Design Of Public Spaces Research Articles

Visual Design and Evaluation of Public Space Scene Based on Virtual Reality Technology

Public space scenes are being transformed by virtual reality (VR) technology, offering immersive and interactive experiences that redefine how people engage with their surroundings. Through VR simulations, users can explore and interact with virtual public spaces in ways that were previously impossible. From virtual parks and plazas to digital replicas of iconic landmarks, VR technology allows users to experience the ambiance and atmosphere of public spaces from the comfort of their own homes. Moreover, VR enables designers and planners to experiment with different layouts, amenities, and features, facilitating participatory design processes and community engagement. This paper presents a visual design and evaluation framework for public space scenes using virtual reality (VR) technology, enhanced by Virtual Parallel Edge Hashing Computing (VPE-HC). The framework aims to optimize the design and user experience of public spaces by leveraging VR technology to create immersive and interactive simulations. Through simulated experiments and empirical validations, the effectiveness of the VPE-HC-enhanced VR-based design and evaluation process is evaluated. Results demonstrate significant improvements in user satisfaction, engagement, and usability compared to traditional design methods. For instance, users interacting with public space scenes designed using VPE-HC reported a 40% increase in perceived safety and a 25% improvement in overall satisfaction ratings. Additionally, the framework enabled designers to optimize spatial layouts and amenities based on real-time user feedback and performance data, leading to more effective and user-centric design solutions. These findings underscore the potential of VPE-HC in enhancing the visual design and evaluation of public space scenes based on VR technology, facilitating more inclusive and user-friendly urban environments.

COMPOSITIONAL AND PLANNING COMPONENT OF THE UNIQUENESS OF THE ARCHITECTURAL SPACE OF THE ENVIRONMENT

The study of public spaces through their analysis is key to the recon-struction of historical cities and districts, their adaptation to modern needs, and the resolution of design conflicts. The purpose of the analysis of public spaces should be to determine their "uniqueness" and the potential to improve this quality. The theoretical concepts put forward are confirmed by examples of the organization of public spaces in Astana, methods of analysis of archival materials and studies of modern urban devel-opment. Five factors of the "uniqueness" of public space are established. Based on the analysis of all existing theories, a generalizing idea of the principles of the development of the uniqueness factors of a particular public space is given. Analysis has shown that when planning and implementing the framework of the city, it is important to preserve or qualitatively introduce unique public spaces into its structure. The example of Asta-na has shown that when the status and population of any city changes, a number of dif-ficulties arise that affect the functional and planning framework of the city and the quality of perception of public spaces. Thus, the discrepancy between the large-scale system and the violation of stylistic unity is more often revealed, which destroys the ex-isting identity of the urban environment. A clear understanding of the essence of the problem will help to form the concept of an integrated approach in the design of public spaces and will pave the way for new searches in the architecture of the objects under study.

Chinese American older adults in urban and suburban public spaces: a comparative examination of two Los Angeles settings

ABSTRACT Age-friendly public spaces can improve older adults’ life quality and health. This study investigates low-income Chinese American/immigrant older adults’ needs, preferences, and encountered challenges in public space at two different contexts: central-city Chinatown and suburban Monterey Park in metropolitan Los Angeles. Findings reveal both common and different cultural preferences for public space activities, features, and facilities in these two contexts, as well as the importance of security, proximity, accessibility of neighbourhood public spaces, and culture-related activities and programmes in Chinese. Focusing on this underrepresented group, the study aims to enhance equitable public space planning and design.

Exploring Digital Visualization Methods in Urban Public Building Space Design

Digital technology has driven the innovation of architectural design methods and tools, applying digital techniques to allow greater possibilities for more innovative and scientific design of public building spaces. This article first analyzes the characteristics of digital visualization and its advantages in the design of urban public building spaces, including aspects such as visualizing three-dimensional expression, rational analysis of building space, Virtual Reality Experience, and integration of design and construction processes. Subsequently, by introducing digital design methods such as parametric design, algorithmic generation, nonlinear design, and artificial intelligence-assisted design, it explores the methods and implementation approaches of digital visualization in the design of public building spaces. The aim is to offer insights and references for the deeper integration of digital technology into architectural design practices.

