Suction Pump Research Articles

Detection of the Use of Mask to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 Using SVM, Haar Cascade Classifier, and Robot Arm

In the effort to hold up the case spread of COVID-19’s growth rate by implementing health protocols such as the use of masks, supervision is needed especially for the people who have not or still have problems to wearing masks. In this research, the system utilizes the robotic power to identify visitors whether they are wearing masks or not, and automatically distribute masks if the user is detected as not wearing a mask. The user face detection process uses the Haar Cascade Classifier algorithm and SVM (Support Vector Machine) to classify users who wear masks or not. For the user who is detected as not wearing masks, myCobot-Pi with the support of suction pump will distribute masks to users. The use of myCobot-Pi as a raspberry pi based robotic arm allows the application of the system on devices that are minimal in terms of specifications and size. Through trials by taking 41 examples of detection cases, 29 cases were found that managed to detect the correct use of masks. In addition, in this study we use PP sheet plastic protector to replace the packaging of the mask because it can be carried by the suction pump properly.

Accuracy Analysis on Dual Pressure (Positive and Negative) Calibrator Design to Investigate the Sensor Response

Calibration is an activity to determine the conventional correctness of the value of measuring instrument designation and measuring material by comparing against the measuring standards that are traced to national or international standards. A sphygmomanometer is a device used to measure blood pressure. Suction pump is a tool to suck various types of fluid formed from the body's secretion process that under certain conditions need to be cleaned. DPM (Digital Pressure Meter) is a tool for calibrating sphygmomanometers and suction pumps. Therefore, it takes a calibrator device to calibrate both tools. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensor response and analyze the accuracy of the design of a dual pressure calibrator (+ and -) that can be used for two devices at once (sphygmomanometer and suction pump) using one sensor (pss-C01V-R18 autonics). The research was conducted at the Campus of the Department of Electrical Engineering Of The Ministry of Health Surabaya, first the data was taken from three different brands of sphygmomanometer and suction pump, the second data was taken using module calibrators, and the third data collection from modules and comparison tools (DPM). In this study successfully measured positive and negative pressure with autonics sensors, the results obtained are accurate in accordance with the results of standard tools. The result of this tool can be used for dual pressure calibrators using autonics sensors.

About the “Heat Shock” Phenomenon

At present, depletion and diminished performance of oil formations take place. Operation of low production wells is carried out using ESP units at the rate of max. 35 m3/per day under low suction pressure of centrifugal pumps. The drop of the centrifugal pump suction pressure below the saturation pressure leads to liberation of free gas in the pumped mixture. Operation of a centrifugal pump during pumping of gas-cut mixtures results in reduction of the ESP unit efficiency. The loss of the pump efficiency leads to the fact that the substantial part of energy is consumed on heating and temperature rise of the centrifugal pump. Operation of a centrifugal pump at elevated temperatures results in frequent faults of the ESP units and in salt deposition. In some cases, faults of the ESP units may occur out of the blue due to the uncontrolled heat release and temperature rise. Let us call a sudden uncontrolled heating of a centrifugal pump a “heat shock”. The pump failure as a result of a heat shock is normally classified as the “wrongdoing of the oil producing organization personnel”. This article addresses the possibility of detection and elimination of the “heat shock” moment - a sudden ESP failure. Solution of this problem will be useful for design engineering of the pump automatic control.

Improving the performance of the compound labyrinth weirs using an artificial ventilation approach

Abstract Compound labyrinth weirs are a new shape that is used to increase discharge. The air pockets behind the nappe flow are a big problem for the hydraulic performance of the labyrinth weirs. The study aims to use the artificial ventilation approach to improve the performance of the compound labyrinth weirs. The current study proposes artificial ventilation techniques to mitigate the pressure behind nappe flow and to improve the coefficient of discharge. The data have been collected for three cases (without vented (WV), with vented (V), and with suction (S)). The results indicated that the pressure distribution behind nappe flow was not similar for all tested points. Also, a slight negative pressure was observed when H′t/P′ was measured between 0.1 and 0.2. Artificial ventilation with a suction pump was the best technique to reduce pressure behind the nappe flow when compared with a vent pipe device. Furthermore, the compound coefficient of discharge (Cdc) using the suction and vent devices was greater than the compound coefficient of discharge (Cdc) without the vent devices by 10% and 4.5%, respectively. The empirical equations were provided to predict the compound coefficient of discharge when pressure data behind nappe flow is available.

