Puntius Gonionotus Research Articles

Diversity of Fish Species in Lubuk Larangan Kampung Surau, Gunung Selasih Village, Pulau Punjung Sub-district, Dharmasraya Regency

This paper discusses the diversity of fish species in the Lubuk Prohibition of Kampung Surau, Nagari Gunung Selasih, Pulau Punjung Sub-district, Dharmasraya Regency. This study was conducted for one month from April 1-30, 2022. The results of the study found 16 fish species from 4 orders, 6 families, and 16 genera. Among the species collected, the most dominant is the order Cypriniformes with 68.75% followed by the order Perciformes and the order Cypriniodontiformes with 12.50% each, and the order Anabantifoemes with 6.25% of the total fish species. Species with vulnerable status are Hemibagrus mumurus, Barbonymus gonionotus, Cyclocheillichthys Apogon, Macrochirichthys macrochirus, and Osphronemus goramy.

KUALITAS DAN TINGKAT PENCEMARAN AIR WADUK TITAB, BULELENG

Monitoring water sources is essential to ensure the quality and quantity, one of which is in the Titab Reservoir. The purpose of the study was to assess the water quality and amount of pollution in the Titab reservoir in terms of physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics, as well as the NVC of Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) fish. There are five station points for water sampling and 10 test parameters related to water quality. Data analysis compares test results with second-class water quality standards (Bali Governor Regulation No. 16/2016), IP value (pollution index), and NVC with Furton's equation. The test results obtained that the water in the Titab reservoir has a temperature of 28.97oC, TSS (0.18 mg/L), pH (8.82), BOD (3.22 mg/L), COD (16.70 mg/L), DO (6.77 mg/L), Total Phosphate (0.12 mg/L), Nitrate (0.19 mg/L) and Fecal Coliform (960 MPN/100 mL), the IP value was 1.39, and the NVC was 1.65. Thus, the pH, BOD, and Fecal Coliform levels of the Titab reservoir water did not match the specified limits, although the other parameters satisfied the water quality norms. The Titab reservoir's water is classed as mildly contaminated with the NVC value of tawes fish, referring to the Titab reservoir's polluted water.
 Keywords: Tawes Fish, Titab Reservoir, Water pollution, Water quality.

Effects of selected dietary plant oils on survival, growth, fatty acid profile, and enzyme activity of a tropical hybrid carp (Barbonymus gonionotus ♀ × Hypsibarbus wetmorei ♂) larvae

Hybrid lemon fin barb is a new tropical carp species developed by crossing silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus, ♀) with lemon fin barb (Hypsibarbus wetmorei, ♂) to cover the production gap in Malaysian aquaculture, as the tasty wild H. wetmorei is being overexploited. Different plant oils such as crude palm oil (CPO), linseed oil (LO), canola oil, sunflower seed oil and soybean oil were tested for the larval stage of this fast-growing and delicious carp species. Three-day old hybrid larvae were arbitrarily assigned to twenty 5-L tanks with a rate of 50 larvae L−1. After 20 days of the feeding trial, weight gain, total length gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of hybrid larvae fed diets containing CPO and LO were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of larvae fed with soybean oil. Survival of larvae fed CPO was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of larvae fed LO, canola oil and soybean oil diets. Total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) reported were high in hybrid larvae fed soybean oil followed by CPO while larvae fed CPO had the highest (p < 0.05) total body monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of larvae fed CPO, LO, sunflower seed oil and soybean oil were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) accordingly. The larvae fed the CPO diet had the highest (p < 0.05) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (ARA), total n-3 fatty acids and n-3/ n-6 ratio while dietary CPO and linseed oil increased larval body eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content. There was a significant interaction (p < 0.05) in dietary linoleic acid (LA) and ARA provided by different plant oils on ARA in hybrid larval body. Moreover, among plant oils used in the experiment, CPO was fetched at the lowest price. In conclusion, the use of dietary CPO in hybrid lemon fin barb larval diets is more economical and feasible.

