Quantitative Data Collection Research Articles

Appraisal of Ethics on Key Value of Chinese Athletes Towards a Model for Athletic Training Program

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of ethical evaluation of athletes' key values in practice and to provide guidance for the training model of athletes. Ethics in sport requires four key values: fairness, integrity, responsibility and respect. In this study, a mixture of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods were used to conduct a questionnaire survey and analysis of 194 student-athletes. The results show that the four core ethical values of fairness, integrity, responsibility and respect can help coaches and athletes to train and compete more scientifically under their own sports rules and form correct professional ethics. Based on the research results, this paper proposes an ethical evaluation based on the core values of athletes, aiming to promote the development of athletes' skills and level through daily training mode, promote the cultivation of athletes' teamwork ability and leadership ability, and shape athletes' personal character and values.

STRATEGIC PLAN FOR INTERNAL EMPLOYER BRANDING AT INDONESIA TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY FOR THE PERIOD 2024-2025

Purpose: Amidst ongoing changes, employer branding is crucial for attracting and retaining top talent. Given the competitive job market, it's essential to establish the company as an appealing workplace. This study aims to develop an internal employer branding strategy for Company for 2024-2025 by analyzing current practices and identifying key areas for improving the employee value proposition, ultimately enhancing the company's attractiveness to employees. Methodology: This study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, comprising qualitative descriptive methods through interviews and survey with Company management and employees, and quantitative data collection via surveys distributed among employees, using a Likert scale to evaluate the importance and performance of the company's EVP. Findings: The research findings will demonstrate the critical importance of employer branding for both internal and external facets of the company. It will highlight the significant benefits of implementing employer branding internally as a corporate strategy for effective employee retention and management. Additionally, the insights gained will be invaluable for the company to understand employee expectations and fulfill promises to employees as an employer. Originality/Value: This research constitutes a valuable contribution to the literature on employer branding by reinforcing the pivotal role played by employer branding and corporate reputation as instrumental factors in the attraction and retention of employees within the organizational framework.

Canadian Youth Correctional Officers' Views on Their Work and Relationships With Youth in Their Care.

This study explored the personal perspectives of youth correctional officers within secure and open custody facilities in Ontario. A multi-methods design allowed for quantitative data collection to assess demographics and scores on a relationship scale and qualitative open-ended survey responses to explore areas of interest regarding officer work. Despite a small sample size (N = 26), results indicated trends in officers' views of their work and relationships with youth. Youth officers report various job duties ranging from supervision/security to cleaning and preparing meals. Results indicate differences in endorsement for relationship development with youth for those who see treatment as part of their role in rehabilitation and those who do not. This exploratory study provides a starting point for understanding the unique experiences and duties of youth correctional officers in Ontario, Canada, and their views on relationship development with youth. Future research will include in-person interviews, facilitating more rich data collection.

Unravelling the User Perception: Evaluating Kenadsa's Heritage Office Building Performance Through Perceptual Dimensions and Behaviors

This study investigates the complex relationship between user perceptions and subsequent behaviors in the multisensory environment within Kenadsa’s heritage office building, located in the oasis of Bechar, Algeria. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative subjective data collection methods, the research aims to assess the perceptual dimensions of the office building's interior space, thermal conditions and lighting environment, as well as to evaluate its performance based on users' perceptions and behaviors. The methodology includes in situ questionnaire surveys conducted after each user's work experience, complemented by thermal and visual assessments observation of the lighting during the winter and summer seasons. The results highlight the dynamic interplay between user perception and behavior, and provide valuable information for improving the design and functionality of heritage buildings in similar contexts.

