Pure Rubber Research Articles

A sand-rubber deformable granular layer as a low-cost seismic isolation strategy in developing countries: Experimental investigation

This paper presents experimental investigations on the feasibility of using a sand-rubber deformable granular layer as a low-cost seismic isolation strategy for developing countries. The mechanical characteristics of a potential failure mechanism inside the sand-rubber layer are investigated. Direct shear testing is performed to quantify the angle of friction of three different sand-rubber mixtures subjected to different vertical stress levels. The experimentally derived mechanical characteristics are compared to the corresponding values for pure rubber and pure sand samples. The frictional characteristics of sliding between a sand-rubber layer and a timber interface are identified. Direct shear testing is performed to quantify the quasi-static friction of the same sand-rubber mixtures against a timber interface, that is part of the foundation casting, subjected to alternative vertical stresses. The effect of the shear rate and the saturation of the sand-rubber mixture on the aforementioned mechanical characteristics is presented. A uniaxial shaking table experimental setup is used for the investigation of the dynamics of a rigid sliding block and the quantification of the kinetic friction of different sliding interfaces against two different sand-rubber mixtures for two different sand-rubber layer heights. The rigid sliding block designed to slide against the sand-rubber layer is subjected to both a harmonic ramp loading and earthquake ground motion excitation. The design outcome of this static and dynamic experimental investigation is the determination of the optimum grain size ratio and the height of the sand-rubber layer, that corresponds to the lower (and more favourable from a seismic isolation view point) friction coefficient between the sand-rubber layer and the foundation. The quantification of these fundamental parameters paves the way for a holistic design of a response modification strategy for mitigating seismic damage in developing countries.

Effect of graphene infusion on morphology and performance of natural rubber latex/graphene composites

Nowadays developments of most flexible electronic devices have significantly increased due to high demand on healthcare applications of daily life activities. Given these development factors, the production of nanoparticles-polymer composite improves the functionality of stretchable or improves interfacial adherence between the matrix and nanoparticles. In this research work, graphene used as functional filler materials into the polymer (natural rubber latex) matrices is presented. The surface morphology of pure natural rubber latex (NRL) and natural rubber latex/graphene (NRL/G) composite were observed by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was recorded to investigate the elements and functional groups present in the graphene and NRL and in the NRL/G composite. Furthermore, the mechanical and conductivity properties of the pure NRL and NRL/G composite are studied. The mechanical property and conductivity test were performed by a universal testing machine and two-point probes measurement respectively.

Manifestation of Interactions of Nano-Silica in Silicone Rubber Investigated by Low-Frequency Dielectric Spectroscopy and Mechanical Tests.

Silicone rubber composites filled with nano-silica are currently widely used as high voltage insulating materials in power transmission and substation systems. We present a systematic study on the dielectric and mechanical performance of silicone rubber filled with surface modified and unmodified fumed nano-silica. The results indicate that the different interfaces between the silicone rubber and the two types of nano-silica introduce changes in their dielectric response when electrically stressed by a sinusoidal excitation in the frequency range of 10−4–1 Hz. The responses of pure silicone rubber and the composite filled with modified silica can be characterized by a paralleled combination of Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interface polarization and DC conduction. In contrast, the silicone rubber composite with the unmodified nano-silica exhibits a quasi-DC (Q-DC) transport process. The mechanical properties of the composites (represented by their stress-strain characteristics) reveal an improvement in the mechanical strength with increasing filler content. Moreover, the strain level of the composite with a modified filler is improved.

Magnetic composites based on NR and strontium ferrite

Abstract Two types of composites based on natural rubber (NR) and strontium ferrite were tested in this study. Composites of the first type were prepared by incorporation of strontium ferrite in the concentration range ranging from 0 to 100 phr (parts per hundred rubber) into pure NR based rubber matrix, while with those of the second type, strontium ferrite was dosed in the same concentration level into NR based rubber batch with constant amount of carbon black — 25 phr. For rubber matrices cross-linking, a standard sulfur based curing system was used. This work is focused on the effect of magnetic filler content on physico-mechanical, magnetic and thermo-physical properties of composite materials. Subsequently, the cross-link density and the structure of the formed sulfidic cross-links were examined. The results showed that the cross-link density of both types of composites increased with the increasing content of magnetic filler, while the structure of the sulfidic cross-links was almost not influenced by the amount of strontium ferrite. Tensile strength of rubber composites with pure rubber matrix was slightly improved by the incorporation of ferrite, while in case of composites based on a carbon black batch, the incorporation of magnetic filler resulted in the decrease of this characteristic. The presence of magnetic filler in both types of composites leads to a significant increase of the remanent magnetic induction.

