Public Management Activities Research Articles

Public-Management Activities in the Judicial Authorities of Ukraine in the Context of Increasing the Level of Public Confidence

The article reveals the peculiarities of public-management activities in the system of judicial authorities of Ukraine. It has been established that these activities are implemented by various entities, which include court administration staff; staff of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine and its territorial departments; the Court Security Service; staff of the Higher Qualification Commission of Ukraine; the National School of Judges of Ukraine, etc. Grouping of factors that affect the vectors of the development of public-management activities in the judicial authorities of Ukraine under the conditions of martial law has been carried out. Two groups of factors have been distinguished: principal and non-principal. The main role of public-management activities in the judicial authorities is to ensure functioning of the institutional bodies of the judicial authorities and implementation of the mechanisms of the state to establish the supremacy of law. Dependence of public-management activities in judicial authorities on the effectiveness of the public management system as a whole has been established. Highlighting the principal factors, the article emphasizes that the effectiveness of public-management activities of judicial authorities depends on: 1) the effectiveness of the European principles of good governance implementation; 2) increasing public confidence in judicial authorities; 3) digitization of the administrative processes in courts; 4) overcoming the consequences of hostilities in de-occupied territories and restoring the system of justice. Non-principal factors have been identified, the list of which can be continued. These include: 1) sufficient financing of judicial authorities’ bodies, institutions and agencies; 2) sufficient staffing of court administration and bodies, institutions and agencies of judicial authorities with managers; 3) the level of remuneration of the court administration staff as well as bodies, institutions and agencies of the judicial authorities; 4) updating the organizational and legal principles of public-management activities in judicial authorities; 5) updating the communicative relations of the court staff and other judicial authorities with the media, individuals and legal entities; 6) access to justice for the disabled and other people with limited mobility; 7) improvement of the document circulation system in courts and bodies of justice; 8) strengthening of control over public-management activities in judicial authorities.

Public administrative activity in the conditions of contemporary uncertainty: information and communication aspect

Problem setting. One of the main problems of modern times is the existing huge information flow and the lack of correct, true, and timely information, which causes uncertainty in the process of making management decisions. Such a situation can lead to the inefficiency of public management activities in the conditions of modern uncertainty, a decrease in the level of public support and a decrease in trust in power structures. In the conditions of modern uncertainty, the social significance of management activities and the responsible attitude of all social subjects to their official and public duties are growing. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The analysis of the latest research in the field of public administration shows the significant attention of the scientific community to the issue of establishing effective communicative interaction in conditions of uncertainty, which is associated with the emergence of various types of crisis situations. However, these issues require further in-depth study in the conditions of acute challenges and threats of war and new approaches to public management activity, in particular its information and communication aspect. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the expediency of the development of the information and communication aspect of public management activities to obtain a balanced and adapted management decision in the conditions of modern uncertainties. Paper main body. In the conditions of modern challenges and threats, public management activity is accompanied by uncertainty in its various manifestations, as well as non-standard, high dynamism and multi-criteria when making management decisions. The expediency of the development of the information and communication aspect of public management activity with the aim of obtaining a balanced and adapted management decision in the conditions of modern uncertainties is substantiated. A feature of modern challenges and threats that generate uncertainty and erroneous management decisions is unreliability of information, direct misinformation, and ignorance of how to behave in existing situations. In conditions of uncertainty, established communication links and information flows are disrupted, and new circumstances require information that is relevant in terms of content, effectiveness, and volume. The changes caused by the war also affected media consumption in Ukrainian society. Compared to the pre-war period, its structure has changed, social networks have become the most popular source of information. The main methods of disinformation used in war are fakes, propaganda, manipulation, incomplete information, bots. It has been established that in the conditions of modern uncertainty, the social significance of management activities and the responsible attitude of all social subjects to their official and public duties are growing. With the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation, the need for protection of power structures, officials and citizens in the information and communication space grew even more. It is about both cyber protection and resistance to disinformation influences. The key skills everyone needs in wartime are the ability to build their own digital defenses, maintain emotional and psychological resilience, and critically perceive information. It is argued that in the conditions of war there is a need to increase the level of information hygiene and media literacy of the society in order to develop its own culture of safe information consumption. Conclusions of the research. Russia’s massive invasion of Ukraine accelerated the recognition of the need to integrate media literacy into the national security system, both by key actors of public-management activities and non-state sectors. This requires the development of practical integration mechanisms both at the level of projects and at the level of the regulatory and legal framework. Media literacy should remain part of the security policy in the post-war period as well. It should contribute to the growth of cognitive stability of society, and therefore requires a new integration approach – a combination of media, digital, psychological literacy, and info-hygiene with the aim of forming an appropriate adaptive zone of information and communication comfort. Making management decisions in conditions of uncertainty will depend on the correctness and clarity of the establishment of effective information and communication interaction by the subjects of public management activity.

