Quantitative Evaluation Method Research Articles

Generative Adversarial Networks with Radiomics Supervision for Lung Lesion Generation.

Data-driven methods for lesion generation are quickly emerging due to the need for realistic imaging targets for image quality assessment and virtual clinical trials. We proposed a generative adversarial network (GAN) architecture for conditional generation of lung lesions based on user-specified classes of lesion size and solidity. The network consists of two discriminators, one for volumetric lesion data, and one for radiomics features derived from the lesion volume. A Wasserstein loss with gradient penalty was adopted for each discriminator. Training data were drawn from contoured and annotated lesions from a public lung CT database. Four quantitative evaluation methods were devised to assess the network performance: 1) overfitting (similarity between generated and real lesions), 2) diversity (similarity among generated lesions), 3) conditional consistency (capability of generating lesions according to user-specified classes), and 4) similarity in distributions of various lesion properties between the generated and real lesions. Ablation studies were also performed to investigate the importance of individual network component. The proposed network was found to generate lesions that resemble real lesions by visual inspection. Solid lesions are distinct from non-solid ones, and lesion sizes largely correspond to their specified classes. With a classifier trained on real lesions, the classification accuracies of generated and real lesions in both solid and non-solid classes are similar. Radiomics features of generated and real lesions were found to have similar distributions, indicated by the relatively low Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence values. Furthermore, the correlations between pairwise radiomics features in generated lesions were comparable to those of real lesions. The proposed network presents a promising approach for generating realistic lesions with clinically relevant features crucial for the comprehensive assessment of medical imaging systems.

A Simple Method for Visualization and Quantitative Evaluation of Single and Collective Cell Migration in Bright Field Microscopy Images

A Simple Method for Visualization and Quantitative Evaluation of Single and Collective Cell Migration in Bright Field Microscopy Images

Virtual track irregularity establishment for load prediction of heterogeneous bogie frames for virtually coupled trainsets

In this paper, we establish the virtual track irregularity (VTI) considering suspension system dynamics for load prediction of heterogeneous bogie frames for virtual coupled train sets (VCTS). At first, the dynamic characteristics of axlebox spring set and primary suspension vertical damper of A/B-type high-speed trains are analyzed and compared for establishment of frequency-varying parameter simplified vehicle dynamic models (FVP-SVDMs). Then, a frequency-segmented time-domain inversion (FSTIM) of VTI suitable for FVP-SVDMs is conducted, and a quantitative evaluation method for VTI consistency is established. Finally, the consistency of VTIs based on measured loads of A/B-type high-speed train bogie frames is quantitatively assessed, and the agreement between the measured and predicted load spectra based on VTI is evaluated. Based on the FVP-SVDM and the corresponding VTI, the equivalent load amplitude error between the predicted and measured bouncing load is 7%. The VTI technology provides the possibility for VCTS to eliminate the need for conducting the main test before applying the new vehicles on the line. In addition, for the fleet is running on the same track through the VCTS communication, the VTI will provide the theoretical support for implementing active control across the entire fleet.

Trabecular bone microstructure parameters as predictors for chronological age: a systematic review.

Estimating chronological age is crucial in forensic identification. The increased application of medical imaging in age analysis has facilitated the development of new quantitative methods for the macroscopic evaluation of bones. This study aimed to determine the association of age-related changes in the trabecular microstructure with chronological age for age estimation in forensic science through different non-invasive imaging techniques. This systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. An electronic search was performed with PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases as well as with a Google Scholar search. Qualitative synthesis was performed using the Anatomical Quality Assessment tool. A detailed literature search yielded 3467 articles. A total of 14 articles were ultimately included in the study. A narrative approach was employed to synthesize the data. Microcomputed tomography, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and cone beam computed tomography have been used for the quantitative estimation of age. These imaging techniques aid in identifying the trabecular bone microarchitectural parameters for chronological age estimation. Age-related changes in trabecular bone included a decrease in the bone volume fraction, trabecular number, and connectivity density and an increase in trabecular separation. This study also revealed that morphometric indices vary with age and anatomical site. This study is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the registration number CDRD42023391873.

Attention-Based Deep Spiking Neural Networks for Temporal Credit Assignment Problems.

