Quantitative Growth Research Articles

China's dream for chip supremacy: Seeing through the lens of panel display-related IC patents

AbstractAs China has made it a top priority to enrich and upgrade its chip capabilities across the value chain, some international observers predict that China's semiconductor industry will eventually, if not immediately, surpass its foreign competitors. Others remain skeptical about its presumed tech supremacy for plausible but largely speculative reasons. Is the Chinese semiconductor industry a game-changer or a paper tiger? Is China's indigenous chip technology attractive to, and usable by, foreign technology? One way to look into these half-empty/half-full questions is to comparatively analyze chip patents granted by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The target domain of this study is integrated circuits (IC) technology, especially thin-film-transistor circuits, where China has recently registered a sharp growth in patent publications. Using the modified forward citation indices of panel display-related IC patents, this study examines whether and to what extent the quantitative growth in the Chinese semiconductor industry has been translated into a gravitational force to pull foreign industries within its sphere of influence. Estimation results of a zero-inflated negative binomial regression analysis show that a Chinese chip patent has a fewer expected modified forward citation index than a non-Chinese patent. These findings indicate that the technological gap between China and advanced countries will take longer to close despite China's accelerated campaign for chip supremacy. This study concludes, with some caveats, that China faces the dual challenge of achieving higher productivity and greater self-reliance, while having to survive in the escalating technological competition with other advanced countries.

An Identification Method of the Externality of Cultural Facilities from the Perspective of Spatial Distribution of Cultural Industry: A Case Study of Ningbo, China

The identification and depiction of the externality of urban facilities have always been a hot and challenging research issue in human geography and urban planning. However, most of the existing research focuses on exploring the capitalization effect of urban facilities on land prices or housing prices, while ignoring the guiding and promoting effect on related industries. Therefore, this paper proposes an identification method of the externality of cultural facilities from the perspective of cultural industrial agglomeration and industrial abundance, explores the spatial coupling between cultural facilities and cultural enterprises in the central district of Ningbo during different periods, and discusses the role mechanisms of cultural facilities in cultural industry development. Our findings reveal that the spatial pattern of cultural facilities and cultural enterprises evolved in the same way, from single-core or double-core multi-point to “triple-core multi-point,” and there is a certain similarity between the change in the agglomeration pattern of cultural facilities and the evolution of the abundance of cultural enterprises. The externality of cultural facilities is mainly manifested in the promotion of quantitative growth, such as the scale of cultural industry agglomeration and qualitative development, such as industrial structure. These outcomes are mainly realized through the creation of cultural atmosphere, the integration of cultural and commercial functions, and the improvement of cultural consumption and cultural productivity. The research results can offer new policy references for the location and layout of cultural facilities and the incentive development of the cultural industry in Ningbo.

Marketing analysis of the functioning environment of agrarian enterprises

Before the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation, the agricultural sector of Ukraine developed dynamically and played a leading role in ensuring domestic and global food security, employment of the population, and the formation of foreign exchange earnings from product exports and state budget revenues. The active phase of the war on the territory of the country radically changed the conditions for the functioning of agricultural enterprises. The purpose of the article is to characterize and assess the influence of certain elements of the external environment on the activities of agricultural enterprises. The research is based on the dialectical method of learning economic processes and the following methods are used: monographic, abstract-logical, PEST analysis, SWOT analysis. The study analyzed the works of Ukrainian scientists on the problems of the functioning of agricultural enterprises and identified the main political, economic, social and technological factors of the influence of the external environment on their activities in the conditions of martial law. It has been established that the political factors of the environment affect the activity of agricultural enterprises mainly positively, economic factors have a mainly negative effect on them, and social and technological factors have different directions. The assessment of the main strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the environment of agricultural enterprises showed the existence of prerequisites for the quantitative growth of gross volumes of their production and the need to develop a comprehensive strategy of agricultural policy for long-term growth in the conditions of post-war recovery, the key tasks of which should be ecologically oriented nature management, the development of dual education for training highly qualified workers, increasing the volume of production and export of organic and ready-made food products, technical and technological modernization of the production base. Priority stimulation of investments in increasing the volume of production of organic food products, development of primary and advanced processing of agricultural raw materials inside the faucet is proposed. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that its results can be used by state institutions responsible for the development of the agrarian sphere, when developing a strategy for its development and substantiating measures for its implementation, by agricultural enterprises - when developing marketing strategies, by scientists - when further researching the problems of the influence of the external environment on the development of agricultural production

