Public Administration In Russia Research Articles

Technological substitution: The key control modes

One of the primary goals of public administration in Russia is ensuring technological sovereignty which is hard to attain without proper planning and coherent technology modernization policy in different fields of economic activity. However, administration tools should allow for the current stage of technological development. The article aims to identify control modes of technology modernization considering the principles of substitution and addition. The foundation of research resides in technological change theory. The research methods applied are taxonomic and structural analysis, statistical generalization. Empirical evidence for 2004–2021 was retrieved from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). This methodological approach has allowed establishing the key control modes and types of technology modernization – substitution and addition – according to investment in high or low technology, and formulating their central principles. The study also discusses the variants of state policy aiming to extend the country’s technological sovereignty based on the current mode of technological modernization. It is shown that the pseudo effect of technological dualism discovered in the Russian economy suggests utilising special tools designed to optimize the economic structure for boosting investment in new technologies.

Digital Innovations in the System of Public Administration

The relevance of the study is due to the need for in-depth digitalization of the public administration system in Russia based on the introduction of digital innovations.The purpose of the study is to study the features of the Russian public administration system in the implementation of digital innovations, to determine its existing limitations, as well as to substantiate the possibilities of its prospective digital development. The objectives of the study are to assess the state of the Russian public administration system by the level of implementation of digital innovations, to identify existing limitations of the introduction of digital innovations into the public administration system, as well as to search for measures that contribute to the further digital development of the public administration system in Russia.Methodology. The research is based on the use of the method of theoretical analysis, data systematization, economic analysis, graphical method, logical method, as well as analysis and synthesis.Results. The trends in the development of digital innovations that contribute to optimizing the activities of civil servants and ensuring interdepartmental interaction are studied. The problems of the development of digital innovations in the system of public online services for the population and enterprises are identified. The analysis of the state's ongoing measures to introduce digital innovations to improve the open data infrastructure of the sphere of public authority within the framework of the development of the innovative ecosystem of the state is carried out.Conclusions. A high level of formation of the basic conditions for the introduction of digital innovations in the public administration system has been revealed. The positive dynamics of growth in the volume of public online services received by the population and enterprises has been established. The limitations of the introduction of digital innovations in terms of the formation of the open data portal of the public administration system are revealed. Recommendations on optimizing the implementation of digital innovations in all areas of public administration functioning under study are presented.

КОНЦЕПЦИЯ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ КАК НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The article discusses the concept of sustainable development as a strategy of public administration in Russia.

Implicit administrative acts (Part two)

Based on the comparative legal method, the article analyzes the use of the construction of implicit (fictitious) decisions in Russian and several European legal orders, when the inaction of the public administration is equated with the adoption of an administrative act. In the first part of article the author provides a brief overview of the evolution of the legal regulation of the silence of public administration in France, the Netherlands and Germany, and considers the influence of the Directive 2006/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on services in the internal market (Services Directive) on the development of the institution of implicit decisions in the EU countries. The paper analyses the conceptual basis and the main arguments pro et contra of two models of implicit administrative acts – a negative decision (based on the principle of “silence is a sign of refusal”) and a positive decision (based on the principle of "silence is a sign of consent"). The analysis of legislation and judicial practice in the second part of article leads to the conclusion about the active use of the principle of "silence is a sign of consent" in regulating the activities of public administration in Russia. At the same time, the negative model of implicit administrative acts (silent refusal) has not been developed in the Russian legal system. However, the doctrine of implicit administrative acts in Russia remains largely underdeveloped, which negatively affects the effectiveness of public administration and judicial protection of the rights of private parties.

Project approach as a tool for the implementation of national projects in Russia

Purpose: of the presented research is to evaluate various methods of project management, including methodological approaches already used in our country, for their application in the implementation of national projects of the Russian Federation.Methods: the work used traditional methods of scientific theoretical analysis, including system analysis, as well as an induction approach.Results: the authors consider the historical aspect of the formation of the project approach as a method used in the professional field of management. In the work, various management approaches presented by different countries were studied and systematized. The analysis of project management experience in the leading countries of the world, as well as in the Russian Federation, was carried out. The study presents the use of the project approach in the implementation of national projects, an assessment of the work of the project implementation monitoring system is given. Based on the identified methodological and organizational problems in the formation of new and implementation of current national projects in Russia, the authors conclude that it is necessary to improve project management methods and monitoring the achievement of performance indicators of national projects.Conclusions and Relevance: the specifics of public administration in Russia require the development of their own design methods in the management system, which will only rely on those already created in the world, but not copy them completely. So, according to the authors, the best practice will be the use of flexible management methods. Existing methodologies and individual strategies of other countries can only help in developing ideas for both the general concept of the implementation of existing national projects and for designing new ones.