Cs-137 Gamma Ray Attenuation Properties of Flexible Silicone Rubber Materials

IIn this study, pure silicone rubber and iron ore concentrate added silicone rubber materials were performed against Cs-137 gamma source. Cs-137 is accepted medium energy level gamma source in nuclear technology. Up to 67 wt. % iron ore concentrate added into silicone rubber materials were used in the experiments. Linear attenuation graphs were carried out for the studied samples against Cs-137 gamma source which has unique peak at 0.662 MeV energy. Increasing iron ore ratio in the materials caused the higher radiation shielding performance for Cs-137 gamma source. In addition, increasing iron ore ratio decrease the total volume air bubbles in the samples. Decreasing air bubbles in the samples has contributed to gamma ray shielding. 0.5 mmPbE and 1 mmPbE Lead equivalent (PbE) values were determined for the samples. 0.5mmPbE standard has been provided by using 2.83 mm thick of 67 wt. % iron ore concentrate imbedded silicone rubber at 0.662 MeV gamma energy. In conclusion, iron ore concentrate imbedded silicone rubber materials are among the promising economic radiation shielding materials which could be alternative to lead.

The effect of peroxide crosslinking on the synergistic crosslink of double bond and nitrile group of nitrile rubber in H2S environment

In the H2S environment, the double bonds and nitrile groups of pure nitrile rubber (NBR) are synergistically crosslinked to produce sulfur crosslinks [1]. However, the corrosion of NBR vulcanizate in H2S is unknown. To investigate the effect of crosslinked structure on NBR corrosion, a corrosion test of NBR cured by peroxide crosslinking in H2S is carried out. Researches find out that the vulcanizates are more susceptible to H2S than the raw rubber. The increment of sulfur element in vulcanizate is much higher than that of raw rubber, and the reduction of double bond is more severe than raw rubber, which is attributed to the ɑ-tertiary carbon structure produced by peroxide crosslinking. The ɑ-tertiary carbon greatly activates the double bond and allyl hydrogen (ɑ–H), thereby promoting the reaction of 1,4–polybutadiene (1,4–PB) structural unit with H2S, thus exacerbating the corrosion of NBR, causing a serious decline in its performance.

Preparation of composites from natural rubber and oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose: Effect of cellulose morphology on properties

Rubber tree and oil palm are industrial crops cultivated in the same climate and environment. These plants are used to prepare nanocomposites of natural rubber and cellulose from empty fruit bunches, an abundant residue in the palm oil industry. For this study, the cellulose particles were extracted from the bunches and subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis or microfibrillation to produce nanostructured particles. The nanoparticles were blended with natural rubber latex in an aqueous medium, and the mixture was dried. The properties of the nanocomposites were compared to those of pure natural rubber and unprocessed cellulose composites. The mechanical properties of the natural rubber can be modified by the cellulose content and morphology. As a consequence, it is possible to modulate the material properties by changing only the filler morphology. The use of microfibrillated cellulose had stronger reinforcement effects. The thermal properties of natural rubber were not affected by the addition of cellulose.

Preparation of composites from natural rubber and oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose: Effect of cellulose morphology on properties

Rubber tree and oil palm are industrial crops cultivated in the same climate and environment. These plants are used to prepare nanocomposites of natural rubber and cellulose from empty fruit bunches, an abundant residue in the palm oil industry. For this study, the cellulose particles were extracted from the bunches and subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis or microfibrillation to produce nanostructured particles. The nanoparticles were blended with natural rubber latex in an aqueous medium, and the mixture was dried. The properties of the nanocomposites were compared to those of pure natural rubber and unprocessed cellulose composites. The mechanical properties of the natural rubber can be modified by the cellulose content and morphology. As a consequence, it is possible to modulate the material properties by changing only the filler morphology. The use of microfibrillated cellulose had stronger reinforcement effects. The thermal properties of natural rubber were not affected by the addition of cellulose.

