Psychological Counselors Research Articles

Effects of an acceptance and commitment-based psychoeducation program on prospective psychological counselors’ some personal and professional qualifications

Effects of an acceptance and commitment-based psychoeducation program on prospective psychological counselors’ some personal and professional qualifications

Üsküdar district guidance counselors gathered at Üsküdar University

Guidance teachers affiliated to Üsküdar Guidance and Research Center came together at the "2023-2024 Academic Year Beginning of the Year Psychological Counselor/ Guidance Teachers Meeting" hosted by Üsküdar University in the new academic year.

Interview and clinical history of the adult and child

The first step in the psychological evaluation is the clinical interview. Moreover, the assessment is closely associated with the very identity of the clinical psychologist. No other mental health professional (psychiatrist, social worker, psychological counselor, non-clinical psychologist, etc.) incorporates assessment into their training and professional activity to such a large extent as the clinical psychologist does. In the case of a small child, it will be done in the presence of the parents and in the case of teenagers or in the case of suspicions of abuse, the small child and the parents will also be approached separately.

Data collection and outcome measurement in student counseling services in Irish higher education institutions: Counselors’ views on challenges and facilitators.

With increasing concerns around student mental health, student counseling services (SCSs) in higher education are being challenged to show evidence of their contribution to the personal and academic development of students through evidence-based approaches including systematic data collection and standardized outcome measurement. This study aims to document data collection and measurement processes in SCSs in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Ireland and to explore the opinions of staff in SCSs on the feasibility and functionality of a standardized national database for SCSs to enhance robust data collection and measurement across the sector. Twenty-three interviews were conducted and thematically analyzed with staff in SCSs in 22 HEIs (85% of publicly funded HEIs). Findings revealed that the process of data collection in SCSs is mainly focused on individual counseling with variations among SCSs in collecting clients' demography, presenting issues, and clinical and educational outcomes. Lack of human and financial resources, no access to an electronic data management system, negative opinions about standardized outcome measures, and concerns over data protection and misuse of data were impeding factors for systematic data collection in SCSs. There is strong support among SCSs for the establishment of a national database which is facilitated by secured funding from the Higher Education Authority, a strong sense of community and trust among student counselors, and a history of data collection through the Psychological Counsellors in Higher Education Ireland association. Findings offer insights into challenges and facilitators for robust data collection and measurement at a national level. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Management of Psychological Distress among Cancer Patients: A Study at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC) in Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro Tanzania.

Introduction: The major aim of this study was the management of Psychological Distress among Cancer Patientsat Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center in Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro Tanzania. The specific objectives were to determine the management of psychological distress among cancer patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, and to explore the relationship between demographic characteristics of cancer patients. Methodology: The study used a sample of 175 respondents (cancer patients) and eight participants. The systematic sampling techniques used to get 175 respondents and purposively sampling techniques used to get eight participants. The study was cross-sectional design, which employed both approaches; a quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data gathered for the study were analyzed using quantitative data analyzing software SPSS version 20 and were visually presented using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution of tables, and figures and qualitative data done through thematic analysis. Result: The findings of the study showed that the majority of the respondents 142 (81.1%) were not received psychological distress management 33 (25.3%) respondents they received psychological distress management but 31 (19.3%) received encouragement from medical staff; either a nurse or doctor, not official psychological management to cancer patients with psychological distress. Only 2 (6%) received an official psychological management, a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Conclusion and recommendation: The study recommends that it is important to involve psychological counsellors in the multidisciplinary team for treating cancer patients to address psychological distresses or issues them experiencing. Also, more research on psychological distress management should be done so to improve psychological well-being to cancer patients.

