Message Quality Research Articles

Expert cues: how expert reviewers are perceived online

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore different types of source expertise and how they influence perceived message quality. Consumers face the challenge to identify valuable online reviews. Source expertise as a signal of message quality can be displayed differently, depending on website layout, operator and review author.Design/methodology/approachTwo scenario-based experiments were conducted questioning 135 and 275 participants. They investigate the effect of different types of expert reviewers on perceived message quality and also examine the interplay of source expertise and source trustworthiness.FindingsThe findings reveal that the different types of expert reviewers differ in perceived expertise and their impact on perceived message quality. Claims of expertise induce the highest perceived expertise compared to the other expert types and non-experts, but are perceived as less trustworthy.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should examine the influence of the expert types across different product and service categories and could also include moderating influences that reflect how consumers process expert cues differently.Practical implicationsCues that signal high expertise and high trustworthiness are likely to deliver the most valuable online reviews. This should be incorporated in the website's layout to help consumers find valuable information.Originality/valueThe approach of this research is novel in that it undertakes comparisons between three types of expert cues and non-experts. It also addresses the interplay of source expertise and trustworthiness and examines the effect on message quality.

Effecs of Electronic Word of Mouth Perceptions on Alzahra University Brand Image

The present study is the first research that examines the impact of electronic word of mouth and the image of the university brand on university selection by postgraduate students. Evaluated variables of electronic word of mouth include source credibility, message quality, message quantity, and message recipient characteristics. As the rank of students on entrance exam is an important factor in students making decision about choosing a university, this is considered as a moderator variable in the proposed model. The statistical population of this study is graduate and postgraduate students. Using stratified cluster sampling method, 384 questionnaires distributed among postgraduates studying at ten major faculties of Alzahra University. The data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling. The results of this study indicate that the message quality, message quantity and the characteristics of the message recipient have a positive and meaningful effect, while due to the lack of ranking; the validity of the source has a negative impact on the acceptance of electronic word of mouth. The quality of the message is the most effective dimension in accepting electronic recommendations. Also, the rank of students as a moderating variable has moderate intensity effect in the master degree and high intensity in doctoral degree on university selection. The Faculty of Theology, among other faculties of Alzahra University, had the best image of the Alzahra University brand. The bisexuality of Alzahra University is positively assessed in the formation of mental image. So, it should be used as an advantage in gaining a competitive advantage and the university brand strategy.

What to Say When Seeking Support Online: A Comparison Among Different Levels of Self-Disclosure.

The current study examined the effect of exposure to online support-seeking posts containing different levels of depth self-disclosure (baseline, peripheral, core) affecting the quality (person-centeredness and politeness) of participants’ support-provision messages. Participants of the study were assigned to the role of a support-provider. Compared to participants who read support-seeking posts with baseline and core self-disclosure, participants who read support-seeking posts with peripheral self-disclosure rated the support-seekers as less anonymous. Compared to participants who read support-seeking posts in the baseline condition, participants who read the support-seeking posts with peripheral self-disclosure wrote support-provision messages with higher level of person-centeredness and politeness. Participants’ perceived anonymity of the support-seekers mediated the effect of the depth of self-disclosure on the politeness of the response messages.

The Effects of Corrective Communication and Employee Backup on the Effectiveness of Fighting Crisis Misinformation

Crisis misinformation, including false information about a crisis or a crisis-stricken organization, has become a fundamental threat to organizational wellbeing. Effective crisis response geared toward fighting crisis misinformation demands a more systematic approach to corrective communication. Grounded in misinformation debunking theory, this study aims to advance misinformation research in public relations and organizational crisis communication. An online experiment using a U.S. adult sample (N = 817) was conducted to examine the effects of corrective communication strategy (simple rebuttal vs. factual elaboration) and employee backup (present vs. absent) on perceived message quality, organizational reputation, and perceived crisis responsibility. Results show: 1) the use of factual elaboration and the presence of employee backup were direct contributors to crisis response effectiveness; and 2) perceived message quality mediates the effect of corrective communication. This study provides insights into advancing crisis communication theory and offers evidence-based recommendations for practitioners to combat crisis misinformation more effectively.

