Detailed ESR studies in diamond single crystals implanted with high-energy ions of copper, neon and nickel have been performed. A new idea of the origin of the dominating ESR absorption in implanted diamond single crystals as conditioned by the resonance absorption by mobile quasiparticles is confirmed and developed. Mobile quasiparticles are assigned tentatively to topological solitons like to those described by Su, Schrieffer, Heeger in trans-polyacetylene. The spin waves have been observed for the first time at room temperature in diamond single crystals implanted by high-energy ions. The observed spin waves represent a new kind of elementary excitations as being produced by the spin system of mobile quasiparticles (solitons). The Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition (side by side with that of Peierls) must be taken into consideration in the explanation of the physical properties of quasi-1D carbon structures produced in diamond single crystals as a result of high-energy implantation. The substutional anisotropy of the ESR spectra in relation to the magnetic component H 1 of the microwave field accompanied by the appearance of additional lines has been found for the first time in implanted diamond single crystals. The given anisotropy seems to be determined by the anisotropy of the excitation of quasiparticles including spin wave quanta in track-like quasi-one-dimensional structures of the samples studied.