Psychological wellbeing of college going Adolescent: Study of dual earner family in metropolitan cities

WHO reported that almost twenty percent of adolescent around the world suffers from psychological issue. The reported prevalence of mental issues ranges from 1-to-25 percent across different states. Due to changes in lifestyle, both parents have to work to fulfill the needs of the children growing in metropolitan cities. This study attempts to understand mental issues among the adolescents of the dual-earners. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to assess the lifestyle, and psychological wellbeing of the adolescents aged 15-19 years studying in the colleges of Delhi and Mumbai University. GHQ-12 was used to analyses the Psychological issues among the students. Total of 447 adolescent fulfilling the selection criteria, completed the questionnaire. The Results show that 22% in Mumbai and 27% in Delhi are suffering from Anxiety and Depression while almost one-fourth have Social Dysfunction in both cities. Adolescent with lower socio-economic status is suffering from multiple forms of mental health issues. Odds of psychological-wellbeing are less among adolescents who are studying in either Arts or Commerce field as compare to science students. Adolescents who have ever smoked, chew tobacco and drink alcohol have shown the significant higher symptoms of Anxiety and Depression. Anxiety & Depression and Loss of confidence is higher among the adolescent who spend less than two hours with their father either on weekdays or weekends and whose father drinks alcohol or smokes. The Permissive and authoritative/flexible parents have positive impact over their children psychological wellbeing. The study reflects the growing mental-health issues among adolescents due to varying factors and points the need of psychological counsellor for parent-child duo.

EXAMINING OF OPINIONS OF SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELORS ABOUT THE 2023 EDUCATIONAL VISION IN THE FIELD OF GUIDANCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELING

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı okul psikolojik danışmanlarının, “2023 Eğitim Vizyon Belgesi” ve içinde yer alan rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma alan politikaları hakkındaki görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. 
 Yöntem: Araştırmada nitel araştırma modelinin olgubilim/fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında İstanbul ilinin Ataşehir, Ümraniye, Üsküdar, Sancaktepe, Sarıyer ve Başakşehir ilçelerinde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı okullarda görev yapmakta olan ve farklı görev sürelerine sahip 12 okul psikolojik danışmanı oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan görüşmeler kayıt altına alınmış ve içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular belirlenen amaçlar doğrultusunda analiz edilmiştir. Açık kodlama ile belirlenen kodlar bir araya getirilerek alt temalar elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra elde edilen alt temaların gruplandırılması ile üst düzey soyutlama gerçekleştirilmiş ve ana eksen kodlar geliştirilmiştir. Eksen kodlar içinden merkezî ağırlığı bulunan temel kod etrafında ilgili alt kategorilerin bir araya getirilmesi ile oluşturulan seçici kodlama yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu kavramı etrafında 15 alt tema belirlenmiştir. 
 Bulgular: 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu kavramı etrafında “vizyon, rehberlik, rehber öğretmen, ölçme araçları, mesleki ve teknik rehberlik, uygulanabilirlik, PDR hizmeti, RAM, mesleki gelişim, sınıf rehber öğretmenliği, YÖK işbirliği, özel yetenek, toplum hizmeti, kaynaştırma ve kaynaştırma modeli” alt temaları oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma verilerinden okul psikolojik danışmanlarının vizyon belgesini olumlu değerlendirdiği, vizyon belgesinin uygulanabilirliğine ilişkin bazı tereddütlerinin bulunduğu, bu tereddütleri gidermenin yolu olarak ise uygulanan her aşamadan sonra raporlamanın yapılması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. 
 Özgünlük: Okullarda görev yapan psikolojik danışmanların 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık politikalarının işlevselliği ve niteliği ile ilgili görüşlerinin eğitimdeki işbirliğinin önemli bir parçası olduğu bir düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırma eğitimde ulaşılmak istenen hedeflerin rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık alanında gerçekleştirilmesinin ne kadar mümkün olduğunun ortaya konması açısından önemlidir.

