Public Opinion Control Research Articles

THE INFLUENCE OF STRENGTHENING FINANCIAL SUPERVISION ON ALLEVIATING INVESTORS' PSYCHOLOGICAL ANXIETY

BackgroundFinancial supervision is the general name of financial supervision and financial management. While reviewing the 30-year history of financial supervision, this paper uses scientific and objective quantitative methods to calculate the supervision cycle, which plays an important role in grasping the development law of financial market and implementing financial supervision policies. This paper aims to study the periodic change law of financial supervision and the change of “psychological state” of financial supervision institutions in the process of financial supervision. This paper introduces the dependent variable “financial supervision state” to reflect the “psychological state” of the government. In addition, by using observable macroeconomic indicators, an empirical measurement model is established to study the intangible state of financial supervision with visible macroeconomic data.Research Objects and MethodsSeven factors are selected in this paper. They are real GDP growth rate (GDP), fixed price loan growth rate (FIL), CPI growth rate (CPI), M2 growth rate (MS2), foreign exchange reserve growth rate (FRS), social financing growth rate (SFC) and Shanghai composite index growth rate (SHI). Then, the econometric model is established by using logit method. At the same time, it analyzes the correlation between investors' psychological state and venture capital level, especially the factors of investors' anxiety. The reliability and validity of QSC scale revised by Chinese Academy of Sciences were analyzed. The total correlation coefficients of venture capital decision-making, emotional anxiety, job stress and job satisfaction were greater than 0.5. The scale has high reliability. For effectiveness analysis, the scales used in each structure in this paper, this paper takes emotional labor as independent variable and work stress as dependent variable to explore the impact of emotional labor on work stress.,ResultsFirst, fil and CPI were significant in different models. At the same time, MS2 is of great significance in a model. In fact, CPI is an important factor when regulators design macroeconomic, monetary and financial policies. Second, GDP, FRS, SFC, Shi and other indicators are not significant at this stage and the lag stage of financial supervision. In some literatures, relevant factors are used to study and judge the financial supervision cycle, and some conclusions are drawn. However, based on the above results, we have reservations about these conclusions. Model 58 in SPSS macro compiled by Hayes (2013) is used to test the regulated mediation model. As shown in Table 4, the anterior / posterior pathways of mediating effect are regulated by regulation difficulty. The simple slope test of the anterior path showed that when the level of regulation difficulty was low, interpersonal emotion regulation had a significant positive predictive effect on expression inhibition (β = 0.08, t = 7.91, p ＜ 0.001); When the level of regulation difficulty is high, the positive predictive effect of interpersonal emotion regulation on expression inhibition is significantly enhanced (β = 0.12, t = 11.04, p ＜ 0.001). This shows that the predictive power of interpersonal emotion regulation on expression inhibition is significantly enhanced with the increase of the level of emotion regulation difficulty. β A positive value indicates that the level of psychological state has a positive and significant impact on drug investment.ConclusionFil and CPI are helpful to analyze and judge the financial supervision cycle. In addition, the model can also be used to predict the state of financial supervision, so as to understand the “psychological state” of the government in the implementation of financial supervision. However, this paper still needs further discussion. Firstly, the fuzzy division of financial supervision has the nature of qualitative analysis and still has strong subjectivity. Second, multicollinearity exists in models that use all seven factors. With the help of principal component analysis and factor analysis, the information of multiple indicators can reflect the information of all factors. It will be discussed in depth in the forthcoming paper. Especially as a global public health emergency, the severity of novel coronavirus disease has caused great panic in the world, shaken the minds of investors and triggered fluctuations in the stock market. The pandemic has had varying degrees of impact on drug inventory returns in the world's most affected countries. However, with the control of Internet public opinion and the stability of investor sentiment, the impact is significant in the short term. This will help China improve the stock market emergency mechanism and formulate phased and differentiated economic incentive policies. It provides a theoretical basis for investors to reasonably deal with stock market fluctuations in an emergency.AcknowledgementsSupported by Key Project of Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Science of Ministry of Education of China (No. 15JJD790013), Characteristic Innovation Project of Higher Education in Guangdong Province, China (No. 2016WTSCX131), Higher Education Reform Project of Undergraduate Finance Major in Guangdong Province, China (No. 2018JR030).

Research on the Construction of Emergency Network Public Opinion Emotional Dictionary Based on Emotional Feature Extraction Algorithm.