Replacing fish oil with crude palm oil in the diet of larval hybrid lemon fin barb (Barbonymus gonionotus ♀ × Hypsibarbus wetmorei ♂)

Hybrid lemon fin barb is a novel carp species produced in Malaysia crossing lemon fin barb (Hypsibarbus wetmorei, ♂) and silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus, ♀). As the delicious wild H. wetmorei is being overexploited, this new hybrid species is produced, filling the production gap in Malaysian aquaculture. The hybrid larvae in our previous study showed high tolerance to bacterial diseases and revealed the suitability of culturing hybrid lemon fin barb in the tropics. The effects of increasing dietary replacements level of fish oil (FO) with crude palm oil (CPO) were investigated for the larval stage of this fast-growing and delicious carp species. Three-day old hybrid larvae were randomly allocated to fifteen 5-L tanks stocked at the rate of 50 larvae L−1. Five micro diets containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% dietary substitution levels of FO with CPO levels were formulated. An extra replicate tank was maintained for each treatment for enzyme sampling at 4-day intervals. After 20 days of the feeding trial, dietary replacement of FO with CPO did not significantly affect (p > 0.05) survival and growth of hybrid lemon fin barb larvae. Dietary CPO reduced (p < 0.05) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in hybrid larval tissues. Partial replacement of FO with CPO in hybrid lemon fin barb diets showed no lipid vacuoles in the liver and gut during the challenge test against A. hydrophila. In conclusion, total replacement of FO with CPO is acceptable for the culture of hybrid lemon fin barb larvae; though considering the health status of larvae, 75% replacement of dietary FO with CPO would be more applicable. However, lipid metabolism seems low at the early larval period in larvae fed dietary CPO.

Improvement of growth and hematological profile of juvenile silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) through dietary probiotic (Bacillus sp.) supplementation

Improvement of growth and hematological profile of juvenile silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) through dietary probiotic (Bacillus sp.) supplementation

Improvement of growth and hematological profile of juvenile silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) through dietary probiotic (Bacillus sp.) supplementation

Improvement of growth and hematological profile of juvenile silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) through dietary probiotic (Bacillus sp.) supplementation

Toxicological effect of sumithion pesticide on the hematological parameters and its recovery pattern using probiotic in Barbonymus gonionotus

The experiment was conducted to clarify sumithion induced hematoxicity in silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) through in vivo exposures (25 % and 50 % of LC50 of sumithion) and subsequent recovery patterns using normal and probiotic treated feed were also assessed. Three treatments each incorporating three replications were used in the experiment for different days (1, 7, 14, 21, and 28). Treatment T1 was control (0 mg/L), and two concentrations, such as 2.61 mg/L (25 % of 96 h LC50), 5.21 mg/L (50 % of 96 h LC50) were used as Treatment T2 and T3, respectively. After 28 days of exposure to pesticide half of the fishes of T2 and T3 were reared in sumithion free water with normal (T2N, T3N) and probiotic treated feed (T2P, T3P). The median lethal concentration (50 %) for 96 h was 10.42 mg/L. In pesticide-treated groups, values of each hematological parameter (blood glucose, red blood cell, hematocrit, and hemoglobin) decreased but prevalence and severity of micronucleus and white blood cells increased significantly (p< 0.05) with concentration and time duration. Other blood indices including mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were correspondingly changed in comparison to the control. In the recovery experiment, the silver barb recovered spontaneously, but the recovery rate was significantly higher in probiotic treated groups than normally treated groups in time and duration reliant fashion. In conclusion, persistent sublethal dosages of sumithion caused hematological abnormalities in silver barb. Probiotic supplement can recover the damage but only 28 days of recovery is not enough to recover the total alterations.

ECOLOGICAL NICHE BASED ON FISH FOOD COMPETITION AND FEEDING HABIT PATTERNS IN THE JATIBARANG RESERVOIR

The purpose of this study was to determine ecological niche, the types of fish caught using gillnet and fishhook, the abundance of plankton, feeding habits and food competition in Jatibarang reservoir. The research was conducted from July until October, 2020. Tilapia (Oreachromis niloticus), Milkfish (Chanos chanos), Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Java Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), and Red Devil (Amphilophus amarillo) were several types of fish found in the Jatibarang Reservoir. The total abundance of plankton was 4220 ind /, with L.Chlorophyceae dominating with a value 1780 ind / L and Zooplankton with the lowest abundance value of 20 ind / L. The result of the dominant Index of Preponderence (IP) showed Chlorophyceae class as the staple food of Tilapia, Grass Carp and Java Barb with values of 49.86%, 45.16% and 52.34% respectively. Milk fish and Red Devil had no main food (IP &lt; 40%). The others class of plankton (Bacillariophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae, Dinophyceae, Euglenoidea Cyanopyceae, Fragilariophyceae, and Zygnematophyceae) appeared as complementary foods (IP value 4-40%) and as additional food (IP value lesser than 4%). Milkfish was also found to have the highest ecological niche value of 4.577 and the Red Devil with the lowest value. The result of the niche overlap indicated the strongest good competition occurred between Tilapia and Gras Carp with a yield value of 1, and the lowest overlap value was found between Milkfish and Red Devil.

