Norms Of Rationality Research Articles

Methods of labor rationing in the low-capacity milk processing shop in agricultural organizations

The article deals with the methodology of labor rationing at stationary jobs and the establishment of rational norms of machine productivity, production standards in the low-capacity milk processing shop in agricultural organizations. A comparative analysis of the cost of working time based on the data of a complex photo of the working day and the projected balance of the working time of the shift is presented. The proposed method of setting the machine performance rate on stationary cyclic equipment in a low-power milk processing shop will allow you to design a rational balance of shift working time for any production parameters and for any set working shift duration. The establishment of rational labor standards will eliminate downtime for various reasons, ensure the most efficient use of production equipment, reduce defects in work and will contribute to improving productivity and labor efficiency.

ПРОДОВОЛЬЧА БЕЗПЕКА ПОЛТАВСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ: СТАН, ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ, ЕКСТРАПОЛЯЦІЯ

One of the main problems of today is to ensure food security of the country and its regions. The level of food security has fluctuations and changes over time, so this situation emphasizes the increasing relevance and stability. Investigating its level in the region, it is advisable to study the features of its dependence on internal factors: the current state of food supply in the region in sufficient quantity, quality and range, the real ability of the population to consume a rational norm of food of proper quality. An important component of the characteristics of food security in the region, in accordance with regulations, are scientifically sound safety indicators. The formation of food security of the country and regions is a holistic complex, which is associated with the macroeconomic development of the state. Food security strategy - functional, involves the development of economic characteristics of the control system and their main criteria, which allow for rapid assessment of regional food security and effective decisions on changes in the parameters of the developed strategy. Based on the dynamics of characteristics, extrapolation (forecast levels) are developed for trends and patterns of development and the parameters of the strategy that affect the change of development trends and fluctuations are adjusted. To comprehensively assess the state of food security in Poltava region, the main indicators were studied: providing the diet with the main types of products, economic affordability of food, the capacity of the domestic market of certain foods and food independence of certain foods. The implementation of these measures should be the basis for the formation of a differentiated system of sustainable food supply of the regions. The criterion of completeness of food supply of the region is the degree of its self-sufficiency, and the criterion of sustainability of food supply is the stability of demand and demand for the main types of products due to local production, import and use of reserve funds. The main conditions for the proper functioning of the food market and providing the population with high quality food are targeted and rational use of available and potential natural, industrial, demographic, social, scientific, technical and investment resources that contribute to the full functioning and development of food security through local production. in accordance with scientifically sound standards.

On the issue of optimizing the activity of administrative courts in the light of judicial and legal reform in Ukraine

The article is dedicated to the problems of optimization of administrative court system of Ukraine in connection with the ongoing reform of the courts. The available arguments for and against reforming the acting model of administrative justice of Ukraine are discussed. It has been clarified that the system of administrative courts in force has been specially approved for the adoption of Ukrainian society. The results of the statistical analysis show how it can successfully cope with deliveries to its arrogance. Indicate that you must reinsert the court system and recapture the administrative courts with the common courts. At the same time, with healthy administrative conviction, there are a few significant problems, among them we can call access to administrative justice and delimitation of administrative courts jurisdiction from commercial and common courts jurisdictions. A closer look at the problems that need to be solved will require a farther and more thorough amendments to optimize the administrative courts activity. It has been concluded that the model of administrative justice in Ukraine since 2005 in the form of a separate subsystem of administrative courts of both the first and second links fully meets European standards and ensures the implementation of the rule of law, protection of rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities, judicial control over legality and decisions of public authorities and their officials. There are no good grounds for its change (merger with courts of civil and criminal jurisdiction). Such reform will do more harm than good, negatively affect the quality of justice, the professional level of the judiciary. Prospects for further reform of administrative proceedings in Ukraine are in the area of introduction of modern mediation procedures, electronic proceedings, improvement of control over the legality of court decisions by higher courts (especially the Supreme Court of Ukraine), optimization of the burden on judges by establishing rational norms of their activity, depending on the number of cases received by the courts, the development and implementation of more effective mechanisms for the selection, training, retraining and accountability of judges.

