Quality Of Organic Fertilizer Research Articles

PEMANFAATAN SERABUT KELAPA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PUPUK ORGANIK DARI AMPAS TAHU

Organic fertilizer production with the use of coconut fiber to improve the quality of organic fertilizer has been done. This study aims to determine the increase in the quality of organic fertilizer pulp by utilizing coconut fibers in increasing the porosity of raw materials. Utilizing combination EM4 bioindicator and Starbio bioindicator to improve the process of decomposition of organic matter are applied in this research. This research use experiment method by comparing the quality of the fertilizer from tofu dregs only with the quality of the fertilizer tofu dregs that is adding by massa variations of coconut fibers. Bioindikator combination of EM4 and starbio also studied in this research. The result of this research showed that by using 7.5 grams of coconut fibers can increase the organic matter decomposition process. Combination of EM4 bioindicator and Stabio bioindicator also can increase decomposition process so the percentage of organic material in the organic fertilizer are on the threshold by SNI, namely 54,72%.Kata Kunci: ampas tahu, fermentasi, pupuk, serabut kelapa

The Strategy for Improving Quality of Organic Fertilizer in Integrated Waste Disposal Sites Diponegoro University Towards Commercial Fertilizer

The Strategy for Improving Quality of Organic Fertilizer in Integrated Waste Disposal Sites Diponegoro University Towards Commercial Fertilizer

Evaluating Feasibility of Producing Fermented Organic Fertilizer with Vegetable Waste

Food waste (FW) has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently utilize or treat FW. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with vegetable waste (VW). Three different organic materials (saw dust, coco peat, and waste mushroom media) were mixed with VW at the rate of 30, 40, 50% respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 35 days and each sub samples were collected at every 5 days from starting of composting. Result showed that inner temperature of composting was increased to 60±4°C within 5~10 days depending on varied organic materials and mixing ratio. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed when 30% of saw dust was mixed with VW. After finishing composting experiment, maturity of each compost was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 57.83~101.16 depending on organic materials and mixing ratio. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was met for fertilizer criteria while control (VW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, VW can be utilized for making organic fertilizer mixing with saw dust, coco peat and more research should be conducted to make high quality of organic fertilizer with vegetable waste.

Production of quality organic fertilizer using firewood ash and tea residues produced from tea factories in Sri Lanka

Production of quality organic fertilizer using firewood ash and tea residues produced from tea factories in Sri Lanka

Strategy of Waste Management at Poultry Farming Enterprises Based on Introduction of Best Available Techniques for Dung Processing

The authors described the problem of environmental safety control at intensive poultry farming, which will be a deterrent for its further development in the nearest future. The authors described main changes in environmental legislation aimed at improvement of the standardization system for negative impact on the environment and introduction of best available techniques. Two strategies of waste management were considered, one of them allows utilizing the time of 'loyal' environmental requirements for modernization of production in waste processing industry and obtaining secondary products – high quality organic fertilizers. At this, scientifically grounded reasonable approach to selection of a technology for production of organic fertilizers that will allow to implement the principle "waste to income".

Evaluation of Beach Wrack for Use as an Organic Fertilizer: Temporal Survey in Different Areas

We analysed the chemical composition of beach wrack (drift seaweed) to evaluate its potential for use as an organic fertilizer. For this purpose, two very different areas were selected for collecting samples of the material: a partially enclosed bay that is subjected to a high level of anthropogenic pressure and an open sea area. We sampled 13 beaches in these sites over a period of 1 year and analysed both the bulk (unseparated) samples and the constituent species. Beach wrack appears to be a potentially good material for producing high quality organic fertilizers, and the concentrations of N and K (especially in brown seaweeds) and of micronutrients (such as B) were particularly high. However, systematic collection of drift seaweed is difficult because of the seasonal variability in its presence. Furthermore, the low concentrations of P and the presence of extraneous matter in beach wrack collected in areas affected by anthropogenic pressure may limit use of the material. The temporal variability in the concentrations of certain nutrients must also be taken into account when using the beach wrack as a fertilizer. The concentrations of toxic metals in the material must be evaluated, particularly in areas subjected to high levels of anthropogenic pressure. Finally, the sustainability of beach wrack exploitation must be considered, as the material fulfils an ecological function as a habitat and resource for some beach-dwelling species.