Proximate Composition of Selected Freshwater Fish from Kampung Peta, Johor, Malaysia

Four species of freshwater fish from Kampung Peta, Johor namely Osteochilus flavicauda (Rong batu sirip), Labiobarbus festivus (Kawan), Barbonymus gonionotus (Lampam Jawa) and Puntioplites bulu (Tenggalan) were investigated in this study. The selected freshwater fishes from the Cyprinidae family were analyzed for their physical properties and proximate composition. The fishes exhibited weight of less than 400 g and have body length between 16 to 23 cm. Proximate analysis revealed that all fish species had comparable (p &gt; 0.05) crude protein (13.40 - 13.75%) and ash content (2.76 - 3.27%) with each other. The moisture content was found to be between 77.02-82.65% where B. gonionotus exhibited a significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher percentage than the other species. The freshwater fishes were identified to be a lean fish containing crude fat of less than 2%. The highest (1.09 %) and lowest (0.48 %) amount of fat were recorded for O. flavicauda and B. gonionotus respectively. Meanwhile, the carbohydrate value ranging from 0.46 % to 5.26 % was inversely related to the protein content. Significant differences in carbohydrate value (p &lt; 0.05) were observed between O. flavicauda (5.26%), L. festiva (2.91 %) and B. gonionotus (0.46%) while L. festiva and P. bulu (3.57%) showed insignificant differences (p &gt; 0.05). These values are useful as a baseline data on the nutritional quality of freshwater fish from Kampung Peta, Johor.

Malathion-Induced Hematoxicity and Its Recovery Pattern in Barbonymus gonionotus.

An experiment was conducted to assess malathion-induced hematological responses of Barbonymus gonionotus (silver barb) and its recovery patterns in malathion-free water. Fish (45 days old) were exposed to two sublethal concentrations, namely, 25% and 50% (i.e., 3.78 and 7.56 ppm) of LC50 (15.13 ppm) of malathion for 28 days, followed by a postexposure recovery period for the same time. The hematological parameters were examined after 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of exposure as well as after the postexposure recovery time. Except in the case of the control group (0% of malathion), the obtained results revealed that malathion exposure resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence and severity of micronucleus and lower values of Hb, PCV, and RBC and significantly higher values of WBC in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The values of blood glucose, MCV, MCH, and MCHC showed mixed trends during the experiment. During the recovery period, all blood parameters (micronucleus, glucose, Hb, PCV, RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, and MCHC) partially recovered, which means that the recovery period was not long enough for the organisms to recover from the previous exposure. The study thus confirms that hematology is a sensitive indicator for fish to detect toxicity caused by different chemicals. Changes in these parameters can provide useful information about environmental conditions and risk assessment of aquatic organisms.

STUDI ALOMETRI DAN HUBUNGAN PANJANG BERAT IKAN TAWES (Barbonymus gonionotus) DI ALIRAN SUNGAI DEMPOK DESA GAMPINGAN KECAMATAN PAGAK KABUPATEN MALANG JAWA TIMUR

Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) is one of the fish species whose habitats are in the Sengguru River, Gamping Village, Pagak District, Malang Regency, East Java. Research was conducted to see the growth and relationship of length and weight of tawes fish (Barbonymus gonionotus) for six months from February to July 2020. The data from the measurement of length and weight of each fish will be analyzed to determine the nature of its growth, whether allometric (b?3) or isometric (b=3). Negative allometric growth (b&lt;3) is the increase in length faster than weight gain, while the weight gain is faster than the increase in length is a positive allometric growth (b&gt;3), if the growth in length and weight is balanced it is called isometric (b=3). The results consisted of 240 Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus), which had a length range of 145 to 285 mm and weights of 40,4 to 496,2. The length and weight relationship were then analyzed with the linear regression equation obtained the results in February W = 0,000926L2,206, March W = 0,012377L1,726, April W = 2,64E-06L3,308, May W = 0,000492L2,323, June W = 4,62E-05L2,781 dan July W = 7,76E-05L2,680. February, March, May, June and July showed negative allometric fish growth patterns, while in April showed positive allomertic growth patterns. Keywords: Barbonymus gonionotus, growth, long strenuous relationship