Utilization of Biomethane to Support Energy Security in Indonesia, Riau Province: A Case Study

As the largest global palm oil producer, Indonesia contributes 59% to the world’s palm oil supply, producing 46.9 million tons of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in 2021. However, this extensive production poses an environmental challenge through Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), estimated at 156 million m3 annually. POME treatment facilities release Biogas, predominantly Methane (CH4) at 50%–75%, a potent Greenhouse Gas (GHG) with 21 times the global warming potential of CO2. Conversely, Methane is a key component of widely used Natural Gas. Properly treated, POME-derived biogas can be upgraded to Biomethane, a clean and carbon-negative alternative for the Natural Gas Grid or fossil fuel substitution, estimated at 1,280 MWe, equivalent to 288 MMSCFD CH4. Despite Biomethane’s potential, its utilization remains limited to self-use in Palm Oil Mills or power plants, even in Riau Province, home to Indonesia’s largest oil palm plantation. PT Perusahaan Gas Negara Tbk survey identified potential customers in Riau willing to adopt natural gas, hindered by infrastructure and economic scale challenges. This research analyzes obstacles to biomethane business development in Indonesia, focusing on Riau Province, aiming to formulate an optimal distribution scheme and sustainable strategies. Methodologically, a mix of quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, including literature studies, interviews, and questionnaires, informed a comprehensive analysis employing geographical, transportation cost, financial modeling, SWOT, and risk analyses. Findings suggest trucking as the optimal distribution mode for biomethane to scattered customers. Economic viability hinges on biomethane volume, necessitating stability and increased sales volume strategies. For Riau, four potential customers with a total daily demand of 11,248.93 m3 can be served affordably by selecting palm oil mills within a 76 km radius. Price and security supply considerations are crucial. This research provides insights into overcoming challenges and optimizing the biomethane business in Riau, offering a sustainable model for broader adoption in Indonesia.

Towards Inclusive Growth: Remote Work and Digital Entrepreneurship as Tools for PwD Empowerment in Oman

Purpose: This paper investigates the potential of remote work platforms and digital entrepreneurship for the employment inclusion of People with Disabilities (PwD) in Oman. PwD face challenges in the labor market due to social stigma and a lack of awareness about remote work options. This study aims to assess the general digital and digital marketing skills of PwD in Oman, identify the gap between their skills and the requirements of virtual platforms for remote work, and recommend online training programs to bridge the gap. Method: The study will use a mixed-methods approach with questionnaires and real-life scenarios to assess skills and competencies. This study will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (real-life scenarios) data collection methods. Results and conclusion: This study will use structural equation modelling, Linear probability and multiple response regression models to validate and identify predictors of skill levels and potential gaps between self-assessment and performance. This guides in the development of appropriate online training which improves the employment prospects of PwDs. Research Implication: PwDs can apply knowledge, understanding, and practical abilities gained through competency development initiatives in the business work process. With freedom and autonomy, they can make judgments and decisions that will improve their psychological state of mind and confidence. This also ensures access to equal opportunity, independence, and protection against discrimination. Originality/Value: The study contributes to Oman Vision 2040 and aligns with national priorities of promoting economic development and empowering vulnerable groups like PwD. This research aims to empower PwD in Oman through skills development and access to remote work opportunities, contributing to their social and economic inclusion.

Addressing barriers and identifying facilitators to support informed consent and recruitment in the Cavernous malformations A Randomised Effectiveness (CARE) pilot phase trial: insights from the integrated QuinteT recruitment intervention (QRI)