The temporal credit assignment (TCA) problem, which aims to detect predictive features hidden in distracting background streams, remains a core challenge in biological and machine learning. Aggregate-label (AL) learning is proposed by researchers to resolve this problem by matching spikes with delayed feedback. However, the existing AL learning algorithms only consider the information of a single timestep, which is inconsistent with the real situation. Meanwhile, there is no quantitative evaluation method for TCA problems. To address these limitations, we propose a novel attention-based TCA (ATCA) algorithm and a minimum editing distance (MED)-based quantitative evaluation method. Specifically, we define a loss function based on the attention mechanism to deal with the information contained within the spike clusters and use MED to evaluate the similarity between the spike train and the target clue flow. Experimental results on musical instrument recognition (MedleyDB), speech recognition (TIDIGITS), and gesture recognition (DVS128-Gesture) show that the ATCA algorithm can reach the state-of-the-art (SOTA) level compared with other AL learning algorithms.

Suitability evaluation of an equivalent porous medium method for characterizing 2-D flow based on the fracture fractal dimension

ABSTRACT An equivalent porous medium (EPM) method is widely utilized in various practical applications of hydrogeological engineering with areas of a fractured geological medium (FGM). However, the suitability of the EPM model still lacks sufficient scientific evaluation when considering the distribution of water head and flow velocity. In this study, the suitability of the EPM model to the fractal dimension of a discrete fracture network (DFN) is analyzed based on numerical simulation experiments. The simulation results of the EPM model are compared with those of the DFN model. Then, a formula is proposed to evaluate the suitability of the EPM model for characterizing two-dimensional flow distribution. The results show that with the increase of the fractal dimension, the suitability of the EPM model decreases first and then increases, and the inflection point gradually appears in advance with the increase of the length–width ratio of the simulation domain. The length–width ratio of the simulation domain has a linear relationship with the suitability of the EPM model, and the slope increases with the increase of the fractal dimension. Finally, a quantitative evaluation method is proposed to calculate the suitability of the EPM model based on the fractal dimension and the length–width ratio of the simulation domain.

Energy-saving potential benchmarking method of office buildings based on probabilistic forecast

Building energy consumption represents a substantial portion of China's total energy usage profile. Conducting a quantitative assessment of the energy-saving potential in buildings is crucial, as it aids in estimating the investment risk and payback period for energy-efficient projects. This evaluation also informs the development and formulation of policies promoting building retrofits and energy conservation. However, this field's present state of research exhibits a significant gap. This study takes 8 typical office buildings as case objects and conducts relevant research on quantitative evaluation of energy-saving potential. On the basis of quantile regression, three corresponding probabilistic forecasting models for building energy consumption are established by combining the classic time series prediction algorithm Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in data-driven methods, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) in known building energy benchmarking, and a relatively simple linear model. The evaluation results demonstrate that the LSTM-QR model can serve effectively as a probabilistic forecasting model for estimating building energy-saving potential. Based on the LSTM-QR model results, a quantitative evaluation method for building energy-saving potential benchmarking is proposed, utilizing linearized Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) curves. This method can quantitatively assess the energy-saving potential of the studied buildings. By analyzing and comparing these buildings' hourly energy consumption data over the past three years, it is evident that the quantitative scoring results from this method can provide directional guidance for building renovation projects to enhance energy efficiency.

Transformative Noise Reduction: Leveraging a Transformer-Based Deep Network for Medical Image Denoising

Medical image denoising has numerous real-world applications. Despite their widespread use, existing medical image denoising methods fail to address complex noise patterns and typically generate artifacts in numerous cases. This paper proposes a novel medical image denoising method that learns denoising using an end-to-end learning strategy. Furthermore, the proposed model introduces a novel deep–wider residual block to capture long-distance pixel dependencies for medical image denoising. Additionally, this study proposes leveraging multi-head attention-guided image reconstruction to effectively denoise medical images. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed method outperforms existing qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods for numerous medical image modalities. The proposed method can outperform state-of-the-art models for various medical image modalities. It illustrates a significant performance gain over its counterparts, with a cumulative PSNR score of 8.79 dB. The proposed method can also denoise noisy real-world medical images and improve clinical application performance such as abnormality detection.