Reproductive and immuno-biochemical response of silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) fed dietary l-tryptophan

Tryptophan (Trp) influences several physiological functions, including reproduction, stress and immune function in fishes. The present study investigates the effect of dietary Trp supplementation on growth, reproduction, health of Silver barb, Barbonymus gonionotus. A basal diet (control/T1) with varying level of L-Trp at 0.4% (T2), 0.8% (T3) and 1.6% (T4) were fed to experimental fishes (71.04 ​± ​1.62 ​g) for 60 days period. Results indicate higher growth in groups fed 0.4% L-Trp compared to control (p ​< ​0.05). Percent survival was found to be low in all fed groups; however, 0.4% L-Trp (83.33 ​± ​3.33) was not significant as compared to control (93.33 ​± ​3.33). Significant effect (p ​< ​0.05) of dietary L-Trp was evident on the expression level of GnRH-II gene, with 6.26-fold-changes observed at 0.4% level. Reproductive functions (gonado-somatic index, fecundity and egg diameter) were better in groups fed 0.4% L-Trp (p ​< ​0.05). Ovarian histology indicates advanced maturation in fed groups, compared to the control. However, plasma melatonin showed elevated level in 0.8% and 1.6% L-Trp fed groups (p ​< ​0.05). Hemato-biochemical indices as a measure of the health status of the fish indicates elevated total leukocyte and decreased erythrocyte counts in fed groups (p ​< ​0.05). Blood glucose was lower (48.11 ​± ​1.63 ​mg. dl−1), whereas respiratory burst activity (0.60 ​± ​0.02) was higher in 0.4% Trp compared to other groups (p ​< ​0.05). In conclusion, dietary L-Trp supplementation at 0.4% helps to augment growth performance in Silver barb, besides improving reproductive performance.

Dietary chitosan promotes the growth, biochemical composition, gut microbiota, hematological parameters and internal organ morphology of juvenile Barbonymus gonionotus.

In this study, we determined the effects of dietary chitosan on the growth, biochemical composition, gut microbiota, and hematological and histological parameters of juvenile Barbonymus gonionotus. Three test diets containing three different concentrations (1, 2, and 3 g kg-1 feed) of dietary chitosan were formulated. A basal diet without dietary chitosan was considered a control, and the fish were reared for 60 days. Comparing the effects of the dietary chitosan-containing diets with those of the control diet, we found that dietary chitosan significantly improved the muscle growth, nutrient and mineral contents, hematological parameters, lactic acid bacterium abundance, and digestive enzyme activities of B. gonionotus. Moreover, dietary chitosan significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria in fish. Interestingly, an increase in the dietary chitosan level significantly enhanced the protein contents of the muscles and inversely significantly decreased the lipid contents compared to those with the basal diet. Quantitative study revealed that dietary chitosan significantly enhanced the length of intestinal villi, and qualitative study showed that dietary chitosan considerably reduced the fat content in the liver and improved the morphology of the kidney compared to those with the basal diet. Taken together, our results suggest that the application of dietary chitosan at a dose of 1 g kg-1 feed produced the highest benefit to treated B. gonionotus, indicating its potential for safe use in aquaculture.

Keragaman Ikan Genus Barbodes di Sungai Nagara Desa Pandak Daun Kecamatan Daha Utara

Species diversity can be defined as the number of species among the total number of individuals of all existing species. The existence of fish, especially fish of the Barbodes genus, is very important for the ecosystem, besides that, fish of the Barbodes genus also function as a source of protein for humans. The purpose of this study was to describe the diversity of fish of the genus Barbodes found in the Nagara River. This research was conducted in the Nagara River, Pandak Daun Village, North Daha District in August-January 2021. There are 2 zones to catch fish, namely settlements and vegetation using a net measuring 10 x 2 m. This research method uses descriptive method with random sampling technique. Diversity was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The results obtained were three types of fish of the genus Barbodes. Namely lampam putih fish (Barbodes gonionotus), lampam merah fish (Barbodes schwanenfeldii), and abang-abang fish (Barbodes altus). The highest diversity with the value H' = 1,04 and the lowest H' = 0,61.

Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan yang Terdapat di Sungai Air Jernih Kecamatan Padang Guci Hulu Kabupaten Kaur Provinsi Bengkulu

Abstract. This research aims at investigating the diversity of fish species contained in Air Jernih River Padang Guci Hulu District Kaur Regency Bengkulu Province. The method used in this research was the direct survey method to the research location. The sampling technique was conducted by dividing the station based on the characteristics of the river consisting of three locations, namely station A with the characteristics of the river that is rocky and mossy, the station B with the characteristics of the river that is rocks and pebbles (coral), and station C is with sandy river characteristics. From the research results, it can be revealed that the diversity of fish contained that the diversity contained in the three stations, having different fish diversity on station A with the index of diversity of 0.58, station B with the index of diversity of 0.57, and on station C with diversity index 0, 66. The types of fish contained in Air Jernih river of Padang Guci Hulu District Kaur Regency Bengkulu Province were containing 7 species belonging to 5 families. The fish species are: Gobiinae (Sicyopterus cynocephalus), Anabantidae (Anabas testudineus), Ciclidae (Oreochromis niloticus), Anguillidae (Anguilla marmorata), and Cyprinidae (Rasbora argyrotaenia, Barbonymus gonionotus and Osteochilus vittatus). Keywords: diversity, river fish air jernih

Evaluation of the Partial Replacement of Dietary Fish Meal With Fermented or Untreated Soybean Meal in Juvenile Silver Barb, Barbonymus gonionotus.

Fish meal (FM) has excellent protein and lipid profile. However, FM is losing its acceptability and substituted with plant protein due to FM has high price, high demand, and sustainability issues in global aquaculture production. In this study, experimental diets were prepared by substituting FM with fermented soybean meal (FSM) or normal and untreated soybean meal (SM) to assess the effects on growth, hematology, innate immunity, gut physiology, and digestive enzyme activities in juvenile silver barb, Barbonymus gonionotus. Five diets, that is, 40% FM (FM 40), 20% FM + 20% FSM (FM 20 + FSM 20), 20% FM + 20% SM (FM 20 + SM 20), 40% FSM (FSM 40), and 40% SM (SM 40) were fed to the fish two times daily for 90 days. After 90 days of feeding trial, FM 40, FM 20 + FSM 20, and FM 20 + SM 20 diet groups showed significantly higher weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) compared to the FSM 40 and SM 40 diets. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) and viscerosomatic index (VSI) were significantly higher in fish fed with the FSM 40 and SM 40 diets than those of fish fed with the FM 40 diet. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte count were significantly lower in fish fed with the SM 40 diet compared to fish fed with the FM 40 and FM 20 + FSM 20 diets. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the liver were significantly higher in fish fed with the SM 40 diet compared to fish fed with the FM 40 diet. However, serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in fish fed with the experimental diets were unaltered. Fish showed significant reduction of villus height (Vh) in the anterior and posterior intestine of fish fed with the FSM 40 and SM 40 diets, whereas muscular thickness was opposite to the findings of Vh. Digestive enzyme activities in intestine were significantly higher in fish fed with the FM 40 diet compared to those in the SM 40 diet. The results of the present study revealed that the 50% of FM can be replaced by FSM or SM as a source of protein without affecting the growth of juvenile silver barb.

The effect Calotropis gigantea leaf extract on eggs hatchability and survival of Barbonymus gonionotus larvae

This study aims to determine the Calotropis gigantea extract against hatchability of Barbonymus gonionotus eggs infected with pathogenic fungi. The research was conducted at Fish Seeds Center Krueng Batee, Aceh Barat Daya district, from July to August 2020. Statistical analysis used a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 6 treatment and 3 replications for each treatment. The treatments were carried out by immersing the Barbonymus gonionotus eggs into C. gigantea leaf extrcact. Namely Control (without extract), A (400 ppm extract), B (800 ppm extract), C (1200 ppm extract), D (1600 ppm extract), and E (2000 ppm extract). ANOVA test results showed that the addition of C. gigantea leaf extract had asignificant effect (P<0.05) on hatchability and survival of B. gonionotus larvae. The best treatment was achieved at the C treatment (800 ppm extract) with 88 % hatching rate and 92,54 % survival rate. From the results of this study, it is known that using C. gigantea leaf extract can increase the hatchability of B. gonionotus fish eggs infected with the Saprolegnia sp. pathogen, which means it can also increase the production of fish seeds.