Okulda Ruh Sağlığı Hizmetleri Kapsamında Mülteci Çocuklar

Schools play an important role in the psychosocial, academic, and professional development of refugee children. Specifically, psychological counselors and guidance (PCG) experts who provide mental health services in schools have a critical role in this process. The way of approach to the problems, areas of difficulty, support needs, and suggestions of PCG experts who have experience working with refugee children can increase the quality of the services to be provided in this direction. In this study based on qualitative design, the experiences of PCG experts who have worked with refugee children were examined. The data were collected from 38 PCG experts. The data were analyzed with the thematic analysis technique. As a result of the analyses, 27 sub-themes related to six themes were determined: the perceptions of the PCG experts about refugee children, their approach to refugee children, the demands of refugee children, the activities carried out for refugee children, the competence to work with refugee children, and effective intervention proposals for refugee children. It has been determined that PCG experts have a realistic perception of refugee children, they carry out various activities towards refugee children in a professional manner in line with their demands, and they develop various coping methods against difficulties in this process. Although working with refugee children contributes to improving the professional skills of PCG experts, PCG experts need training to giving effective services to refugee children such as non-language-based methods, trauma education, refugee rights, psychoeducation and play therapy activities. Based on PCG experts’ experiences, they offer various recommendations for effective interventions for refugee children. In line with the results obtained, it has been evaluated that school counseling services can be the pioneer of activities to increase positive experiences in order to increase the mental health of refugee children.

Online Work Experiences Of Psychological Counselors During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Metaphorical Analysis

2019 yılının son ayından itibaren tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan Kovid-19 yüz yüze eğitimi olumsuz etkilemiştir. Türkiye'de eğitim ve öğretim Kovid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle çevrimiçi olarak sürdürülmüştür. Bu bağlamda bu araştırmanın amacı, 2020/2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında okullarda ve RAM’ larda görev yapan psikolojik danışmanların çevrimiçi olarak sundukları rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık hizmetlerini nasıl algıladıklarını metaforik olarak analiz etmek ve betimlemektir. Bu araştırma nitel yaklaşıma dayalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, yaşları 25-60 arasında değişen okullarda ve RAM' larda çalışan 113 kadın ve 53 erkek olmak üzere toplam 166 psikolojik danışman oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde metafor analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizi sonucunda psikolojik danışmanların toplam 130 metafor oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen bu 130 metaforun, beş tema altında toplandığı anlaşılmıştır. Bu temalar kazanç, olumsuzluk, eksiklik/sınırlama, belirsizlik, endişe/zorluk olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, psikolojik danışmanların 2020/2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında okullarda ve RAM' larda çevrimiçi rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık hizmetlerine yönelik metaforik algılarının çoğunlukla olumsuz olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Ortaöğretim Okullarında Çalışan Psikolojik Danışmanların Değerler Eğitimine Yönelik Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi

Türkiye’de, farklı eğitim kademelerinde uygulanan değerler eğitimi çalışmalarının giderek önem kazandığı alanyazında görülmektedir. Değerler eğitimine yönelik yapılan çalışmalar öğrenci, öğretmen, psikolojik danışman, okul müdür ve müdür yardımcıları ve velilerin bir diğer ifadeyle tüm paydaşların katılımını gerektirmektedir. 31213 sayılı Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışma Hizmetleri Yönetmeliğinde ortaöğretim kademesinde rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetlerinde okul psikolojik danışmanlarının görevlerinden birisinin de ergenlerin değerlerini fark etmesi ve kendi değerleri ile toplumsal değerler arasında bağ kurabilmesi şeklinde ifade edildiği görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla değerlerin kazandırılmasında ortaöğretim kademesinde rehberlik servisinde görev yapan okul psikolojik danışmanlarının önemli rolü bulunmaktadır. Rehberliğin temel amacının bireyin kendini gerçekleştirmesi olduğu düşünüldüğünde, bireyin kendini gerçekleştirmesi sürecinde mutlak suretle değerlere ihtiyaç vardır. Bu araştırmanın amacı değerler eğitimi uygulamalarına ilişkin olarak okul psikolojik danışmanlarının algılarını araştırmak ve bu konuda yapmış oldukları çalışmaları ve yaşanılan sorunları belirlemektir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ortaöğretim okullarında görev yapan ve araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden 11 psikolojik danışman oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, “yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu” kullanılmış ve veriler “içerik analizi” yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; psikolojik danışmanlara göre ortaöğretim kurumlarında uygulanan değerler eğitimi çalışmalarının etkili olduğu, bu kapsamda okul içi ve okul dışı farklı çalışmaların yapıldığı, bu çalışmaların ergenlerin değerler sistemini olumlu yönde etkilediği, çalışmaların yürütülmesinde zaman zaman sorunlar yaşanmasına rağmen değerler eğitiminin toplumda meydana gelen değişimler nedeniyle öneminin de giderek arttığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca psikolojik danışmanların öncelikli olarak sorumluluk alma, hoşgörü, dürüstlük ve adalet değerlerinin ergenlere kazandırılması gerektiği düşüncesinde oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Risky Behaviours of High School Students and School Counsellors’ Interventions