Directions and Prospects for the Development of Public Governance

This article discusses issues and problems related to the modern development of public administration in the face of uncertainty and economic crisis, as well as a tense socio-political situation. The paper studies the main theoretical approaches of the authors to the concept of “public administration”, based on the evolution of the main concepts on thistopic. In addition, the article analyzes the directions of development of public administration in Russia. Attempts are being made to study further prospects for the development of public administration. The relevance of the topic of this article is explained by the fact that today the issues and problems related to the development of public administration in Russia have a strategic focus, since in the current conditions the management mechanisms of state and municipal authorities are ineffective and require serious changes. This also applies to the regulatory framework that regulates the activities of government bodies. It needs some changes and some additions. In addition, it is worth saying that modern society, being on the path of transformation, digitalization and active use of the Internet, have the opportunity to ask questions about government directly. Goal. Study of the main directions of public administration development in Russia and its further prospects. Tasks. In the course of the research, such tasks were solved as: studying the authors’ approaches to the concept of “public administration”, identifying the main features and directions of public administration development, identifying problems and prospects for the development of public administration, taking into account complex crisis and stressful conditions.Methodology. It includes theoretical methods, the method of analysis, the method of forecasting with regard to development prospects. Conclusions. In the conditions of the existing instability, crisis and a large number of sanctions, new approaches and methods to the development of public administration are required. This is due to the fact that the previously existing mechanisms of state and municipal authorities are not fully effective. Also, changes are required by the regulatory legislative frame-work, which regulates the principles of public power management at both the federal and municipal levels.

The refugee as an object of public administration in Russia: problems of administrative and legal regulation

The refugee as an object of public administration in Russia: problems of administrative and legal regulation

Modern organizational innovations in the sphere of public administration

In this article modern trends of organizational transformations in the sphere of public administration in Russia are considered. The author analyzes the goals, objectives and approaches to reforming the system of public administration in the context of the regime of unprecedented sanctions, emerging new economic reality.

Organizational and legal forms and differences in the administrative and legal status of the territorial bodies of the federal executive authorities of the Russian Federation

The subject of the study is the norms of administrative legislation regulating the territorial features of public administration in Russia. The chosen topic receives a certain update against the background of the formation of the definition of "system of public authority", which is not fully covered at the doctrinal level. The purpose of the study is to assess the current state of legal regulation of the activities of territorial bodies of federal executive bodies. In the context of the functioning of the power vertical, there is a need to unify their administrative and legal status, since the unity of the public authority system is the achieved result of the constitutional reform of 2020. Methodology and research methods. As the basis of the research methodology, the author chose the formal legal method, based on the established principles of dialectical cognition. With its help, the non-transparency of the organization of territorial bodies exercising the fullness of state administration in the subjects of the federation was revealed. The main scientific results of the study are built around the hypothesis of excessive institutionalization of the territorial and central divisions of the executive authorities with the priority of subordinate legal regulation. It has been proved that in this case, both the efficiency of public administration and the trust in public law institutions on the part of civil society may decrease. Conclusions. Based on the legal nature of the territorial bodies of the federal executive authorities, it can be concluded that they are in hierarchical subordination, but at the same time they are endowed with the full implementation of the powers attributed by law to their jurisdiction. In the absence of a single normative act that would detail the constitutional foundations for the exercise of public authority, most of them are established in the manner prescribed by the normative act issued by the entity that manages the activities of the relevant federal executive authority. This practice has hidden defects that reduce the effectiveness of public administration. The best way to create a transparent mechanism of public administration is to abandon the practice of legal regulation of the administrative and legal status of the territorial bodies of federal executive authorities by by-laws. By-laws may have a certain potential in terms of the distribution of powers within the structure of the territorial body of the federal executive authority, however, “status” norms should be present in the provisions of a separate federal law regulating the procedure for the establishment, transformation and liquidation of the territorial bodies of the federal executive authority.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF REFORMING STATE CONTROL IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article is devoted to an urgent topic in the context of the ongoing transformation of public administration in Russia – the problems and prospects for the development of state control. The subject of the analysis is the currently available results of changes in control and supervisory activities in connection with the entry into force of new legislative acts in this area. The author aims to conduct a theoretical and legal characterization of the reform of state control. The study analyzes the approaches to the essence of state control that have developed in the scientific literature, considers the most priority areas for the development of control and supervisory activities, and provides analytical data. The author makes proposals to improve the legislation laying the legal foundations for the implementation of state control. The research is based on both general scientific and private scientific methods. The formal legal method is used as a special method. The results of the research can be applied for further theoretical work in the framework of administrative law, as well as in the practical activities of legislative and executive bodies of state power.