Effects of Chlorpyrifos Ethyl on Cholinesterase and Growth of Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus)

Chlorpyrifos ethyl is a popular insecticide widely used in agriculture within the Vietnamese Mekong delta, including for rice farming. Here, local farmers often apply pesticides at very high rates which leads to contamination of the surrounding environment. Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) is a fish species indigenous to the delta, which resides in a variety of water bodies and is also commonly cultivated in rice–fish systems. As a result, this species is at high risk of exposure to chlorpyrifos ethyl. This study aims to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) of chlorpyrifos ethyl, as well as the effects of sub-lethal concentrations on the activity of cholinesterase and growth of Silver barb. Lethal concentration testing was conducted in a static non-renewed system. Three concentrations of chlorpyrifos ethyl (1%, 10% and 20% LC50-96 h) were conducted in triplicate to assess the effects of chlorpyrifos ethyl on the brain cholinesterase (ChE) of fingerling fish for 15 days, and on their growth for 60 days. Results showed that chlorpyrifos ethyl was highly toxic to fingerling Silver barb with a LC50-96 h of 0.119 ppm. The lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) was 1%LC50-96 h for ChE and 10%LC50-96 h for growth. No observed effect concentration (NOEC) of chlorpyrifos ethyl for growth was 1%LC50-96 h. The result from this study suggests that ChE activity is significantly inhibited at environmentally realistic concentrations in the Vietnamese Mekong delta and can be used as a biomarker of pesticide exposure. Further study in the rice fields as well as in the canals or rivers is required.

Effect of Cadmium (Cd) heavy metal in Tempe Lake, Wajo Regency on histopathology of silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus)

Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) is one of the riches of indonesia waters which is classified as a fish that is easy to adapt and is consumed by the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) contamination in tempe lake, Wajo Regency on the histopathology of silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) liver. The samples used were 15 fish with 5 fish liver samples in each station. Measurement of heavy metal levels was carried out by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) and obtained the concentration of cadmium (Cd) in the contaminated fish organs, namely 0.04 - 0.33 µg / g with a mean of 0.11± 0.08 µg / g. Organ (liver) preparations were fixed using 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF), dehydration using graded alcohol, embedding using paraffin, cutting with a thickness of 4 µm stained using haematoxylin eosin and then observed. The data analysis used is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of observations of damage or histopathology that occurs in the liver, which indicates degeneration, hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis. The level of damage to the tissue depends on the concentration of metals contaminated in fish organs. Most of the damages that occur are thought to be due to exposure to heavy metals dissolved in the waters of the fish ecosystem which has passed the threshold.

Histopathological view of silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) kidney that contaminated by heavy metal Cadmium (Cd) in Tempe Lake, Wajo Distric

Start Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) is widely consumed by the community and is the dominant type of fish caught throughout the year in Lake Tempe. The purpose of this study was to determine the histopathological view of the kidneys in silver barb contaminated with heavy metal cadmium (Cd). Samples were used is 15 silver barb with each of 5 kidney samples at each station. Measurement of heavy metal content was carried out with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and obtained cadmium (Cd) concentrations in the kidney organs of contaminated fish which were 0.29 - 1.94 µg / g with an average of 0.77 ± 0.12 µg / g. Kidney organ preparations were fixed using 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF), dehydration using graded alcohol, embedding using paraffin, cutting with a thickness of 5 μm and stained with haematoxilin eosin and then observed. Analysis of the data used is descriptive qualitative. Based on observations obtained by damage or histopathology that occurs in the kidneys namely fat degeneration, connective tissue formation, necrosis, hemorrhage and an increase in the number of melanomacrophages. The level of damage to the tissue depends on the concentration of the metal contaminated in the fish’s organs. Damages that occur are thought to be caused by exposure to heavy metals dissolved in the waters of the fish ecosystem which have passed the threshold.