Special Psychology Research Articles

Gender and education as factors for determining the verbal-visual affiliation of individuals

Gender and education are two of the socio-demographic characteristics that are studied to establish individual differences in personality. The purpose of the present research is to determine the susceptibility of individuals to the VVQ, adapted and modified from Kirby et al., and to show the influence of gender and education in the segmentation of verbalizers, visualizers, and dreamers. In the study, a valid and reliable instrument for measuring susceptibility to VVQ, prepared in advance by the author, was applied. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) have showed a strong susceptibility of respondents to the Verbalizer Scale of women, as well as susceptibility to the Dreamer Scale of men. When considering the influence of education on VVQ, it was found that respondents with a master's degree were highly visual, and respondents with a doctoral degree were highly verbal. On Dreamer Scale, susceptibility was greatest again among respondents with a doctoral degree. The results of the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) indicated that male advertising consumers with a master's degree were more receptive to the Verbalizer Scale, as were female respondents with a doctoral degree relative to all other target groups. These scientific results can be useful for advertisers, marketers, as well as specialists in cognitive psychology.

Methodological Principles of Teaching Russian to Bilingual Children at Elementary School

This article is devoted to the urgent problem of identifying the methodological foundations of teaching Russian to younger schoolchildren for whom Russian is not their native language. The topic proposed for consideration is characterized by a broad scientific and descriptive context of the problem that is of interest to specialists in psychology, pedagogy and linguo-didactics, and a pronounced practical aspect that is associated with the need to develop a consistent methodological approach to teaching Russian in a mixed language group of elementary school students. Russian is the primary and only language of instruction, and the composition of the trainees is characterized by a different status of linguistic personality, including bilingual children with varying degrees of proficiency in Russian as a non-native language and children for whom Russian is their native language. Taking into account the varying degrees of proficiency in the Russian language by bilingual children at the initial moment of schooling, the purpose of the study is precisely to identify and analyze the fundamental provisions that are actualized in modern linguo-didactics on this issue. The materials of the study were modern studies in the field of pedagogy, psychology, linguo-culturology and linguo-didactics, devoted to the organization of the educational space of bilingual children learning Russian in a mixed language group. The leading method in the study is the analytical modeling of the educational environment as a condition for the formation of a student’s linguistic personality. The relevance of the research is due to both the interdisciplinary focus of the problem and the diversity of the selected topic, which requires discussion taking into account various factors of the effectiveness of the organization of training. The following principles of the organization of the educational space of bilingual children in modern primary school are substantiated as the leading ones in the study: (1) linguo-culturological, due to the complex nature of the formation of the linguistic picture of the world and communicative skills of a linguistic personality as a subject of learning; (2) competence-based, arising from objective (socio-cultural factor, normative provisions) and subjective (age, learning conditions in a particular mixed-character language team, personal orientations, the level of development of a linguistic personality and its communicativespeech ability, etc.); (3) communicative-activity, taking into account the psycholinguistic factor of the development of speech ability as the activity sphere of the linguistic personality, determined, among other things, by the space of educational communication.

Therapeutic effects of multidisciplinary individualized treatment for COVID-19 patients: the experience of a supporting medical team in Wuhan.

The sudden outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought people around the world into an abyss of suffering. At that time, there were no clear and effective means for the treatment of the virus. We prepared a medical team consisted of specialists in critical care, respiratory diseases, infections, gastroenterology, endocrinology, cardiology, cerebrovascular diseases, nephrology, rehabilitation, psychology, and nutrition. This study shared our multidisciplinary treatment experience in treating patients with COVID-19. Patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 swab test were divided into three groups: ordinary cases, severe cases and critical cases. Every patient received the multi-disciplinary comprehensive and individualized tailored treatment based on the specific situation of each patient. Patients' medical records, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, radiological characteristics, Borg dyspnea score, Barthel index, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) as well as treatment and outcome data were analyzed. The mean age of the 90 patients was 61.88±15.25 years. Some patients without underlying disease had developed comorbidities such as hyperglycemia (24, 26.67%) and hypertension (9, 10%). With multidisciplinary individualized treatment, the patients' albumin level and Barthel index score increased significantly, while glucose level, blood pressure, and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Borg scale, and SAS values significantly decreased at discharge. The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.44%. However, there was still a gap in Nutrition Risk Screening, Borg dyspnea score and Barthel index between the critical cases and the ordinary and severe cases at discharge. We observed that the patients with more severe disease had significantly higher age, rates of hypertension, and mortality. The median hospitalization time of discharged patients was 19 days [interquartile range (IQR), 9.0-20.0 days]. Multidisciplinary collaboration and individualized treatment could effectively improve the general status of patients with different severity of COVID-19.