Оценка состояния продовольственной безопасности Республики Молдова

Research on security often focuses on the volume of production and import of food, that is, indicators of the physical accessibility of food. So, the study of the problem of economic access of the population to is often relegated to the background. Meanwhile, the UN FAO definition states that food security exists when all people at any time have physical and economic access to an adequate amount of safe and nutritious that can satisfy their nutritional needs and preferences for an active and healthy lifestyle. The purpose of the article is to assess the state of security of the Republic of Moldova. The subject of the study is the analysis of the main indicators of security, characterizing the physical and economic access to food, consumption, as well as the balance of nutrition in basic nutrients. In this case, the methodology for analyzing indicators developed by the FAO UN was applied. The sources of information used in the analysis of these indicators were identified. The main sources of information are balance sheet data on the most important types of and the results of sample Household Budget Surveys over a number of years. The following indicators were analyzed: the dynamics of basic production (per capita), the level of self-sufficiency for these types, the dynamics of basic imports, the level of import dependence for these types, consumption expenditure per capita and their structure, dynamics of consumer prices for products, purchasing power of households income per capita, average consumption of household members per capita by their place of residence and income quintile groups, energy and nutritional value of daily rations. It was concluded that it is necessary to develop in the Republic of Moldova a new legislative/normative document on security. It was proposed to develop a system of target indicators of security, justify the rational norms of consumption average per capita, determine the threshold values used in assessing the state of security and monitor the state of security of the Republic of Moldova.

Anthropological Dimension of Constructivism in the Culture of Presence

To the authors’ mind human activity is more frequently based on Constructivism in spheres as science, epistemology, education, upbringing, number of living practices, etc. The authors emphasize if such approach relies on Enlightenment rationality there are many risks and negative consequences of it using what was obviously already in 20th century. The reason is in specific comprehension of subject that influences on imperfect anthropological dimension of the rationality. Analysing of its modification has necessarily led the authors to take into account the Culture of Presence idea in the process of anthropological dimension realisation. The Culture of Presence “clears” the place for a new “intellectual surrounding” where there is a need to leave the awful Constructivism position formed through metaphysical comprehension of subject. In the article there were proposed the categories of those culture, there emphasizes their relevance in new life conditions and there was analysed the Presence phenomenon in the contemporary scientists researches. The authors underline the Culture of Presence basis and implementations of this culture contribute to disappearance of self-contained subject. In the event situation the subject could be replaced by subjectivity capable to respond, to empathize, to be responsible for others, etc. The contemporary humanities need to renew anthropological dimension inasmuch as comprehension of it cannot be guided at traditional norms of Enlightenment rationality and metaphysics discourse.

Value-Based Rationality And Normative Rationality Of Management In Russia

In this work, they attempted to deconstruct the syncretic concept that was set in Russian social science — normative-value consciousness. Basic concepts - norms and values, are included in another context of analysis - the idea of social activity rationality, including management. The necessity of distinguishing between value and normative rationalities is substantiated to understand the mechanisms of building different types of communications in management. They showed that value rationality is formed as the way of consciousness individualization, simultaneously as the way of building the universal in culture, however, its absolutization creates the condition for building an authoritarian, vertical hierarchy both in the internal spiritual life, and in the external social, ideological, and administrative. Ideological regulators ultimately form double moral standards that minimize the effects of social modernization. Normative rationality mediates the contractual relationships that underlie democratic, horizontal communications in governance. The following concepts are relevant: instrumental rationality, purposeful activity, institutional reality. However, the substitution of one for the other in both cases leads to the irrationalization of management processes.

Scenarios, Probability, and Evidence Scholarship, Old and New.

Scenarios, Probability, and Evidence Scholarship, Old and New.

Afrocentric Attitudinal Reciprocity and Social Expectations of Employees: The Role of Employee-Centred CSR in Africa

In view of the limited consideration for Afrocentric perspectives in organisational ethics literature, we examine Employee-Centred Corporate Social Responsibility (EC-CSR) from the perspective of Afrocentric employees’ social expectations. We posit that Afrocentric employees’ social expectations and the organisational practices for addressing these expectations differ from conventional conceptualisation. By focusing specifically upon the psychological attributes evolving from the fulfilment of employees’ social expectations, we argue that Afrocentric socio-cultural factors could influence perceived organisational support and perceived employee cynicism. We further draw upon social exchange theory to explore rational reciprocity (i.e. attitude and behaviour) evolving from the fulfilment and breach of employees’ social expectations at work. Contrary to the rational norm of reciprocity, we identify a reciprocity norm within which the breach of employees’ social expectations could in fact engender positive reciprocity rooted in esan reciprocity ideology—an ideology that emerged from the ethical tradition of the Yoruba people from Nigeria, West Africa. Overall, our paper elucidates the implications of Afrocentric peculiarities for employees’ social exchange within the African workplace, thus extending the present understanding in this regard.