Risky behaviors (substance abuse, obesity, suicide, bullying, and others), many of which are indeed preventable, are common among high school students. The most important task in detecting, preventing, and intervening in risky behaviors in schools falls to the school guidance service and school psychological counselor. The main objective of this study is to determine the types and prevalence of risky behaviors observed among high school students and to analyze the practices performed by the school guidance service for such behaviors. This study was organized in accordance with the mixed research design for which qualitative and quantitative approaches were used together. In this context, quantitative (N1=566) and qualitative (N2=21) data collection processes were carried out with psychological counselors working in different types of high schools in 12 provinces. While statistical procedures were included for the quantitative data of the research, content analysis techniques were used for the qualitative data. The results showed smoking, peer bullying, cyberbullying, school dropout, obesity, delinquency, abuse, suicidal tendency and attempt, alcohol use, bonsai use, and other substance use as risky behaviors in high schools. The levels and frequency of these behaviors vary across school types. The preventive activities in the schools were generally based on informative seminars, and practical studies were limited. The research results also indicated that studies of risky behaviors were not sufficiently included in Ministry or school guidance framework programs. Furthermore, it was found that parents, teachers, and administrators gave limited support to the studies carried out within the scope of education and intervention for risky behaviors in schools. These results demonstrate that school psychological counselors encountered several personal, institutional, or legal obstacles in their studies on risky behaviors.

The Mediator Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Sensation-Seeking, Happiness and Subjective Vitality

Sensation-seeking, subjective vitality and happiness are interrelated constructs in the current literature. However, there is presently no research on how the relationship between these concepts is affected. The aim of this research is to examine the mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between them, thus bridging a large gap in the field. The group of participants in the research consisted of a total of 519 university students; 384 (74%) of them women and 135 (26%) of them men. We used sensation seeking, resilience, subjective vitality and Oxford happiness scales in the research. We used mediation analysis to determine the indirect effect of resilience between sensation seeking and subjective vitality and happiness. The findings revealed a low-level, positively significant relationships between sensation seeking and resilience, subjective vitality, and happiness and show that resilience has a mediating role in the relationship between the concepts. Moreover, a high level of psychological resilience increases subjective vitality and happiness. Based on these findings, guidance and psychological counselors in schools may be able to better guided on improving the mood of students.
 Anahtar Kelimeler
 Happiness, resilience, sensation seeking, subjective vitality, positive psychology

Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Association between Loneliness and Psychological and Subjective Well-Being in University Students

The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in university students in association with loneliness and psychological and subjective well-being. The study consisted of 340 university students, including 118 males and 222 females. The age range of participants is between 18 and 27. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Flourishing Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale were used in the study. Results of the study showed that loneliness was significantly and negatively associated with self-esteem, psychological well-being, and subjective well-being. Self-esteem was significantly and positively related to psychological well-being and subjective well-being. In this study, compared to male students, female students tended to report greater self-esteem, psychological and subjective well-being while they reported lower loneliness. Mediation analysis revealed that loneliness was a significant and negative predictor of self-esteem, psychological and subjective well-being. Self–esteem partially mediated the association between loneliness and well-being outcomes; and it significantly and positively predicted psychological wellbeing and subjective well-being. In university students, loneliness, and self–esteem, together, accounted for 38% of the variance in psychological well-being, while subjective well-being was 25%. Researchers can conduct new research to investigate the positive aspects of university students, and psychological counsellors working in schools can work towards strengthening the positive aspects of students.

The effect of vaccination beliefs regarding vaccination benefits and COVID-19 fear on the number of vaccination injections.