Имперская парадигма государственного управления в России XVIII — начале XX вв.: сущность, направления исследования

The author analyzes the elements that make up the imperial paradigm in relation to the sphere of public administration in Russia during the XVIII — early XX centuries. In dialectical unity, systemic-structural, comparative-legal and historical-legal methods are used within the framework of a materialistic approach to states and law. The range of issues concentrating the vision of the evolution of imperial Russia in the political and state sphere is determined. The article examines the implementation of state power in relation to social organization, transformations of the state apparatus in the center and in the regions, the dynamics of the ideological component of statehood.

Public Administration at a Сrossroads: Manual Vertical Relationship, Institutions, оr Technologies?

The article is devoted to the ramifications in the evolution of modern Russian public administration. The logic of the Special Military Operation seems to dictate the need for an additional concentration of power resources and a focus on the hierarchical relationship structure and “manual” management. Traditionally, this model was opposed by the Western approach, which called for an emphasis on the formation of effective institutions. It should be understood that the conflict with the West is, among other things, a competition of political decision-making systems. It would be strange if Russia were to start copying the well-known Western schemes now, but the preservation of traditional methods might not be the best solution either. The article proposes options for “playing ahead” (tempo battle) — the use of digital government technologies, including modern expert systems that are still under development. At the same time, it shows that it is wrong and even dangerous to understand digitalisation of public administration only as the creation of convenient digital services.

Увлечение ESG-тематикой как лакмусовая бумага российской системы госуправления

The article analyzes the development of climate regulation in Russia. The authors show that the aggressive promotion of the climate agenda is determined by the private interests of concrete bureaucratic and economic groups. However, such energy policy is contrary to the common interests of the country. The formation of climate policy in Russia is an example of the problem areas of Russian public administration.

Public Law Aspects of Technical Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Russia and the World.

Within the framework of this article, a comparative analysis of existing approaches to the implementation of technical regulation of artificial intelligence in the public law of Russia and foreign countries is carried out. As part of the comparative analysis, the basic problems in the field of proper technical and public regulation of artificial intelligence in the world practice are identified, the practice of technical regulation in Russia is considered separately, and possible compensatory legal measures are proposed to ensure transparent and proper practice of technical regulation of artificial intelligence in the field of public administration in Russia. The subject of the study is the legal relations of public authorities in the field of technical regulation in relation to artificial intelligence. The object of the study is the regulatory documents, recommendations and other documents regulating the implementation of the autonomy of artificial intelligence for the purposes of public legal relations in Russia and foreign countries, academic publications and analytical reports on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. Within the framework of this study, special emphasis is placed on the implementation of a comparative legal study of the problems of ensuring the proper quality of technical regulation of artificial intelligence through the prism of the actions of standardization bodies and other public authorities. The considered typical situations, the current practice of technical regulation of artificial intelligence, as well as the methods proposed by the author can be reflected in the legislative and law enforcement practice of relevant authorities responsible both for technical regulation and for ensuring the integration of this technology into the sphere of public legal relations.

КЛИЕНТОЦЕНТРИЧНОСТЬ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО КОНТРОЛЯ: ДИНАМИКА ОЦЕНОК ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ ЧАСТНОГО БИЗНЕСА

Customer-centricity is a growing trend in improving the quality of public administration in Russia, including the sphere of state control. In this regard, it is extremely important to ensure and take into account the regular assessment of the progress and results of the implementation of customer-centricity in public administration. The purpose of the article is to present and analyze estimates of the customer-centricity of the state control regulated by Law No. 248-FZ in relation to one of its client groups, private business. As well as the solution of any task of the state, taking care of the customer-centricity of the supervisory authorities in contact with the business involves feedback. With its help it is possible to evaluate the successes and adjust further efforts of state control in this direction. How successful is this care? How client-centered is state control, bearing in mind that it takes into account the interests of the business it visits to verify their compliance with mandatory requirements aimed at preventing or minimizing harm (damage) to legally protected values? To answer these questions, the data from sociological surveys of business representatives conducted by RANEPA since 2017 were used. Being aimed at assessing the effectiveness of state control, the data obtained actually characterize how respondents assess the customer-centricity of state control in relation to business (including private). The data from the 2023 sociological survey are presented and analyzed in comparison with the data from the 2017-2022 opinion polls. According to business representatives, state control does help to ensure the safety of production facilities, processes, production products (thereby preventing or reducing the risks of damage to legally protected values and maintaining them at an acceptable level), and the dynamics of the implementation of this concern are positive. In addition, respondents recognize that the state regulating state control, as well as the control authorities, also take care of reducing the regulatory burden and reducing business costs in connection with the state control measures. In general, positive trends have been identified in the efforts of the state to ensure the customer-centricity of state control over business.