Perceived stress and life satisfaction in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of fear of childbirth and self-esteem.

The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the functioning and well-being of pregnant women. Negative feelings during pregnancy and the difficult pandemic situation may be the reason behind the perceived fear of childbirth, which can negatively affect the pregnant women's life satisfaction. On the other hand, some protective factors, such as self-esteem, might mediate the relationship between perceived stress and well-being in pregnant women. Our study aimed to determine the relationship between perceived stress, fear of childbirth, self-esteem and life satisfaction. A total of 262 Polish pregnant women participated in this study. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Fear of Childbirth Scale (KLP II), Self-Esteem Scale (SES) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used in the study. The results showed that perceived stress, fear of childbirth and self-esteem acted as significant predictors of life satisfaction in the tested group of pregnant women. Additionally, fear of childbirth and self-esteem played a mediational role in the relationship between perceived stress and life satisfaction. According to Diener's concept, life satisfaction is an important component of one's subjective well-being and health. Therefore, it is important to analyse factors that may mediate the impact of stress on pregnant women's life satisfaction. The present results might suggest that during pregnancy and preparation for childbirth, women should be provided with appropriate psychological care. Support from medical and psychological specialists, as well as from relatives, can reduce the level of perceived fears and strengthen personal resources. Based on the present results, we conclude that the fear of childbirth and the self-esteem of pregnant women should not be underestimated, as they are important predictors of their life satisfaction.

THE ROLE OF A MEDIATOR IN MANAGING ART PROJECT TEAMS

The paper reviews and analyzes approaches to the formation of project teams. The disadvantages, probability and feasibility of applying each approach to the implementation of art projects are identified. Approaches to team building and parameters for determining well-coordinated teamwork that directly affect its effectiveness are considered and analyzed. Arguments are presented for the expediency of involving a psychology specialist both for the organization as a whole and for the project team during the implementation of a specific project. Arguments are presented for the expediency of involving a mediator in projects of any field and, especially, in art projects. The roles and tasks of psychology and mediation specialists in managing art project teams are clarified in order to analyze the functional similarities and differences in their work. On the basis of this analysis, a matrix of distribution of functions is formed, which determines which of the most common situations in the work on an art project are within the competence of a psychologist, and which require the intervention of a mediator. This analysis proves the need to involve a professional mediation specialist in the implementation of art projects, along with a psychologist, for a more effective outcome in resolving conflicts and disputes, including the settlement of conflicts of interest arising in the process of negotiating and concluding agreements and contracts. This matrix can be used not only for art projects, but also as a useful tool for a project manager in the distribution of functions when engaging a mediator in projects of any kind. Two ways of involving a mediator in an art project are considered: as a full-time employee of the organization and inviting an external specialist to work on a specific project. The advantages and disadvantages of each of them are analyzed. The result of the analysis shows that it is impossible to unambiguously determine the optimal method for all art projects. Based on the priorities of the art project customer and an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the project manager chooses the method of involving a mediator in each art project separately.

Implementation of Innovative Educational Technologies in the Training of Specialists in Pedagogy and Psychology (European Experience)

The modern development of educational services market dictates new rules for the use of technologies in education. The purpose of the article is to analyse the introduction of innovative educational technologies into the system of training specialists in pedagogy and psychology based on available European experience. For its implementation, the methods of comparative analysis, concretisation, and generalisation were used. They facilitated the task of characterising the key features of the organisation of innovative educational space on the example of the activities of modern universities in EU countries. In the results, the general principles of transformations in the training of specialists in pedagogy and psychology were analysed, the definition of innovative technologies in the modern understanding of their use in personnel training is given. The experience of teaching and using innovative technologies in Latvia, Romania, and Germany, France (Sorbonne University, University of Karlsruhe, University of Latvia and others) is summarized. One emphasises on the importance of using this experience, which enables students of higher education learning independently, to accumulate knowledge in a non-traditional way by using information and communication technologies and other innovative methods. Important for future use are projects on improving students' multimodal writing practice skills, developing their research skills using modern media libraries and open access informational didactic materials. In the conclusions, it is determined that outside the EU, the system of training specialists and openness to the perception of reforms need further improvement.