The Coronavirus disease pandemic of 2019 is a vast worldwide public health hazard, impacting people of all ages and socioeconomic statuses. Vaccination is one of the most effective methods of controlling a pandemic like COVID-19. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the number of vaccination injections and fear of COVID-19 and test whether beliefs benefit from vaccination COVID-19 mediate the effect of fear of COVID-19 on the number of vaccination injections. A total of 649 Vietnamese adults were enrolled online to finish answering, including scales The Health Belief Model (HBM) and The Fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S), consisting of 340 (52.4%) males and 309 (47.6%) females. The data were analyzed using variance, regression, and a simple mediation model. The total score of COVID-19 fear was M = 22.26, SD = 5.49. Vietnamese fear of COVID-19 was at a medium level. Our results suggest that 18- to 20-year-olds are more fearful of COVID-19 than others. People who received the first dosage exhibited a greater fear of COVID-19 than those who received the second dose and were not inoculated. Additionally, the beliefs benefit of vaccination COVID-19 has a role in the relationship between the number of vaccination injections and fear of COVID-19. During the pandemic, adults in Vietnam are more afraid of COVID-19 than during prior outbreaks. Besides, the Vietnamese populace demonstrated a considerable demand for and high acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. The current study indicates that psychological counselors and therapists should counsel clients on the value of vaccination and address the fear of COVID-19 as public understanding of the benefits of vaccines increases. To further clarify the effect of this issue on the correlation between fear of COVID-19 and the number of vaccinations, the results of this study indicate that the existing vaccine communication factor for COVID-19 vaccination should be modified to increase confidence in the benefits of immunization.

Clinical trial of a birth and parenting planning program for women diagnosed with fetal anomalies: A feasibility study.

We assessed the feasibility of the Birth and Parenting Planning (BPPing) program we developed to support women diagnosed with fetal anomalies. We conducted a feasibility study using a quasi-experimental, post-test only, non-equivalent groups design. We assessed feasibility from four aspects: (1) Demand: birth plan submitting rate (primary outcome); (2) Acceptability: woman's satisfaction of care scale (SATISFACTION) and Visual Analog Scale for care satisfaction; (3) Preliminary efficacy: women's recognition of being able to express and share her hopes scale (HOPES); and (4) Safety: obstetric/neonatal outcomes and frequency of women's referral to a psychological counselor. Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used for data analysis. We enrolled 62 women with fetal anomalies attending a perinatal medical center for antenatal check-ups. Of these, 51 women (median age: 34 years) received either the BPPing program (intervention group: n=25) or the usual care (control group: n=26). The birth plan submitting rates were 96% (intervention group, 24/25) and 7.7% (control group, 2/26). The intervention group had a significantly higher total score on HOPES at postpartum (U=441.5, p=0.027). Upon subgroup analysis based on parity, in the intervention group only, the multiparas had a higher score on the SATISFACTION item, "I would recommend the care I received to someone in a similar situation". There were no adverse events in either group. The BPPing program was feasible in supporting women diagnosed with fetal anomalies in terms of demand, acceptability, preliminary efficacy, and safety.

A Study Developing Character Strengths in Managing Anxiety Levels of Individuals in Emerging Adulthood

Character strengths not only increase the well-being of individuals, but also help them to overcome their negative life experiences in a better way. This study aims to increase five-character strengths and at the same time manage anxiety levels of individuals by 13 sessions of a strength-based group psychological counseling program formed by the researchers. 18-21 20 individuals aged between 18 and 21 (60% female, 40% male) from various departments participated in the experimental and control group. Data showed a statistically significant decrease in anxiety levels and an increase in the character strengths of zest for life and hope in the experimental group. Using character strengths as a tool may open a novel way for literature and members of different professions by interdisciplinarity to deal with anxiety. Developmental psychologists, psychological counselors, family counselors, members of the profession who work in parenting education, child development specialists, preschool teachers, and school principals may play vital roles in preventing high anxiety levels at an early life phase. Moreover, psychiatrists, clinical psychologists and psychological counselor specialists may help individuals to maintain their well-being and manage their anxiety in an encouraging atmosphere. In this way, psychologically healthier individuals may constitute healthier societies in the long term.

