The present study was carried out to investigate the toxic effects of waterborne cadmium chloride (CdCl2.H2O) on Oreochromis niloticus and the possible protective role of quick lime (CaO) against Cd toxicity. Fish weighing 44.55±2.96 g were exposed to 1 and 2 mg CdCl2 L-1 individually and in mixture with quick lime 60 mg CaO L-1 for 30 days followed by 15 days recovery. Although, the results revealed a slight decrease in final weight (W) and total length (TL) of Oreochromis niloticus exposed to sublethal concentrations of cadmium (1 and 2 mg CdCl2 L-1) individually and in mixture with quick lime (60 mg CaO L-1) for 30 days in comparison with the control groups, a non-significant differences were recorded in fish condition factor (K) of the different studied treatments. However, there was a significant (p gills>muscles. Moreover, quick lime play a role as a protective agent in eliminating residual Cd from the studied vital organs and improve fish growth indices to levels more or less similar to control groups.