Особенности административно-правового регулирования предпринимательской деятельности в современных российских реалиях

It is determined that the process of implementing public management activities is aimed at streamlining public relations. The basis of this process is the achievement of a certain state of the public system. Therefore, the use of a particular instrument of legal regulation in the process of regulating any sphere of social relations depends on many economic, political, social factors. It has been established that a change in public life causes a transformation of legislation. It is determined that in recent years, the economic system has changed significantly, which could not but lead to the transformation of the legal regulation of entrepreneurial activity as one of the most important types of economic activity. It was concluded that an important task of public management activities in the field of entrepreneurship is the balanced application of coercive and persuasive measures that allow maintaining the balance of the business-society-state system.

Case Teaching in Public Management

Public management case teaching presents problems selectively through the description of certain situations, aiming to enhance students’ ability to identify, analyze and solve practical problems. However, it is important to choose cases that meet the professional requirements of public management discipline and help students better understand and master relevant theories. The selected cases should reflect the current reality of public management activities and have strong potential for discussion.

Development of rural medicine in ukraine in modern conditions

The article presents an analysis of the problems of the development of rural medicine in Ukraine in modern conditions. The declared research topic covers the time frame of the implementation of the medical reform from 2018 to the present, including the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and the full-scale war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. It was determined that during this period the development of medical institutions in rural areas was affected by major organizational and functional changes. It has been confirmed that a significant event in the development of a new model of management of the medical sphere of rural areas was the change in legislative provisions. It was determined that the Law of Ukraine "On improving the availability and quality of medical care for the population in rural areas" adopted in 2017 has the status of a legislative act of special effect. The law regulates the main principles of implementing public management activities regarding the development of rural medicine by defining the range of subjects of public relations in the specified spheres; outline of the main directions of industry development; implementation of an effective personnel policy; introduction of telemedicine services and local programs for the development of the medical industry in the countryside. It has been proven that the development of rural medicine in Ukraine should have signs of branch integration in regulatory and legal documents of a strategic content, which are adopted at the national and local levels.It has been confirmed that public administrative attention to the development of rural medicine in Ukraine in modern conditions, namely in war conditions, is focused on building a capable network of medical institutions as a state priority in providing quality and affordable services. The problematic field of activity in this direction for local self-government bodies has been outlined and proposals have been developed for improving the management of the development of rural medicine during the period of martial law and post-war reconstruction.

Performance-related pay, fairness perceptions, and effort in public management tasks: a parallel encouragement design

This randomized study explores the causal mechanisms linking contingent pay to individual performance on a series of tasks mimicking real public management activities. Employing a parallel encouragement design in a laboratory setting, we disentangle the overall, direct, and indirect performance effects of perceived fairness as well as a pay scheme that reproduces the merit system provisions adopted by the Italian government. The overall performance effect of that contingent pay scheme turned out to be insignificant when averaged across the four experimental tasks. However, a significant pay-for-performance effect was detected for the most routine task. Moreover, we observed heterogeneity in the treatment effect depending on the participants’ relative positioning in the performance ranking. Overall, the data do not provide support for a mediation model linking contingent pay-for-performance through perceived fairness. Points for practitioners Workers tend to perceive pay-for-performance as fairer than equal pay. The effectiveness of pay-for-performance seems to be greater for more routine tasks. Public organizations and their managers should be aware that the effects of pay-for-performance may be unpredictable because they depend on a multitude of factors.