How to strengthen emergency management and improve the ability to prevent and respond to emergencies is an important part of building a harmonious socialist society. This paper proposes a domain emotion dictionary construction method for network public opinion analysis of public emergencies. Using the advantages of corpus and semantic knowledge base, this paper extracts the seed words based on the large-scale network public opinion corpus and combined with the existing emotion dictionary, trains the word vector through the word2vec model in deep learning, expands the emotion words, and obtains the candidate emotion words according to the semantic similarity calculation, So as to generate a domain emotion dictionary. The accuracy rate of emotion discrimination by the emotion dictionary constructed in this paper is 0.86, the recall rate is 0.92. Through the verification of accuracy and recall rate, the construction method proposed in this paper has good accuracy and reliability. Because of the great differences in different experiences and situations of different groups, there will be great differences in views and perspectives on the same event. The key to prevent the public from blindly following the crowd should be to reach groups close to emotional distance, and targeted prevention and control of public opinion can be conducted according to different characteristics of different groups.

Information‐Centric Networking based content collection and caching mechanism for network public opinion

With the global influence of the COVID epidemic, network public opinion control is particularly important especially for the purpose of stabilizing the panic at home and abroad. Effective public opinion collection and caching mechanism has a positive significance for the rapid spread of network public opinion. Therefore, by analyzing the accurate and rapid requirements of public opinion communication, this paper introduces the concept of Information‐Centric Networking (ICN) to build a public opinion communication system. At the same time, the corresponding public opinion collection and caching mechanism is designed to optimize the dissemination process of the public opinion. The natural distributed structure of ICN makes the process of public opinion collection and caching distributed. Specifically, a suitable cache server is added between different public opinion collection servers via the distributed search engines. The experimental results show that the proposed distributed public opinion collection and caching mechanism can effectively deal with the spread of public opinion under the environment of the global COVID epidemic, including improving the accuracy of the public opinion transmission in time.

The Interaction of the Authority Bodies with Target Groups: the transformation of communication technologies in the era of digitalization (regional aspect)

The research is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of the technologies of authority bodies’ interaction with different target groups under the conditions of digitalization and mediatization of all life spheres of the society. In modern conditions the complex problem of optimizing authority’s interaction with the population is very acute. Scientists are laying emphasis on to the issues connected with the technologies of public opinion control as well as with the peculiarities of authority bodies’ communication with the population in the sphere of public services and providing feedback, and with anti-crisis communications in the sphere of authority bodies’ activities and others. Digitalization emphasizes the need for the transformation of communication technologies. In this situation the study of the principles of work with the latest channels of public authorities interaction (sites, internet media, online press centres, social network accounts) is becoming urgent. It arises the necessity of developing a conceptual model of modern communication of different level authorities with target groups.The task of this research is (a) to determine the principles underlying the authority bodies’ interaction with the audience under the conditions of digitalizing and mediatizing of all life spheres of the society, and (b) to develop the conceptual model of effective communication of different level authorities with target groups. The solving of this task is supposed to enable, first, to work out the principles of public opinion control by means of effective communication practices, PR-technologies; second, to develop methodological principles of authority bodies’ interaction with target groups under the conditions of population free access to the information flows of different directivity as well as practical guidelines on implementing effective practices into the spheres of digital transformation of public administration. The authors provide the basis to model of authority bodies’ interaction with target groups; systematize effective communication practices of interaction between authority bodies and target groups; provide the reasoning for methodological approaches to the development of the principles of interaction between authority bodies and different target audiences by using the latest communication technologies.

Contingency response decision of network public opinion emergencies based on intuitionistic fuzzy entropy and preference information of decision makers

A multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) method based on intuitionistic fuzzy preference information is proposed for the multi-attribute intuitionistic fuzzy group decision-making problem where the decision-makers weight and attribute weight are completely unknown and the decision-maker has preference information for the scheme. Firstly, an intuitionistic fuzzy interval judgment matrix is established to describe the original data of the key decision indicators for multiple network public opinion emergencies that erupt simultaneously. Secondly, the attribute weights are determined based on the improved intuitionistic fuzzy entropy construction method, and the expert weights are determined by using objective decision information, taking into account the intuitionistic fuzzy entropy of decision matrix. MAGDM can not only synthesize experts' professional experience in different aspects, but also avoid experts' decision-making errors caused by insufficient domain knowledge. It is necessary to continuously adjust the expert weight based on decision-making information to make the comprehensive decision-making information more accurate. Thirdly, a scheme preference model and an attribute weight optimization model are established to determine the ranking method of intuitionistic fuzzy interval values. Then, a modified distance measure of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) is introduced to make the evaluation result more accurate and reasonable when it comes to solving the deviation between the evaluation value and ideal solution of each scheme. Finally, the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed decision-making method are verified by an example of emergency crisis severity, It assists decision makers in selecting and implementing the optimal emergency response plan in a timely and efficient manner, which improves the emergency treatment efficiency of network public opinion crisis, helps emergency departments to better deal with the network public opinion crisis, improves the ability of public opinion guidance and control, and provides a new method and idea for multi-attribute intuitionistic fuzzy group decision-making problem.

Weibo core user mining and propagation scale predicting

The research of information dissemination on Weibo(a twitter-like service in China) can help us to better understand the trend of network propagation, and the study of core users on the Internet is of great significance to the control of network public opinion. First, this paper identifies the core users of each tweet by classifying different Weibo events and analyzing its information fragments, information coupling, and propagation hierarchy based on the content and propagation relationship of Weibo news. Furthermore, a new Weibo network information dissemination model was constructed based on the propagation relationship of Weibo users and the classical infectious disease model. Then, according to the propagation pattern of Weibo news, the propagation scale of a single tweet is predicted, and this paper studied the mechanism and effects (impulse effect, clock effect, and herding effect) and the scale of propagation of Internet users in online information dissemination. Finally, the authors conducted simulations in a scale-free network and, meanwhile, compared the results with real Weibo propagation data. The results show that the propagation model proposed in this paper is not only reliable and effective, but also can predict the propagation scale of information on Weibo.

Research on the Emotional Evolution Mechanism of Network Public Opinion Based on an Information Ecosystem

As an important carrier of public emotion expression, public opinion spreads on a large scale with the continuous upgrading of social networks, and effectively controlling the spreading process of public opinion is an essential topic of contemporary social research. In view of the competition between positive and negative information in the process of public opinion dissemination, this paper introduces the theory of emotional infection and proposes a network public opinion communication model based on emotional contagion, considering the reinforcement effect of different individual mentalities and the influence of government intervention. Based on the data from the COVID‐19 epidemic situation, MATLAB simulation technology is used to verify the validity of the model, and the effect of strengthening the validity and government intervention on public opinion control is discussed. According to the experiment, three conclusions have been come up with. First, a positive reinforcement effect can enhance the ignorant participants’ ability to maintain the same emotion as the infected information. When positive information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, it will positively strengthen the ability of people with a positive mentality to maintain positive emotions, which is significantly beneficial to public opinion control. Its essence is to increase the effect of positive information’s belief factor on the dynamic infection rate. When negative information repeatedly stimulates an ignorant person, it will positively strengthen the ability of the person with a negative attitude to maintain negative emotion, which is not conducive to public opinion control. Second, a negative reinforcement effect will strengthen the ignorant ability to change the same emotion as the infected information. When negative information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, the negative reinforcement effect will strengthen the positive people’s ability to change negative information into positive emotion, which is significantly beneficial to public opinion control. Its essence is to increase the effect of suspicion factor on the dynamic immunization rate. It will strengthen the positive mentality and negative mentality into the path of immunization, which is beneficial to epidemic control. When positive information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, it will negatively strengthen the ability of the negative mentality to change the positive information into negative emotions, which is not beneficial to the control of public opinion. It will be harmful to strengthen the path of positive and negative mentality into immunization, which is beneficial to epidemic control. Third, the earlier the government intervenes in public opinion, the better it will be. The essence of intervention is to decrease the dynamic incitement rate.

Research on the evaluation and risk prevention and control of college network public opinion and ideology emergency management ability