Prevention of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections by Geofencing and Contextualized Messages With a Gamified App, UBESAFE: Design and Creation Study.

BackgroundAdvances in the development of information and communication technologies have facilitated social and sexual interrelationships, thanks to the websites and apps created to this end. However, these resources can also encourage sexual contacts without appropriate preventive measures in relation to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). How can users be helped to benefit from the advantages of these apps while keeping in mind those preventive measures?ObjectiveThis study aimed to prevent STIs by helping users to remember preventive measures in the risky situations.MethodsWe have used the design and creation methodology and have developed a software system. This system has two parts: an Android operating system app with emphasis on ubiquitous computing and gamification as well as a server with a webpage. First, a functional test with 5 men who have sex with men (MSM) allowed us to test the app with end users. In addition, a feasibility test with 4 MSM for a month allowed us to try the UBESAFE system with all its functionalities.ResultsThe main output is a system called UBESAFE that is addressed to MSM. The system has two main parts: (1) an app that sends preventive contextualized messages to users when they use a contact app or when they are near a point where sexual contacts are likely and (2) a server part that was managed by the public health agency of Barcelona (ASPB), which preserves the quality and pertinence of messages and places and offers instant help to users. To increase users’ adherence, UBESAFE uses a gamified system to engage users in the creation of preventive messages. Users increased the initial pool of messages by more than 100% (34/30) and created more than 56% (9/16) of places (named hot zones).ConclusionsThe system helped MSM who used it to become conscious about HIV and other STIs. The system also helped the ASPB to stay in contact with MSM and to detect behaviors that could benefit from preventive measures. All functions were performed in a nonintrusive manner because users used the app privately. Furthermore, the system has shown how important it is to make users a part of the creation process as well as to develop apps that work by themselves and thus become useful to the users.

СИСТЕМИ ЗАХОПЛЕННЯ РУХУ В ДОДАНІЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТІ: РІЗНОВИДИ ТА СПЕЦИФІКА ЇХ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ У ПРАКТИЦІ ПРОМОЦІЙНИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ

<div><p><em>In this study there were identified the main varieties of existing motion capture systems (mocap) that can be used primarily to create three-dimensional animation for augmented reality; as well as established their specific features, and also demonstrated the examples of the practical use of certain types of such systems in promotional communications.</em></p></div><p><em>This study unleashes the specificity of the functioning of non-marker and all types of marker motion capture systems – optical (optically passive and optically active, including «performance capture» as well as hybrid) and non-optical (acoustic, magnetic, mechanical and inertial).</em></p><p><em>There were analyzed two practical promotional cases: the American social PR project «Love Has No Labels» and the Japanese commercial brand «ZozoTown» («ZozoSuit»).</em></p><p><em>It has been found that in the practice of promotional communications inertial-type mocap systems with full magnetic interference are most actively used, since they can be used directly during mass AR-actions, primarily due to their portability and ability to function in a limited space.</em></p><p><em>It has also been revealed that AR-actions using motion capture systems are conducted primarily to create positive WOM and media resonances, allowing to significantly diversify the arsenal of communication tools with the target audience, as well as to increase the quality and efficiency of promotional messages, which in sum boosts the publicity capital.</em></p><p><em>Other varieties of mocap systems (with exception of non-marking one, which works through computer vision) are not used in real time regime for promotional events primarily due to their cumbersome nature. However, they can be employed to create realistic 3D animation for future utilization in promotional campaigns, projects, and actions using augmented reality technologies.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> motion capture systems (mocap), augmented reality (AR), promotion, empirical marketing.</em></p>