Swelling behaviour and morphological analysis of Arenga pinnata–silicone biocomposite

Swelling behaviour and morphological characteristics of Arenga pinnata–silicone biocomposite (APSil) after swelling test were investigated and compared to pure silicone rubber (0 wt%). Results indicate that the highest filler addition (16 wt%) possess the lowest swelling rate followed by 8 wt% and 0 wt% specimens. The nature of fibre/matrix interface of the swelled samples was examined through scanning electron microscope. Addition of Arenga pinnata (AP) filler in silicone rubber shows less crack propagation in comparison to without filler. Thus, it can be concluded that the addition of AP filler improves the swelling properties of silicone rubber which makes it a good candidate for sealing application.

Experimental study on the influence of fibre surface treatments and coconut shell powder addition on the compressive strength, hardness and tribological properties of sisal fibre-natural rubber composites

In the present environment scenario, toxic wastes and their disposal is a major issue. Use of natural materials is the viable solution for this problem. This work aims to design and develop an elastomer composite using natural materials - natural rubber composite reinforced with sisal fibres. Since rubber components are essentials in industrial products, the developed material has lot significance. Six composites made with sisal fibres with various surface modifications and a 10%w/w coconut shell filler powder in natural rubber matrix. Sisal fibres used are raw fibre, alkalised fibres, rubber pre-impregnated raw fibres and rubber pre-impregnated alkalised fibre. The specimens tested for wear resistance, compressive strength and hardness. Maximum wear resistance exhibited by alkalised pre-impregnated sisal-rubber composite, followed by raw pre-impregnated-coconut shell powder-rubber composite. The hardness of raw sisal-rubber and raw pre-impregnated fibre composites improved by 228% than pure rubber (25 Shore A). Compressive strengths also showed improvements.