Возможности и проблемы использования интеллектуальных систем в государственно-управленческой деятельности

The article is devoted to the use of artificial intelligence technologies in various types of public-management activities. Existing problems and the benefits of using them are formulated. The author gave specific examples of the use of artificial intelligence in all spheres of government (political, social and economic.

System of Principles for Leadership Development in Public Administration

The solution of new tasks facing the leaders of public administration at the present stage of development of the Ukrainian state requires an increase in the efficiency of public administration and public administration as one of the priorities based on the principles of democracy, nation and human-centrism. The relevance of the topic of updating the principles of leadership development in public administration is closely related to updating management mechanisms in the information society, changing the traditional paradigm of management, characterized by stability, control, competition, homogeneity, egocentrism and heroism to a new one, which is characterized by fluidity, delegation of power, cooperation, heterogeneity, social relevance and modesty. The new management paradigm, which is partially being introduced into public administration and public administration, increasingly requires the introduction of modern leadership principles, which are manifested through the assertion of moral values in the personality of a leader, his behavior models and reforming organizational structures. According to the author, such signs of leadership as delegation of power and cooperation in public administration determine the development of leadership through its consideration in conjunction with the principle of command.
 The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the priority principles of leadership in public management activities, revealing the state of the study of this issue in domestic and foreign literature. The author of the article focuses on the definition – principle, which is analyzed as the basis for any theory or teaching, explanations or guidelines for action, a person’s inner conviction; basic rule of conduct; features in the creation of something, etc. The article reveals the priority principles of leadership as a prerequisite for the formation of a successful personality, successful leadership qualities.
 The system of principles of leadership development in public administration activities consists of an innovative principle of leadership development; the principle of independence for the development of new rules and regulations; the principle of subsidiarity to ensure the implementation of powers to the bodies of representative power; the principle of socially responsible leadership to ensure ethical relations between subordinates and the leader; the principle of justice, which is a special value measure for maintaining a balance between legal and moral values; the principle of professional and psychological readiness for public administration activities; methodological principle of information and analytical support.

About contradictions, values and incentives of public administration

The key contradictions characteristic of public administration systems in global and national aspects are systematized. The content of the basic values of public management activities is proposed. It is recommended to use the concept of role behavior to improve the organization of employees' activities. In relation to the industrial sphere, the current directions of its state regulation are shown, focused on the preservation of valuable, development and elimination of threats. The mechanism of state stimulation of actual directions of industrial and innovative activity at the macro level is proposed.

The Potential for Coproducing Food Security in Public Housing Communities

The coproduction literature has long acknowledged that citizens are active consumers and producers of public goods. Coproduction tends to be successful when citizens are already engaging in activities that can be enhanced through collaboration with activities of public managers, programs, and agencies. In this article, we investigate the strategies and activities public housing residents engage in to produce consistent access to sufficient nutritious food needed to support a healthy life. That is, we investigate residents’ food security. Focus group responses from adults and adolescents in six public housing communities in the Phoenix metropolitan area reveal barriers and opportunities for leveraging communities to attenuate place-based disadvantages associated with low food security. These responses also demonstrate a potential missed opportunity to engage in place-based solutions that use principles of coproduction to produce and maintain residents’ food security.

Напрями забезпечення правової ефективності етичних кодексів у регулюванні службових відносин

Статтю присвячено визначенню напрямів забезпечення правової ефективності етичних кодексів у регулюванні службових відносин. Автором визначено необхідність здійснення трансформаційних змін структури адміністративного права, що обґрунтовується необхідністю вирішення стратегічних завдань, що стоять перед сучасною державою, що полягає в оптимізації здійснення публічно-управлінської діяльності із забезпечення прав та свобод людини, що визначається як складова частина предмету науки адміністративного права. Метою наукової статті є визначення напрямів забезпечення правової ефективності етичних кодексів у регулюванні службових відносин. Автором підкреслено, що реалізація позитивного підходу дає змогу визначити юридичну відповідальність як здатність, свідоме розуміння суб'єкта на виконання певних дій та реалізацію завдань, що висуваються перед ними, тобто свідоме неухильне дотримання особою покладених на неї обов'язків. У межах даного дослідження категорію «юридична відповідальність» визначено із застосуванням позитивного підходу, що дало змогу врахувати не лише об'єктивний чинник впливу на особу правопорушника, а й суб'єктивний підхід до усвідомлення негативних наслідків учиненого діяння. У статті підкреслено, що вирішення завдання досягнення належного рівня правової ефективності застосування заходів дисциплінарної відповідальності та засобів заохочення є складником механізму забезпечення належного рівня правової реалізації етичних норм у регулювання відносин публічної служби. Як висновок обґрунтовано необхідність визначення на законодавчому рівні системи заохочення як складової частини правового регулювання проходження публічної служби, так само як і системи заходів дисциплінарної відповідальності службовців.