Exploring the Literature on Narcolepsy: Insights into the Sleep Disorder That Strikes during the Day.

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder that disrupts the regulation of a person's sleep-wake cycle, leading to significant challenges in daily functioning. It is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sudden muscle weakness (cataplexy), sleep paralysis, and vivid hypnagogic hallucinations. A literature search was conducted in different databases to identify relevant studies on various aspects of narcolepsy. The main search terms included "narcolepsy", "excessive daytime sleepiness", "cataplexy", and related terms. The search was limited to studies published until May 2023. This literature review aims to provide an overview of narcolepsy, encompassing its causes, diagnosis, treatment options, impact on individuals' lives, prevalence, and recommendations for future research. The review reveals several important findings regarding narcolepsy: 1. the classification of narcolepsy-type 1 narcolepsy, previously known as narcolepsy with cataplexy, and type 2 narcolepsy, also referred to as narcolepsy without cataplexy; 2. the genetic component of narcolepsy and the complex nature of the disorder, which is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, disrupted sleep patterns, and potential impacts on daily life activities and social functioning; and 3. the important implications for clinical practice in the management of narcolepsy. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the different types of narcolepsies and their associated symptoms, as this can aid in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. The review underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach to narcolepsy management, involving specialists in sleep medicine, neurology, psychiatry, and psychology. Clinicians should consider the impact of narcolepsy on a person's daily life, including their ability to work, study, and participate in social activities, and provide appropriate support and interventions. There are several gaps in knowledge regarding narcolepsy. Future research should focus on further elucidating the genetic causes and epigenetic mechanisms of narcolepsy and exploring potential biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis. Long-term studies assessing the effectiveness of different treatment approaches, including pharmacological interventions and behavioral therapies, are needed. Additionally, there is a need for research on strategies to improve the overall well-being and quality of life of individuals living with narcolepsy, including the development of tailored support programs and interventions.

Relationship between time perspective and proactive coping behavior in future dialectologists

The relevance of this study is due to the problem of professional training of future dialectologists in the context of distance learning over the past two years. Taking into account the special requirements for the personal qualities of the future dialectologist, the question arises of proactive skills for coping with a difficult situation and a clearly built time perspective in today's situation of uncertainty. The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the time perspective and proactive coping behavior in future speech pathologists of different areas of training. The results of an empirical study of 80 students studying in the direction of «Special Psychology and «Speech Therapy» aged 18 to 43 years (M = 22.5; SD = 6.394) are presented. The following methods were used in the study: Proactive Coping Inventory (PCI) in adaptation by E.P. Belinskaya et al., R. Schwarzer's scale «Proactive attitudes» (adapted by A.A. Bekhter), Time Perspective Inventory by Philip George Zimbardo in adaptation by A. Sircova et al. An analysis of correlations showed that proactive coping in future dialectologists is positively associated with a positive past and the search for emotional support. In special psychologists, links have been found between negative past and preventive coping, which distinguishes them from future speech therapists, who have found positive links between seeking instrumental support and a positive past. Differences were also established between future special psychologists and speech therapists in terms of the hedonistic present, future and positive past. The results of the study allow us to expand the scientific understanding of the relationship between the time perspective and proactive coping behavior in future speech pathologists.

Designing a model of psychological behavior of compulsive buyers in relation to brands: Based on qualitative approach and grounded theory method