基于土地利用变化的热带植物群落功能性状与土壤质量的关系

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于土地利用变化的热带植物群落功能性状与土壤质量的关系 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201703290541 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心,海南鹦哥岭国家级自然保护区管理站,中国科学院城市环境研究所,中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0503401）；国家自然科学基金项目（41871217） Relationships between plant community functional traits and soil quality based on land use changes in tropical region Author: Affiliation: Research Center for Eco⁃Environmental Sciences，Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco⁃Environmental Sciences，Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hainan Yinggeling National Nature Reserve,nstitute of Urban Environment，Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco⁃Environmental Sciences，Chinese Academy of Sciences,Research Center for Eco⁃Environmental Sciences，Chinese Academy of Sciences Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了明确热带天然林转变为橡胶林和槟榔后土壤质量变化，揭示土地利用变化下植物群落功能性状对土壤质量影响。在海南中部山区，以原始林（PF）、次生林（SF）、槟榔（Areca catechu）林（AP）、纯橡胶（Hevea brasiliensis）林（RP）和橡胶益智（Alpinia oxyphylla）林（RAP）为对象，探索天然林退化后土壤性质和质量变化，分析了植物群落功能性状（凋落物量、郁闭度、根长密度、细根密度和比根长）对土壤质量影响。结果表明：1）与原始林相比，其他土地利用类型凋落物量、根长密度、细根密度、土壤总孔隙度、最大持水量、土壤有机碳和总氮显著降低，土壤容重显著增加。人工林土壤碱解氮明显降低，但总磷、总钾和缓效钾明显升高（P < 0.05）。2）与原始林相比，次生林、槟榔林、纯橡胶林和橡胶益智林土壤质量指数分别降低63.4%、85.8%、81.2%和84.1%，随原始林、次生林和人工林梯度土地利用强度的增加，土壤质量显著降低（P < 0.05），但人工林间土壤质量无显著差异。3）凋落物量、郁闭度、根长密度和细根密度均与土壤质量指数显著正相关（P < 0.05），细根密度对土壤质量的直接影响效应最大，凋落物间接影响效应最大。天然林转变为橡胶和槟榔林显著改变土壤性质和质量，群落性状细根密度和凋落物可较好解释土壤质量变化，强化人工林林下植被和凋落物管理有利于土壤质量改善。 Abstract:To reveal the effects of plant community functional trait changes, resulted from the land use conversion from primitive forest to secondary forest or plantations, on soil quality in tropical region, an investigation was conducted in five typical land use types in the central mountainous area of Hainan Island. The land use types include primitive forest (PF), secondary forest (SF), areca plantation (AP), pure rubber plantation(RP) and rubber intercropping Alpinia oxyphylla plantation (RAP).The changes of soil qualities after the natural forest conversion to secondary forest or plantations and the relationships between plant community functional traits (litter fall, canopy density, root length density, fine root density, and specific root length) and soil quality were analyzed. Compared with those of primitive forest, the litter fall, root length density, fine root density, total soil porosity, maximum water holding capacity, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen of other land use types decreased significantly (P < 0.05), but soil bulk density increased significantly(P < 0.05). Soil alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen in all plantations decreased obviously, whereas soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium, and slowly available potassium increased significantly(P < 0.05) during the conversion. With increasing of land use intensity, the soil quality decreased significantly(P < 0.05). The soil quality indexes of SF, AP, RP, and RAP decreased by 63.4%, 85.8%, 81.2% and 84.1%, respectively, compared with that of PF. However, there were no differences in soil quality among the plantations. The litter fall, canopy density, root length density, and fine root density had the positive and significantly correlations with the soil quality index(P < 0.05). Moreover, fine root density had the largest direct effect on soil quality, and litter had the largest indirect effect. Our results suggested that the transformation of tropical primitive forests to rubber and areca plantations significantly changed soil properties and soil quality, which was mainly explained by the plan community functional traits of fine root density and litter fall. Improving the management of litter fall and understory plant community, which influences fine root density, will help increase soil quality in plantations in tropical region. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of mechanical properties of soil-tire mixture by discrete element method

Soil engineering properties can be improved employing different methods. Among them is mixing soil with tire derived additives (TDA). TDAs generally increase some parameters of mixture such as damping ratio, permeability, ductility and also in some cases shear strength. Various properties of TDAs from mechanical properties to their geometry can affect the mixture behavior. In this paper using the YADE platform, simulations of triaxial tests on sand tire mixtures are presented. To take compressibility into consideration, each rubber crumb particle is made of several spheres connected elastically to each other. For sand particle generation the clump technique was employed. Shapes of both sand and rubber particles are inspired from real grains. As properties of sand and rubber are different, especially Young modulus, rubber sand interaction is considered as soft rigid contact. Therefor harmonic average and arithmetic average was used to compute contact Young modulus (and then stiffness). The model was validated by comparison of results of triaxial tests simulation on pure rubber sample with literature ones which both exhibited linear stress-strain curve. Then triaxial tests with different sand to rubber ratio were simulated to see whether harmonic average or arithmetic average gives the best match to literature. The results show shear strength reduces by decreasing of sand to rubber ratio. This is the same as what is reported in literature.

Natural Rubber-Whisker Alumina Fiber Composite Materials for Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Applications

Alumina fiber is a ceramic material used as a dispersed phase or filler to reinforce the mechanical and improve thermal properties of natural rubber via vulcanization process at curing temperature 150°C. The amount of alumina fiber added in natural rubber was varied from 0 to 50 phr on 100 phr of natural rubber in a sulfur curing system. Adding 10 phr alumina fiber affects to obtain the best natural rubber composite samples having good mechanical and thermal properties. Tensile strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of adding 10 phr whisker alumina fiber encoded NR-Al-10 are equal to 14.38±1.95 MPa, 1038.4±41.45%, 545.63±25.67 MPa and 0.2376±0.0003 W/m.K, respectively, better than those of pure natural rubber compounds without adding alumina fiber. Tensile strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of natural rubber without adding alumina fiber are equal to 14.06±6.03 MPa, 949.41±52.15%, 496.32±8.54 MPa and 0.2500±0.0003 W/m.K, respectively.

