by pH buffering capacity and hydrolytic acidity. The organo-mineral fertilizer system with the addition of 10 t of manure per ha of crop rotation area + N65P68K68, liming with a CaCO3 dose calculated according to pH buffering capacity (2.5 t/ha) contributes most to the optimization of soil processes. At the same time, it ensures the rational use of fertilizers and ameliorants, preservation of fertility, optimizes the processes of humus formation and carbon dioxide release. A high level of productivity of Albic Stagnic Luvisols forms under these conditions – 7.38 t/ha of grain units. Application of 1.0 and 1.5 lime norms calculated according to soil hydrolytic acidity with organic-mineral and mineral fertilizer systems on Albic Stagnic Luvisols in a short four-field crop rotation is not only a high-cost measure. However, it causes significant carbon loss in the form of CO2 due to additional mineralization. It is accompanied by calcium leaching and creates environmental problems in the conditions of the periodic washing-off water regime. Therefore, liming by CaCO3 dose calculated according to acid-base buffering capacity should be carried out before each of the following rotations in order to harmonize the environmental and productive functions of Albic Stagnic Luvisols in the short crop rotation. The obtained research results will be used to improve the methodology for determining carbon dioxide emissions and predicting the effect of various fertilizer and liming systems on its balance in the soil.

Efficiency of biologization of agriculture in Western Siberia (on the example of the Omsk region)

Biological intensification of agriculture is one of the main factors in maintaining soil fertility and optimizing the mineral nutrition of plants, while ensuring an increase in crop yields and improving the quality of farmed products while saving resources and environmental safety. On the basis of studying the effectiveness of biologization techniques in agriculture of the chernozem forest-steppe of Western Siberia (on the example of the Omsk region), the optimal options for the rational use of fertilizers in combination with local biological resources, which reduce the dose of fertilizers and increase the return on additional products, are determined. The environmental focus of research associated with the study of the possibility of maximum involvement of biological resources in the region’s agriculture is undoubtedly relevant in modern conditions.

The economic efficiency of the fertilizers application under agricultural crops for different soil tillage

In the Ukrainian economic conditions there is a competition between producers of the crops products and it caused their competitiveness in national and international markets. This causes increasing of the farm efficiency. One of the ways for increasing of the farm efficiency is minimization of the soil tillage and rational use of fertilizers. So, the rational fertilizers application for different soil tillage was researched. There were ploughing and mini-till and no-till and split formation. The effect of the ammonium nitrate application and UAN solution on background of the phosphate-potassium fertilizers were researched for these types of soil tillage. These factors were researched for next crops: corn, soybean and spring wheat. For corn the rate of mineral fertilizers was N 140 P 100 K 100 , for soybean it was N 60 P 60 K 60 , for spring wheat it was N 100 P 80 K 80 . Results indicate that the optimal soil tillage for all crops was split formation. And better nitrogen fertilizers were urea-ammonium nitrate solution for two crops (soybean, spring wheat) because in these variants was maximal profitability in these crop production system. It was 95.0 % for soybean and 58.1 % for spring wheat. For corn the best fertilizers were ammonium nitrate where was maximal profitability (54.7 %).

Doses and Application Seasons of Potassium in the Soybean-Corn Succession in Soil With Improved Fertility in the Southwest of Goiás

Soils with improved fertility indicate opportunities for more rational use of fertilizers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the management of potassium fertilization in the succession of soybean-corn in soil with improved fertility, in the southwestern region of the state, Goiás. The experiment was set in 5×3 factorial scheme, arranged in randomized blocks with four repetitions. The treatments consisted of the combination of potassium doses (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O) and seasons of application (100% of the dose in pre-planting, 100% of the dose in coverage and in installments with 50% of the dose in pre-planting + 50% in coverage). The best performance of soybean, considering grain yield, was obtained with the parceled application of 80 kg ha-1 of K2O, with production of 3.6 Mg ha-1. The highest corn production was obtained with the anticipated application of 160 kg ha-1 of K2O in soybean. In the management of potassium fertilization in improved fertility soil in the soybean-corn succession, the parceled application of 120 kg ha-1 of K2O kept the available K reserve in the soil constant when compared to its initial content.

Increase in efficiency of the land relations as one of factors of development of agro-industrial complex

In article formation and development of the land relations during the period from 2000 to 2016 on the example of the Voronezh region is considered. Need of a land reform which purpose in agriculture was a transformation of the land relations providing efficiency of use of land resources is shown. In article it is shown that objectives are partially solved. By 2016 joint stock companies, the joint-stock company, closed joint stock company, Ltd company, KFH, etc. were created, modern legal forms therefore the conclusion is drawn that limited liability companies at the moment prevail Are analysed, they make 73,8%. Results of their work in recent years are shown. The number of the unprofitable enterprises in 2016 in comparison with 2005 has decreased in percentage terms by 5,5 times and is only 6%, and profitable – 94%. The profit size for this period has increased more than by 10 times. Their characteristics and shortcomings are considered. It is noted that increase in efficiency of the land relations was promoted in no small measure by the following conditions: use of new technologies, introduction new highly productive, grades, rational use of fertilizers, acquisition of the new equipment, observance of crop rotations, improvement of personnel policy, etc. During land reforms due attention hasn't been paid to legal support of the mechanism of optimization of use of the earth that seriously slows down development of new land legal relations. Besides, the material and technical resources are still insufficiently created, selection and breeding work isn't completely restored, there are shortcomings and of formation of the financial and credit relations. For more effective use of land resources a number of actions for improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism are offered.

English

The deployment of soybean under no-tillage in degraded pasture has been a trivial practice, and the efficient and rational use of fertilizers is a decisive to its economic viability factor. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of six cultivars subjected to doses of basic fertilization with NPK and straw grown on Brachiaria decumbens . The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Unit Aquidauna. The experimental design was a randomized block design in split plot design with four replications. The plots consisted of six soybean cultivars (NA 5909 RR, M SOY 7908 RR, BMX Magna RR, BRS 245 RR, SYN 3358 RR, BMX Potencia RR) and the subplots of five doses of NPK (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kg ha -1 ). Were evaluated plant height, first pod height, number of ramifications per plant, mass of 1000 grains and grain yield. Increased doses of fertilizer caused a linear increase in all variables in all cultivars, being recommended for degraded pastures base fertilization with 400 kg ha -1 of NPK. The varieties BMX Power RR 3358 and RR SYN showed higher mass of 1000 grains and consequently higher grain yield.