It was anticipated that recruitment to the Cavernous malformations: A Randomised Effectiveness (CARE) pilot randomised trial would be challenging. The trial compared medical management and surgery (neurosurgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery) with medical management alone, for people with symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformation (ISRCTN41647111). Previous trials comparing surgical and medical management for intracranial vascular malformations failed to recruit to target. A QuinteT Recruitment Intervention was integrated during trial accrual, September 2021-April 2023 inclusive, to improve informed consent and recruitment. The QuinteT Recruitment Intervention combined iterative collection and analysis of quantitative data (28 trial site screening logs recording numbers/proportions screened, eligible, approached and randomised) and qualitative data (79 audio-recorded recruitment discussions, 19 interviews with healthcare professionals, 11 interviews with patients, 2 investigator workshops, and observations of study meetings, all subject to thematic, content or conversation analysis). We triangulated quantitative and qualitative data to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment and how and why these arose. Working with the chief investigators and trial management group, we addressed barriers and facilitators with corresponding actions to improve informed consent and recruitment. Barriers identified included how usual care practices made equipoise challenging, multi-disciplinary teams sometimes overrode recruiter equipoise and logistical issues rendered symptomatic cavernoma diagnosis and assessment for stereotactic radiosurgery challenging. Facilitators identified included the preparedness of some neurosurgeons' to offer surgery to people otherwise offered medical management alone, multi-disciplinary team equipoise, and effective information provision presenting participation as a solution to equipoise regarding management. Actions, before and during recruitment, to improve inclusivity of site screening, approach and effectiveness of information provision resulted in 72 participants recruited following a 5-month extension, exceeding the target of 60 participants. QuinteT Recruitment Intervention insights revealed barriers and facilitators, enabling identification of remedial actions. Recruitment to a definitive trial would benefit from further training/support to encourage clinicians to be comfortable approaching patients to whom medical management is usually offered, and broadening the pool of neurosurgeons and multi-disciplinary team members prepared to offer surgery, particularly stereotactic radiosurgery. National Institute for Health and Care Research.

Effectiveness of Gender Equality Policies in G20 Parliaments: A Fuzzy Logic Analysis

The institutional theory draws attention to the possibility of decoupling. Decoupling refers to complying with external pressures, organizations can maintain their internal practices without changing them. There is a relative increase in the number of women in parliament in almost all G20 countries on an annual basis. However even though the ratio of women's seats in the national parliament has increased relatively in some countries, our knowledge is limited whether gender equality policies are effectively implemented. Based on the observation about the relative increase in the women seats in the G20 national parliaments, the current study examines whether there is decoupling. The study adopts the quantitative data collection method and analyses the fuzzy logic method. The findings of the study reveal that decoupling may exist in G20 countries even where the human development index is high.

THE IMPACT OF MOBILE ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING (MALL) IN DEVELOPING THE SPEAKING SKILL: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

THE IMPACT OF MOBILE ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING (MALL) IN DEVELOPING THE SPEAKING SKILL: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

Educational Practices and the Use of Artificial Intelligence: A Multifaceted Analysis in the Current Context

Objetive: The research aims to examine current educational practices related to the understanding and utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in the educational field. Theoretical framework: The research collects information related to the conceptual framework, detailing concepts involving the research variables; likewise, a compilation of background research from similar studies in the years 2022 and 2023 is conducted. Method: The research employs a mixed methodology, incorporating qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. A comprehensive review of academic literature and official documents is conducted to identify prevalent educational practices in the field of AI. Additionally, surveys and interviews are designed targeting teachers, students, and AI experts to gather detailed information about their experiences, knowledge, and perceptions regarding AI in education. Results and conclusion: The results of the study reveal a diverse range of educational practices related to AI. These practices include the use of AI tools for personalized learning and the integration of AI concepts into the school curriculum. Common challenges such as the lack of resources and adequate training for teachers, as well as ethical and privacy concerns surrounding AI use in the classroom, are identified. Research implications: The findings of this research have significant implications for educational practices related to AI. They underscore the need for enhanced teacher training, the development of ethical guidelines, and the promotion of digital literacy in educational settings. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of addressing challenges such as resource constraints and privacy concerns to facilitate the effective integration of AI into education. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into current educational practices regarding AI. By employing a mixed methodology approach, the study offers a comprehensive understanding of the subject, identifying common practices and challenges. Moreover, the research suggests practical recommendations for promoting the responsible use of AI in education and calls for further exploration of innovative approaches in this field.