Profit as a main factor in forecasting agricultural business development

The essence and role of profit in forecasting the development of agricultural production are investigated in the article. The value of profit in modern conditions as an important driving force of the economy is determined and proved. It is revealed that forecasting the development of agricultural business is a set of studies of economic activities of the enterprise using appropriate sources of information, determining available reserves, analysing the results of activities and developing the necessary measures for efficient production. The DuPont model was used to analyse the impact of indicators on return on equity. It was found that the factor analysis of the profitability of own capital makes it possible to determine the impact of key factors on performance. Research has shown that return on equity depends on three factors: return on sales, asset turnover and the structure of advance capital. These factors summarize all aspects of financial and economic activities of the enterprise, their statics and dynamics. Based on the factor model, the possibilities of quantitative and qualitative growth of the basic economic indicators of activity of the agricultural enterprise, which are expressed in underused reserves of production resources, are defined. Possible directions of increasing the company’s profit in modern conditions have been studied, among which the main ones may be: growth of production and sales volumes, optimization of production and sales costs and improvement of its quality.

Global research on digital divide during the past two decades: a bibliometric study of Web of Science indexed literature

Purpose This study aims to examine the research output on digital divide from 2001 to 2020 and measure the qualitative and quantitative growth of literature during the stated period by using required bibliometric measures for identifying the types of documents, yearly growth, country productivity, citation network of collaborative countries, authorship pattern, top authors, cocitation networks and assorted facets. Design/methodology/approach Web of Science database was used to retrieve the required data for this study. Keeping the objectives of this study in mind, the keyword “Digital Divide” was used as the search term. Moreover, the retrieved data were limited from the year 2001 to 2020 for two decades. A total of 5,518 publications were filtered and focused for subsequent facet-wise analysis and interpretation. Required bibliometric indicators like types of documents, yearly growth, authorship pattern, degree of collaboration (DC), country productivity, h-index and citation impact were used to study various dimensions of publication trends. VOSviewer software was used to visualize the authorship network, bibliographic coupling and keyword occurrences. Findings This study finds a total of 5,518 publications on the topic digital divide contributed by 14,277 authors from 130 countries across the world published through 2,843 source titles in 13 global languages during the past two decades (2001–2020). The annual growth of publications (AGP) on the topic digital divide shows 38.43% AGP globally. Journal articles have been identified as the preferred type of document with 73.11% of the literature. The DC indicates a healthy trend of collaborative research with a mean value of 0.70. The USA is the table topper with the contribution of 1,933(35.03%) publications and 77 h-index and James J., from Tilburg University, The Netherlands, is identified as top amongst the most productive authors with the highest number of 34 publications (h-index 14). Research limitations/implications This study restricts its scope on research productivity to the theme “digital divide” regarding authorship pattern, DC, most productive authors, most productive countries, most published sources and other key facets. This study exclusively refers to the Web of Science database in retrieving the required data. Moreover, this study takes global research into account with no geographical or language limitations and comprehends literature on digital divide for two decades ranging from the years 2001 to 2020. Practical implications Teachers and research scholars interested in bibliometric studies can benefit from insights into the scholarly documents published on the topic digital divide from 2001 to 2020. Originality/value This study yields some interesting findings on published literature on the digital divide during the past two decades relating to the most striking contributions, highly cited journals, the most prolific authors, country productivity, keyword cooccurrence and assorted parameters.

THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENTIATED FERTILISATION ON THE SUGAR LEVEL IN THE MUST, FOR THE ALIGOTE AND FETEASCA ALBA VARIETIES, UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE IASI VINEYARD

Wine soils from the country's main vineyards contain 0.05-0.25 g total N per 100 g soil, 0.9-20 mg P_2 O_5/100 g soil and 6.5-36 mg K_2 O/100 g soil. The amount of fertiliser that the plant will use - the degree of use - depends on the age of the stumps, the type of rootstock and the planned production. Acting as a factor for the intensification of production, mineral fertilisers, used as a complement to organic fertilisation, contribute not only to maintaining and increasing soil fertility but also to the quantitative and qualitative growth of production. Since the natural reserves of nutrients are limited, the application of natural and mineral fertilisers, scientifically based and differentiated according to the concrete pedoclimatic conditions, is of particular importance from an ecological and economic point of view. The research undertaken highlighted that the use of chemical fertilisers, in different dosages and ratios, favourably influenced the accumulation of sugar in the must for both varieties, with values that were between 178 g/L sugars for the Aligote variety and 170.7 g/L for Feteasca alba. The P-K relationship positively influenced the accumulation of sugars for both varieties, 177.4 g/L sugars for the Aligote variety and 171.3 g/L for Feteasca alba.

A Psycho-Biographical Perspective on the Generativity of Dong Seok-Ki, a Pioneer of the Church of Christ in Korea

본 연구의 목적은 한국그리스도의교회 선구자 동석기의 성숙성에 관하여 심리전기적 관점을 제시해 보는 데 있다. 이를 통해 지금까지 잘 알려지지 않았던 한국교회의 신앙적 전통의 이야기를 발굴하고, 새로운 시대에 양적 성장을 넘어서 질적 성장으로 가는 패러다임과 성숙의 길을 모색해 보고자 했다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 문헌고찰 및 관련 자료를 수집하여 McAdams의 이야기심리학을 활용하여 분석했다. 그 결과, 동석기 성숙성의 심리전기적 관점은 4가지로 드러났다. 즉, ‘후견인 됨’, ‘나라 됨', ‘소박함’, 그리고 ‘친구됨’이었다. 이렇게 구성된 성숙성의 이야기 대본은 '환원적 성숙성'이라고 명명했다. 본 연구를 통해서, 초기 한국 기독교 전통 속에서 성숙성의 주제를 발견하고 이에 대한 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 교세 중심의 양적 성장을 추구하는 패러다임에서 작고 소박한 것에서도 본질을 찾을 수 있는 질적 패러다임 관점을 제시할 수 있었다. 본 연구가 한국 기독교 선각자들의 이야기를 발굴하고 심리전기 연구를 지속적으로 활성화하는 데 도움이 되리라 기대한다.The purpose of this study is to present a psycho-biographical perspective on the generativity of Dong Seok-ki, a pioneer of the Church of Christ in Korea. To this end, this study collected literature review and related data and analyzed them using McAdams' narrative psychology. As a result, the psycho-biographical perspective of Dong Seok-ki’s generativity was analyzed into four categories. In other words, it was 'becoming a guardian', 'becoming a country', 'simplicity', and 'becoming a friend'. The narrative script of generativity composed in this way was named 'restorational generativity'. Through this study, the theme of generativity in the early Korean Christian tradition was discovered and implications were obtained. In addition, it was possible to present a qualitative paradigm perspective that can find its essence even in small and simple things in the paradigm of pursuing quantitative growth centered on the number of churches.

CRISPRi screen highlights chromatin regulation to be involved in formic acid tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Formic acid is one of the main weak acids in lignocellulosic hydrolysates that is known to be inhibitory to yeast growth even at low concentrations. In this study, we employed a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) strain library comprising >9000 strains encompassing >98% of all essential and respiratory growth-essential genes, to study formic acid tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To provide quantitative growth estimates on formic acid tolerance, the strains were screened individually on solid medium supplemented with 140 mM formic acid using the Scan-o-Matic platform. Selected resistant and sensitive strains were characterized in liquid medium supplemented with formic acid and in synthetic hydrolysate medium containing a combination of inhibitors. Strains with gRNAs targeting genes associated with chromatin remodeling were significantly enriched for strains showing formic acid tolerance. In line with earlier findings on acetic acid tolerance, we found genes encoding proteins involved in intracellular vesicle transport enriched among formic acid sensitive strains. The growth of the strains in synthetic hydrolysate medium followed the same trend as when screened in medium supplemented with formic acid. Strains sensitive to formic acid had decreased growth in the synthetic hydrolysate and all strains that had improved growth in the presence of formic acid also grew better in the hydrolysate medium. Systematic analysis of CRISPRi strains allowed identification of genes involved in tolerance mechanisms and provided novel engineering targets for bioengineering strains with increased resistance to inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates.

