Quantitative evaluation method for post-earthquake functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways within a complex building using evacuation and rescue simulation

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The complex building is a single building, characterized by its large size and complicated structural systems, such as high-rise-buildings, long-span-podium, and large underground space, as well as diverse functions. The pedestrian flow pathways within a complex building play a crucial role in urgent evacuation and rescue following seismic events. This study proposed a quantitative method for evaluating the functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways within the complex building following seismic events. The method performed the component fragility analysis and constructed the speed reduction models that considered the variations of occupants' motions under different damage states of various nonstructural components. To evaluate the functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways, the evacuation and rescue scenarios were established by analyzing the maximum speeds and behavioral delays of occupants at different spatial locations within the post-earthquake complex building. Based on the simulation, a quantitative index was constructed. Finally, a process accounting for uncertainties such as component damage was presented by generating the engineering demand parameters. A case study was employed to demonstrate the functionality loss of pedestrian flow pathways on each floor and in different areas within the post-earthquake complex building, which has reference significance for improving the post-earthquake complex building 's evacuation capacity as soon as possible to deal with secondary risk.