P-674 Optimal aspiration pressure level of suction pump for oocyte retrieval in IVF-ET

Abstract Study question What is the appropriate suction pump pressure for oocyte retrieval in terms of oocytes and embryos quality? Summary answer The pressure of 150mmHg had a significantly higher number of oocytes retrieved compared with 120mmHg, but the oocyte quality and embryo quality were comparable. What is known already There is no conclusion on the optimal aspiration pressure level for oocyte retrieval in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), and a variety of pressures between 100 and 200 mmHg are used, often based on manufacturer’s instructions. Study design, size, duration A retrospective analysis was performed on a total of 211 COS cycles of infertilie patients from September 2019 to December 2021 in a single tertiary center. 110 cycles were included in the 120 mmHg pressure group and 101 cycles were included in the 150 mmHg pressure group. Participants/materials, setting, methods Age, AMH, antral follicle count (AFC), the proportion of ICSI, the number of retrieved oocytes, the number of MII oocytes, MII rate, degeneration rate on day 1 of culture, and the number of embryos on day 3 of culture was compared and analyzed between the two groups. Variables such as Age, AMH, and AFC that may affect the results were corrected using analysis of covariance. Main results and the role of chance The number of retrieved oocytes was significantly higher in the 150 mmHg group compared to the 120 mmHg group (10.3 vs. 8.4, p = 0.016). Neither the number of MII oocytes nor the MII rate was significantly different between the two groups (6.1 vs. 5.5, p = 0.509 and 67.2% vs. 73.4%, p = 0.437 respectively). The degeneration rate on day 1 of culture and the number of embryos on day 3 of culture were also not significantly different between the two groups (6.2% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.282 and 5.7% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.109 respectively). Limitations, reasons for caution Since this study analyzed the appropriate pump pressure for oocyte retrieval in infertile patients, caution is needed in extending the study results to patients undergoing oocyte retrieval for the purpose of fertility preservation. Wider implications of the findings The results of this study revealed that oocyte collection could be efficiently performed without damaging the oocytes even with a higher aspiration pressure of 150 mmHg. Trial registration number not applicalbe

P-685 Optimal aspiration pressure level of suction pump for oocyte retrieval in IVF-ET

Abstract Study question What is the appropriate suction pump pressure for oocyte retrieval in terms of oocytes and embryos quality? Summary answer The aspiration pressure of 150mmHg had a significantly higher number of oocytes retrieved compared with 120mmHg, but the oocyte quality and embryo quality were comparable. What is known already There is no conclusion on the optimal aspiration pressure level for oocyte retrieval in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), and a variety of pressures between 100 and 200 mmHg are used, often based on manufacturer’s instructions. Study design, size, duration A retrospective analysis was performed on a total of 211 COS cycles from September 2019 to December 2021 in a single tertiary center. The analysis was performed on patients who underwent COS for the purpose of infertility treatment. Participants/materials, setting, methods 110 cycles were included in the 120 mmHg pressure group and 101 cycles were included in the 150 mmHg pressure group. Age, AMH, antral follicle count (AFC), the proportion of ICSI, the number of retrieved oocytes, the number of MII oocytes, MII rate, degeneration rate on day 1, and the number of embryos on day 3 were compared between the two groups. Variables such as Age, AMH, and AFC were corrected using analysis of variance. Main results and the role of chance The number of retrieved oocytes was significantly higher in the 150 mmHg group compared to the 120 mmHg group (10.3 vs. 8.4, p = 0.016). Neither the number of MII oocytes nor the MII rate was significantly different between the two groups (6.1 vs. 5.5, p = 0.509 and 67.2% vs. 73.4%, p = 0.437 respectively). The degeneration rate on day 1 and the number of embryos on day 3 were also not significantly different between the two groups (6.2% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.282 and 5.7% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.109 respectively). Limitations, reasons for caution Since this study analyzed the appropriate pump pressure for oocyte retrieval in infertile patients, caution is needed in extending the study results to patients undergoing oocyte retrieval for the purpose of fertility preservation. Wider implications of the findings The results of this study revealed that oocyte collection could be efficiently performed without damaging the oocytes even with a higher aspiration pressure of 150 mmHg. Trial registration number Not applicable