A Hybrid Simulation Approach to Modelling the Impact of Public Interventions on Poverty

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the concept of a hybrid simulation model to study the impact of public intervention on the level of poverty at the local, regional and national levels. Design/Methodology/Approach: The proposed model is the hybrid of two computer simulation methods Agent-Based Simulation (ABS) and System Dynamics (SD). Findings: Counteracting the phenomenon of poverty is one of the tasks of public administration units. Various tools and instruments can be used to fight poverty, as a part of numerous programs financed from public funds, but their implementation should be preceded by a thorough analysis of the effects arising after their application. This is not easy, because the phenomenon of poverty is very complex, it results from the arrangement of many interrelated elements, and the outcomes of actions are visible only after a longer period of time. This system is characterized by the heterogeneity of elements. Some of them are on a macro scale (e.g. GDP level, labour market), while others refer to the micro scale (e.g. households and their members). Building a model of households requires the use of a method that allows to reflect the behaviour and decision-making rules of individuals and the interaction between them in a disaggregated form. Agent-Based Simulation (ABS) is such a method. On the other hand, modelling elements occurring in the macro scale, where we usually deal with aggregate quantities, is best matched by System Dynamics (SD) simulation method, which allows for reflecting dynamic behaviour through feedback loops. Practical Implications: The proposed concept can be used both by public administration units at various levels as well as by scientists - to conduct socio-economic research. Originality/Value: The applied simulation approach allows to capture the interrelations between the modelled effects in a dynamic manner for a long-time horizon, which is extremely important in the case of public management activities.

ON THE QUESTION OF NORMAL DETERMINATION OF THE STATE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER’S INSTRUCTION

The article deals with the question of the order of improvement and development of the civil service institute as part of the normative settlement of the legal status of a civil servant, the clear attachment of his powers, rights, duties, directions of work. It is noted that the priority of the development of the modern civil service is to clearly define the legal status of a civil servant, determine the basic requirements and competencies, and specify the specific competencies and duties. Contemporary development of our state, active European integration processes and integration of the country into the world community are also impossible without qualified personnel, which are called to implement their own managerial powers and legally defined status. In connection with the foregoing, the personal factor, professionalism and competence of civil servants who are thoroughly aware of the legislative and regulatory acts regulating their legal status and the activities of public authorities are becoming increasingly important. In addition, it is good to understand the main trends of modern state policy, economics, development and law, as well as to have a professional knowledge of specialist knowledge and skills in accordance with the special field, position and function. Only such personnel will be able to effectively fulfill their professional powers, implement the legal status in order to ensure the functioning of the civil service institute and predict the development of political, economic and social spheres, to prevent the use of outdated stereotyped forms of management and to provide targeted public-management activities. At the same time, the growth of new requirements for the role of professionals in the process of state-building needs to improve the domestic model of civil service management, as well as the use of innovative approaches to the development and implementation of typical job descriptions of a civil servant. It is the job description that is the central element of a clear idea of the role and place of a civil servant in the management system. A well-designed typical civil servants instruction guarantees the implementation of a legally defined legal status of a civil servant, as well as a rational and effective performance by the official of his official duties and the provision of high-quality public services to citizens, a clear understanding of liability for unlawful acts or omissions or violations of the established legal restrictions in the civil service. The job description is defined as a document that regulates the organizational and legal status of a civilservant and defines its specific tasks and responsibilities, rights, responsibility for violation of the official discipline, determines the conditions for a clear, coordinated work, knowledge and qualification, the competencies necessary for ensuring the effective functioning of the state service Reconsideration and development, as well as a clear normative settlement of the place and importance of the job description, will eliminate the free treatment of civil servants of their functions and powers, will help directors avoid the need for constant clarification to employees of their obligations, as well as save time when familiarizing each new employee with his tasks and duties. Allow a person who takes an appropriate position to immediately orientate in his legal status.