Pengaruh Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Pupuk Organik Padat Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Cabai Merah, Bawang Merah, dan Bawang Daun

The importance of organic fertilizers in a crop cultivation is to restore land productivity and reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers. Various ways has been developed to create quality organic fertilizer, for plants vegetables such as red chili, shallots and leek with low input. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of some kind of solid organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of red chili, shallots and leek, and to know the best organic fertilizer for each type plants. The experimental design used is Split Plot Design with the basic design of Randomized Complete Design Blockwith 3 replications as blocks. The main plots consisted of 3 species of plant vegetables. The subplot consisted of 5 kinds of solid organic fertilizer and without any treatments as control. There were 18 plots per block or the totals were 54 plots. The results showed that aplication of several types of solid organic fertilizer signifi cantly increased the growth and yield of red chilli, shallot and leek. Solid organic fertilizer from community A showed that the highest signifi cantly increased the growth and yield of red chilli. Combination of organic fertilizer and Rock Phosphate (RP) 2.4 ton / ha showed the highest growth and yield of leek. Combination of organic fertilizer and K-feldspar 0.6 ton / ha showed the highest growth and yield of shallot

Distinct soil microbial diversity under long-term organic and conventional farming.

Low-input agricultural systems aim at reducing the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in order to improve sustainable production and ecosystem health. Despite the integral role of the soil microbiome in agricultural production, we still have a limited understanding of the complex response of microbial diversity to organic and conventional farming. Here we report on the structural response of the soil microbiome to more than two decades of different agricultural management in a long-term field experiment using a high-throughput pyrosequencing approach of bacterial and fungal ribosomal markers. Organic farming increased richness, decreased evenness, reduced dispersion and shifted the structure of the soil microbiota when compared with conventionally managed soils under exclusively mineral fertilization. This effect was largely attributed to the use and quality of organic fertilizers, as differences became smaller when conventionally managed soils under an integrated fertilization scheme were examined. The impact of the plant protection regime, characterized by moderate and targeted application of pesticides, was of subordinate importance. Systems not receiving manure harboured a dispersed and functionally versatile community characterized by presumably oligotrophic organisms adapted to nutrient-limited environments. Systems receiving organic fertilizer were characterized by specific microbial guilds known to be involved in degradation of complex organic compounds such as manure and compost. The throughput and resolution of the sequencing approach permitted to detect specific structural shifts at the level of individual microbial taxa that harbours a novel potential for managing the soil environment by means of promoting beneficial and suppressing detrimental organisms.

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PETERNAKAN DALAM KONSEP PERTANIAN TERPADU GUNA MEWUJUDKAN PERTANIAN YANG BERKELANJUTAN

<p>Utilization of farm wastes in order to realize the concept of integrated farming is a sustainable agriculture community service program in cooperation with two partners, namely : ( 1 ) quail - catfish Breeders 'Agribird', and ( 2 ) dairy farms and agricultural businesses " Andini Mulyo ". This service activities conducted through outreach / awareness, mentoring and manufacture of demonstration plots. Preparation of demonstration plots to make an example of earthworm cultivation ( vermikultur ) and the making of silage. Testing vermicompost and organic fertilizer from cow dung to plant corn and kale using plots measuring 50 x 9 meters, divided into 3 blocks, each 3 x 50 meters. Outcome in the form of products include : Biomass earthworm number 5 Kg / month ; Vermicompost 50 Kg ; Silage, 300 Kg once manufacture ; and quality organic fertilizer from cow dung, 600 kg / process. Outcome in the form of a test product to the plant : the use of manure, vermicompost fertilizer in Litosol very real increase maize crop which includes fresh weight of corn stover, corn stover dry weight and dry weight of seed corn ; the use of manure and fertilizer plants in the ground grumosol not significantly different with kale stover fresh weight, while the use of vermicompost highly significant increase stover fresh weight of spinach.</p>

Evaluation of Municipal Solid Wastes Utilization in Organic Fertilizer Production Using Bioreactor-Vermi Technology