Introduction: In the last two decades, the literature in field of consumer behavior has paid a lot of attention to the issue of compulsive buying, but there are gaps. Aim: The purpose of research was to design a model of the psychological behavior of compulsive buyers in relation to brands based on the qualitative approach. Method: In the research, a qualitative approach based on the foundational data theory was used. The studied population included residents of Tehran in 2021 with an age range of 16 to 50 years who had compulsive buying disorder, and specialists in psychology and psychiatry, and marketing managers from Tehran with at least 10 years of experience. In order to collect data, the semi-structured interview method and the Compulsive Buying Behavior Diagnosis Questionnaire of Maccarrone & Schofield (2017) were used. Open, central, and selective coding, with Max QDA software version 20, and SPSS version 26 were used for data analysis. Results: The found model showed that contextual conditions (psychological and sociological factors), along with intervening conditions (concepts related to the brand, lifestyle display, income, intensifying negative feelings), in formation of compulsive buyers in relation to brands is effective and social and emotional benefits from buying the brand were the cause of this behavior. In the meantime, the behaviors of compulsive buyers in relation to brands (floating among brands and listening to brands) leads to adverse consequences from a marketing point of view. Conclusion: Based on results, the formation of hating feeling towards the brand causes irreparable damage to the brand, and due to the presence of social networks, these feelings can be quickly transmitted among consumers and lead to the brand's reputation damage.

The program for introduction of basic mathematical knowledge: the effects in six years old Mexican children.

The process of teaching and learning mathematics in primary school represents an obstacle for both teachers and pupils. According to the historical-cultural conception of development and education, the way how intellectual concepts are initially introduced may radically affect a student's success in learning. The historical-cultural conception of development, together with activity theory, may serve as the basis for creating a novel methodology for pedagogical work on mathematical concepts with pre-school and school children. The goal of the present study was to show the effects of work with an original program for the initial introduction of mathematical concepts to young school children. The program included reflexive symbolic and logical actions on the materialized and perceptual level, which were introduced and performed collectively by six-year-old children under the guidance and assistance of a teacher. The pupils were tested before and after their work with the program. The results showed important qualitative and quantitative progress by the children in solving the tasks of the assessment, together with an increment of reflection on their intellectual actions. The study points to the necessity for more intensive and extensive research, involving specialists in psychology and pedagogy trained in cultural-historical methodology.

Education and Training in Addiction Medicine and Psychology across Europe: A EUFAS Survey

Introduction: Training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology is essential to ensure the quality of treatment for patients with substance use disorders. Some earlier research has shown varying training between countries, but no comprehensive study of addiction training across Europe has been performed. The present study by the European Federation for Addiction Societies (EUFAS) aimed to fill this gap. Methods: A Delphi process was used to develop a questionnaire on specialist training in addiction treatment in 24 European countries. The final questionnaire consisted of 14 questions on either addiction medicine or addiction psychology, covering the nature and content of the training and institutional approval, the number of academic professorial positions, and the estimated number of specialists in each country. Results: Information was not received from all countries, but six (Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Poland, and Romania) reported no specialized addiction medicine training, while 17 countries did. Seven countries (Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy, Russia, Switzerland, and the Netherlands) reported no specialized addiction psychology training, while 14 countries did. Training content and evaluation methods varied. Approval was given either by governments, universities, or professional societies. Eighteen countries reported having professorships in addiction medicine and 12 in addiction psychology. The number of specialists in addiction medicine or psychology varied considerably across the countries. Discussion: The survey revealed a large heterogeneity in training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology across Europe. Several countries lacked formal training, and where formal training was present, there was a large variation in the length of the training. Harmonization of training, as is currently the case for other medical and psychology specializations, is warranted to ensure optimal treatment for this under-served patient group.

CRITERIA, INDICATORS AND LEVELS OF DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN PSYCHOLOGY

In the article, the author thoroughly analyzes the criteria and indicators for determining the level of development of communicative competence developed by domestic scientists. The key characteristics of the criteria that correspond to the evaluation of the professional activity of specialists in the psychological profile are highlighted: cognitive component, perception, empathy, motivation, reflection, the ability to apply one’s knowledge, abilities and skills during real communication. The author came to the conclusion that the lack of clear, generally accepted criteria for the formation of communicative competence is connected with the vision of the scientists on the specified problem. In addition, when developing criteria for the development of communicative competence, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the professional activity of psychologists: personal qualities, professional abilities of introducing communication with the client, humanism and the ability to empathize. The article focuses on determining the level of motivation to develop one’s own communicative competence and self-improvement in the process of professional activity, the awareness of future psychology specialists regarding the language, culture of professional communication, as well as the ability to apply various methods, forms and technologies to influence the interlocutor (client). conflict resolution, etc. The criteria for the development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology have been developed, namely: cognitive-speech, interactive-communicative, activity-perceptive. The author is convinced that it is possible to study the real level of development of the communicative competence of future psychology specialists based on the selected indicators for these criteria. In addition, the specified criteria and indicators make it possible to assess the level of development of communicative competence by evaluating the totality of competences, which were presented in previously published articles on the structure of the development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology. The development of communicative competence has three levels: high, medium and sufficient. As a conclusion, based on the level of development of this competence, it becomes possible to plan, correct the educational process in higher education for the training of highly qualified specialists. The progressiveness of their professional training with the goal of becoming professionals depends on the quality diagnosis of the level of development of communicative competence of future specialists.