Précis of planning, time, and self-governance

ABSTRACT Précis of Michael E. Bratman, Planning, Time, and Self-Governance: Essays in Practical Rationality. The planning theory highlights our capacity to settle on future courses of action in ways that Philosophy Department, shape on-going thought and action. Given our resource limits, our prior plans exhibit a characteristic partiality. Given this partiality, pressures for means-end coherence lead to problems of means. In solving these problems, one is constrained by pressures of consistency and intention stability, pressures that induce a filter of admissibility on solutions. Such plan-infused functioning involves guidance of practical thinking by norms of intention rationality, including norms of consistency, agglomerativity, means-end coherence, and stability over time. These essays focus on questions about the nature of and support for these norms. The essays aim to incorporate but go beyond a two-tier pragmatic rationale for these norms. They seek a view between a skeptical ‘myth theory’ and a cognitivist view that sees these norms as a matter of theoretical rationality. The essays argue that these norms track conditions of a planning agent’s self-governance, both at a time and over time; and the essays explain the reflective significance of this tracking in part by appeal to our entrenched, though contingent, end of our diachronic self-governance.

Rationality problem for norm one tori in small dimensions

We classify stably/retract rational norm one tori in dimension $n-1$ for $n=2^e$ $(e\geq 1)$ is a power of $2$ and $n=12, 14, 15$. Retract non-rationality of norm one tori for primitive $G\leq S_{2p}$ where $p$ is a prime number and for the five Mathieu groups $M_n\leq S_n$ $(n=11,12,22,23,24)$ is also given.

Planning, time, and self-governance: replies to Andreou, Tenenbaum, and Velleman

ABSTRACT These are replies to critical discussions by Chrisoula Andreou, Sergio Tenenbaum, and J. David Velleman of my Planning, Time, and Self-Governance: Essays in Practical Rationality (2018). I explain important differences between my appeal to a grounding role of the end of diachronic self-governance and Velleman’s view that ‘intelligibility is [the] constitutive aim of action.’ And I discuss both Velleman’s Quine-inspired conception of norms of plan rationality and his comments on methodology in the philosophy of action. In response to Tenenbaum, I explain how appeal to a planning agent’s self-governance over time supports basic planning norms. And I explain why my appeal to the significance of the end of one’s diachronic self-governance need not lead to unacceptable bootstrapping. In response to Andreou, I explain why, on my view of rational willpower, the agent’s general assessment in favor of a general pattern of action (e.g. regularly having only a single beer at dinner), while common and important, need not play a fundamental role in a planning agent’s sticking with their prior resolution in the face of temptation.

The problems of food security in Ukraine, improving public health and increasing life expectancy

Nutrition have an important role in the formation and maintenance of health, increasing the life expectancy of a person. The purpose of the work is to consider the state of production and food supply for the population of Ukraine in accordance with rational norms of their consumption. There was a significant decrease in the consumption of the country's population, compared with rational norms, of the most important food products — milk, dairy products, meat and meat products, fruits and berry cropsin during the period of economic reform, which is associated with a decrease in their production volumes. In 2018 the production of animal and poultry meat (in slaughter weight) decreased by 46.0%, milk — by 58.9%, fruits and berry crops by 11.4% compared with 1990. The purchasing power of the population also is low. Therefore, to solve the country's food security problem, it is necessary to develop a targeted program for the development of the country's agro-industrial complex for a long period (10-15 years), pay special attention to the revival of the village, increase the volume of agricultural production and its processing, and ensure economic accessibility to the population in acquiring food.

A Case for Heterogeneous Procedures on Model Checking

Heterogeneous procedures and A* look have earned titanic excitement from the two specialist and researchers over the latest a significant extended period of time. Given the present status of low-essentialness symmetries, researchers plainly need the examination of Internet QoS, which encapsulates the rational norms of cyberinformatics. In our investigation, we demonstrate that not withstanding the way that RAID and gigabit switches are always conflicting, flip-tumble portals and neighborhood can partner to handle this awesome test

Benjamin Kiesewetter: The Normativity of Rationality

Rezension von Benjamin Kiesewetter: The Normativity of Rationality. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2017.

Situation and trends in food consumption by the population in the region with extreme natural conditions

The paper is devoted to the study of the food provision for the population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory - a region with a continental climate. It gives the estimation of per capita food consumption in the dynamics from 1990 to 2017 compared with rational norms and the minimum food basket of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Almost all types of foodstuffs increase their actual consumption in recent years as compared with 2000. The energy value of the food ration mainly exceeds the energy content of the ration according to the norms due to the consumption of increased volume of potatoes. The current structure of consumption does not correspond to a rational one: consumption of milk and dairy products, fruits and berries, vegetables and melons and gourds is lower than the recommended norms. In the structure of the diet, the lack of protein is replenished by less valuable protein that comes with potatoes, bakery, cereals and pasta. Such a structure causes an increase in mortality from diseases of the digestive organs and the endocrine system of the regional population. The part of the population (18.5%) of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, which has incomes below the subsistence minimum, has low economic accessibility to food. Taking into account the differentiation of the territory of the region according to the degree of continentality of the climate, the need for foodstuffs for the future is determined for each zone of discomfort. Norms of rational nutrition are developed for the population of the regions of Russia on the basis of their natural and climatic condition characteristics.