Surigao del Sur State University has been utilizing the Bioreactor-VermiTechnology through accelerated composting processes in response to theincreasing concern about the amount and management of Municipal Solid Wastes(MSW) and sustainable farming in the municipalities of Tagbina and Barobo,Surigao del Sur, Philippines. The major focus was to evaluate the potential ofBioreactor-Vermi Technology to reduce municipal solid wastes and the potentialof the organic fertilizer produced from these wastes for sustainable farming. Adescriptive research design was utilized in this study employing multiple datacollection techniques which include characterization of compostable solidwastes, their sources, amount of wastes utilized for composting and the amountand quality of organic fertilizer produced. Results revealed that using bioreactor-vermi technology; the biodegradable MSW in the two municipalities is reducedto 6.68% producing 300 tons of organic fertilizers in five years operation utilizedby 200 farmers for the cultivation of various crops within and outside the twomunicipalities. Organic fertilizer produced is in acceptable level for sustainablefarming. As the major composition of waste is organic, waste treatment optionslike bioreactor-vermi composting is effective in reducing municipal solidwastes and producing organic fertilizer for sustainable farming not only in thePhilippines but all over the world.Keywords: Environmental Education, emerging technologies, solid waste utilization,descriptive-evaluative design, Philippines

Biotransformation of Biodegradable Solid Wastes into Organic Fertilizers using Composting or/and Vermicomposting

This review discusses the differences between composting and vermicomposting of biodegradable solid waste. Solid waste management is a major challenge worldwide due to the rise in population and industrialization, leading to larger amount of solid wastes being generated. Biological process has been widely recognized in converting solid organic materials into environmental friendly and value added products. Both composting and vermicomposting are regarded as a suitable way to manage organic waste because it not only helps solve the problem of waste disposal but also produces useful bio-amendment agent (organic fertilizer). In general, vermicomposting is a more superior process as compared to composting. This is because vermicomposting has higher organic matter decomposition rate and nutrients contents of final product. Besides, vermicompost produced higher concentration of hormones and enzymes that could stimulate plant growth and discourage plant pathogens. However, recent studies indicated that a successful combination between composting and vermicomposting has been considered as a possible way to obtain a better quality organic fertilizer. The suggestion to combine both systems is based on the premise that composting enables sanitization and elimination of toxic compounds from the solid wastes, while the subsequent or preceded vermicomposting rapidly reduces particle size and increases nutrient availability to the plants.

Evaluating of selected parameters of composting process by composting of grape pomace

In Europe, there is annually available 8 million tons of grape pomace. From the viewpoint of waste management, pomace represents biotic waste produced in the FDM (Food–Drink–Milk) sector. Composting process represents an effective use of grape pomace. Introduced experiment deals with monitoring of the composting process of grape pomace provided by 2 different variants of different composition of composting piles. Obtained results indicate that dynamics of process is affected by the share of raw materials. According to the temperature curve characteristics, the temperature above 45 °C for at least 5 days was necessary for compost sanitation. Such temperature was achieved in piles with higher proportion of pomace (Var.II). Analysis of results shows that the compost made ​​of grape pomace is a quality organic fertilizer, which may have in addition to agronomic point of view also great hygienic and ecological importance.

Novel resource utilization of refloated algal sludge to improve the quality of organic fertilizer

Without further management, large amounts of refloated algal sludge from Taihu Lake to retrieve nitrogen and phosphorus resources may result in serious secondary environmental pollution. The possibility of utilization of algal sludge to improve the quality of organic fertilizer was investigated in this study. Variations of physicochemical properties, germination index (GI) and microcystin (MC) content were analysed during the composting process. The results showed that the addition of algal sludge improved the contents of nutrients, common free amino acids and total common amino acids in the novel organic fertilizer. Rapid degradation rates of MC-LR and MC-RR, a high GI value and more abundance of culturable protease-producing bacteria were observed during the composting process added with algal sludge. Growth experiments showed that the novel organic fertilizer efficiently promoted plant growth. This study provides a novel resource recovery method to reclaim the Taihu Lake algal sludge and highlights a novel method to produce a high-quality organic fertilizer.

THE EFFECT OF FERMENTATION METHOD, MICROBES INOCULATION AND CARBON SOURCE PROPORTION ON THE QUALITY OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER MADE FROM LIQUID WASTES OF CHICKEN SLAUGHTERHOUSE

This study was to examine the effect of fermentation, inoculation, and the proportion of carbonsources on the quality of organic fertilizer made from fermentation of liquid waste collected fromchicken slaughterhouse in Jakarta area. The parameters being tested included fermentation, microbialinoculation, and carbon source proportion. The observations were made after three weeks offermentation on the color, odor, pH, contents of elements C, NH4, NO3, total-N, P2O5, K2O andpathogenic microbes (Fusarium sp., Coletotrichum sp., Salmonella sp. and Eschercia coli). The fertilizerwere implemented for green chinese cabbage in six locations. It was found that the aerobic fermentationsystem combined with inoculation of the decomposer microbes (Lactobacillus spp.) and the addition20% (v/v) of a carbon source was the most appropriate method of fermentation in the production ofliquid organic fertilizers from liquid waste of chicken slaughterhouse. The quality of the fertilizer whichis based on physical, chemical and biological characteristics and crop responses still less than the similarcommercial fertilizer (EM4). Nevertheless, the nitrogen and phosphor contents of this liquid fertilizer(92,000 ppm and 143,000 ppm) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the EM4 (0.07 and 3.22 ppm).

BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM AMARANTH BIOMASS

Abstract Energy variety of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) was grown in large-scale trials in order to verify the capability of its cultivation and use as a renewable energy source in a biogas plant. The possibility of biogas production using anaerobic co-fermentation of manure and amaranth silage was verified in the experimental horizontal fermentor of 5 m3 volume, working at mesophilic conditions of 38-40 °C. The goal of the work was also to identify the optimum conditions for growth, harvesting and preservation of amaranth biomass, to optimize biogas production process, and to test the residual slurry from digestion process as a high quality organic fertilizer. The average yield of green amaranth biomass was 51.66 t.ha-1 with dry matter content of 37%. Based on the reached results it can be concluded that amaranth silage, solely or together with another organic materials of agricultural origin, is a suitable raw material for biogas production.

Zero Point of Charge of Various Organic Fertilizer : The Effect on Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Degraded Lands

Title : Zero Point of Charge of Various Organic Fertilizer : The Effect on Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Degraded Lands. Zero Point of Charge (ZPC) is an important variable in describing the mechanism of reversible surface charge primarily on weathered soil dominated by variable charge. ZPC is a certain pH when the surface charge is electrically neutral or zero (pHo). The presence of organic matter effect on the nature of the charge in the soil. Research goals include: 1). Obtaining information kinds of organic fertilizer with low of pHo, 2) Knowing the behavior of pHo and net charge of soil, 3) Knowing the influence of pHo on the soil cation exchange capacity. This study is an experimental functional relationship variables approach through experiments. The experiments were conducted at Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret Univercity. The basic design used was completely randomized design of a single factor. The treatment is done as follows: P0 = soil without the addition of organic fertilizers, P1 = soil with the addition of cow manure 5 tons / ha, P2 = soil with the addition of chicken manure 5 tons / ha, P3 = soil with the addition of quail manure s 5 tons/ ha, P4 = soil with the addition of goat manure 5 tons / ha, P5 = soil with the addition of bokashi 5 tons / ha, P6 = soil with the addition of rice straw compost 5 tons / ha, P7 = soil by adding compost hyacinth 5 ton / ha. P8 = soil by adding compost of Titonia 5 tons / ha and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Analysis of the quality of organic fertilizers include: levels of lignin and polyphenols, C/N, pH , pHo, humic acid and fulvic acid. The soil analysis includes the C-organic soil, total N, C / N, pH , pHo, CEC. The results showed that the zero point of charge (pHo) is the lowest organic fertilizer chicken manure (4.52). Obtained a close relationship between the difference in pH H2O with pHo with cation exchange capacity. Highest cation exchange capacity achieved in the treatment of chicken manure.

Zero Point of Charge of Various Organic Fertilizer : The Effect on Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Degraded Lands

Title : Zero Point of Charge of Various Organic Fertilizer : The Effect on Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Degraded Lands. Zero Point of Charge (ZPC) is an important variable in describing the mechanism of reversible surface charge primarily on weathered soil dominated by variable charge. ZPC is a certain pH when the surface charge is electrically neutral or zero (pHo). The presence of organic matter effect on the nature of the charge in the soil. Research goals include: 1). Obtaining information kinds of organic fertilizer with low of pHo, 2) Knowing the behavior of pHo and net charge of soil, 3) Knowing the influence of pHo on the soil cation exchange capacity. This study is an experimental functional relationship variables approach through experiments. The experiments were conducted at Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret Univercity. The basic design used was completely randomized design of a single factor. The treatment is done as follows: P0 = soil without the addition of organic fertilizers, P1 = soil with the addition of cow manure 5 tons / ha, P2 = soil with the addition of chicken manure 5 tons / ha, P3 = soil with the addition of quail manure s 5 tons/ ha, P4 = soil with the addition of goat manure 5 tons / ha, P5 = soil with the addition of bokashi 5 tons / ha, P6 = soil with the addition of rice straw compost 5 tons / ha, P7 = soil by adding compost hyacinth 5 ton / ha. P8 = soil by adding compost of Titonia 5 tons / ha and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Analysis of the quality of organic fertilizers include: levels of lignin and polyphenols, C/N, pH , pHo, humic acid and fulvic acid. The soil analysis includes the C-organic soil, total N, C / N, pH , pHo, CEC. The results showed that the zero point of charge (pHo) is the lowest organic fertilizer chicken manure (4.52). Obtained a close relationship between the difference in pH H2O with pHo with cation exchange capacity. Highest cation exchange capacity achieved in the treatment of chicken manure.