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment styles and loneliness

BackgroundAs with the increasing prevalence of loneliness among college students, it seems necessary to investigate the early grounds of its formation. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the relationship between attachment styles and loneliness through the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas (EMS).MethodsThis research was correlational, of structural equations modeling (SEM) type. The statistical population included all the college students of the universities of Kermanshah in the academic year 2020–2021, of whom 338 were selected using convenience sampling. The measures used in this study included DiTomasso et al.’s social and emotional loneliness of adults, Hazan and Shaver’s adult attachment, and Young’s schema scales. For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and SEM were used in Lisrel 8.8 and SPSS-22 software.ResultsThe results illustrated that the hypothesized model of the study has a good fit in the studied sample. It was also found that both the avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles are related to loneliness through two EMS of disconnection-rejection and other-directedness.ConclusionsBased on the findings, measures are recommended to increase information regarding the basic and underlying factors affecting loneliness for therapists and psychological specialists.

Burnout and patient safety perceptions among surgeons in the United Kingdom during the early phases of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A two-wave survey.

Surgeons in the UK report high burnout levels. Burnout has been found to be associated with adverse patient outcomes but there are few studies that have examined this association in surgeons and even fewer which have examined this relationship over time. The main aim was to examine the relationships between surgeon burnout and surgeons' perceptions of patient safety cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The secondary aim was to test whether surgeons' burnout levels varied over the first six months of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This paper reports data from a two-wave survey (first wave from 5 May and 30 June 2020, the second wave 5 January to 30 February 2021). The dataset was divided into a longitudinal group (for surgeons who responded at both the time points) and two cross-sectional groups (for surgeons who responded at a one-time point, but not the other). The first key finding was that burnout was associated with patient safety outcomes measured at the same time point (Group 1 = 108, r = 0.309, p < 0.05 and Group 2 = 84, r = 0.238, p < 0.05). Second, burnout predicted poor patients' safety perceptions over time, and poor patient safety predicted burnout over time (Group 3 = 39, p < 0.05). Third, burnout increased between the first and second surveys (t = -4.034, p < 0.05). Burnout in surgeons may have serious implications for patient safety. Interventions to support surgeons should be prioritised, and healthcare organisations, surgeons and psychological specialists should collaborate on their development.

Disparate Psychological Emergencies and its Variegated Clinical Management Directives

Purpose: Tension is generated for everyone concerned when psychological emergencies like severe sensorimotor excitement or suicidal behavior occur in places other than psychological facilities like regular clinics, emergency departments, or clinicians' private offices. These should always be managed right away since they could be fatal. As a tool for their quick as well as efficient care, including the key exhibiting symptoms, multiple diagnoses options, and therapeutic choices for the major categories of mental crises have been included in this paper so that the general population as well as the clinicians of all other specialties other than psychology specialists, can understand the common psychological emergencies and its proper treatment. Objective: There is relatively little reliable data on the frequency of mental crises in routine as well as community practice, in accidents and emergencies in healthcare facilities, or with patients treated by urgent healthcare units. Given the realities of modern healthcare institutions and the public's general hostility to psychological issues of any kind, we shouldn't be surprised that the first therapy for psychological illnesses often doesn't really occur in specialized mental institutions. When there are accidents or crises, people with psychiatric diseases who don't want to be stigmatized commonly resort to ordinary hospital systems since they are commonly both accessible and always open. Understanding different psychological emergencies, as well as associated therapeutic care procedures, is crucial. So the very basic and important objective of this paper is to gain knowledge about some common psychological emergencies and their treatment. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data from a number of reputable, official sources and journal articles were used to produce this clinical research output. Certain data from the emergency department have also been used to develop this study in order to make it more precise and scientific in type. The credibility of the publication has also been guaranteed by expert evaluations from neuropsychologists, general psychologists, doctors, and researchers who are conducting studies in the field. Findings/ Result: Due to the increasing incidence of drug and alcohol abuse, depression, and other critical illnesses, more people are visiting the critical healthcare department. The occurrence of psychological events in non-psychological contexts, such as typical clinics and physicians' homes, and subsequent care is poorly documented by the few observational trials and scant precise information that are currently available. The available research emphasizes the need for improvements in both mental emergency evaluation and care. The treatment of this type of issue entails high expectations of the therapist's personality and conduct in addition to the required therapeutic competence. If the patient approaches the emergency department voluntarily or the family takes him/her to the clinic at the earliest, all the psychological problems can be treated with at most results. Originality and value: A thorough attempt has been launched to shed some light on the issue of several frequent psychological emergencies and their appropriate diagnosis in the emergency room using only certain basic evaluation techniques and without wasting much time. Several evaluation tools and criteria have also been given for the convenience of various clinicians with varying levels of experience. Paper Type: Clinical analyses paper