SCOT analysis of implementing One Health Approach from the stakeholders’ perspective in Puducherry, South India

BackgroundThe implementation of the One Health (OH) approach improves the prevention and control of zoonotic diseases and ensures a better understanding of the emergence of infectious diseases. ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the key stakeholders’ knowledge of the One Health concept and assess attitudes toward the need for collaboration and explore the viewpoints of stakeholders regarding One Health Collaboration. MethodsIt is an explanatory mixed-method study conducted in the Puducherry district, South India. The study involved quantitative data collection among 70 stakeholders from various departments using quota sampling. Followed by qualitative data exploration of the viewpoints of stakeholders on One Health Collaboration through key informant interviews among 10 key stakeholders selected using purposive sampling. Knowledge of the stakeholders on One Health was assessed by using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Knowledge and attitudes were summarized as frequency and percentage. A manual content analysis of the transcripts of the interviews was done. ResultA total of 70 (Male-55.7 % & female-44.3 %) stakeholders were included in the study. 57.1 % of the stakeholders heard about One Health and the rest did not know. A few numbers of stakeholders (18.8 %) were aware of the formal connection between various departments. 86%of stakeholders suggested that intersectoral coordination is very much needed at the grass root level. The interviews found that a lack of standard guidelines, weak political commitment, poor departmental coordination, and a lack of community awareness were the most frequent challenges encountered. ConclusionThe operationalization of OH could be enhanced by providing standard guidelines and ensuring the coordination between the stakeholders.

How Do First-Year Engineering Students’ Emotions Change while Working on Programming Problems?

Emotions are a complex multi-faceted phenomenon. To assess the complexity of emotions from different facets, multi-modal approaches are necessary. However, multi-modal approaches are rarely used for assessing emotions, especially in the context of computer programming. This study adopts a multi-modal approach to understand the changes in students’ perception of emotions before and after working on programming problems. Understanding these changes in students’ perceptions may enable educators to devise interventions that help students adjust their perceptions and regulate their emotions as per their skills. We conducted a one-on-one programming session and retrospective think-aloud interview with 17 students from an introductory programming course. During the programming session, students filled surveys and performed four programming tasks. While working on these tasks, students’ eye gaze, video of face and screen, and electrodermal activity data were also collected using a non-invasive device. The data collection for this study was multi-modal, with a mix of both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Data analysis was primarily qualitative, with additional triangulation of qualitative and biometric data for select exemplars. The findings of this study suggest that students experience changes in emotions because of many reasons, for instance, they encountered repeated errors, they set high standards for their performance, or they could not manage time. For some students, negative emotions changed to positive emotions when they solved errors without any external help or achieved more than what they expected going into the task. Moreover, the triangulation of qualitative and biometric data of two participants provides a fine-grained analysis of their emotions and behaviors and confirmed the change in the perception of their emotions while performing the programming tasks.

Language Instructors’ Perceptions on the Utilization of English as an International Language in English-Speaking Instruction

This study examined the attitudes of English as an International Language (EIL) instructors in Saudi Arabia and its impact on their beliefs. A blend of qualitative and quantitative approaches was used. The collection of quantitative data was done through a Likert scale questionnaire, while the collection of qualitative data was done through semi-structured interviews. For the quantitative data, participants responded to around 50 % of the questions, viewed a short film, and then responded to the remaining questions. The short film introduced the participants to the notion of EIL. The sample comprised 66 university-level English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teacher teaching in a Saudi university. Then, to get a deeper comprehension of the responses, four participants, consisting of two male and two female EFL instructors, were interviewed. The quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS. The qualitative data were analyzed manually. Findings from this study indicated that most participants had positive views about EIL, with 74.2% agreeing they received enough English instruction for EIL training and 68.3% considering EIL in classroom activities. In addition, academics appeared receptive to EIL speaking training, arguing that English is a communicative language regardless of the accent. The study suggests that exposure to EIL-speaking instruction positively affects teaching practices and increases students' confidence. The findings suggest that instructors should be introduced to the EIL concept to enhance pedagogy, encouraging students to focus on developing their speaking skills in general.

Influencing Factors on Students' Behavior in an Educational Context: Basis for Intervention Program

This study aims to identify the factors that influence students' behavior in an educational setting to inform intervention programs. The study will use an Explanatory Sequential Design, a type of mixed methods research design that combines qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. The study will involve two hundred ninety-seven Level II Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students at Southwestern University-PHINMA, selected through purposive sampling.

