Qualitative Research Research Articles

Exploring Mathematics’ Teacher Knowledge and Challenges in Curriculum Change Implementation: Case Study in Indonesia

The Merdeka Curriculum, the national curriculum of Indonesia has been implemented for 2 years. Qualitative phenomenological research was conducted to explore teachers' knowledge of the Merdeka Curriculum, its implementation, and the challenges faced and strategies to overcome them. The number of informants was 9, consisting of 3 respondents each from the Independently Sharing (IS), Independently Changing (IC), and Independently Learning (IL) schools selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews, observations, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with open-ended questions related to teachers' knowledge, implementation, challenges and strategies for implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. Observations were made on the implementation of learning, while documentation was on teaching modules and assessment instruments. The study found that teachers were aware of the changes in the Merdeka Curriculum from the previous curriculum. Teachers from IS schools have been able to design independent learning tools, implement project-based learning, differentiate, integrate with the Pancasila Student Profile Project (P5), and conduct assessments in various forms. However, teachers from IC and IL schools are still adopting teaching modules from the government. Besides, teachers from IL schools have not been able to carry out diagnostic assessments. Challenges in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum include organizing materials, diverse initial abilities of students, many teacher assignments outside of teaching hours, and lack of facilities and infrastructure. Strategies to overcome these challenges include collaborating available sources with information from the internet, providing matriculation for students with low abilities, providing structured assignments, and scheduling facilities and infrastructure utilization.

NATURE OF CHANGING GENDER ROLES IN IGALA HOUSEHOLDS IN KOGI EAST SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

The protection of the members of the household is the role of the head of the Igala household. However, many female spouses and children no longer get this protection. Such female spouses participate in or solely provide food, pay house rents, pay medical bills, etc., in addition to their female gender roles of domestic, caregiving and reproduction roles. The changing role-taking outstretch their energy, causing role strain among them. This situation attracted the researchers’ attention into examining the nature of the changing gender roles in Igala households in Kogi East Senatorial district of Kogi State, Nigeria. . A body of related literature was reviewed while liberal feminism was used to explain the phenomenon as the theory is suitable in explaining inequality in changing gender roles. The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative research designs. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 268 respondents; while the 4 IDI informants and 24 discussants were selected using the purposive sampling technique. Questionnaire, IDI and FGD guides and documentary search pro-former were used to gather data from the field. Findings reveal that while the authority aspect of the family protection role is minimally changing, other aspects such as security; public relation; liaison; discipline; provision and male gender role modeling are fast changing. Furthermore, the study revealed that the domestic and caregiving aspects of procreants’ roles are minimally changing as few men partake in domestic and caregiving roles whereas majority of women perform security, disciplinary and provider roles. This creates imbalance and unequal role taking. The research therefore concludes that there is inequality in changing gender roles among the Igala ethnic group of Kogi State. There is therefore, the need for the socialisation of the populace into accepting husbands sharing domestic and caregiving roles. Efforts should be made by relevant bodies to ensure that formal and informal education contents should include gender role sharing among couples to mitigate the identified challenges.

The Effectiveness of Activity-Based Teaching in Enhancing English Language Skills among Elementary Students

This study investigates the impact of activity-based teaching methods on enhancing English language skills among elementary-level students. The effect of activity based teaching methods on the development of English language skills at elementary levels is examined in this study. Student centered is taught by activity based teaching, an interactive and engaging, as this focuses on learning the activity by means of speaking, listening, reading, and writing. The research examines the effectiveness of these methods at improving acquisition of language and boosting student confidence and participation. Data were collected using a qualitative research design with observation in classrooms, teacher interviews and student feedback to evaluate activity based instruction outcome. The discovery brings to the fore its important role in enhancing the students' language skills and boosting their confidence in learning, as well as motivating the students to an active participation in the learning process. However, the study also yields a disadvantage in implementing these strategies, the disadvantages majorly being resource limitation and teacher readiness. Suggestions are made for integrating activity-based teaching into English curricula in order to enhance language learning outcomes amongst students.