Quantitative evaluation method for post-earthquake functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways within a complex building using evacuation and rescue simulation

The complex building is a single building, characterized by its large size and complicated structural systems, such as high-rise-buildings, long-span-podium, and large underground space, as well as diverse functions. The pedestrian flow pathways within a complex building play a crucial role in urgent evacuation and rescue following seismic events. This study proposed a quantitative method for evaluating the functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways within the complex building following seismic events. The method performed the component fragility analysis and constructed the speed reduction models that considered the variations of occupants' motions under different damage states of various nonstructural components. To evaluate the functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways, the evacuation and rescue scenarios were established by analyzing the maximum speeds and behavioral delays of occupants at different spatial locations within the post-earthquake complex building. Based on the simulation, a quantitative index was constructed. Finally, a process accounting for uncertainties such as component damage was presented by generating the engineering demand parameters. A case study was employed to demonstrate the functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways on each floor and in different areas within the post-earthquake complex building, which has reference significance for improving the post-earthquake complex building 's evacuation capacity as soon as possible to deal with secondary risk.

Infill Well Location Optimization Method Based on Recoverable Potential Evaluation of Remaining Oil

Infill well location optimization poses significant challenges due to its complexity and time-consuming nature. Currently, determining the scope of infill wells relies heavily on field engineers’ experience, often using single indices such as the remaining oil saturation or abundance of remaining oil reserves to evaluate the potential of remaining oil. However, this approach lacks effectiveness in guiding the precise tapping of remaining oil in ultra-high water cut reservoirs. To address this, our study comprehensively considers the factors influencing the recoverable potential of remaining oil in such reservoirs. We characterize the differences in reservoir heterogeneity, scale of recoverable remaining oil reserves, water flooding conditions, and oil–water flow capacity to construct a quantitative evaluation index system for the recoverable potential of remaining oil. Recognizing the varying degrees of influence of different indices on the recoverable potential of remaining oil, we determine the objective weight of each evaluation index by combining an accelerated genetic algorithm with the projection pursuit model. This approach enables the construction of a recoverable potential index for remaining oil and forms a quantitative evaluation method for the recoverable potential of remaining oil in ultra-high water cut reservoirs. Subsequently, we establish a mathematical model for infill well location optimization, integrating and optimizing the infill well location coordinates, well length, well inclination angle, and azimuth angle. Using the main layer sand body of an oilfield in Bohai as a case study, we conducted evaluations of the remaining oil potential and infill well location optimization. Our results demonstrate that the assessment of the remaining oil potential comprehensively characterizes the influence of the reservoir’s physical properties and oil–water diversion capacity on the remaining oil potential across different regional positions. This evaluation can effectively guide the determination of infill well location ranges based on the evaluation results. Furthermore, infill well location optimization can effectively enhance reservoir development outcomes.

Developing success criteria model, quantitative evaluation method, and process framework for building projects

Developing success criteria model, quantitative evaluation method, and process framework for building projects

A Multi-Dimensional Data-Driven Study on the Emotional Attachment Characteristics of the Renovation of Beijing Traditional Quadrangles

In recent years, the development of China’s megacities has entered the stage of stock renewal. Research and practice concerning old city renewal in cities with a long history, represented by Beijing, has also become a hot spot for researchers and designers in the fields of urban planning, architecture and landscape architecture. As one of the main spatial components of the old city, Beijing’s traditional quadrangles are closely related to the spatial perception and emotional experience of citizens and tourists due to their near-human scale characteristics. However, current research focuses more on the evaluation of the historical value of the quadrangles in the early stage of renovation and the specific design and construction methods in the process of renovation, and few studies pay attention to the characteristics of the built environment that promote the emotional experience of users after renovation is completed. Under these circumstances, the study focuses on the emotional attachment between people and the spatial composition and built environment characteristics of the renovated traditional Beijing quadrangles; the avant garde small-scale quadrangle renovation type, which has a wider coverage, more types of user, and pays more attention to people’s emotional experience in the renovated space, was selected as the research object. Four typical quadrangle cases were selected for in-depth discussion. Based on the theory of emotional attachment from a multidisciplinary perspective, this study constructed a series of scales that can measure the degree and dimension of emotional attachment between people and the built environment, coupled with local observation and interviews, to obtain multi-dimensional data reflecting attachment, and used SPSS to conduct correlation analysis and exploratory factor analysis to quantitatively explore the effects of different built environment characteristics on attachment. The results show that: (1) As for the material characteristics, the organic integration of traditional and modern materials, structures and colors can effectively enhance people’s positive emotional experience and promote the establishment of emotional attachment. The combination of these characteristics and the process of people’s three-dimensional spatial experience can further enhance the degree of attachment. In addition, the consistency of materials and technologies, the organic integration of the old and the new, and the carrying capacity of the renovation method for traditional history and culture are the basis for promoting this kind of emotional attachment, which needs to be further explored and considered. (2) As for the non-material characteristics, the diverse, variable, recognizable, unique, and digital spatial function settings that respond to changes in people’s need and current developments can significantly promote the establishment of emotional attachment between people and the environment. This further emphasizes the importance of positioning the space in the early stage of the renovation and the operation of the space in the later stage. (3) The results further support the validity and rationality of the series of scales constructed in this study in quantitatively measuring the attachment characteristics between people and the built environment. As a result, the study provides a reference for emotion-oriented design means, research logic and quantitative evaluation methods in the practice and research of urban renovation and renewal in the future.