Urban Waste: Visualizing the Academic Literature through Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review

The management of solid urban waste is one of the biggest problems currently faced by society and the economy. It can be considered a negative externality that arises as a consequence of the production and consumption processes of industry and society. This study consists of a bibliometric analysis to recognize the articles published and included in high-impact scientific journals, as well as a systematic review of the literature. We have collected 1897 research articles from the Scopus database that have been published between 1981 and 2021. We have identified the main subject areas, authors, institutions, and countries of these publications, as well as research trends in terms of resource management. Our findings show that since the 20th century, there has been quantitative and qualitative growth in this line of research, especially since 2006, and that four main trends have been defined: environment, society, technical aspects, and economic aspects. The economic field makes reference to the circular economy and its link to the objectives and sustainable development goals of the 2030 agenda, in which there is an important need to provide solutions to the problems generated as a consequence of the inadequate management of solid waste.

Within and between population phenotypic variation in growth vigor and sensitivity to drought stress in five temperate tree species

Within-population variation in individual tree growth and response to climate has an impact on forest dynamics, resilience and adaptation to environmental change.Combining dendrochronological analyses with a process-based ecophysiological model simulating drought stress at the stand scale, we studied the phenotypic variation of two growth-related traits within 22 pure stands of five contrasted tree species sampled in the RENECOFOR network over a wide range of ecological conditions. First, we computed the annual stress level from soil, climate and stand inventory data. Second, we computed individual sensitivity as the quantitative growth response to drought stress level and individual vigor as the capacity to grow in favorable years relative to an average stand-level growth model. We analyzed within-population variation and covariation of individual vigor and sensitivity, their temporal changes during stand development, as well as the effect of environmental conditions on population-level means, variances and correlation.Our results show that within-population variances in sensitivity and vigor exceed the between-population variances for all species. The populations located in more stressful environments, i.e., low summer precipitation and extractable soil water, showed lower mean and variance of sensitivity, suggesting possible multiscale adaptation at the population level and within populations. None of the environmental factors considered had an effect on the average population vigor or on the within-population variance of vigor. We found a general positive correlation between individual growth sensitivity and vigor in 17 out of 22 populations, potentially revealing a growth performance trade-off. The correlation was more pronounced in low extractable soil water environments, which may be related to a need for stressful conditions to reveal the trade-off or be the consequence of adaptive processes, i.e., acclimation and selection.If high within-population stand phenotypic variation in growth traits contributes to the resilience and adaptive capacity of forests to climate change, a trade-off could represent a constraint on selection. We provide genetic and environmental arguments supporting the hypothesis of a trade-off, then we highlight the importance of integrating it into the management process, especially during selective thinning, to avoid indirectly increasing population sensitivity by selecting the most vigorous trees.

Digitalization of Public Governance in Conditions of Netocratization of Society: the Legislative Framework of Ukraine

Today, information and communication technologies are widely used in all spheres of public life; state policy is gradually gaining publicity and social accessibility; it becomes possible for society to actively participate in globalization policies and processes; the digitalization of public services is globalized and covers the whole world, which indicates a netocratic vector of development of modern society. Given the pace of development of globalized e-democracy and the world’s efforts for socio-economic recovery, it is necessary to update the priorities of digital governance in order to increase trust in governments and state institutions, and for this it is necessary to create effective legislation that determines the possibility of forming a perfect governance system and regulatory state policy in the field of e-democracy. The article considers domestic legislative acts designed to regulate and streamline management processes in the conditions of netocracy of society, to ensure their consistency, stability, balance (laws of Ukraine: «On Information », «On Information Protection in Information and Communication Systems», «On the National Informatization Program», «On Electronic Documents and Electronic Document Management», «On Electronic Digital Signature», «On Electronic Trust Services», «On State Registration of Legal Entities, Individuals – Enterprises and Public Formations», «On telecommunications», «On the licensing system in the field of economic activity», «On the Fundamentals of the Development of the Information Society in Ukraine for 2007–2015», «On the Protection of Personal Data», etc.). An analysis of the indicated domestic legislative framework indicates a quantitative growth and improvement of regulatory documents covering the digital spheres of public administration. It has been established that the issue of harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with world legal norms remains important.