Determination of Insecticide Residues in the Air at the Breathing Zone While Exposure the Long Lasting Insecticidal Net Using Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry - (GC-MS/MS)

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are highly effective tools for preventing malaria infection and reducing associated morbidity and mortality [1]. Vector management chiefly through the usage of insecticide inside recurring spraying (IRS) as well as durable insecticidal nets (LLINs). The concept of utilizing insecticide-treated bed nets came during World War II, when Germans, Russian, and US armies began dealing with their combat uniforms of theirs as well as bed nets to safeguard them against vector-borne problems, primarily malaria as well as leishmaniasis [2]. There are many kinds of nets accessible. They differ by size, material, or therapy. The majority of nets are produced from polyester but nets can also be obtainable in cotton, polyethylene, or maybe polypropylene [3,4]. These insecticides are proven to pose really low health consequences to other mammals and humans, but are extremely poisonous to insects and knock them down, while at really low doses [5]. Mosquitoes drawn towards the LLIN due to the attraction of host (Personnel sleeping down the net), on landing the Insecticide present on the nets knockdown and kill the mosquitoes [6]. The health consequences from the LLINs themselves haven't been properly investigated as well as reported in the peer-reviewed scientific literature. A scientifically rigorous, objective, and also a transparent examination of the risks related to LLINs is necessary to give risk-benefit considerations from this promising technological innovation. Pyrethroids present in the air even they are semi-volatile organic compounds. The pesticide inhalation exposures from the bed net were estimated based on indoor Bomann study [7] The level of breathing zone pesticide was estimated this experiment and determined the concentration of active ingredient present in the breathing zone while using the Deltamethrin 1.52 g/kg coated onto filaments Polyester Long Lasting insecticidal Net. The possible daily systemic dose likely to prevail at the breathing zone due to the inhalation of insecticide while sleeping under the treated net is determined. The experiment was conducted in a chamber of size 10 ft x 10 ft x 10 ft (L x B x H). The net sample was fixed in the room following the routine usage pattern. The indoor air was sampled at an interval of 0 hr (5 minutes after experiment initiation), 2 hr, 4 hr, 9 hr, 10 hr, 11 hr, 12 hr and 14 hr. The air sampling was done at a constant flow rate of 5 L/min for 5 minutes (25 L of air). At each sampling occasion the air was suctioned through silica cartridges from four pre-determined locations of the room using suction pump assembly having air rotameters. The experiment was repeated for three days. The residue of Deltamethrin in air was determined for a period of 14 hours in static conditions (no air exchange in the experimental chamber) and dynamic condition at an air exchange rate 0.5 AER/h.

Structural Controls on Crustal Fluid Redistribution and Hydrothermal Gold Deposits: A Review on the Suction Pump and Fault Valve Models

Structural Controls on Crustal Fluid Redistribution and Hydrothermal Gold Deposits: A Review on the Suction Pump and Fault Valve Models

A suction pump sampler for invertebrate drift detects exceptionally high concentrations of small invertebrates that drift nets miss

A suction pump sampler for invertebrate drift detects exceptionally high concentrations of small invertebrates that drift nets miss

Sequential Redo Bilateral Lung Transplantation in a Patient with a Prior Heart-Lung Transplantation with Tracheal Anastomosis