Exploring Hepatitis B Vaccination Compliance, Knowledge, and Attitudes among Preclinical Medical Students: A Study at Kampala International University Western Campus

This study delves into the hepatitis B vaccination landscape among preclinical medical students at Kampala International University Western Campus, aiming to illuminate compliance, knowledge, and attitudes toward vaccination. Employing a robust cross-sectional study design and quantitative data collection methods, 296 participants were randomly selected and surveyed. Results unveiled a concerning low compliance rate of 46.28%, indicative of potential gaps in vaccination coverage within this high-risk cohort. Nonetheless, a notable 69.81% expressed willingness to receive the vaccine, hinting at a latent potential for heightened compliance. While 66.22% of students demonstrated adequate knowledge, a significant 33.78% exhibited knowledge gaps, underscoring the need for targeted educational initiatives. Despite apprehensions regarding side effects and cost, attitudes toward vaccination remained largely positive, with 90.54% affirming its safety and effectiveness. These findings spotlight the imperative for tailored interventions to bolster vaccination rates, rectify knowledge deficits, and mitigate barriers to compliance among preclinical medical students. Keywords: Hepatitis B virus infection; Vaccination compliance; vaccinated students; Hepatitis B vaccine; and medical students.

EXPLORING THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PROMOTING ENGLISH LANGUAGE PRONUNCIATION SKILLS

This research examines the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing learners' English pronunciation skills. The participants were 78 English language learners at the elementary and pre-intermediate levels, and 19 experienced English language teachers. The researchers employed a mixed-method approach, integrating both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, to comprehensively assess the efficacy of AI-based pronunciation aids and gauge learners' perceptions. During a course of two months, the experimental group used Listnr and Murf AI tools, while the control group adhered to a conventional instruction. The data were taken from pre- and post-test pronunciation scores, questionnaire responses, and interviews with the individuals. The findings of the pre- and post-test indicated that the participants in the experimental group had significant improvements in their pronunciation accuracy. The participants in the study had mostly favorable attitudes towards AI-driven tools, emphasizing their effectiveness in enhancing pronunciation skills, boosting confidence, and promoting engagement. Nevertheless, several obstacles pertaining to the interpretation of feedback and the capture of subtle differences in pronunciation were recognized. This research has shown how AI can potentially be used to teach pronunciation effectively, and it has provided valuable insights for teachers, curriculum developers, and learners.

Investigating Educators’ and Students’ Perspectives on Virtual Reality Enhanced Teaching in Preschool

AbstractRecent developments in technology have introduced new tools, such as virtual reality, into the learning process. Although virtual reality appears to be a promising technology for education and has been adopted by a few schools worldwide, we still do not know students’ and educators’ opinions, preferences, and challenges with it, particularly in relation to preschool education. Therefore, this study: (a) analyzes the preferences of 175 children aged 3 to 6 years regarding traditional teaching compared to enhanced teaching with virtual reality and (b) captures educators’ perspectives on virtual reality technology. This evaluation of virtual reality took place in 12 Greek preschool classrooms. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods were used for data collection. Specifically, regarding the qualitative data collection, the study included semi-structured interviews with the participating educators, oriented by 2 axes: (a) preschoolers’ motivation and engagement in virtual reality activities, and (b) virtual reality technology prospects and difficulties as an educational tool in a real class. Regarding the quantitative data collection, specially designed questionnaires were used. Bootstrapping was utilized with 1000 samples to strengthen the statistical analysis. The analysis of the students’ responses indicated a statistically significant difference in preference in favor of virtual reality enhanced teaching compared to a traditional method. Statistically significant differences were also observed regarding gender. Furthermore, based on the educators’ answers and comments, difficulties were encountered initially but eventually, virtual reality was regarded as an effective approach for educational purposes. However, concerns arose among educators as to whether this technology could adequately promote preschoolers’ cooperative skills.