Digitalization of Public Governance in Conditions of Netocratization of Society: the Legislative Framework of Ukraine

Today, information and communication technologies are widely used in all spheres of public life; state policy is gradually gaining publicity and social accessibility; it becomes possible for society to actively participate in globalization policies and processes; the digitalization of public services is globalized and covers the whole world, which indicates a netocratic vector of development of modern society. Given the pace of development of globalized e-democracy and the world’s efforts for socio-economic recovery, it is necessary to update the priorities of digital governance in order to increase trust in governments and state institutions, and for this it is necessary to create effective legislation that determines the possibility of forming a perfect governance system and regulatory state policy in the field of e-democracy. The article considers domestic legislative acts designed to regulate and streamline management processes in the conditions of netocracy of society, to ensure their consistency, stability, balance (laws of Ukraine: «On Information », «On Information Protection in Information and Communication Systems», «On the National Informatization Program», «On Electronic Documents and Electronic Document Management», «On Electronic Digital Signature», «On Electronic Trust Services», «On State Registration of Legal Entities, Individuals – Enterprises and Public Formations», «On telecommunications», «On the licensing system in the field of economic activity», «On the Fundamentals of the Development of the Information Society in Ukraine for 2007–2015», «On the Protection of Personal Data», etc.). An analysis of the indicated domestic legislative framework indicates a quantitative growth and improvement of regulatory documents covering the digital spheres of public administration. It has been established that the issue of harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with world legal norms remains important.

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ, ЭМПИРИЧЕСКИЕ И ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ГЕНДЕРНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В РОССИИ

The article provides a brief analysis of the current state of gender studies (GS) in Russia. The process of formation of gender theory in the West and in Russia is described. It is noted that GS has become a recognized part of the social and humanitarian knowledge in our country. However, the analysis of publications on GS shows that their quantitative growth mainly occurs at the expense of quality. As a result, conceptual, methodological and terminological chaos reigns in publications on gender issues. It is also noticeable that there are the thematic limitations of research and the use of a biodeterministic approach in them under the guise of gender. The author considers the main reasons for that to be the lack of an academic standard; the specifics of the Russian mentality and the poor development of gender education in universities. In conclusion, it is noted that gender equality is a powerful economic and spiritual resource for the sustainable development of society. Its implementation is impossible without studying all aspects of society on the basis of gender theory.

The Macro Impact of Short‐Termism

R&D investment reduces current profits, so short‐term pressure to hit profit targets may distort R&D. In the data, firms just meeting Wall Street forecasts have lower R&D growth and subsequent innovation, while managers just missing receive lower pay. But short‐termist distortions might not quantitatively matter if aggregation or equilibrium dampen their impact. So I build and estimate a quantitative endogenous growth model in which short‐termism arises naturally as discipline on conflicted managers and boosts firm value by about 1%. But short‐termism reduces R&D, and the social return to R&D is higher than the private return due to standard channels including knowledge spillovers and imperfect competition. So at the macro level, short‐termist distortions slow growth by 5 basis points yearly and lower social welfare by about 1%.

Органы ОГПУ и советская авиация (1928–1934 гг.)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of Soviet special services in the aviation sector during the formation and development of Soviet aviation and related industries. The problems of Soviet aviation, largely determined by the state of society and the economy in the USSR, are characterized on the basis of office documents of the special services and other departments. Using concrete examples, the tasks performed by the OGPU body for operational maintenance of Soviet aviation are considered. The author comes to the conclusion that the materials of the special services, despite the need for critical perception of some of their conclusions, allow us to get an objective idea of the problems of Soviet aviation during its quantitative and qualitative growth (1928–1934).

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing and Drug Discovery in the Dimorphic Fungus Histoplasma Capsulatum.