<h3>Introduction</h3> Redo lung transplantation (LT) for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is technically complex. We present a redo bilateral LT after previous heart-lung transplantation (HLT) with salvage of tracheal anastomosis and donor-to-donor main bronchi anastomoses. <h3>Case Report</h3> Patient is a 22-year-old male with previous HLT 17 years prior for pulmonary arterial hypertension now with preserved cardiac function, CLAD (FEV1 36%) with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure, and pulmonary fungal infection with multidrug resistant <i>Lomentospora prolificans</i>. Prior to listing sputum culture was negative for fungal growth. His LAS was 45.8, and he spent 36 days on the wait list prior to a suitable donor being identified. Surgical approach involved redo clamshell thoracotomy. To control for possible fungal dissemination both lungs were explanted simultaneously under cardiopulmonary bypass, and extensive irrigation of chest cavities and trachea was completed with amphotericin B and caspofungin. The prior tracheal anastomosis was left intact. Pump suction and cell salvage was avoided. Standard sequential implantation with donor-to-donor main bronchi anastomoses was completed. Lung explant pathology demonstrated active subtotal and total bronchiolitis obliterans (C1) associated and necrotizing and non-necrotizing granulomas. Primary graft dysfunction was grade 1 at time 0, 24, 48, and 72 hrs. Postoperative antifungal regimen was Olorofim, caspofungin, and inhaled amphotericin B. No short-term airway complications were encountered. First transbronchial biopsy (TBBx) demonstrated moderate acute cellular rejection (ACR; A3B2), and <i>Lomentospora prolificans</i> growth. Due to persistent fungal growth, but no evidence of fungal pneumonia on chest imaging, systemic antifungal regimen was adjusted to fosmanogepix, miltefosine, posaconazole, and caspofungin. After 5 days of new antifungal regimen, 500 mg methylprednisone x 3 days was administered for ACR. Patient was discharged home on POD32. Second TBBx demonstrated no ACR but fungal elements persisted. <h3>Summary</h3> Redo bilateral LT after HLT with salvage of tracheal anastomosis and donor-to-donor main bronchial anastomosis is feasible without airway complications. Antifungal regimen will continue with re-evaluation at 6 months postoperatively.

Pipeline Laser Methane Detector Based on TDLAS Technology for In-situ Direct Measurement

In order to quickly detect methane gas in real time, solve the defects of the traditional “extraction method” methane concentration measurement of gas pipeline based on pump suction or differential pressure sampling, and ensure the sensor’s performance requirements for resolution, a pipeline laser methane detector for in-situ direct measurement, based on TDLAS technology, has been developed. By studying effect of different chamber length on the resolution of different concentrations of methane gas, the gas chamber with length in the range of 4∼6cm can meet the performance requirements as much as possible, and the detector combine with the processing circuit designed with low power consumption for concentration demodulation. Test has shown that the measurement error in the range of 0%∼10% is less than ±0.05%CH4, and the measurement error is less than ±5% of the true value in the range of 10%∼100%.

Instavac Portable Suction Pump

Biomedical Safety & Standards: April 01, 2022 - Volume 52 - Issue 6 - p 43 doi: 10.1097/01.BMSAS.0000824328.79962.9b

Control and realization of intelligent fishing system based on PLC and fuzzy PID algorithm

In this paper, based on the frequency conversion constant speed control principle theory, to control the stability of the number of fish pipe to fish for the technical means, to control the number of fish to ensure catch efficiency and damage rate as the main purpose, research and design based on the fuzzy PID controller of intelligent pump suction fishing control system, determine the system platform, sucking fish overall frame structure of the control system is given, A complete electrical control system is designed. The purpose of this paper is to obtain a fully functional fish suction equipment control system, specifically realize the intelligent catch count, control fish suction switch, lossless fish transfer speed control system switch and automatic cycle control.

A Market Review of Available Airway Suction Technology.

Airway injuries are the second leading cause of potentially survivable battlefield death and often require airway management strategies. Airway suction, the act of using negative pressure in a patient's upper airway, removes debris that can prevent respiration, decreases possible aspiration risks, and allows clearer viewing of the airway for intubation. The most important characteristics for a portable airway suction device for prehospital combat care are portability, strong suction, and ease of use. This market review searched academic papers, military publications, Google searches, and Amazon to identify devices. The search included specific characteristics that would increase the likelihood that the devices would be suitable for battlefield use including weight, size, battery life, noise emission, canister size, tubing, and suction power. Sixty portable airway suction devices were resulted, 31 of which met inclusion criteria - 11 manually powered devices and 20 battery-operated devices. One type of manual suction pump was a bag-like design with a squeezable suction pump that was extremely lightweight but had limited suction capabilities (vacuum pressure of 100mmHg). Another type of manual suction pump had a trigger-like design which is pulled back to create suction with a firm collection canister that had increased suction capabilities (vacuum pressures of 188-600mmHg), though still less than the battery operated, and was slightly heavier (0.23-0.458kg). Battery-operated devices had increased suction capabilities and were easier to use, but they were larger and weighed more (1.18-11.0kg). Future research should work to lighten and debulk battery-operated suction devices with high suction performance.