RESPUESTA AGRONÓMICA DE Zea mays L. y Phaseolus vulgaris L. A LA FERTILIZACIÓN CON COMPOST

Composting is an ecological technology which constitutes a way to reusing and biotransforming organic materials as well as their subsequent application in soil. The quality of organic fertilizer is determined from the nutritional content and the ability to provide nutrients to a crop. Based on an organic material composting mix, (coffee pulp, banana waste, chicken and cattle manure) coming from the coffee farms located in the department of Cundinamarca, chemical and biological indicators were determined and compared. In addition, through a bioassay, using two species with high food and feed potential, corn (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the effect of compost on agronomic parameters and productivity in both crops was assessed. Seven treatments were evaluated [chemical fertilizer (Q), mixture 1 (Mz1), mixture 2 (Mz2), mixture 3 (Mz3), control without fertilizer (SF), commercial organic fertilizer (AOC)], based on the determination of chemical parameters (MO, CO, macro and micronutrients). In the bioassay with corn (Zea mays L.), Q and Mz1 obtained the highest parameters during the vegetative stage; in the flowering stage, Mz3 obtained the best values in the parameters. In beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the vegeteative stage treatments, Q and Mz1 were the best, without showing statistical differences among them. In the flowering and harvesting phase, Mz2 obtained a better response. In conclusion, organic fertilizers are a viable and sustainable alternative tested under field conditions.

Key Technologies for Ecological Treatment on Livestock Feeding Residue

A rapid development of intensive livestock and poultry, results in a large number of Aquaculture wastes, it is increasing important that timely consumptive farming wastes, and reduces environmental pollution on protection ecological environment and improving recycling agriculture. In this study, cattle, pigs, sheep, chickens and ducks five categories manure were as material, and it carried out that microbial agents used in compost, equipment, process and control software, and especially passivation of heavy metal residues in manure, degradation technology of estrogen and antibiotics of pollutants. As final, two kind products such as a high—quality organic fertilizer and gardening products, were produced with a better benefits on economic, ecological and social.

Analyzing Indicator Microorganisms, Antibiotic ResistantEscherichia coli, and Regrowth Potential of Foodborne Pathogens in Various Organic Fertilizers

This study analyzed various organic fertilizers for indicator microorganisms, pathogens, and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli, and evaluated the growth potential of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in fertilizers. A microbiological survey was conducted on 103 organic fertilizers from across the United States. Moisture content ranged from approximately 1% to 86.4%, and the average pH was 7.77. The total aerobic mesophiles ranged from approximately 3 to 9 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g. Enterobacteriaceae populations were in the range of <1 to approximately 7 log CFU/g, while coliform levels varied from <1 to approximately 6 log CFU/g. Thirty samples (29%) were positive for E. coli, with levels reaching approximately 6 log CFU/g. There were no confirmed positives for E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, or Listeria monocytogenes. The majority of E. coli isolates (n=73), confirmed by glutamate decarboxylase (gad) PCR, were from group B1 (48%) and group A (32%). Resistance to 16 antibiotics was examined for 73 E. coli isolates, with 11 isolates having resistance to at least one antibiotic, 5 isolates to ≥ 2 antibiotics, and 2 isolates to ≥ 10 antibiotics. In the presence of high levels of background aerobic mesophiles, Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 grew approximately 1 log CFU/g within 1 day of incubation in plant-based compost and fish emulsion-based compost, respectively. With low levels of background aerobic mesophiles, Salmonella grew approximately 2.6, 3.0, 3.0, and 3.2 log CFU/g in blood, bone, and feather meals and the mixed-source fertilizer, respectively, whereas E. coli O157:H7 grew approximately 4.6, 4.0, 4.0, and 4.8 log CFU/g, respectively. Our results revealed that the microbiological quality of organic fertilizers varies greatly, with some fertilizers containing antibiotic resistant E. coli and a few supporting the growth of foodborne pathogens after reintroduction into the fertilizer.