Research and Design of Public Spaces for Elderly People in Rural Areas

With the progress of society and economic development, China has reached an aging population. According tothe Chinese population census data, China has entered the second stage of an aging population society and has become one of the countries with the fastest growth rate of the elderly population in the world. It is expected that the elderly population in China will reach 250 million within the next fifteen years and exceed 450 million by 2050. Additionally, China is a country with uneven development between urban and rural areas. Many young and middle-aged people choose to work in cities, which leads to most rural residents being elderly. Thus, the phenomenon of the elderly living alone by themselves occurs. Therefore, the government and related experts are increasingly concerned about the physical and mental health of the elderly. The establishment of the elderly activity center is to meet the needs of the elderly cultural life, improve the level of elderly physical and mental health, and promote the harmonious development of the countryside. Many countries aware of this problem would emphasize park construction and nursing home design for the needs of the elderly. However, little research are performed on the activity center and public spaces for the elderly in underdeveloped rural areas. Design countermeasures of the public space should consider the physical, psychological, and behavioral needs of the elderly. This study summarizes the influencing factors, design principles, and design methods of public spaces to effectively meet the needs of the elderly for public activities. By creating and improving public social spaces suitable for the elderly in rural areas, the elderly can lead a comfortable life and solve loneliness issues.

A New Strategy for Planning Urban Park Green Spaces by Considering Their Spatial Accessibility and Distributional Equity

Urban park green spaces (PGSs) are crucial social public resources that provide various ecological services and enhance human health and well-being. However, with the acceleration of urbanization, the accessibility and equity of urban PGS resources are increasingly threatened. This study aims to propose an integrated framework that considers accessibility and equity simultaneously to optimize the planning and layout of urban PGS within the high-speed ring road of Hefei City. This study first used an improved two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method to quantify the level of accessibility of urban PGS within the ring road. Then, with the use of Lorenz curves, Gini coefficients, and bivariate correlation coefficients, the equity characteristics of these PGSs were quantified and evaluated, followed by an analysis of their relationships to the accessibility levels. Based on this comprehensive evaluation, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was employed to the areas with low accessibility and equity levels to propose targeted PGS optimization strategies. The results showed that the accessibility of PGS was unevenly distributed, exhibiting a clear spatial difference of “east–west clustering”. The number of subdistricts with good (52.24–94.78) and best (94.79–283.58) accessibility was four, which was less than one-tenth of the total number of subdistricts in the study area. At the subdistrict level, the Gini coefficients for the accessible area of all types of PGSs were substantially higher than the international warning line of 0.4, indicating a substantial inequity in the population’s access to PGS. The implemented PSO algorithm resulted in eight new parks being planned at the specific optimized locations. Based on the actual land use status of the selected sites, recommendations are provided for the planning and layout of PGS. This proposed framework offers valuable data and theoretical insights for urban public green space planning and design in similar regions.

Gendered sustainability: Are public spaces designed for girls good for everyone?: Examining female participation as a strategy for inclusive public space

This article examines female participation as a strategy for sustainable development. The increasing interest in female participation as a sustainability strategy on an international scale, underscores the need for critical examinations of this approach. Centring on contemporary Sweden as a prominent site of this development, this article investigates the municipal use of gendered design processes and gender-sensitive policies. Drawing on the study of five public spaces, this article discusses categorization and processes of inclusion/exclusion and ordination/subordination in relation to the design and use of public spaces. Central to the analysis is a recurring ambivalence identified in the material, where spaces are referred to both as spaces for girls and spaces for everyone. The authors argue that spaces can only fulfil the double demand of being for girls and for everyone if we accept that girls stay subordinated to boys in their use of public space. Drawing on an analysis of the interplay of inclusion/exclusion and ordination/subordination they propose a generalizable model of participation and public space. The article concludes by advocating for the creation of spaces for girls and the creation of spaces for everyone to be treated as two related yet separate tasks.

Caring public space: Advancing justice through intergenerational public space design and planning

ABSTRACT Intergenerational public spaces respond to the needs of both youth and older adults and actively foster interaction, engagement, and understanding between generations. We consider how incorporating an ethic of care into intergenerational public space planning and design could support ongoing practices of care for people and places. We present a framework for a revised approach to intergenerational public space design that centers the practices and potential of care throughout a project’s scope, context, process, practice, and evaluation. Drawing on a study of a new pocket park in Los Angeles, we operationalize this quinquepartite framework to demonstrate how incorporating care can support participatory processes, material infrastructures, and programming interventions that advance justice in intergenerational public spaces, particularly in disinvested communities. We argue that an ethic of care exhibits strong compatibility with the principles of intergenerationality, and ought to be made more central in efforts to plan, design, and program urban public spaces.

Social participation in planning, design, and management of public spaces: the case of Mexico

ABSTRACT Top-down approaches often fail to involve, collaborate with, and consider social actors in the process of planning, design, and maintenance of public spaces (PDMPS). This research addresses how social participation is included in PDMPS in the Mexican case, by identifying the actors, the level of communication achieved, and their authority and power in the PDMPS process. The paper employs a case study approach, informed by semi-structured interviews. We use a democracy diagram to uncover the diversity of involved actors and how they are involved in the process. We show how government could provide support for social participation to implement participatory processes in PDMPS.