Since the 21st century, with the continuous improvement of my country's economic and cultural level, my country's network technology is also developing rapidly, and the Internet has become an indispensable tool in our social life, providing social ideological and cultural and public opinion information dissemination huge help. The Internet is now an important carrier of cultural education in colleges and universities. On the one hand, it provides convenience for college students' study and life, helps college students master knowledge, broaden their horizons, and becomes a new platform for guiding college students' social value orientation and shaping correct ideas. On the other hand, the authenticity of network information is uneven, the speed of dissemination is alarming, and the ability of college students to identify public opinion information is poor, making colleges and universities a distribution center and a high-incidence area for the fermentation of network public opinion. Strengthening the governance of network public opinion in colleges and universities plays an extremely important role in improving college students' ability to understand and analyze problems and their media literacy. Starting from the emergency management capability of online public opinion risk in colleges and universities, this paper aims at four aspects that affect the emergency management ability of online public opinion risk in colleges and universities: students' understanding of online public opinion, students' attention and attitude towards online public opinion, colleges and universities' detection of online public opinion, colleges and universities Ability to research, judge and warn of network public opinion, design questionnaires and put forward hypotheses, use SPSS software to analyze the reliability and validity of the obtained data, use AMOS software to build a structural equation model, conduct factor analysis and path analysis, and verify hypotheses, so as to better To provide pertinent and feasible suggestions for improving the emergency management ability of network public opinion in colleges and universities. This paper uses SPSS and AMOS software to analyze, verify the hypothesis and draw conclusions.

The Process and Model Innovation of Ideological Education Network Communication in Colleges and Universities Based on Cloud Computing

The purpose is to improve the power and innovate the communication mode of mainstream I&P (Ideological and Political) education in C&U (Colleges and Universities). The opportunities and challenges that I&P education is facing or will face in media times are analyzed from three factors: the subjective, the mediator, and the environment, which affect the power of mainstream I&P in C&U. Educational means, carriers, resources, places and times, and the interactions between educators and the educated can bring opportunities for the improvement of the educational power of C&U. However, there are great challenges in all aspects of the mainstream ideology, such as education methods, education ideas, education content, education leadership and discourse power, and network public opinion control. Finally, a series of measures are proposed to improve the power of mainstream I&P education in C&U in media times, and they are updating the concept of media education, strengthening the ideological guidance, ensuring the direction of mainstream I&P education, and optimizing the media environment so that a more perfect innovative mode of I&P education is constructed. The research enriches and develops the theory of mainstream I&P education in C&U, innovates the methods of mainstream I&P education in C&U, and enhances the power of mainstream I&P education.

Еnvironmental and Legal Regulation of Digitalization of Environmental Protection

The article is devoted to certain issues of environmental and legal aspects of the digital environment in the information system of environmental safety, issues of legal implementation of the digitalization program. This article has researched the importance and necessity of environmental digitalization. At the same time, the main idea of digital ecology is considered as the implementation of the National Strategy for Sustainable Development and prevention of Environmental Disasters, control of public opinion on environmental issues, improvement of health and increase in life expectancy of the population, adaptation of the state system of digitalization management in the field of environmental culture, environmental education, environmental safety to the digital environment, use of the possibilities of modern "breakthrough" digital technologies. Environmental digitalization in management comprehensive studies of the system approach to the use of digital environmental resources were conducted, the basics of improving the regulatory legal regulation in the management in the field of environmental safety in the framework of the implementation of the digital program were considered.

Prediction of network public opinion based on bald eagle algorithm optimized radial basis function neural network

PurposeIn the new era of highly developed Internet information, the prediction of the development trend of network public opinion has a very important reference significance for monitoring and control of public opinion by relevant government departments.Design/methodology/approachAiming at the complex and nonlinear characteristics of the network public opinion, considering the accuracy and stability of the applicable model, a network public opinion prediction model based on the bald eagle algorithm optimized radial basis function neural network (BES-RBF) is proposed. Empirical research is conducted with Baidu indexes such as “COVID-19”, “Winter Olympic Games”, “The 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Party” and “Aerospace” as samples of network public opinion.FindingsThe experimental results show that the model proposed in this paper can better describe the development trend of different network public opinion information, has good stability in predictive performance and can provide a good decision-making reference for government public opinion control departments.Originality/valueA method for optimizing the central value, weight, width and other parameters of the radial basis function neural network with the bald eagle algorithm is given, and it is applied to network public opinion trend prediction. The example verifies that the prediction algorithm has higher accuracy and better stability.

The impact of national democratic representation on decision-making in the European Union

ABSTRACT The extent to which decision-making in the European Union (EU) is responsive to national democratic representation has profound implications for understanding how the EU works in practice and for assessing it normatively. The contributions to this special issue examine key aspects of national representation, including national public opinion, elections and partisan government control. They do so with a shared theoretical approach and a newly updated common dataset, which facilitates cumulative knowledge. Here, we identify some of the main findings and their implications. Despite seismic political changes in many national arenas, EU decision-making is marked by more continuity than change. The evidence indicates that EU decision-making does respond to national democratic processes, but in ways that are highly conditional. For instance, member states' negotiating positions in the EU are shaped by public opinion and national parties' positions, but this responsiveness is conditioned by the presence of Euroscepticism, the timing and competitiveness of national elections and coalition politics. We discuss the contrasting implications of the findings from the perspectives of promissory representation and liberal democratic theory.