Research on the Assessment System of Computational Mechanics Courses Based on the TOPSIS Entropy Weight Model

This paper takes the assessment and evaluation of computational mechanics course as the background, and constructs a diversified course evaluation system that is student-centered and integrates both quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods. The system not only pays attention to students’ practical operation and theoretical knowledge mastery but also puts special emphasis on the cultivation of students’ innovative abilities. In order to realize a comprehensive and objective evaluation, the assessment and evaluation method of the entropy weight model combining TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) multi-attribute decision analysis and entropy weight theory is adopted, and its validity and practicability are verified through example analysis. This method can not only comprehensively and objectively evaluate students’ learning outcomes, but also provide a scientific decision-making basis for curriculum teaching reform. The implementation of this diversified course evaluation system can better reflect the comprehensive ability of students and promote the continuous improvement of teaching quality.

P-128 Non-invasive morphometric assessment of embryo quality: Effectiveness of the number of trophectoderm cells at the equatorial region of expanded blastocysts

Abstract Study question Does the number of trophectoderm cells at the equatorial region of expanded blastocysts (eTEs) affects pregnancy rate in single vitrified blastocyst transfer (SVBT)? Summary answer The number of eTEs highly correlated with the total number of TEs. The greater number of eTEs was higher pregnancy rate became. What is known already The increased use of blastocyst transfer has emphasized the importance of selecting high-quality embryos. Morphological grading: Gardner’s criteria, or time-lapse imaging of embryo morpho kinetics is established a tool for selection of high-quality blastocysts. The Gardner’s criteria is one of the most used evaluation according to grading scores of developmental stage, trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM). Although, it cannot completely exclude subjectivity, and it varies from observer to observer. A quantitative evaluation method for blastocyst selection is necessary to solve these problems and to improve the pregnancy rate of SVBT. Study design, size, duration First, we checked the correlation between the number of eTEs and the total number of TEs using 23 discarded blastocysts by immunostaining of CDX2. Then, we analyzed 1103 vitrified-warmed blastocysts from July 2017 to June 2021 for pregnancy rates. Expanded blastocysts which reached the blastocoel cavity of 160 µm or more with obvious ICM were vitrified and cryopreserved. Relationship between the number of eTEs and pregnancy rate after SVBT was analyzed by logistic regression. Participants/materials, setting, methods CDX2-positive cells were defined as TE, and the difference between total cells by Hoechst staining and CDX2-positive cells as ICM. The correlation between the number of eTEs and the total number of TEs was examined. In SVBT, all embryos were monitored by a time-lapse system. eTEs were counted in the time-lapse image just before cryopreservation. Pregnancy and abortion rates were examined for each eTEs. Also, logistic regression analysis was performed on eTEs and pregnancy. Main results and the role of chance There was a strong positive correlation between the number of eTEs and the total number of TEs (CDX2-positive cells) in the whole blastocysts (r = 0.945). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the number of eTEs and the total cell number of blastocysts (r = 0.73). On the other hand, there was no correlation between the number of eTEs and the cell number of ICM (r = 0.008). The number of eTEs was presented as quartiles: Pregnancy rates for <5, 5-6, 6-7 and ≥7 eTEs were 25.9, 29.4, 38.4, and 64.2% (P < 0.05), respectively, and the miscarriage rates were 50.0, 28.3, 14.1 and 19.2% (P < 0.05), respectively. Pregnancy rate for ≥7 eTEs was significantly higher than that for the other groups (P < 0.05), and miscarriage rate was lower than that for <6 eTEs. That is, increased eTEs significantly increased the pregnancy rate and decreased the miscarriage rate. Significant relationship between the number of eTEs and pregnancy was shown by logistic regression analysis (P < 0.0001), with an AUC of 0.68 and a cutoff value of 6.5. Limitations, reasons for caution In this study, expanded blastocysts at 160 µm or more in diameter were analyzed and cryopreserved. The different size of blastocysts may be different number of eTEs, and the relationship between the number of eTEs and pregnancy rate will be needed to confirm in individual clinic. Wider implications of the findings Quantitative analysis of eTEs makes it possible to select highly fertile blastocysts. This assessment is simply and easy. It can be the additional possible evaluation before cryopreservation to allows for quantitative treatment of continuous variables by classifying them in more detail than Gardner’s criteria. Trial registration number N/A