The effectiveness of online teaching and learning compared to in-person instruction in science for junior secondary students: a case study in the Kurunegala education zone

Schools and Universities in Sri Lanka have been closed intermittently during the past three years due to COVID-19 and fuel shortages. During this period, in-person teaching became impossible, and online teaching was developed. However, schools have been reopened for in-person teaching and learning at present. In contrast, other countries adopted both methods, online and in-person. It was noticed that a decline in test scores among junior secondary students in some education zones during online learning. This study aimed to assess and compare the effectiveness of online and in-person teaching and learning science among junior secondary students in a selected school within the Kurunegala education zone. The study objectives were to 1). conduct both online and in-person science lessons for two groups separately and compare grade-eight students' performance in both settings; 2) compare teacher-student interaction, learning resources, peer group interaction, and motivation in both sittings; and 3) make suggestions for effective teaching and learning process. Two equally weighted courses were used to teach the two groups. Convenience sample of 72 Grade 8 students was used in the data collection with mixed methods approach. Pre-tests, post-tests, and questionnaires were used in the quantitative data collection. Qualitative data were collected via interviews with ten randomly selected students. The findings revealed that the performance scores of in-person group in Unit 4 (Properties of Matter) of grade-eight Science evaluation were slightly higher than that of online group. Both groups demonstrated similar performance levels in Unit 8 (Changes in Matter). However, in-person teaching exhibited significantly higher scores (p < 0.05) than the online group for factors such as teacher-student interaction, peer group interaction, learning resources, and motivation. Students achieved high results in both settings but needed more resources, reliable internet facilities, and adequate technology skills for online teaching and learning. The study suggests adapting effective instructional methods, technology usage, resource availability, training, participation, peer interactions, and monitoring well-being for effective online science teaching.

Lean six sigma 4.0 methodology for optimizing occupational exams in operations management

PurposeThis paper explores Lean Six Sigma principles and the DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, control) methodology to propose a new Lean Six Sigma 4.0 (LSS 4.0) framework for employee occupational exams and address the real-world issue of high-variability exams that may arise.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses mixed methods, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection. A detailed case study assesses the impact of LSS interventions on the exam management process and tests the applicability of the proposed LSS 4.0 framework for employee occupational exams.FindingsThe results reveal that changing the health service supplier in the explored organization caused a substantial raise in occupational exams, leading to increased costs. By using syntactic interoperability, lean, six sigma and DMAIC approaches, improvements were identified, addressing process deviations and information requirements. Implementing corrective actions improved the exam process, reducing the number of exams and associated expenses.Research limitations/implicationsIt is important to acknowledge certain limitations, such as the specific context of the case study and the exclusion of certain exam categories.Practical implicationsThe practical implications of this research are substantial, providing organizations with valuable managerial insights into improving efficiency, reducing costs and ensuring regulatory compliance while managing occupational exams.Originality/valueThis study fills a research gap by applying LSS 4.0 to occupational exam management, offering a practical framework for organizations. It contributes to the existing knowledge base by addressing a relatively novel context and providing a detailed roadmap for process optimization.

Enhancing inclusive physical activity for students with disabilities: Patterns and opportunities

Physical activities and sports (PAS) participation primarily aim to contribute to enhancing the basic motor skills of students and their physical competencies to directly promote the behavioral, cognitive, and social skills of students to help enhance their future physical activity patterns. Regular physical activity participation among children with disabilities greatly fosters independence, coping abilities, competitiveness, and teamwork. Although active physical activities are beneficial, children with disabilities’ participation in physical activities has been reported to be little as a result of students’ disabilities and their lack of opportunities for participation. However, literature is yet to report on the types of PAS regularly participated in by students with disabilities, how frequently they engage in such activities, and how long a time they spend during their participation. This current study employed an explanatory sequential mixed method design that helped in the collection of both quantitative data (questionnaire) and qualitative data (interviews) from 194 (comprising 68.0% male and 32.0% female) students with disabilities and three teachers on types of PAS students with disabilities mostly participate in, how frequent and how long a time they spend during PAS participation. The findings of this study revealed students very often participate in physical activities in different activities for a long period as long as activities are made available, and opportunities provided. It is, therefore, recommended that not only should disability-friendly physical activities and sporting events be organized frequently and encouraged among students in special schools, but stakeholders should make opportunities available to students to participate.