Effectiveness Study on The Vacuum Biomass Gasification System Using Variation of Suction Pump Rotation Power and Biomass Wetness

Environmental damage and depletion of fossil fuels trigger the development of biomass conversion technology to produce environmentally friendly fuels. One of them, biomass conversion technology is vacuum pressure biomass gasification technology. Previous research has succeeded in converting biomass energy into electricity, but the results are still not effective. In this regard, the effectiveness of the gasification system needs to be improved in this research. The combination of dry biomass and soaked biomass, as well as the combination of suction pump rotation at 1400 and - 2800 rpm, is the focus of this study. Based on the experimental results, the larger the motor rotation, the higher the vacuum pressure. The soaked biomass is more stable in maintaining the level of the amount of biomass in the reactor and the reactor is never overflowing. The combination of 2800 rpm rotation with drenched biomass can maintain the reactor temperature maintained at 800-1000 °C, the most stable and highest evaporation rate is around 23.0 x 10-4 kg/s, and produces the highest heat rate of 5.19 kilowatts. Based on this, the combination of soaking biomass with a rotation of 2800 rpm produces the best effectiveness.

Stem Cell Harvest From Adipose Tissue

Background: Differentiation, self-renewal, immunomodulation, and angiogenesis are all capabilities of stem cells that can help improve tissue structure (Bacakova et al, 2018). In adipose tissue, there is a stromal vascular fraction (SVF) that contains a variety of cell types that can transdifferentiate between endothelial and adipogenic cell lineages. (Schreml et al., 2009). The procedure used to harvest adipose tissue, such as liposuction or excision, has an impact on the quality of SVF and ADSC recovered from it. Barzelay et al., 2015). Literature review: The two most common locations for stem cell harvest are bone marrow and fat tissue. Taking stem cells can be done in a variety of ways, depending on the source of the cells. Isolating stem cells from preimplantation embryos is how embryonic stem cell retrieval is done. Liposuction is the removal of subcutaneous tissue with the help of a suction pump and an aspiration cannula introduced through a skin incision. Suction-assisted lipectomy, suction lipoplasty, and liposculpture are other synonyms for liposuction. The advantage of liposuction over resection for obtaining stem cells is that it is less intrusive and can preserve neurovascular structures. In addition, liposuction preserves fluid balance and reduces patient discomfort. A high-speed cannula is used in liposuction to disrupt adipocytes. This procedure has the potential to cause cellular harm. Adipocyte viability and transplant survival will be improved by using less stressful adipose tissue extraction procedures. (Simonacci et al., 2017). Under general anaesthesia, the resected tissue was removed whole. In order to separate ADSC, fibrous tissue and visible blood vessels were removed from the retrieved adipose tissue. Resection of adipose tissue produced more SVF and ADSC cells than liposuction, according to Iyyanki et al and Faustini et al. This differs from the findings of a prior study by Schreml et al. Conclusion: Liposuction and resection both have advantages and downsides when it comes to extracting stem cells from fat tissue. There was no discernible difference in the removal of stem cells from adipose tissue by liposuction versus excision.

The synthesis of an amended membrane coated with graphene oxide and dopamine and guanidyl-based modifier and its antifouling properties.

The membrane fouling issue has aroused great concern. To improve their antifouling properties, surface grafting with oxidative deposition were employed to amend a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. The modifiers were amino-modified graphene oxide (AMGO), dopamine (DPA) and 1,3-diaminoguanidine hydrochloride (DAGH). To take bovine serum albumin (BSA, 1 g/l) as an example of organic materials, BSA interception rate and pure water flux recovery rate increased to 93.65% and 66.74%, respectively, while the corresponding values for the original membrane were much lower (72.82% and 31.72%). The optimum synthesis conditions were found to be 1.5 mg/ml of DPA, 1 wt% of DAGH, 2 mg/ml of AMGO, 4 h of DPA oxidation deposition time and 1 h of AMGO grafting time. Many functional groups like C = N, -NH2, C = O and -OH improved the membrane surface hydrophilicity leading to a higher resistance to organic pollution. Dopamine and guanidyl facilitated the antimicrobial performance of the modified membrane, whose antimicrobial rate was up to 96%, while the raw membrane had no antimicrobial activity. The amended membrane possessed 40% higher mechanical strength than the initial one. It could withstand a high pumping suction force. The noteworthy property was that the irreversible fouling rate decreased by 55%. Therefore, the amended membrane could restore its flux much more easily.