Ensuring Autonomy of Decision-Making by Artificial Intelligence for the Purposes of Legal Public Relations.

Within the framework of this article, a comparative analysis of existing approaches is carried out to determine the basic conditions for ensuring the autonomy of AI in the context of public legal relations of foreign countries and Russia. As part of the comparative analysis, the basic problems in the field of AI decision-making transparency in world practice, practical situations of integrating non-transparent AI into the sphere of public legal relations in foreign countries, as well as possible compensatory legal measures that ensure the safe integration of AI into the sphere of public administration in Russia are being investigated. The subject of the study is the formalization of the actions of artificial intelligence as a representative of a government body. The object of the research is normative documents, recommendations and other documents regulating the implementation of AI autonomy for the purposes of public legal relations in Russia and foreign countries, judicial practice, academic publications on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. Within the framework of this study, special emphasis is placed on the implementation of a comparative legal study of the phenomenon of AI autonomy, which implements public functions based on the experience of various states. The measures proposed as a result of the study can be applied in the legislative and law enforcement practice of the relevant authorities implementing the integration of artificial intelligence into the sphere of public relations in Russia.

СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ СНИЖЕНИЯ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ

The article substantiates the objective necessity of using strategic planning tools to fend off challenges and threats in the increasing uncertainty created by the current geopolitical and geo-economic situation and the transition to a new competitive development model. The authors focus on the essence of strategic planning, the mechanisms for its implementation in a market economy, as well as on determining the main methodological approaches to systematizing this process. Having analyzed the main methodological, substantive and organizational shortcomings and bottlenecks preventing a full-fledged system of strategic planning from being formed and incorporated into the system of public administration in Russia, the authors identify priority areas for improving the former system.

ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В РОССИИ: ОТ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛИЗОВАННОЙ МОДЕЛИ ИНФОРМАТИЗАЦИИ К СКВОЗНОЙ

The article analyzes the development of informatization of public administration in Russia. Based on the systematization of data on digitalization, the models of informatization of public administration are determined, the main problems of using information systems in it are identified, promising directions for improving the development, implementation and operation of innovations that ensure the transition to a cross-cutting model of informatization of public administration are considered.

Trends in the development of Russian administrative law: A comparative legal aspect

The article substantiates that during the period of development of administrative law as an independent progressive branch of law in the 20th and 21st centuries, two main achievements can be distinguished in world experience. The first is the evolution of the administrative process, administrative procedures, which changed the face of public administration, making it more transparent and democratic, since citizens got the opportunity not only to challenge administrative acts, but also to participate in the procedures for their adoption, protecting their interests even before the approval of the ruling decision. The second key achievement is the approval as categorical imperatives of such principles as legality, equality, proportionality, legal stability (protection of legitimate expectations), prohibition of overformalism. These beginnings are most consistently implemented in the Russian legislation on administrative responsibility, as well as in the legislation on administrative proceedings. In the field of positive public administration, the legislator is still less receptive to these novelties. At the same time, the inertia of the legislator is to a certain extent compensated by the activity of the Russian judicial bodies. The trend towards the perception of the main innovations of administrative law cannot be called into question by special administrative regimes (high preparedness for an emergency, a special military operation, etc.), including for the reason that such regimes, for all their importance, are temporary. Therefore, despite any difficulties, it is necessary to form a regulatory system designed for “usual” normality. At the same time, it is more important than ever to maintain a balance between the goals of rationalizing public administration (protecting public and state security) and protecting the rights of citizens. It is possible to predict further “splitting” of Russian administrative law. On the one hand, administrative legislation will be tightened and politicized, first of all, on the issues of interaction between the domestic administrative system and representatives of unfriendly foreign legal orders (as well as subjects of the Russian legal system, affiliated with them). But for the basis of the model of relations between the Russian public administration and the citizens of the Russian Federation, a predominantly different paradigm should be used — a human rights one.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ПОЛИТИКА РОССИИ В СФЕРЕ ЭКСПОРТА ЗЛАКОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР: НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ СТРАН ОПЕК

The article presents a political analysis of the Russian public administration system of the export of cereal crops to the OPEC group emerging markets. The factors of the Russian export policy that determine its nature, features and main directions of implementation are considered. Graphical models are used to study the dynamics of grain exports to OPEC, the causality of its volatility. Based on the data analysis and the identified trends, an assumption is made about the prospects for a further increase in the volume of Russian cereal exports to OPEC markets.