Quality of Public Open Spaces in Tirana

With the fall of the communist regime and the start of land privatization, Tirana went through a period of rapid urban expansion that generated an unprecedented explosion of informal settlements and the loss of public/collective spaces. This transformation is reflected in urban form and spatial configuration/perception of the public spaces. To measure the performance of public spaces, it is important to avoid on-size-fits-all, as Carmona states, while pointing out principles for public space design. This research investigates how public spaces succeed in creating a sense of belonging and, thus, creating places. To address this research question, we highlight the qualities of Tirana’s public space through a proposed model of analysis. It develops from the attributes of placemaking with theoretical reference to Kent and GPTs. Attributes are composed of entities measured or quantified to be used as indicators of the quality and livability of public spaces. Compare the four case studies with each other to frame public spaces in relation to their spatial configuration, confronting the project proposal both for its design and the state of livability. The results of this evaluation process will serve as a basis to address future improvement intervention for the community and for the planning practitioners.

EXPLORING URBAN STREETSCAPE DESIGN: COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

The purpose: to analyse and synthesize research on urban street space and the evolution of urban streetscape design concepts, tracing their origins, development, classifications, and design practices.
 Methodology. The study conducts a historical and theoretical review of scientific and literary sources, employing methods of analysis, systematization, classification, and summarization of the obtained results.
 Results. Classical theories of designing public spaces, as well as the development of concepts related to spatial perception and a human-centric approach in design, have been examined and analysed. The interaction of these theories with big data and artificial intelligence in the research and design of urban public spaces has been identified, revealing that such collaboration accelerates the emergence of cutting-edge theoretical and practical innovations.
 Scientific novelty. Based on the analysis conducted, three main research directions in street space are identified and systematized: macro-level research, micro-level research, and research in urban design practices.
 Practical significance: The results of this research establish theoretical foundations and outline directions for the future development of studies in the field of street space design. They can be utilized by architects and urban designers in the process of planning and design.

Correction to: Assessing human emotional responses to the design of public spaces around subway stations: a human factors research

Correction to: Assessing human emotional responses to the design of public spaces around subway stations: a human factors research

Infographic Design of Public Spaces as A Means of Delivering Information for KOPPRI Health Centers

<p class="5Abstract">The KOPRI Puskesmas is one of the Puskesmas in Bandar Lampung City which is located in Jalan Pulau Pisang, Sukarame District. KOPRI Puskesmas is present as one of the Puskesmas that provides the best health services supported by doctors and health workers who are competent in their fields. The conventional way of conveying messages provokes the commitment of the KOPRI Health Center to provide the best service for visitors who are not fully known by the public, which is not in line with the essence of indoor communication media that inspires enthusiasm. Infographics are practical media that can be presented statistically or digitally, such as publications on social media and websites. Infographics are useful in 1) Presenting complex information that is pleasing to the eye, 2) Brief interpretation of the substance of the message by the audience, 3) Increasing the effectiveness of digital marketing, and 4) Increasing the interest of message readers. This study uses a qualitative approach method. In the qualitative approach method, there are two sources of data that are used as a reference for analysis, namely primary data and secondary data. The KOPRI Puskesmas infographic design uses a creative approach, namely the mind mapping method which is very commonly used to find new ideas, based on spontaneity and creativity</p><p> </p>

Optimization Design of Public Space in Huizhou Traditional Villages

In the renovation of public activity spaces in traditional villages in Huizhou, preserving the existing architectural style while combining the vitality of space use provides new perspectives for promoting rural development and the needs of villagers' lives. Research on the public space in Qinghua Town, Wuyuan County, analyzes the characteristics and role of traditional public space, and summarizes its status quo, dilemma and design strategy under the contemporary problem of rural hollowing out. Further, through the design practice of Qinghua Town, we will explore how to diversify the public space of traditional villages in the context of rural revitalization.

Prioritizing user preferences for quasi – Public space by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP): bursa Podyum park, Turkey case

PurposeThis study aims to fill the lack of quantitative studies of user preferences in quasi-public spaces to observe the use of quasi-public spaces by questioning the contemporary needs of urban communities and to develop design strategies accordingly.Design/methodology/approachWithin the scope of this study, public space design elements affecting users' preferences in the quasi-public spaces of the Podium Park shopping center in Bursa, Turkey were evaluated. By considering the spatial characteristics of the study area, 4 main and 15 subcriteria were determined and utilized by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). These criteria were evaluated by experts and locals with a participatory approach.FindingsAccording to the obtained results, “events” (S2), “sun/shade” (C2), “safety” (P3) and “planting” (U4) subcriteria were determined as the vital elements for quasi-public spaces.Originality/valueAlthough the concept of quasi-public space has been discussed for nearly 30 years, it has been observed that there are no quantitative studies to determine the criteria of user preferences in these open spaces in the literature. This study is the first quantitative research for user preferences in quasi-public spaces and there is no previous study on this subject and study area in Turkey.