Mixed Messages: II. Outcomes Associated with the Proportion and Placement of Negative Statements in Support Messages

ABSTRACT Few studies on emotional support have investigated mixed messages – instances when emotional support messages contain both positive and negative statements. Although researchers have recognized that mixed messages occur, most supportive communication research has ignored these ambivalent messages. We contend based on the negativity bias that the more negative statements that occur in an emotional support message, the less effective the message is. To test this possibility, we presented cancer patients (N = 417) with messages that consisted of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, or 80% negative statements. Patients rated the messages on five variables: message effectiveness, affective improvement, supporter competence, likelihood to seek future support, and being better off if the supporter had said nothing. A significant positive linear trend occurred for all five variables. The results suggest that the presence and amount of negative statements within an emotional support message has a considerable influence on the recipient’s perception of the message and supporter. From a practical standpoint, the results suggest that cancer patients’ supporters should act cautiously when communicating negative statements within supportive messages, as even a brief negative statement may cause irreparable damage to the overall quality of a support message.

Partycypacja obywatelska w demokracji deliberacyjnej ku dobru wspólnemu

The author draws attention to the consideration of the complexity of civil participation in deliberative democracy, indicating that the legislator assumed that dialogue is to be a way of existence, and thus the basis of any social situation in the state. State authorities appointed to serve the people and the common good have to ask citizens about their position in the case, not in order to obtain the desired response, thus emphasizing the departure from the monologue culture in favor of dialogue and communication with the public. The author claims that the normative foundations of the community state are linked by the conviction that public values and purposes are established in the communication process. In this approach, it is important to achieve public purposes and the quality of their achievement, its constructive features are: network, multi-level management, conciliation, participation. The basic mechanisms of action of this type of state are: deliberation, compromise and arrangements are made in the social networks – the dominant type of management of public affairs in this model is co-management. Solicitude of the state as a common good obliges not only a citizen, but means that a citizen has the right to expect that public authority will act so that the Republic of Poland can be considered a common good by citizens. Referring to literature, the author notes that deliberative democracy and its concept put more emphasis on the importance of conversation, discussion and debate on democratic practice than on the importance of voting. Its supporters argue that the debate improves the quality of collective decisions and increases the chances of their acceptance. Varieties of deliberative democracy range from accentuating local representation to reinforcing the debate within representative legislative bodies. The article points out the differences between discourse and deliberation. Moreover, the forms of civic participation and civic participation techniques used in Poland are presented. We have come to live in times when communication, both traditional and with the help of modern media, plays a significant role in shaping societies. It is important to understand the basic laws guiding communication, the ability to properly form interpersonal relationships, cognize the factors affecting the quality of messages transmitted, the technique of freedom of expression, the skill of persuasion and argumentation. The correct perception of the essence of dialogue in a deliberative democracy is its foundation, especially when it concerns institutions aimed at turning natural and legal persons to public decision-making process. Considering the literature, it was found that new participative solutions, primarily the ability to dialogue, could prevent a democratic deficit and also indicated that that civic participation impacts on the creation of deliberative democracy.

МЕДИАЛИНГВОСТИЛИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРЯМОГО ТЕЛЕВИЗИОННОГО ВКЛЮЧЕНИЯ

The phenomenon under study as a branch of linguistics and a unique product of speech and cognitive activity is also subject to characterization, linguo-stylistic analysis, because any communication of society is part of speech genres, and for practicing direct inclusion of journalists it is necessary to have the skills to use an oral television text, which is a linguistic organization that attracts attention audience with its anthropocentric nature. It also has a specific style, which completely depends on the composition and construction of media communication, since the quality of an oral message in the context of direct inclusion depends on its logic, connectedness, accuracy and accessibility. Therefore, direct television inclusion, in addition to the creative component, is a complex syntactic and lexical system, which has communicative and functional significance for the scientific and applied environment. Over the more than twenty years of its development, live broadcasting has not only become a strategic component of air, broadcasting and reporting, but has also generated new dynamic genre forms in television journalism, for example, performance, and this, in turn, has led to the emergence of an important trend in television organizations. Its essence is in relying on the reporter, which led to the emergence of such a concept as «universalism», which modern journalists aspire to in order to cope with all the tasks of television production, and therefore to compete confidently in the labor market.