First Atlantic record of the rare infaunal shrimp Salmoneus erasimorum Dworschak, Abed-Navandi amp; Anker, 2000 (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae).

The rare symbiotic alpheid shrimp Salmoneus erasimorum Dworschak, Abed-Navandi Anker, 2000 was previously known from a single specimen collected with a suction pump on the Croatian coast in the Adriatic Sea, together with its host, the ghost shrimp, Gilvossius tyrrhenus (Petagna, 1792). A second record of S. erasimorum is presented here, with a diagnosis and the first colour photographs, based on a single specimen collected in northern Brittany, France, also with a suction pump, but without its host. This is also the first record of the species on the European coast of the Atlantic Ocean. An annotated list and a key to the species of Salmoneus currently known from the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea are provided.

Comparative anatomy of the rostrosoma of Solifugae, Pseudoscorpiones and Acari

We compare the microscopic anatomy of the mouthparts of representative species of Solifugae, Pseudoscorpiones and Parasitiformes (Acari). Specifically, we focus on the epistome, the labrum, the lateral lips (= endites of the pedipalpal coxae) and the musculature of the pharyngeal suction pump. We provide evidence that the labrum is reduced in Solifugae, but present and functional in Pseudoscorpiones and Acari. The epistome constitutes the entire dorsal face of the rostrosoma in Solifugae, but is internalized into the prosoma in Pseudoscorpiones. In Acari, the epistome shows an ancestral morphology, probably close to the ground pattern of chelicerates. The lateral lips of Solifugae contribute to the ventral face of the rostrosoma and the two lips of the mouth opening. In Solifugae, the ventral rostrosoma also includes a sclerite that might derive from a tritosternum. In Pseudoscorpiones, the lateral lips remain independent of the rostrosoma, they interlock ventral to the rostrosoma forming a perioral space. Here, the rostrosoma has an unpaired ventral lip of unresolved morphological origin, which is, however, clearly distinct from the lateral lips of Solifugae. The pharyngeal suction pump differs in all three clades in attachment, number of muscles and origin of muscles. We interpret the data as evidence for independent, parallel evolution of elements of the ground pattern of the (eu)chelicerate mouth parts. Based on the morphological elements of a common euchelicerate ground plan, the rostrosoma evolved independently in the three clades. We reject earlier hypotheses that consider the rostrosoma a character to support a phylogenetic relationship of the three clades.

Sand Dredging Activities in the Extractive Industry in Nigeria: Impact, Regulation and Remedies

Extractive activities have for a long time been visible in many parts of Nigeria. Artisanal sand mining has been carried out along the coast of the River Niger and the creeks of the Niger Delta for a fairly long period of time. However, the introduction of sand dredging machines (suction pumps) in sand mining enterprise has birthed great concerns for the environment and persons whose livelihood depend on such impacted environment. These dredging activities are oftentimes carried out without bureaucratic discipline and in shear disregard of statutory governance. This has continued unabated as the host communities of these dredging activities appear helpless due to a lack of community ownership of land in Nigeria in line with the Land Use Act, 1978 (now Land Use Act Cap L 5 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria [LFN] 2004). Sand dredging cannot be isolated in this discourse but rather situate within the expansive scope of environmental law. The rascality with which sand dredging activities are persistently prosecuted has thrown up grievances by individuals and the public in general which must be contained by the legal system. Can the victims and aggrieved persons find justice? This paper aims to engage access to justice and remedies for victims of sand dredging activities in Nigeria. The settled legal principle of ubi jus ibi remedium is revisited. It evaluates the basic principles which must all co-exist for the courts of justice or other judicial tribunals to validly entertain and determine issues arising from environmental violations. Thus, concepts like cause of action, locus standi, the limitation of action, pre-action notice, judicial review and common law remedies are given critical attention. The writer adopts the doctrinal research methodology and by applicable primary and secondary sources asserts that the common law remedies with the attendant traditional burden of proof in environmental (civil) cases have not adequately answered to the needs of justice in the present milieu, particularly in the area of sand dredging. The paper concludes by suggesting, among other things, the development and recognition of new heads of action at common law to cater for emerging industrial technologies in sand dredging, the codification of environmental obligations of operators in the sector, the adoption of the doctrine of ‘implied warranties’ to make violators much more accountable to the society and the liberalisation of the doctrine of locus standi to guarantee greater access by aggrieved persons to justice.