Influencing Factors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Among Civil Servants (PNS) In Organization X

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) has an important role in the success and effectiveness of an organization, including: improving organizational work, increasing job satisfaction, building a positive work culture, improving the organization's work image, and encouraging innovation and positive change. This research uses a case study design because the main research problem is the analysis of OCB in employees in an organization and because this design is a more appropriate strategy when it comes to why something happened. This research aims to describe the factors that influence Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in Civil Servants in Organisasi X. The type of research used by researchers is descriptive qualitative research. Based on the results of observations and interviews, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) implemented by Civil Servants (PNS) in Organization These factors have a positive relationship with OCB, which is directly proportional to the increase in OCB as per the research results described above. The relationship between employees (superiors and subordinates) is very good as can be seen from the attitudes and behavior applied in work life. Even though OCB is not yet fully implemented by all employees, there are ongoing improvement efforts to achieve organizational goals. Subordinates carry out their duties as they should and superiors carry out monitoring and evaluation to ensure activities run smoothly. Obstacles that arise in carrying out tasks are immediately conveyed to superiors and/or related units so that they can be followed up immediately so that no work is missed. As for corrections to a job, they will be carried out with full responsibility based on previous experience.

An analysis of a social sciences curriculum from the perspective of critical peace education

ABSTRACT This study focuses on critical peace education in a post-conflict context in Northern Cyprus. It aimed to analyse the Social Sciences curriculum (year group 7) using a framework that was developed as part of the present study benefitting from the literature on critical peace education. The study employed an interpretive critical inquiry method for document analysis within the qualitative research paradigm. The findings indicated that the learning objectives in the Social Sciences curriculum targeted knowledge and moral capacity building with an individualistic focus and with local, historical, and globalised orientation. Numerous recommendations were made for the improvement of the curriculum, based on the principles and orientations of critical peace education.

Enhancing individual task performance and productivity: an ethnographic observational study of supported employment among social services clients in Finland

BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to investigate the various aspects of employees’ work environment, including their job characteristics; the level of support provided by supervisors, job coaches and coworkers; and their perceptions of job performance and productivity from the perspectives of both employees and supervisors in the context of sustainable employability in supported employment interventions. This study was part of the Finnish Work Ability Programme Evaluation Study (2020–2024).MethodsThis study is theoretically informed by the concepts of specific work ability and sustainable employability, as well as how health affects productivity at the task level—approach. The research is based on qualitative data obtained through ethnographic fieldwork, nonparticipating observing with interaction at work, which includes observing employed individuals in their workplaces. Additionally, we recorded discussions, took photos at work, and conducted interviews with supervisors and job coaches.ResultsThe main findings were that persons with disability or decreased work ability were employed in precarious low-productivity work, with limited opportunities for more sustainable employment. Several means from public employment services to decrease the employer’s personnel costs were used. The supervisors appeared to have a strong grasp of each employee’s task-specific productivity level. Supervisors had to adapt their usual tasks to provide extra support for employees, often focusing more on work performance. The role of coworkers and the work community as whole was also important. The personal support of job coaches during the employment phase was crucial, but their role in the workplace was unclear, especially to employers.ConclusionsTo strengthen sustainable careers, the matching of jobs and individuals should be promoted through closer and productivity-oriented cooperation with employers and work communities in vocational rehabilitation and re-employment. The chosen qualitative research strategy, ethnographic fieldwork at work and multi-perspective data collection provided new interpretations of the possibilities for sustainable employability using the Supported Employment method. From the perspectives of both enabling prolonged working careers for employees and providing a clear understanding of task-performance-based productivity to employers, there is a need for more microlevel data on what happens in work and workplaces, particularly the social mechanisms through which results are achieved.