Role of Digital Advertising on Consumer Purchase Intention: An Empirical Study of Retail Outlets in India

Digital advertising has become an integral part of modern marketing strategies, as more and more consumers are relying on digital channels to make purchase decisions. This study aims to explore the impact of digital advertising on consumer purchase intention, with a focus on the key factors that influence consumer behaviour. Through a review of existing literature, this study identifies several key factors that can affect consumer purchase intention, including message quality, source credibility, personalization, and social influence. The findings suggest that digital advertising can have a significant impact on consumer purchase intention, particularly when it is tailored to the needs and preferences of the target audience. The study concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for digital marketing practitioners and offering suggestions for future research. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the role of digital advertising in shaping consumer behaviour and highlights the importance of developing effective digital marketing strategies.

Word‐of‐mouth information processing routes: The mediating role of message and source characteristics

AbstractThis study investigates word‐of‐mouth (WOM) information processing routes from active WOM seeking behaviour. Employing the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), the direct and indirect effects of factors within information processing routes are examined in a credence service context. A deeper exploration of the causal chains of each route was conducted using serial mediation models of message quality and source characteristics. Data were collected in the higher education context from a survey of 509 high school students applying for tertiary study. Findings indicate that active WOM seeking and the serial mediation effects elicit two routes of information processing: central and peripheral. This study is amongst the first to intensively reveal the underlying causal chains of WOM processing and supports the application of ELM theory in WOM research.

Use of P-values and the terms “significant”, “non-significant” and “suggestive” in Abstracts in the European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Diseases

ObjectivesTo evaluate the use of P-values and the terms “significant”, “non-significant” and “suggestive” in Abstracts in the European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Diseases. Materials and methodsConsecutive articles accepted for publication during the period January 2016 – February 2019 were systematically reviewed. Main goal: descriptive analysis of the citation of P-values and use of the terms “significant”, “non-significant” and “suggestive” in Abstracts. Secondary goal: analytic study of: (i) correlations between citation of a P-value and the main characteristics of authors and topics; and (ii) misuse of the terms “significant”, “non-significant” and “suggestive” with respect to cited P-values, and correlations with author and topic characteristics. ResultsIn all, 91 articles were included. P-values and the terms “significant”, “non-significant” and “suggestive” were cited in 35.1%, 41.7%, 10.9% and 0% of Abstracts, respectively. Citing a P-value did not significantly correlate with author or topic characteristics. There were discrepancies between the terms “non-significant”, “significant” and “suggestive” and P-values given in the body of the article in 57.1% of Abstracts, with 30.7% overestimation and 25.2% underestimation of results, without significant correlation with author or topic characteristics. ConclusionAuthors, editors and reviewers must pay particular attention to the spin resulting from inappropriate use of the terms “significant”, “non-significant” and “suggestive” in Abstracts of articles submitted to the European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Diseases, to improve the rigor, quality and value of the scientific message delivered to the reader.

Text Message Quality Improvement Project for Influenza Vaccine in a Low-Resource Largely Latino Pediatric Population.