Polish experience of forming leadership in public management activities in the context of the concept of new public administration

Polish experience of forming leadership in public management activities in the context of the concept of new public administration

Mirando más allá de lo técnico: la importancia del factor político en el desarrollo de las políticas públicas en el Perú 2013-2016

The development of public policies, defined as decisions and activities orientated to the solution of public problems requires a great number of skills and knowledge by the decision-makers and public managers. In that sense, there is an extensive literature that explains the importance of the technical skills and the ability to produce evidence of these actors. These two qualities should accompany the policy in its entire process. Nevertheless, from this perspective, we can easily lose sight of the role played by the political factor and its impact on the activities and strategies deployed by public managers. This article is based on the idea that the political factor plays a determinant role in the activities of public managers. For this reason, and due to the little delimitation of the concept, this investigation proposes to understand and analyze the political factor as 1) the coordination and 2) relationship with the political environment by public managers in the development of public policies. To do this, our analysis units are the public policies rewarded in El Concurso de Buenas Practicas organized by La Autoridad Nacional del Servicio Civil (SERVIR) , between 2013 and 2016, with the goal of proving the relevance of the political factor in the development of these practices.

Governing the purple zone: How politicians influence public managers

One of the issues raised by the New Political Governance (NPG) is the independence of senior management from politicians in public sector organizations. This article investigates how politicians influence managerial activities by providing empirical evidence for the existence of a deep form of politicization and a partisan management of public service in Italy. This relationship is also called the “purple” zone, where the “blue” of political strategy and the “red” of public administration merge in “strategic conversation”.Based on the results obtained from a questionnaire that was completed by 568 public managers, results show that they perceive a political influence on the decision-making process, the setting of action plans, and the existing rewards/promotions policies. Managers also believe that politicians influence what objectives must be given priority, thus undermining considerations of the outputs of the decision-making process (i.e., the planned objectives). In addition, managers believe that the equity of the evaluation system is not guaranteed due to the influence of politicians. The article also proposes a categorization of public managers based on two dimensions related to the influence of politicians on the activities of public managers: (1) managerial responsibility and (2) managerial autonomy/power to act on this responsibility.

A pollution incident at a Qiaoxiang village in China: the role of migration in civic organization and political participation

Through an analysis of a pollution-based incident at Refinery-G in an infamous Qiaoxiang town in Fujian, China, this paper analyses how transnational migrants participate in and influence the public management activities in their hometowns. This paper underscores four factors driving civic and political participation that emerged during the revelation, resistance, negotiation and settlement of this incident: (1) the role of the ‘leisured’ villager; (2) the role of overseas Chinese in caring for the developmental path of their hometown; (3) the role of independent civic organizations; and (4) the role of the news media in shaping public opinion. Qiaoxiang's civic participation is both more active and more effective. With the development and globalization of modern communication technology and low-cost and convenient communication and transportation systems, it is possible for overseas migrants to influence public management activities in their hometown through civic organization and political participation.

The Strategic Planning and System Analysis of Safety Supervision

Firstly, this article clarifies the basic connotation of safety supervision which highlights its public management activities organized and implemented by government to safe production; Secondly, it states the guiding ideology of China's security supervision based on its relationships with people's lives and property safety, reform and opening up, economic development and social stability; Thirdly, it summarizes the strategic objectives of the safety supervision in three dimensions, subject dimension, policy dimension and element dimension, and combinatorial analysis of different dimensions.

A metadata WWW site on the Venice Lagoon

This work presents a database of metadata - available through World Wide Web - concerning the Venice lagoon, with particular reference to its geographical and institutional contexts. We examine possible solutions to a number of problems related to data description and web design. Most of the data access functions have been implemented and available on the web. Conceived as part of a larger work aimed at the creation of a GIS in support of planning and public management activities, this effort represents a first step towards a tool capable of offering an exhaustive overview of the available information and data.