A censura ao cinema em Portugal. Filmes proibidos e cortados pela Comissão de Censura (1945-1952)

The creation of effective methods and organizations in the defense of the interests of power ensured the improvement and effectiveness of Oliveira Salazar and Marcello Caetano’s regime, as well as their support in Portugal for 48 years. The control of public opinion was largely made through the regulation of shows. Organizations responsible for monitoring, inspecting, analyzing, cutting, prohibiting or approving theatrical and cinematographic contents have been established. In 1945, the first organization responsible for censoring shows was created, the Censorship Commission, which remained with that designation until 1952, the year in which it received the name of Censorship Commission for Shows. Finally, in 1957, it underwent the last change, and became known as the Commission for the Examination and Classification of Shows and remained so until 1974. Based on the analysis of the minutes of the first Censorship Commission (1945-1952), the purpose of this communication is to disclose the films that were subject to classification and censorship during the term of this Commission; to present the results that refer to the approval and disapproval of national and foreigner films, focusing mainly on data relating to Portuguese films, and prohibited movies also analyzing the functioning and performance of the Censorship Commission since its origin, with regard to the deliberations relating to classified film.

Research on Evolutionary Model and Dynamic Analysis for Internet Public Opinion Spreading

Internet public opinion has developed rapidly in recent years, which has more influence on society. The relevant problems of Internet public opinion have become the hotspots of research. The complexity of Internet public opinion spreading brings difficulties to research and analysis. For the problems of Internet public opinion spreading, an evolutionary model of Internet public opinion spreading is built based on evolutionary game theory in this paper, considering three subjects including Internet media, Internet users, and government. Then, the evolutionary stable strategies of the Internet public opinion spreading system are studied. Finally, the influences of the stable strategy of the Internet public opinion spreading system are analyzed through simulation. Relevant conclusions are obtained. The results show that there are multiple possible stable strategies in the evolution of Internet public opinion. The different initial probabilities of the strategy lead to the different stable strategies of the evolutionary system. The stable strategy is influenced by some factors, such as the punished loss of Internet media, the gain of Internet users from government controlling, and the cost of government. These conclusions have a certain guiding significance to Internet public opinion management and control.

Analysis of social media data for public emotion on the Wuhan lockdown event during the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundWith outbreaks of COVID-19 around the world, lockdown restrictions are routinely imposed to limit the spread of the virus. During periods of lockdown, social media has become the main channel for citizens to exchange information with others. Public emotions are being generated and shared rapidly online with citizens using internet platforms to reduce anxiety and stress, and stay connected while isolated. ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the regularity of emotional evolution by examining public emotions expressed in online discussions about the Wuhan lockdown event in January 2020. MethodsData related to the Wuhan lockdown was collected from Sina Weibo by web crawler. In this study, the Ortony, Clore, and Collins (OCC) model, Word2Vec, and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory model were employed to determine emotional types, train vectorization of words, and identify each text emotion for the training set. Latent Dirichlet Allocation models were also employed to mine the various topic categories, while topic emotional evolution was visualized. ResultsSeven types of emotions and four phases were categorized to describe emotional evolution on the Wuhan lockdown event. The study found that negative emotions such as blame and fear dominated in the early days, and public attitudes towards the lockdown gradually alleviated and reached a balance as the situation improved. Emotional expression about Wuhan lockdown event were significantly related to users’ gender, location, and whether or not their account was verified. There were statistically significant correlations between different emotions within the subtle emotional categories. In addition, the evolution of emotions presented a different path due to different topics. ConclusionsMultiple emotional categories were determined in our study, providing a detailed and explainable emotion analysis to explored emotional appeal of citizen. The public emotions were gradually easing related to the Wuhan lockdown event, there yet exists regional discrimination and post-traumatic stress disorder in this process, which would lead us to pay continuous attention to citizens lives and psychological status post-pandemic. In addition, this study provided an appropriate method and reference case for the government's public opinion control and emotional appeasement.