Children with asthma are targeted for influenza vaccine because of their vulnerability to complications, particularly those with low income or family preference for Spanish language. We used text messaging to encourage caregivers to vaccinate. Participants were children (aged >6 months), predominantly low income and Latino, with an asthma diagnosis attending a pediatric clinic. Interactive text messages that described the vaccine and how to make an appointment were sent to parents in English or Spanish, January 2016 to April 2017. Year 1 messages were evaluated by the investigators considering vaccination results and evidence in the literature. Improvements for Year 2 included timing of message, clarity of message, and using the family language of preference. Messages went to 398 (Year 1) and 485 (Year 2) families. Sixty-four percent of families preferred English; 35% preferred Spanish. Children in Spanish-speaking families were significantly more likely than children in English-speaking families to be vaccinated, 66% versus 46%. Text messaging is a straightforward, low-cost health promotion strategy with potential to improve child health. Quality improvement efforts in outpatient settings with low-income and limited English proficiency families are needed. mHealth strategies may help address the needs of vulnerable populations. SQUIRE V.2.0 guidelines were used for manuscript writing and reporting.

Support seeker expectations, support message quality, and supportive interaction processes and outcomes: The case of the comforting computer program revisited

Developing a complete understanding of supportive communication in personal relationships requires considering the role of support seekers. We examined the influence of seeker expectations and verbal person centeredness (VPC) on the nature and outcomes of supportive interactions. Participants discussed a personal problem during an interaction with a fictional computer program called “ListenerBot.” Participants’ expectations about the helpfulness of ListenerBot and the quality of ListenerBot’s feedback in the form of VPC were manipulated. Participants in the helpful prime condition wrote more words during the interaction and evaluated ListenerBot more favorably than participants in the unhelpful prime condition. Relative to participants who received low VPC feedback, participants who received high VPC feedback evaluated ListenerBot more positively and experienced a greater reduction in emotional distress. Tests for indirect effects showed that VPC and the expectations prime contributed to participants’ reduction in emotional distress through influencing their evaluations of ListenerBot.

Joint Power Control and Resource Allocation Mode Selection for Safety-Related V2X Communication

Safety-related vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication plays an essential role in road safety and requires stringent high reliability and low latency. In this paper, we propose a novel approach of joint power control and resource allocation mode selection to solve the resource allocation problem of the mixed centralized/distributed V2X communication system under different network load conditions. Two major resource allocation modes are considered for V2X communication: scheduled resource allocation (centralized system) and UE autonomous resource selection mode (distributed system). In order to meet the specific quality-of-service-related demands of safety-related V2X communication, we aim to maximize overall information value of V2X communication by considering both ProSe Per-Packet Priority and communication link quality of V2X messages while meeting the requirements of minimum SINR and maximum transmit power limitation for both pedestrian user equipments (PUEs) and vehicular user equipments (VUEs). In particular, scenarios where the network is lightly loaded we propose Vacant Resource Blocks and Power Allocation algorithm while for scenarios wherein the network is heavily loaded we propose Occupied Resource Blocks and Power Allocation algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can achieve a stable matching between VUEs and their reuse PUEs partners. Extensive simulation results show that both the information value of VUEs as well as the spectral efficiency of PUEs can be improved efficiently by the proposed approach.

Electronic word-of-mouth via employer review sites – the effects on organizational attraction

Recent recruitment research has provided evidence for word-of-mouth (WoM) to affect organizational attraction. However, little is known about its effects in an online environment. This is particularly true with regard to employer review sites, which provide electronic WoM to a large number of job seekers. Drawing on the Elaboration Likelihood Model, the present study addresses this research gap by investigating the effects of positive electronic WoM provided by employer review sites on organizational attraction. A vignette-based quasi-experimental study was conducted (n = 386) with argument quality of the electronic WoM message, source expertise and recipients’ previous job search experience as experimental variables. The results indicate a statistically significant main effect of the argument quality of the electronic WoM message and the source’s expertise. We also found a three-way interaction that reveals that recipients process electronic WoM differently depending on their previous job search experience. We discuss our findings with regard to limitations and future research.