A modesty proposal

Accuracy-first epistemology aims to show that the norms of epistemic rationality can be derived from the effective pursuit of accuracy. This paper explores the prospects within accuracy-first epistemology for vindicating “modesty”: the thesis that ideal rationality permits uncertainty about one’s own rationality. I argue that accuracy-first epistemology faces serious challenges in accommodating three forms of modesty: uncertainty about what priors are rational, uncertainty about whether one’s update policy is rational, and uncertainty about what one’s evidence is. I argue that the problem stems from the representation of epistemic decision problems. The appropriate representation of decision problems, and corresponding decision rules, for (diachronic) update policies should be a generalization of decision problems and decision rules for (synchronic) coherence. I argue that extant accounts build in conflicting assumptions about which kinds of information about the believer should be used to structure epistemic decision problems. In particular, extant accounts of update build in a form of epistemic consequentialism. Related forms of epistemic consequentialism have been shown to generate problems for accuracy-first epistemology’s purported justifications of probabilism, conditionalization, and the principal principle. These results are vindicated only with nonconsequentialist epistemic decision theories. I close with suggestive examples of how, with a fully nonconsequentialist representation of epistemic decision problems, accuracy-first epistemology can allow for rational modesty.

Problems of development of vegetable-growing of protected ground in European North of Russia

The problem of year-round provision of the population of Russia with vegetables and green crops in accordance with rational consumption norms cannot be solved in the absence of the effective functioning of the vegetable growing sector of the protected ground. Modern economic and political economic conditions enable Russian greenhouse enterprises to occupy new niches in the domestic market and expand the geography of production and supplies. Nevertheless, despite the measures taken to increase the sustainability of agriculture, the protected vegetable-growing sector in the regions of the European North of Russia is in the development stage. The aim of the work was to determine the needs of the population of the European North of Russia for fresh vegetables and to identify obstacles to the sustainable development of the sector. In order to provide the population with vegetable products at present, greenhouses need not only to increase production volumes, but also to reduce the seasonality of vegetables. However, obstacles to the dynamic development of the sector identified factors such as unsatisfactory for regions with unfavorable climatic conditions, the material and technical base of greenhouses, disparity in prices for vegetable products and purchased resources, personnel problems of the sector, as well as the lack of an institutional basis for transformation. sector support by the state.

NON-EPISTEMIC GENERATIVE AESTHETIC

This article is devoted to main ideas of non-epistemic generative aesthetics.This modern approach to aesthetics is unknown to Ukrainian philosophers, and nonetheless, it contains many interesting and original ideas. The thinkers, working within this trend, speculate about the basic categories of aesthetics in postmodernist-style manner. In their description of aesthetical experience, they avoid clarity, certainty and go far beyond rationality. It allows them to elaborate an original lexicon, attractive to readers who are accustomed to the paradigm of discourse. The article also describe ideas of the non-epistemic generative aesthetics in connection with positivism and psychoanalysis. Also, at the article there is considered the manifestation of these ideas in social thought, especially at the time of the spread of virtual reality. Overcoming the limits of epistemic practice can reveal new aspects of aesthetic experience. Archetypal projections of binary meanings open up new perspectives in the aesthetic field, which leads to the leveling of the established semantic values. In the era of virtualization and globalization, the spread of simulacrum sets new challenges to aesthetic thinking. Denial of the rationality of logocentrism and appealing to the intuitive level of reflection allows us to discover new possibilities in the domain of aesthetic thought. This may prove to be appealing to some aesthetic researchers whose texts go beyond the rigid norms of scientific rationality.

Lord, Errol. The Importance of Being Rational. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. 288. $60.00 (cloth).

Lord, Errol. <i>The Importance of Being Rational</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. 288. $60.00 (cloth).

Sosyal Psikolojinin Altın Çağını Yeniden Düşünmek

<div><!--block-->It is tragic yet curious to realize that a historical period of great human misery can motivate great scientific endeavour. This paper argues that the “golden age” of social psychology was driven by the traumas of fascism. We first trace the roots of the World War II to modernism. We then compare the social psychological studies conducted before and after the World War II in relation to this historical background and the rationality-irrationality debate. Overall, we present a series of examples which purport to show that the “golden age” of social psychology emerged as a response to humans’ violation of different rationality norms. We conclude with a set of proposals for the amelioration of irrationality derived again from social psychological studies.</div>