Designing for possibility in public space: affordance, assemblage, and ANT

The design of urban public space is inherently problematic because the range of its possible uses and meanings is broad and unpredictable. This paper engages this problematic through the lens of Gibson’s theory of ‘affordances’—the ways the material world affords for human desires. We first explore some conceptual and methodological problems of the theory of affordances and its application in understanding and designing public space. These dimensions of affordance theory are then reconceived using the relational thinking of assemblage and actor-network theory (ANT). A key contribution of the paper is an expanded typology of affordances which includes improvised and serendipitous affordances that extend beyond the intentions of designers and users. This opens new ways of thinking about the design of urban public space as a space of possibility where outcomes are open, multiple, and unpredictable. The paper suggests how urban spaces can be shaped to better support rich cultural diversity and social inclusion.

Современные инструменты развития общественных пространств и их роль в развитии туризма

Currently, public spaces are just beginning to be considered as an object of research in the field of regional economics. Public spaces increasingly determine the image of the urban environment, the comfort of living and the attractiveness of the territory for one-time visits. It is possible to increase the tourist attractiveness of the region by forming an attractive appearance of public spaces of the urban conglomeration. Little attention to the design of public spaces has led to the fact that many newly erected construction projects in Russian cities have a “faceless”, industrial image, unattractive in terms of both permanent residence and visits for tourist pur-poses. This approach is strategically not justified and does not meet modern requirements. The article studies modern approaches to the development of public spaces that correspond to the state of the external environment. The work revealed the place of public spaces in the develop-ment of the tourism industry in the Russian Federation. In the course of the study, it was proved that the design of public spaces can become a tool for the development of tourism and increasing the competitiveness of the territory in the tourism industry. The formation of public spaces makes it possible to solve the tasks set in the Strategy for the Development of Tourism of Russia: in-crease the competitiveness of a tourist product, develop cultural and educational space, business tourism, use an integrated approach to the development of tourism, etc. Such tools for the for-mation of public spaces have already been tested and successfully used: temporary architectural forms, geoplastics; gastro quarters; participatory design, digital means of sup-porting the ecosys-tem of public spaces.

Research on Full-Age Public Space Design in High-Density Cities

Abstract The concept of “full-age” urban public spaces is a critical aspect of modern urbanization, enhancing the multifunctionality of contemporary urban public spaces. This paper examines the design of urban public spaces using “Little Island at Park 55 in New York” as a case study. It delves into three key aspects: spatial intensive utilization, functional agglomeration, and landscape aggregation design. By thoroughly interpreting the original topography of the island space and employing classical Chinese garden techniques, particularly “scenery supporting,” this study analyzes the design evolution and core principles of the case. It summarizes the case’s value and underscores the significance and necessity of all-age inclusive design in modern urban public spaces.

An object in the interior design as a concept of integrating decorative and applied art into the design of premises

The subject of the research is the types of decorative and applied art, the connection of decorative and applied art with the interior design of residential and public spaces. Special attention is paid to the fact that in modern interior design, the tendency to transform interior space using decorative and applied art objects is widespread, which determine the overall style of the room, despite the particular academic design style used in the project. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the influence of the author's thing on the exclusivity of the project, giving a typical interior individuality by including an object of decorative and applied art made specifically for this room, or competently selected by a specialist taking into account the specifics and purpose of the room, the transformation of the project from a typical to an individual one. The author analyzed and systematized modern methods and techniques of introducing the author's art into the interior design of premises for various purposes. Based on the results of the study, a general methodology was formed and proposed for integrating things into the interior of the proposed spaces, the concept of transforming rooms using objects and techniques of decorative and applied art. The main conclusion of the research is that the author's art object of decorative and applied art, created in a certain way and integrated into the interior design, allows to form a certain concept of a thing in the interior, a philosophy or even your own unique and recognizable author's style. The novelty of the research lies in determining the current trend of integrating handmade objects into the interiors and spaces of residential and commercial premises for various purposes in order to give uniqueness, which contributes to the development of the design industry and art in general.

ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ СИМВОЛЫ КИТАЙСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ: ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ДЛЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВА ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПИТАНИЯ

The article traces how the decorative nature of traditional cultural symbols in the design of public dining spaces gradually acquires diversified characteristics. This article deeply analyzes three styles of public catering spaces, to reveal the characteristics of using a number of traditional symbols in Chinese national culture. It analyzes the intrinsic value and “metaphorical” meaning, reconstructs the aesthetics of public catering space, realizes the perceptual and experiential needs of people at the spiritual level.