Internet public opinion dissemination mechanism of COVID-19: evidence from the Shuanghuanglian event

PurposeThe sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has become a major public health emergency of global concern. Studying the Internet public opinion dissemination mechanism of public health emergencies is of great significance for creating a legalized network environment, and it is also helpful for managers to make scientific decisions when encountering Internet public opinion crisis.Design/methodology/approachBased on the analysis of the process of spreading the Internet public opinion in major epidemics, a dynamic model of the Internet public opinion spread system was constructed to study the interactive relationship among the public opinion events, network media, netizens and government and the spread of epidemic public opinion. The Shuanghuanglian event in COVID-19 in China was taken as a typical example to make simulation analysis.FindingsResearch results show three points: (1) the government credibility plays a decisive role in the spread of Internet public opinion; (2) it is the best time to intervene when Internet public opinion occurred at first time; (3) the management and control of social media are the key to public opinion governance. Besides, specific countermeasures are proposed to assist control of Internet public opinion dissemination.Originality/valueThe epidemic Internet public opinion risk evolution system is a complex nonlinear social system. The system dynamics model is used to carry out research to facilitate the analysis of the Internet public opinion propagation mechanism and explore the interrelationship of various factors.

Dynamic impact of negative public sentiment on agricultural product prices during COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significantly negative impact on public sentiment, which has resulted in panic and some irrational buying behavior, which in turn has had a complex impact on agricultural product prices. This study quantified online negative sentiment using micro-blog text mining and a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive model (TVP-VAR) to empirically analyze the dynamic impact of negative public emotions on agricultural product prices during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. It was found that the online negative sentiment impacted agricultural products prices during COVID-19 and had significant time-varying, lag, and life cycle characteristics, with the responses being most significant in the spread and recession periods. Differences were found in the price responses for different agricultural products and in different risk areas. The online negative sentiment was found to have the greatest impact on vegetable prices, with livestock products and vegetable prices being mainly positively impacted, fruit prices being mainly negatively impacted, and aquatic product prices being negatively impacted in the early stage and positively impacted in the middle and late stages. The online negative sentiment had the greatest impact on medium-risk area agricultural product prices, followed by low-risk areas, with the lowest impact found on the high-risk area agricultural product prices. Three policy suggestions for epidemic monitoring, public opinion guidance and control, and the timely release of agricultural product information are given based on the results.

A key elements influence discovery scheme based on ternary association graph and representation learning

Key elements refer to the elements that play a crucial role in disseminating information in social networks. The influence discovery of key elements can guide a series of works, such as public opinion control, user recommendation, and marketing promotion. Recently, there have been many studies on the influence of elements, but at present, many methods focus on either the influence discovery of key elements of different types or the dynamic influence discovery of a certain type of element alone, and rarely consider the combination of the two. Therefore, this study proposes a key element discovery algorithm based on a ternary association graph and representation learning, which can detect the influence of paths, users, and user groups. Additionally, the changes of different types of key elements can be analyzed according to the influence of elements in each stage of topic communication.

Information Source, Media Credibility, and Epidemic Control in COVID-19 Pandemic

Based on classic media theories and typical case studies, this paper analyzed the main media types and information sources in COVID-19 infections and the impacts on media trust and social trust, as well as the effects on public health prevention and national epidemic control. It found that news media, social media, aggregated media, medical media, and government media were the five main media types people used in this pandemic. News media performed well on professionalism, timeliness, closeness to public, and social support. Aggregated media and medical media also deserved public trust on error recovery, closeness to public, unselfishness, etc. The fake news on social media, inconsistent data, and information disclosure lag impaired public trust on media. Medical media promoted the health preventive behavior of the public. News media greatly influenced the agenda setting, public opinion, and national epidemic control in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Napoléon et l’Empire de l’opinion : acteurs et enjeux du contrôle de l’opinion publique sous le Premier Empire

This article outlines the history of the administration in charge of the regulation and control of public opinion during the French Empire. The context of this regulation is delineated by examining how Napoleon intended, as early as the Consulate, to merge the Ancien Regime traditions with the new values of the Revolution. This project acknowledges innovative developments in public opinion management, in the shaping of political legitimacy after 1789. I will examine three unpublished manuscripts produced by this administration in order to illustrate the administrative and political implications of the imperial control of public opinion. In addition, I will analyze the historical issues at stake determined by different figures who played a role in this administration.