The civil employment experiences of amputee veterans: The case of Turkey

ABSTRACT Military veterans who became disabled due to conflict-related trauma face various challenges in finding and maintaining employment in civilian life. This study aims to understand the transition processes of disabled veterans in Turkey into civilian employment, as well as their experiences in maintaining and sustaining employment during this process. A qualitative research design was used in the study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 24 amputee veterans. The most commonly reported issues were placement in unsuitable jobs, lack of civilian work experience, differences between military and civilian cultures, and biases. Many veterans struggle to integrate into civilian work life.

Space, place and safety: user experiences of new school buildings

ABSTRACT Background This study investigated pupils’ and teachers’ experiences with newbuilt schools. The schools can be characterised as innovative learning environments, designed and built to support the development of a knowledge economy and the learning of twenty-first-century skills. The buildings had a flexible learning space layout and were equipped with modern technology and furniture to fit reformed teacher work practices and pupils’ learning. Purpose The study, which took place in Norway, sought to provide insights into pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions and experiences of their interplay with new physical school environments, following their move to newly built schools. We asked the following research question: How are pupils and teachers in primary and lower secondary school experiencing new school buildings? Method The study was conducted in four primary and secondary schools across Norway. Twelve groups of teachers and pupils (aged 10 to 16) took part in the research across these schools, which adopted a qualitative research design including photovoice – an approach where participants photographed spaces and interiors important to them and then used these to inform group dialogues. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse transcriptions and other qualitative data. Findings Moving into new school buildings was generally a positive experience for study participants, although with some challenges. Participants’ experiences coalesced around three major themes: significant spaces and places; perceived qualities of spaces; and design principles and intentions of spaces and places. Each of these themes contained sub-themes, the most relevant of which were having break-out spaces, flexibility and safety. Break-out rooms offered flexibility to plan for varied education and shelter for sensitive talks. Crowded areas, such as cloakrooms, were perceived as unsafe, while classrooms and the health nurse’s area were perceived as safe. Conclusion While the experiences of teachers and pupils were mostly positive, new learning environments cannot alone operationalise the concept of twenty-first-century skills to create effective learners. There appears to be a mismatch between daily school users’ and planners/architects’ understandings of flexibility.

Liminality experienced from within: place intensification through self-built dwellings in Montenegro

ABSTRACT Liminal dwellings are self-built units without a predetermined urban planning permit and architectural plans generating ambiguous, reflexive, and change-inducing in-between neighbourhoods. Migrants from the Republic of Kosovo inhabit self-built shelters, which stimulate contextual and communal intensification of cities. Contextual addresses the spatial network established between inhabitants and their destinations in the city, and communal intensification reviles neighbourly connections. Using in-depth semi-structured interviews, diaries, and personal essays during data gathering, participants’ lived experiences were recorded in informal settlements “Bijela Gora” and “Meljine,” located in the east and west periphery of the southern region of Montenegro. Interpretative phenomenological analysis is used as a qualitative research method to survey participants’ experiences of liminalities captured via migrants’ destinations in the city, the neighbourhoods’ organisation, social trust, and repercussions from the alternation of sheds. Rather than comprehending poverty as individual misfortune, these categories are useful for altering future urban and communal developments.

The factors influencing self-management in patients with depression: a qualitative research from China