The thermal dimorphism of the fungal pathogen Histoplasma is linked to its virulence in mammalian hosts. Mammalian body temperature triggers differentiation of the fungus into virulent yeasts which successfully infect host phagocytes. Accurate determination of antifungal susceptibility with relevance to infection requires that the tests be performed specifically using the yeast form, not the filamentous environmental form. However, traditional CLSI methodology for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts with Histoplasma is in adequate. We present optimized methodology for performing antifungal susceptibility assays on Histoplasma yeasts with an emphasis on quantitative yeast growth determination. Colorimetric and fluorometric assays for Histoplasma growth overcome challenges associated with quantifying some Histoplasma strains which grow as aggregates of yeasts. We also describe antifungal susceptibility testing of Histoplasma yeasts within macrophages to provide improved accuracy and better physiological relevance of antifungal susceptibility profiles.

Corneal Endothelial Cell Cultures from Organotypic Preservation of Older Donor Corneas Are Suitable for Advanced Cell Therapy

Introduction: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the in vitro growth capacity and functionality of human corneal endothelial cells (hCEC) expanded from corneas of elderly (>60 years) donors that were preserved using an organotypic culture method (>15 days, 31°C) and did not meet the clinical criteria for keratoplasty. Methods: Cell cultures were obtained from prior descemetorhexis (≥10 mm) and a controlled incubation with collagenase type I followed by recombinant trypsin. Cells were seeded on coated plates (fibronectin-albumin-collagen I) and cultures were expanded using the dual supplemented medium approach (maintenance medium and growth medium), in the presence of a 10 μm Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor (Y-27632). Cell passages were obtained at culture confluency (∼2 weeks). A quantitative colorimetric WST-1 cell growth assay was performed at different time points of the culture. Morphometric analysis (area assessment and circularity), immunocytochemistry (ZO-1, Na+/K+-ATPase α, Ki67), and transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) were performed on confluent monolayers. Results: There was no difference between the cell growth profiles of hCEC cultures obtained from corneas older than 60 years, whether preserved cold or cultivated organotypic corneas. Primary cultures were able to maintain a certain cell circularity index (around 0.8) and morphology (hexagonal) similar to corneal endothelial mosaic. The ZO-1 and Na+/K+-ATPase pump markers were highly positive in confluent cell monolayers at 21 days after isolation (passage 0; P0), but significantly decreased in confluent monolayers after the first passage (P1). A weak expression of Ki67 was observed in both P0 and P1 monolayers. The P0 monolayers showed a progressive increase in TEER values between days 6 and 11 and remained stable until day 18 of culture, indicating a state of controlled permeability in monolayers. The P1 monolayers also showed some functional ability but with decreased TEER values compared to monolayers at P0. Conclusions: Our results indicate that it is possible to obtain functional hCEC cultures in eye banks, using simplified and standardized protocols, from older donor corneas (>60 years of age), previously preserved under organotypic culture conditions. This tissue is more readily available in our setting, due to the profile of the donor population or due to the low endothelial count (<2,000 cells/mm2) of the donated cornea.

Scientific Discourse with the Key Term Artificial Intelligence

The authors argue that at present, a new scientific object, a discourse with the key term artificial intelligence (AI), has formed in the language of science. The state of the discourse is characterized as extremely debatable. From a substantive point of view, the articles have the object of AI technology, and the subject is the problems of the emergence of AI systems in various branches of human activity. The formation of AI discourse is at the initial stage, as evidenced by the elements of linguocreativity in the texts of institutional discourse, characterized by the lack of imagery, personalities and terminology. The authors emphasize the novelty of this phenomenon and the comprehensiveness of AI technologies with different words and word combinations with temporal and spatial semantics. In the discourse lexical means create the effect of speed, pressure, quantitative and qualitative growth of new AI systems. The key words of the new discourse are advantage, benefit, trust, challenges. The discourse is characterized by metaphorical language and a large number of personifications. From axiological positions the value of AI is not questioned. From the point of view of determining the author’s goal-setting, the purpose of the text in the discourse, new goals are affirmed, namely the justification of the opportunities and limits of the application of AI. The communicative strategy of the authors of the articles is aimed at creating the effect of readers’ involvement, synergy in achieving the goals. For this purpose, a variety of rhetorical means and techniques are used (personal pronouns, personal forms of verbs, rhetorical questions, oxymoron, phraseological expressions, winged words, epithets, etc.). At this stage of the existence of scientific discourse with the key word artificial intelligence is found similar to the artistic discourse, as there is the creation of a new scientific object, looking for approaches to its linguistic positioning, forms of putting forward the scientific result.