Rapid multiplex immunohistochemistry for characterizing tumor-immune microenvironment

Intratumoral immune profiles are related to prognosis and therapeutic efficacy, and could result in personalized treatments based on biomarkers. To develop a multiplex, quantitative, and rapid tissue evaluation method based on the clinically established standard immunohistochemistry (IHC), a 6-marker rapid multiplex IHC was developed based on our previously reported 14-marker multiplex IHC by reducing the number of labels and accelerating the staining procedure. First, fewer labels were required to identify the same immunological features linked to prognosis in 14-marker multiplex IHC analyses. The six selected markers showed a significant correlation with the 14 markers in the immune classification. Next, a rapid staining protocol was developed by optimizing the reaction temperature, chromogen, and washing time, allowing the completion of 6-marker analysis in 5 h and 49 min, as opposed to the several days required for conventional multiplex IHC. Validation of benign tonsil and head and neck cancer tissues revealed a significant correlation between rapid and conventional 6-makrer multiplex IHC in terms of staining intensities, densities of T cells, macrophages, lymphoid/myeloid immune cell ratios, and spatial profiles of intratumoral immune infiltrates. This method may enable quantitative assessment of the tumor-immune microenvironment on a clinically feasible time scale, which promotes the development of tissue biomarker-guided therapeutic strategies.

In situ pain relief during photodynamic therapy by ROS-responsive nanomicelle through blocking VGSC

Pain in photodynamic therapy (PDT), resulting from the stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and local acute inflammation, is a primary side effect of PDT that often leads to treatment interruption or termination, significantly compromising the efficacy of PDT and posing an enduring challenge for clinical practice. Herein, a ROS-responsive nanomicelle, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propylene sulphide) (PEG-PPS) encapsulated Ce6 and Lidocaine (LC), (ESCL) was used to address these problems. The tumor preferentially accumulated micelles could realize enhanced PDT effect, as well as in situ quickly release LC due to its ROS generation ability after light irradiation, which owes to the ROS-responsive property of PSS. In addition, PSS can suppress inflammatory pain which is one of the mechanisms of PDT induced pain. High LC-loaded efficiency (94.56 %) owing to the presence of the thioether bond of the PPS made an additional pain relief by inhibiting excessive inflammation besides blocking voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC). Moreover, the anti-angiogenic effect of LC offers further therapeutic effects of PDT. The in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor results revealed significant PDT efficacy. The signals of the sciatic nerve in mice were measured by electrophysiological study to evaluate the pain relief, results showed that the relative integral area of neural signals in ESCL-treated mice decreased by 49.90 % compared to the micelles without loaded LC. Therefore, our study not only develops a very simple but effective tumor treatment PDT and in situ pain relief strategy during PDT, but also provides a quantitative pain evaluation method.

Influencing factors and improvement methods of coronary artery plaque evaluation in CT.

Accurate evaluation of the nature and composition of coronary plaque involves clinical follow-up and prognosis. Coronary CT angiography is the most commonly non-invasive method for plaque evaluation, however, the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of plaque based on CT value is inaccurate, due to the influence of luminal attenuation, tube voltage, parameter setting and the subjectivity.

