Искусственный интеллект: риски и перспективы культуры

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of the concept of “artificial intelligence” (AI) in its relationship with socio-cultural prerequisites. Having arisen at a certain stage in the development of technological culture, AI breaks out into the sphere of independent existence, representing both a progressive form and a threat to human existence. Threats to cultural identity arise, interethnic and intercultural ties are weakened; a person is deprived of cultural and historical memory, is torn off from national roots and traditions. AI covers a significant landscape of human skills, being implemented in management, investment activities, and programming. It is an intermediary in social interaction, is present in science, translation, fine arts, theorem proving, recognizes speech and images. However, artificial intelligence does not invade the sphere of emotions, empathy, understanding of art and culture; it is an exclusively human sphere, which is deformed in the context of globalization. The relevance of the study is due to the search for harmonious links between the “superreality” and man, his creative thinking and freedom of self-realization. The novelty lies in the emphasis on changes in the methodology of scientific research: natural science, humanitarian and engineering knowledge, merging, form a new sphere of knowledge. In it, ethical and cultural principles are assumed to be fundamental. The factors of culture transformation at the stage of the information society are identified: ideas about the threats of AI in the public mind; the emergence of “roboethics” norms, security strategies from the field of artificial intelligence; the transformation of society into a communicative one. The purpose of the study: to consider the complex of consequences of the introduction of AI into the space of human existence, to identify the threats and risks arising from its possible total spread. Using the axiological approach, semiotic analysis, a change in the sign-symbolic system, and then the meanings and values of culture, was revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that artificial intelligence is a reality that is visible and understandable to mankind. It is able to mimic human cognitive abilities. Facilitating and improving human life, this phenomenon can become a tool for manipulating people’s consciousness. It is shown that the philosophical and anthropological approach makes it possible to comprehend the problem of artificial intelligence included in the field of a holistic view of the relationship between the spiritual essence of man and the world. It is concluded that AI should be controlled by the joint efforts of the scientific community. The quantitative growth of communications does not lead to a close emotional connection, there is a depersonalization of contacts, a passion for self-presentation. The problem of personal identity remains open, the solution of which we see in the appeal to traditional value orientations based on the spiritual content of culture.