BackgroundAs depressed patients often fail to seek help and obtain treatment on time for reasons such as stigma and lack of treatment resources, research on self-management for depressed patients is crucial. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing self-management in depression patients from the perspectives of both patients and psychiatric nurses.MethodsSix depression patients and twelve psychiatric nurses were chosen for semi-structured interviews through a purposive sampling method from a tertiary Grade A psychiatric hospital in Shandong Province, China. The group of depressed patients included in the study had a male to female sex ratio of 1:1 with a mean age of 46years. The psychiatric nurse group had a male to female ratio of 1:2 with a mean age of 42.42 years. We used descriptive qualitative research techniques. Nvivo 12.0 software was used for the data management and analysis using thematic analysis.ResultsThe factors influencing the self-management of depression patients were summarized into three themes and eight sub-themes: disease impact (symptoms, stigma), the degree of symptom control (medication adherence, depression’s cognitive status, its treatment and rehabilitation as well as additional factors), and support (self-efficacy, external support).ConclusionsThis study found that multiple factors influence the self-management of depression patients, including disease impact, the degree of symptom control, and support. In addition to helping patients integrate social resources and seek social support, medical staff should also pay attention to changes in the patient’s condition and disease control. Moreover, they should help patients increase their self-efficacy and enhance their self-management abilities through health education and other means.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Factors affecting cash flow management activities of textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam

Purpose: This study shows the level of influence of factors on cash flow management activities of enterprises through survey and recovery analysis from data of 50 Vietnamese garment enterprises. Design/Methodology/Approach: The article uses two basic research methods including: qualitative and quantitative research. In which, the qualitative method is to synthesize research works related to the article, thereby determining the research hypothesis. The quantitative method is implemented on the basis of building a scale for 7 factors affecting cash flow management activities and surveyed and analyzed data from 50 textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam to test the published hypotheses. Findings: The results show that 5 out of 7 factors have an impact on cash flow management activities of listed textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam, including: sales policy (SP), inventory management policy (IMP), payment policy with suppliers (PPS), enterprise size (ES) and level of information technology application in cash flow management (LIC). Conclusion: In particular, sales policy is the strongest impact factor, the ability to apply information technology has the weakest impact, in particular, inventory management policy has a negative impact on cash flow management activities. Research Limitations/Implications: From the results of this research, the author suggested for Vietnamese textile and garment enterprises in cash flow management activities. Practical Implications: This research result is completely consistent with previous domestic and foreign studies. Contribution to Literature: The study provides necessary information to help Vietnamese textile and garment enterprises improve cash flow management in the coming time.

Beyond Peace Versus Justice: Demobilisation, Reintegration, and Transitional Justice in Liberia

ABSTRACT The article engages in a comparative analysis of the Liberian Disarmament, Demobilisation, Rehabilitation and Reintegration (DDRR) programme and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to assess their short-term and long-term contributions to Liberia’s peace process. Against this backdrop, the article draws on qualitative and archival research methods to analyse perceptions of peace in Liberia. The article demonstrates that the lack of social cohesion following DDRR, and deprioritisation of justice resulting from the limited implementation of the TRC’s recommendations are culminating in a precarious peace process that lacks long-term durability.

'A boy actually said I looked like a fire victim': Exploring the psychosocial impacts of psoriasis, eczema and acne amongst young women in the UK through thematic analysis.

Our knowledge of the psychosocial implications of skin conditions continues to broaden, as research identifies multiple psychological morbidities relating to psoriasis, eczema and acne. This includes findings of poor body image, as a result of the change in physical appearance to the skin. However, there is limited qualitative research in the UK that explores how young women with skin conditions experience unique psychosocial impacts, including body image issues. The present study explored the experiences of seven young women with psoriasis, eczema and acne. Four main themes were developed: Embarrassment over appearance related symptoms; An unrealistic female beauty standard; Change in appearance attacking personal identity; and Lack of support. The implications of these findings are discussed, including a call for a biopsychosocial approach to skin condition treatment, that prioritises the psychological and social well being of young female skin condition patients, as well as their physical health.