Qualitative Identification of Dimensions and Components of Good Governance in Relation to Organizational Intimacy and Organizational Development at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences

Objective: The present research aimed to qualitatively identify the dimensions and components of good governance in relation to organizational intimacy and organizational development at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Method: This study, based on its objectives, is an applied-developmental study that utilized qualitative research methods. Additionally, to gather information, library study and semi-structured interviews were employed. Initially, for the theoretical study related to the research objective and to review the literature and background of the topic, information from relevant specialized books and articles addressing the relationship between organizational intimacy and good governance with organizational development was used. Subsequently, to identify the dimensions of the research variables, semi-structured interviews with experts were conducted. Then, the qualitative method of thematic analysis was applied to analyze the data obtained from the interviews. The population of this research included the managers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences and academic experts (with research and publications in this field) who were selected through purposive sampling and included 10 interviewees determined by theoretical saturation. Findings: A total of 344 primary codes were extracted from the interview texts. Through coding these concepts, 59 sub-themes were identified and by classifying these themes into similar categories, 11 main themes were derived. Conclusion: The main themes included good governance, value-orientation, capacity building, transparency, accountability, emotional closeness, organizational climate, organizational intimacy, non-financial performance, financial performance, and organizational development. In this context, there is a need for access to high-ranking managers and officials, and indeed for servant leadership among university administrators. Also, with the honesty of university managers, objectives related to skill development and knowledge updating can be achieved. In addition to the aforementioned issues, attention to the quantitative and qualitative growth and development of employees is also considered a part of good governance that should be increasingly focused on by relevant managers.

Искусственный интеллект: риски и перспективы культуры

The article presents an analysis of the concept of “artificial intelligence” (AI) in its relationship with socio-cultural prerequisites. Having arisen at a certain stage in the development of technological culture, AI breaks out into the sphere of independent existence, representing both a progressive form and a threat to human existence. Threats to cultural identity arise, interethnic and intercultural ties are weakened; a person is deprived of cultural and historical memory, is torn off from national roots and traditions. AI covers a significant landscape of human skills, being implemented in management, investment activities, and programming. It is an intermediary in social interaction, is present in science, translation, fine arts, theorem proving, recognizes speech and images. However, artificial intelligence does not invade the sphere of emotions, empathy, understanding of art and culture; it is an exclusively human sphere, which is deformed in the context of globalization. The relevance of the study is due to the search for harmonious links between the “superreality” and man, his creative thinking and freedom of self-realization. The novelty lies in the emphasis on changes in the methodology of scientific research: natural science, humanitarian and engineering knowledge, merging, form a new sphere of knowledge. In it, ethical and cultural principles are assumed to be fundamental. The factors of culture transformation at the stage of the information society are identified: ideas about the threats of AI in the public mind; the emergence of “roboethics” norms, security strategies from the field of artificial intelligence; the transformation of society into a communicative one. The purpose of the study: to consider the complex of consequences of the introduction of AI into the space of human existence, to identify the threats and risks arising from its possible total spread. Using the axiological approach, semiotic analysis, a change in the sign-symbolic system, and then the meanings and values of culture, was revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that artificial intelligence is a reality that is visible and understandable to mankind. It is able to mimic human cognitive abilities. Facilitating and improving human life, this phenomenon can become a tool for manipulating people’s consciousness. It is shown that the philosophical and anthropological approach makes it possible to comprehend the problem of artificial intelligence included in the field of a holistic view of the relationship between the spiritual essence of man and the world. It is concluded that AI should be controlled by the joint efforts of the scientific community. The quantitative growth of communications does not lead to a close emotional connection, there is a depersonalization of contacts, a passion for self-presentation. The problem of personal identity remains open, the solution of which we see in the appeal to traditional value orientations based on the spiritual content of culture.