Factors Driving the Workplace Well-Being of Individuals from Co-Located, Hybrid, and Virtual Teams: The Role of Team Type as an Environmental Factor in the Job Demand-Resources Model.

(1) Background: An essential task for public health and industrial and organizational psychology specialists is maintaining employees' workplace well-being. This has become more difficult with pandemic-induced changes (i.e., the shift to remote work and the rise of hybrid teams). This research adopts a team perspective to explore the issue of workplace well-being drivers. It is hypothesized that the team type (co-located, hybrid, or virtual) should be recognized as a unique environmental factor, resulting in the need for different resources for members of these teams to maintain their well-being. (2) Methods: A correlational study was conducted to systematically compare the relationship (its significance and importance) of a wide range of demands and resources with the comprehensively measured workplace well-being of members of co-located, hybrid, and virtual teams. (3) Results: The results confirmed the hypothesis. The significant drivers of well-being in each team type were different, and the ranking of the most important drivers within each team type varied. (4) Conclusions: Team type should be considered a unique environmental factor, even for individuals from different job families and organizations. This factor should be considered in practice and research employing the Job Demand-Resources model.

Smartphone-Based Spiritual Support Applications to Overcome Anxiety in Emergency Unit Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Extended Rapid Application Development

BACKGROUND: Spiritual assistance cannot be provided ideally to emergency room (ER) nurses facing anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is because of the clergy’s restrictions and the available time. AIM: This study aimed to develop an independently usable smartphone-based spiritual support application. METHODS: This study is an extensive rapid application development (ERAD). Four specialists in spirituality, music, psychology, and information technology evaluated the Muzida Spiritual Support (MSS) prototype’s validity and reliability. Thirty-two ER nurses who handle COVID-19 patients were subjected to prototype acceptance tests. RESULTS: The content validity test demonstrates a high level of accessibility for content accuracy (0.9), rhythm and tempo compatibility (0.8), and the relaxing impact that results (0.8). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) values indicate that the MSS application is reliable (0.71). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) application interface score 7.84 ± 1.25, the voice clarity aspect 8.9 ± 1.28, the ease of use 7.56 ± 1.31, the effect on reducing anxiety 7.65 ± 1.21, the boost effect 8.0 ± 1.16, the happiness effect 8.03 ± 1.32, and the calming effect 8.1 ± 1.32. The mean ± SD acceptance score is 8.06 ± 0.44, indicating that the user can run MSS very well. CONCLUSION: The prototype of the MSS application has adequate validity, reliability, and acceptability, so it is suitable for use as a therapy.