Unveiling the Nexus of trafficking: Socio-economic determinants, victimization forms, and psychological impacts on women in Bangladesh

The trafficking of women and girls represents a severe infringement upon fundamental human rights and has exhibited a concerning upward trend in various regions worldwide, including Bangladesh. The study addressed the effect of social class, poverty, empowerment, education and areas of residence for women trafficking in Bangladesh and identified the physical and mental sufferings of the victims. This study employed an exploratory qualitative research design and recruited participants from the Dhaka Metropolitan Area. The sample was selected from the victims who were repatriated from January 2020 to December 2021 by the reputed human rights organization Bangladesh National Women Lawyer Association, Dhaka. To maintain proper ethical guidelines, in-depth interviews were conducted through semi-structured questionnaires. The study's results indicate that women with lower socio-economic status and marginalized positions experience higher victimization. The trafficking of women in Bangladesh is facilitated by a range of factors, including poverty, limited access to education and employment opportunities, weak familial bonds, dysfunctional family dynamics, fraudulent job offers, the use of digital platforms, the presence of organized trafficking syndicates, and a complex nexus of factors in border areas. The study also identified that victims experienced severe physical and psychological maltreatment including sexual assault, coercion, physical abuse, and intravenous drug use. Victims also suffer from psychological trauma including threat, anger, depression, insomnia, vomiting, low self-esteem, self-blaming, and skipping meals. Stigmatization and victim blaming also occurred while they were successfully repatriated to their destination. The study concludes with the policy recommendation that the legal agencies of the state should increase the security and surveillance on the border, ensure the safety and security of the survivors, and provide mental support through service providers.

Qualitative Research Practices and Family Business Intrapreneurship: a Cas Study on Family Business Incubation of Nomades-Marrakech and Intrapreneurial Orientation Under Focus

Objective: The objective of this research is to explore and understand family incubation and its impact on the family business intrapreneurship growth capacity at organizational level. Literature review: Using a theoretical analysis approach based on contingence Theory. Method: An exploratory study analyzed three axes related to family incubation: 1) The specific characteristics of family businesses that can intensify the family support effort, 2) family support was found to play the greatest role in improving the entrepreneurial orientation of the new generation, 3) the good intrapreneurial orientation process from employee-son to intrapreneur be achieved by family support. Results and discussion: furthermore, the study sophisticatedly explored the new dimension of “Family incubation” and described the sub-dimensions based on this unique case “Nomades-Marrakech, from which new sub-dimensions have emerged to determine the originality of this paper, such as socio-cognitive traits, mutual trust, continuous innovation, consumer loyalty, agility, internal growth, paternal wisdom, training, experimentation, and family values. This study answers the question regarding the relationship between family incubation and entrepreneurial orientation and Intrapreneurial orientation. Further studies are needed to establish causal relationships and develop ways of measure, which will be used to quantify the impact of family incubation on the resilience factors of intrapreneurial small businesses.

He/a/r/tography: healing, art making, researching and teaching as more than a qualitative research method

He/a/r/tography: healing, art making, researching and teaching as more than a qualitative research method

Analisis Kegiatan Pengelolaan Kurikulum di UPT SDN 31 Koto Pulai

The curriculum plays a crucial role in the education system, serving as a tool to achieve the educational goals that have been set. The Independent Curriculum, which was introduced in 2020 and began to be implemented in 2022, however, its implementation in the field is still uneven. This study aims to find out the curriculum management activities at UPT SDN 31 Koto Pulai. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative research with observation and interview techniques as the main data collection techniques. The data was analyzed qualitatively with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The results of the analysis show that good Curriculum management is very important to ensure the effectiveness of learning, which includes planning, development, implementation, and assessment. The planning process at UPT SDN 31 Koto Pulai involves a meeting between the principal and educators to discuss the needs and combination of the curriculum. Curriculum development is carried out by formulating the vision, mission, and program structure, as well as organizing learning activities. The implementation of the curriculum in this school focuses on the application of learning tools that are in accordance with the applicable curriculum, with an interactive and collaborative approach. Through the Teacher Working Group (KKG) training, the school strives to improve the quality of teaching

Fraud as Legitimate Retribution for Colonial Injustice: Neutralization Techniques in Interviews with Police and Online Romance Fraud Offenders