Analisis Pengaruh Daya Tarik Iklan, Kualitas Pesan Iklan dan Frekuensi Penayangan Iklan Terhadap Efektivitas Iklan TV Tokopedia

This research is a causality study that aims to find out the influence of advertisement attractiveness, advertisement message quality, and viewing freuency as independent variable to the effectiveness of advertisement on television especially tokopedia advertisement, as the dependent variable. The methodology used in this study are multiple linear regression, classical assumption test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedastic test, t test, and f test. The results of the study showed that independent variables (the influence of advertisement attractiveness, advertisement message quality, viewing frequency) affect ( the dependent variable (advertisement effectiveness), both partially and simultaneously.

Community-based surveillance of unaccompanied and separated children in drought-affected northern Ethiopia

BackgroundChildren separated from their caregivers in humanitarian emergencies are vulnerable to multiple risks. However, no field-tested methods exist to capture ongoing changes in the frequency and nature of separation in these contexts over the course of a protracted crisis.MethodsRecognizing this gap, a mobile phone-based surveillance system was established in a drought-affected district in northern Ethiopia to assess the feasibility of using community focal points to monitor cases of unaccompanied and separated children. A total of 29 focal points were recruited through village elections from 10 villages in the district. Feasibility was assessed directly by measuring the number and quality of messages sent by the focal points each week. The team also evaluated the implementation process and any challenges that arose through observations and key informant interviews with focal points at the conclusion of the project measuring frequency of employing various information gathering techniques, challenges faced, and perceptions of community expectations. Likert scales were used to measure overall satisfaction with the experience of being a focal point, self-assessed difficulty of being a focal point, perceived likelihood of cases captured, and motivation.ResultsOver a six-month period, the focal points reported 48 cases of separation. The majority of separated children (64.6%) were 10 years of age or older. Work was a major driver of separation, especially for boys. Age, sex, role in community, and density of community had no statistically significant impact on focal point performance in terms of frequency, accuracy, or consistency of messages. The focal points themselves reported high levels of motivation, but suggested several areas for improvement in the surveillance system.ConclusionsWithout the surveillance system, most of these children would have otherwise been unrecognized. From a technical standpoint the system was successful and resilient in the face of unexpected external challenges. However, focal point participation and accuracy was variable over time and across groups and diminished towards the later months of the study, suggesting that the community-based approach may require additional supports to ensure that the surveillance system is able to accurately capture trends over time.

FATWA MUI TENTANG ATRIBUT KEAGAMAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH

Fatwa of MUI Number 56 in 2016 concerning about “Religious Attributes of Non-Muslims” issued as guideline for Indonesian Muslims addressing the phenomenon of using non-muslim religious attributes, while promoting good relations between Muslims and other religious people. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the MUI fatwa efforts to maintain the harmony between religious communities and the harmonious life in society, nation, and state. Using qualitative research methods in communication of da'wah perspective, this study focuses direct attention into 3 (three) things that’re: 1) analysing about some keywords contained in the fatwa; 2) understanding the quality of fatwa messages; and 3) analysing the implications of fatwa in Indonesian religious life. Generally, in communication of da'wah perspective, the fatwa still raises multi-interpretations, particularly among the communicants, especially on keywords in the fatwa which have an impact on the tension of religious relations in Indonesia, though not too significant.

Partisan cues and internet memes: early evidence for motivated skepticism in audience message processing of spreadable political media

ABSTRACT Internet memes represent fundamental practices underlying much of digitally mediated conversation in the current participatory media environment, increasingly playing a prominent role in political contexts online. At the same time, memes’ fleeting nature makes them easily dismissed as insignificant media. To date, there is little published research that focuses on memes from the audience perspective. This study responds to calls to establish effects of political internet memes by examining the role of partisan cues in audience assessment of political internet memes’ message quality. An online quasi-experiment (N = 633) was conducted to assess perceptions of political memes’ message effectiveness and argument quality. The results reveal that internet memes are subject to biased cognitive processing, specifically selective judgment or motivated skepticism. These findings suggest that despite their fleeting nature, political internet memes might be a vehicle for political messages that contribute to a polarized media environment. Suggestions for future research are presented.