Investigation on vulcanization degree and residual stress on fabric rubber composites

Based on the rubber vulcanization kinetics equation and the mechanical constitutive model, the effect of vulcanization degree and residual stress on the fabric rubber composites and Ω-shaped fabric rubber seal molding are investigated. First, the three-dimensional homogeneous vulcanization constitutive equations of rubber materials are derived, and the thermal conduction and the rubber vulcanization kinetics are simulated by finite element method with UMATHT and UMAT subroutines. Second, the vulcanization kinetics process is analyzed and optimized which is verified by rubber seal formulation vulcanization experiments. Finally, the vulcanization degree and the residual stress of fabric rubber during the vulcanization process are analyzed, which indicates that the maximum residual stress of fabric rubber composite is ten times that of the pure rubber. The investigation on the vulcanization degree and the residual stress distribution during the vulcanization process will provide a theoretical guidance for optimizing the parameters and evaluating the properties of fabric rubber composites.

Electromechanical-Conductive Natural Rubber Doped Eggshell and Eggshell Membrane for Drug Delivery and Actuator Applications

Natural rubber composite materials were prepared by using sulfur curing system of STR 5L added with hen eggshell and eggshell membrane to increase electrical and mechanical properties for biomimetic actuator and artificial muscle applications. Samples were vulcanized at temperature 150°C. Hen eggshells and eggshell membrane powder (0, 20, 40, and 60 phr) were added into natural rubber. The main composition of hen eggshells composed of 96.35 wt% calcium carbonate (CaCO3) while mostly composition of hen eggshell membrane is fibrous protein in terms of collagen. The best condition is addition of eggshell 40 phr (formula 3) and eggshell membrane 20 phr (formula 5) to obtain the highest storage modulus response equal to 2.85 x 106 and 2.97 x106 Pa, respectively. The curing time (Tc90) of pure natural rubber (formula 1), formula 3, and formula 5 are 8.22, 6.73, and 5.67 min, respectively. Furthermore, the curing time, rheology, and electrical field response of natural rubber composite materials were measured by moving die rheometer and impedance analyzer, and reported here.

Performance evaluation of alumina trihydrate and silica-filled silicone rubber composites for outdoor high-voltage insulations

In recent years, silicone rubber-based composites have been widely investigated for outdoor applications due to their promising insulating properties. However, mechanical, thermal, and tracking properties of pure silicone rubber are very poor, which restrains its application for long-term performance. In this research work, the influence of microsized alumina trihydrate (ATH) and micro/nanosized silica (SiO$_{2})$ fillers on mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV-SiR) has been studied. SiR-blends with varying amounts of ATH and SiO$_{2}$ particles were prepared by blending in a two-roll mixing mill, compression molding, and postcuring processes in sequence. In order to evaluate relative tracking and erosion resistance of SiR-blends, an inclined plane test (IPT) was conducted in accordance with the ASTM D2303 standard procedure. Surface temperature distribution was recorded using a Fluke-Ti25 infrared camera during IPT experiments. Thermogravimetric analysis was carried out to analyze the thermal stability of ATH and silica-filled silicone rubber samples. Tensile strength, percent elongation at break, hardness, erosion, tracking resistance, and thermal properties were also investigated and discussed. Results showed that the mechanical, thermal, tracking, and erosion performances of SiR-blends are improved by the incorporation of ATH and silica particles, which is governed by filler type, size, and wt. % in the polymer matrix.