ABSTRACT This qualitative research examines the phenomenon of online romance fraud, exploring it from contrasting perspectives. The study engaged two distinct groups of participants: (1) fraudsters actively involved in online romance scams (commonly referred to as “Sakawa Boys”) and (2) police officers with experience in investigating and policing internet crimes. We explore the usefulness of neutralization techniques in interpreting data within the cultural context of individuals’ subjective experiences. Thematic analysis of data reveals that both offenders and police officers employ certain neutralization techniques, such as denial of responsibility, condemnation of the condemners, and appeals to higher loyalties, to justify their conduct. In particular, online romance offenders invoke higher loyalties, rationalizing their actions as reparative justice for colonial exploitation and framing their fraud as a means of reclaiming wealth unjustly taken during colonial rule. The findings suggest that participants perceive the enduring legacy of colonialism as a key factor driving the production of cybercrime. This research contributes to the scant body of direct testimonies from romance fraud offenders, which are significantly rarer than those from police officers, providing valuable insights into this global phenomenon. Methodologically and theoretically, this research contributes to understanding the global phenomenon of scammers targeting individuals worldwide.

EXAMINING THE TRANSITIONAL JOURNEY: A MULTIPLE CASE STUDY OF A FORMER EMPLOYEES TURNED TO COLLEGE STUDENTS

This study aimed to explore and understand the experiences of Former Employees who turned back to college students. Using purposive sampling and inclusion criteria, the participating three (3) Kapalong College of Agriculture Sciences and Technology (KCAST) students who are former employees were identified. All of them participated in the in-depth interviews. This study employed a qualitative research methodology grounded in case studies to gain a deeper understanding of participants' experiences. Such an approach is beneficial for qualitative researchers as it guides hypothesis development through detailed investigations of small groups. Results revealed the challenges of the participants: struggling in adapting to changing social and professional environment; juggling between work and studies: and financial challenges in the pursuit of education. In response to the challenges they have encountered, they deem the following coping strategies essential; turning pressure into motivation; and empowering oneself through prayer and guidance. Upon reflecting on their entire experience, they arrived at the following insights; essence of striving for greater aspiration; importance of work experience in career progression; and education as pathway to advance career positions. It can be concluded that the transition from former employees to college students represents a transformative and enriching journey characterized by challenges, growth, and fresh opportunities. These individuals exhibit resilience and commitment as they balance work responsibilities and academic pursuits. The perspectives and diverse backgrounds they bring add valuable insights, contributing to a vibrant learning atmosphere that enhances the educational experience. KEYWORDS: Former Employees, College Students, Multiple-Case Approach, Qualitative, Cross-Case Analysis

Migrant women’s perception toward cervical and breast cancer screening in Türkiye: a qualitative analysis

IntroductionThis study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Syrian migrant women regarding breast and cervical cancer screenings in the Sultanbeyli district of Istanbul.MethodsThe women were recruited from Extended Migrant Health Centre, which is a primary health care institution in Istanbul. In August 2024, face-to-face interviews were conducted using an open-ended, semi-structured question form administered by a nurse experienced in qualitative research. Sociodemographic information, their thoughts on cancer, information on the types of cancers screened and sources of information, their participation in cancer screenings, and their perspectives on cancer screenings were asked.ResultsIn depth interviews were conducted with 40 migrant women. Four main themes and thirteen sub-themes were identified. These themes include “Opinions about the cancers and information about the cancer screenings” “Attitudes about the cancer screening program” “Perspectives on preventive measures against cancers” and “Problems in access to health services”. Women mostly described cancer as a serious, incurable, and fatal disease. Despite this perception, almost half of the participants had not attended cancer screening programs. The majority said they did not undergo screening because they had no symptoms. The other main barriers for participation included lack of knowledge, fear of receiving a negative result, or fear of the procedures involved.ConclusionsBased on this study, migrant women have low level of attendance to breast and cervical cancer screening programs. Besides, they lack adequate information about breast cancer and cervical cancer, the screening protocols and preventive measuremets.