Здобуття трудових навичок осіб з порушеннями розвитку аутистичного спектру

The article reveals the specifics of social adaptation and acquisition of labor skills by individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). It is noted that the formation of social and labor skills in individuals with autism spectrum is primarily a socio-pedagogical and psychological problem that requires practical investigation and solution. It is noted that Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are associated with impaired brain functioning, resulting in a lack or limitation in social communication and problems with expressing emotional states as well as at the level of thinking and reflection. The article outlines the peculiarities and forms of communication of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. It presents programs and methods aimed at improving and developing the social and communicative interaction of individuals with autism spectrum disorders. It is noted that the training of a specialist assistant of a teacher/master, with respect to the support of individuals with autism spectrum, should include several aspects: theoretical knowledge of autism; knowledge of diagnostic tools; psychological and pedagogical skills; ability to adapt the environment to the individual needs of a person with autism spectrum; adaptation of educational and developmental methods and programs to the individual characteristics of a person with autism spectrum. The article reveals the peculiarities of social communication, its importance for the development and acquisition of labor skills by individuals with autism spectrum disorders. It is noted that the work with the autistic spectrum individuals is a complex cooperation that involves various specialists (special psychologists, special teachers, social workers) whose work is aimed at achieving positive dynamics in the development of a person with autism spectrum, and their socialization and subsequent acquisition of work skills. Keywords: Programs and methods of work with people with Autism Spectrum Disorders, support, assistant master/teacher, communication, adaptation, social interaction, labor skills.

RESEARCH ALGORITHM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN PSYCHOLOGY

The article presents an algorithm for researching the development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology. The scientific-pedagogical, psychological and special literature was analyzed in order to clarify the relevance of research in this direction. The scientific apparatus of scientific research has been defined (the object of the study is the process of professional training of future specialists in psychology; the subject of the study is the structuralfunctional model of the system for the development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology; the aim of the study is to theoretically explain the structural-functional model of the system of development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology and to test its effectiveness experimentally); tasks, hypothesis (the development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology will be carried out more effectively if it is based on well-founded theoretical and methodological foundations, structural components of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology, will be evaluated according to the specified criteria and will be implemented by introducing the system of their training into the educational process) and characterized methods (theoretical: systematic and comparative analysis; modeling method; generalization of the results of the pedagogical experiment; empirical: pedagogical experiment; diagnostic methods; methods of mathematical statistics). The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the presented research algorithm for the development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology is optimal, and the practical value of the work serves as a basis for improving the level of professional training of future specialists in psychology. The author sees the prospects for further scientific work in: a detailed study of the problems of the development of communicative competence of future specialists in psychology; the definition of the conceptual and terminological apparatus of the study; development of the criterion apparatus and theoretical substantiation and practical implementation of the structural-functional model of the system of the investigated phenomenon.

МУЛЬТИДИСЦИПЛІНАРНИЙ ПІДХІД У ВИВЧЕННІ ДІТЕЙ З ЦЕРЕБРАЛЬНИМ ПАРАЛІЧЕМ РАННЬОГО ВІКУ

The article proves the necessity of using a multidisciplinary approach in the studied children with cerebral palsy of early age. Not only the current state of the study of the problem of the development of children with cerebral palsy at an early age is analyzed, but also the main achievements in the history of the study of this category of children are outlined. It was found that only this approach in the context of studying the development of children with cerebral palsy gives a chance to better understand the etiopathogenesis of such children, and, accordingly, to be able to organize correctional rehabilitation work on the medical, psychological, speech therapy and social level and obtain maximum results. We substantiated the necessity of using a multidisciplinary approach in the multi-vector (in the clinical, psychological, speech therapy and social plane) study of children with cerebral palsy at an early age. Since the multifactorial nature of the impaired development of children with cerebral palsy at an early age is revealed by the results of clinical, psychological, speech therapy and social studies. According to these data, the multivariate causes, manifestations of violations that reveal the clinical side are revealed to us, psychology provides an understanding of intellectual development, personal status, characteristics of such a child, and actually one of the most difficult problems is the speech problem – it is communication that unites the child with society, speech therapy reveals. In the article, we emphasize that the multivariation of manifestations requires us to have knowledge of all fields as specialists. We consider the outlined multidisciplinary approach to be the most appropriate, since this methodology reflects the trends of modern professional training of special psychologists, correctional pedagogues, speech therapists, related to its integration, fundamentalization, polyparadigm and polyapplicability, which is important in the context of the implementation of psychological and pedagogical support for preschool children age with cerebral palsy, and in particular the leading direction, speech therapy support for children with cerebral palsy at an early age. Since it is speech therapy support that embodies the organic idea of early systemic continuous parallel support of a child and family with cerebral palsy. Key words: multidisciplinary approach, polydisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity, children with cerebral palsy, speech therapy support, integration, polyparadigmality, polyapplicability.