Study on dynamic mechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers based on natural rubber/thermoplastic elastomer hybrid matrix

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are a kind of smart materials which is mainly made up of matrix materials and magnetic particles. Its mechanical properties can be controlled under external magnetic field. In this study, the MREs based on natural rubber and a blend of natural rubber mixed with thermoplastic elastomer styrene (ethylene butylene) styrene (SEBS) were prepared respectively. The sample of MREs were prepared using conventional rubber-mixing technology. The changes of dynamic rheological properties, mechanical properties, and thermal stability were tested. The results showed that the MREs based on natural rubber/thermoplastic elastomer SEBS had better processability, higher zero modulus and MR effect than MREs based on natural rubber. The zero modulus and MR effect of MREs were increased after adding thermoplastic elastomer to natural rubber matrix. The thermal stability of MREs based on natural rubber/thermoplastic elastomer SEBS had no difference with MREs based on pure natural rubber. An internal structure that the sulphur connect the SEBS with natural rubber was proposed to describe the thermal stability of MREs based on natural rubber/thermoplastic elastomer SEBS.

An experimental and numerical study on the compressive behavior of sand-rubber particle mixtures

This paper discusses the behavior of sand-rubber particle mixtures under one-dimensional compression tests. First, experimental results on ideally prepared sand-rubber particle mixtures with different rubber contents are discussed. Then, novel simulations using the Discrete Element Method are presented. The grain-scale deformability of the rubber particles is considered using a bonded particle model. The model is calibrated based on the experimental results of pure sand and pure rubber and it is further validated for all intermediate rubber contents. The numerical model is able to accurately predict the compressive behavior of the mixtures as well as the residual strain.

Arenga Pinnata–Silicone Biocomposite Properties via Experimental and Numerical Analysis

Due to high flexibility and elasticity, silicone rubber has been widely used in many applications especially in medical and industrial sectors. However, pure silicone rubber experiences weak tensile strength and this can be improved via filler addition. Therefore, this paper aims to produce a new type of silicone biocomposite (Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite) and assess its mechanical properties, physical properties and morphological characteristics. The effects of Arenga pinnata filler on the silicone rubber are investigated by comparing the mechanical properties between pure silicone rubber and 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite. Uniaxial tensile test was conducted on these soft materials to obtain stress-strain data, which then converted into engineering stress–stretch ( σ E – λ ) data. These experimental data were fitted to Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin models to acquire the material constants. Its physical characteristic was studied via density test and the morphological surface on the break surface was examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The average maximum tensile strength of the specimen with the addition of 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata filler is found to be 0.65 MPa. This signifies a decrease of its strength compared to pure silicone rubber (average maximum tensile strength = 0.85 MPa). However, in contrary, it is found that the presence of Arenga pinnata fibre has increased the stiffness and density of the silicone rubber. When comparing to experimental data, it could be observed that both Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin models could mimic better the elastic behaviour of the 12 wt.% Arenga pinnata-silicone biocomposite compared to pure silicone rubber. Observing the SEM images, no agglomerations of Arenga pinnata filler can be seen thus conforming good dispersion of the filler. The images also show good fibre adhesion between the filler and the matrix. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of Arenga pinnata filler has enhanced properties of pure silicone rubber. In addition, this study promotes the benefits of utilising natural fibres as fillers in composite materials. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.24.3.18296

Study on the impact of graphene and cellulose nanocrystal on the friction and wear properties of SBR/NR composites under dry sliding conditions

The wear resistance of pure rubber materials is very limited in engineering applications, such as pneumatic or sealing elements. In order to improve their wear resistance, various fillers were incorporated into the rubber matrix. In this background, the present work deals with the investigations of the mechanical and tribological properties of SBR/NR rubber composites containing 1 part per hundred rubber (phr) graphene and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), respectively. The sliding wear tests were performed on a block-on-ring tribometer against a 100Cr6 bearing steel ring under dry sliding conditions. The results revealed that the incorporation of graphene and CNC slightly increases the storage modulus and decreases the hysteresis loss. However, the glass transition temperature was not affected. In the studied range of load conditions, it was found that the friction and wear properties of the rubber composites strongly depend on the normal load and sliding velocity. The wear resistance was obviously improved, especially under low F·v-factors, when CNC were introduced into the rubber composite. Under F·v-condition of 12 N and 0.1 ms−1, the specific wear rate was reduced by approximate 70% after addition of CNC compared to that of the benchmark material. The optical analysis of the wear track on the steel counterface reveals that this low wear rate can be attribute to the formation of a thin tribofilm on the steel disc surface.