Emergy-Theory-Based Evaluation of Typhoon Disaster Risk in China’s Coastal Zone

The evaluation of typhoon disaster risk is a widely discussed global topic. Currently, the index system method has become a common approach for the evaluation of typhoon disaster risk. However, the indices within the system are calculated independently, and subjective human factors significantly influence the assignment of index weights. The existing studies lack purely quantitative assessment methods, which makes the studies less precise and more difficult for other researchers to replicate. To bridge this gap, this study employs emergy analysis methods based on thermodynamics to develop a typhoon disaster risk evaluation index system for China’s coastal zone. Without the interference of weights and other human factors, the system contains various quantitative indices, including aggregate impelling energy, typhoon intensity emergy, adaptability emergy, the vulnerability index, and the integrated typhoon hazard index. Subsequently, these indices and socio-economic data were spatialized, and the evaluation of typhoon disaster risk was conducted at the city grid level in the coastal zone of China. The findings reveal that the high-risk areas for typhoon disasters in China are concentrated in prefecture-level cities along the southeast coast. The typhoon disaster risk index is higher in the southern region compared to the northern region, with a decreasing trend in the distribution of the integrated typhoon hazard index from coastal to inland areas. The aim of this study is to use a new quantitative evaluation method (emergy) to evaluate typhoon disasters. It also serves as a theoretical foundation and technical support for national and local governments in the formulation of policies for disaster prevention and reduction.

Quantitatively measuring the cytotoxicity of viscous hydrogels with direct cell sampling in a micro scale format “MicroDrop” and its comparison to CCK8

Tissue engineering holds promise for developing therapeutic applications using viscous materials e.g. hydrogels. However, assessing the cytotoxicity of such materials with conventional assays can be challenging due to non-specific interactions. To address this, we optimized a live/dead staining method for quantitative evaluation and compared it with the conventional CCK8 assay. Our MicroDrop method involved seeding droplets containing 5000 cells in 10 µl medium on 12-well plates. After allowing them to adhere for 4 h, various viscous samples were applied to the cells and measurements were conducted using a fluorescence microscope immediately and at daily intervals up to 72 h. A sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) dilution series compared the MicroDrop with the CCK8 assay. The findings revealed a cell-type specific pattern for 10 mg/ml hyaluronic acid (HA), wherein MC3T3-E1 cells maintained 95% viability until 72 h, while L929 cells experienced a gradual decline to 17%. 2 mg/ml HA exhibited consistent viability above 90% across all time points and cell lines. Similarly, fibrin demonstrated 90% viability across dilutions and time points, except for undiluted samples showing a decrease from 85% to 20%. Gelatin-methacrylol sustained viability above 70% across all time points at both 5% and 10% concentrations. The comparison of the SDS dilution series between viability (MicroDrop) and metabolic activity (CCK8) assay showed a correlation coefficient of 0.95. The study validates the feasibility of the established assay, providing researchers with an efficient tool for assessing cytotoxicity in viscous materials. Additionally, it holds the potential to yield more precise data on well-known hydrogels.Graphical

Microbial adhesion and nanocomposite‐loaded antifouling applications of insulating polymers in transmission lines‐a review

AbstractIn regions characterised by high humidity and abundant vegetation, the external insulation materials utilised in high‐voltage transmission and transformation are frequently fouled with a multitude of microorganisms, thereby jeopardising the reliable operation of the power grid. A comprehensive overview of the periodic growth regulation of parasitic algae is presented upon insulating composites across various regions of the world. Additionally, it highlights the methods for quantitative evaluation and accurate prediction of algae coverage degree. Also, the biological contaminates coating process and the artificial flashover test method are summarised, and the effects of algae on the reliability of inorganic and organic materials used for external insulation are compared. It emphasises the dynamic hygroscopic characteristics and cytoelectronegativity of cell secretions as the critical factors that negatively affect the hydrophobicity and flashover performance of silicone rubber insulators by algae. Furthermore, valuable insights into the long‐term inhibition of algae growth on polymeric insulators are provided using eco‐friendly antibiotic‐loaded silica aerogel nanocomposites.