Adaptation of the Interpersonal Stress Scale for Psychological Counselors to Turkish Culture

Considering that the therapeutic relationship and therapeutic conditions are inseparable conditions for the counseling process, it is important to bring a scale to the Turkish literature to examine the interpersonal stress experienced by counselors during the counseling process. In this research, the scale adaptation process from one language to another language was carried out. In this context, validity and reliability studies were carried out in 4 different samples. As a result of the research, it was seen that there was a moderate and high-level significant relationship between the Turkish and English forms of the scale in all of the items. With this, it is seen that the four-dimensional structure (χ2/sd=2.881) was confirmed in the CFA results of the linguistic adaptation process in the validity and reliability study of ISSC. When the fit values of the ISSC are examined (RMSEA=.08, SRMR=.07, GFI=.89, and AGFI=.85), it is seen that the four-dimensional structure of the scale's CFA results is confirmed. Considering the item-total correlation of the ISSC, it is seen that the item-total scores vary between .237 and .634. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient calculated for the reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be .878, and the McDonald's ω coefficient was .874. When the test-retest results of the Turkish version of the scale were examined, it was concluded that the reliability value was r=.79 (p

Psychological Consultation and Health Analysis Method for Artificial Intelligence Multidecision Support

With the increase in market economy and life competition, mental health problems are particularly prominent in today’s society. This is also an important reason for the sudden increase in extreme events. The frequent occurrence of violent incidents and depressive incidents is mainly caused by major problems in mental health. They accumulate greater pressure in life or study, which can easily lead to mental health problems. However, mental health problems are difficult to detect up front. When the mental health problem is more serious, they will seek a psychological counselor or a way to release stress to solve the mental health problem. Only a small number of people will take extreme measures, which will cause social or family losses. Artificial intelligence methods have better advantages in dealing with nonlinear relationships of features. This study uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) methods in artificial intelligence methods to study the characteristics of psychological counseling and health. The research results show that CNN and LSTM methods can accurately predict the characteristics of psychological counseling and health, which can do certain forecasting work for discovering people’s mental health problems. The maximum prediction error of CNN and LSTM methods in predicting the characteristics of psychological counseling and health is only 2.64%.

Exploring the Official Title of National Certification in the Field of Psychology and Counseling

본 연구는 2022년 국회에 발의된 심리상담사법안, 마음건강증진법안, 심리사법안에 의해 발생한 심리와 상담학계 사이의 국가자격증 명칭과 관련된 논란에 대해 알아보고 그 대안을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 문헌 조사를 통해 심리사, 심리상담사, 심리상담, 임상심리, 청소년상담복지 등 연관 명칭이 의미하는 바를 파악하였다. 또한, 발의된 법안들이 제안한 자격증 명칭들과 심리·상담 유관 직종(심리사, 심리상담사, 종교인, 정신과 의사)에 대해 일반인들이 가지고 있는 인식을 알아보았다. 구체적으로 총 330명을 대상으로 각 직업 명칭에 대한 인지도, 예측 가능성, 접근성, 필요성, 희소성, 신뢰도, 서비스 이용 가능성, 전문성, 직무 차별성, 기억 용이성 등에 대한 인식을 질문한 결과, 심리상담사라는 명칭이 심리사라는 명칭보다 대부분의 측면에서 선호되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 심리·상담 분야의 신생 국가자격증 명칭에 대해 논의하고 합의로 나아갈 수 있는 방향에 대해 논의하였다.This study explored the recent controversy over the official title for the national certification in the field of psychology and counseling occurred by the several psychology and counseling-related bills submitted to the Korean National Assembly in 2022 and suggest an alternative. To this end, we reviewed relevant terms such as psychologist, counselor, psychological counseling, clinical psychology, and youth counseling & welfare. We also investigated the public perception from 330 adults on the names of professions related to psychology and counseling (psychologist, psychological counselor, cleric, and psychiatrist) regarding awareness, predictability, accessibility, necessity, scarcity, reliability, the intention of seeking help, expertise, job distinctiveness, and memorability. The results suggested that the title of psychological counselor was preferred to the title of psychologist in most aspects. Based on the findings, we suggested a direction towards an agreement on the title of the new national certificate in the field of psychology and counseling.

Examining the Views of School Psychological Counselors on Distance Education Services during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 salgını sürecinde okul psikolojik danışmanlarının uzaktan eğitim faaliyetlerine yönelik görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 14 okul psikolojik danışmanından oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması olarak tasarlanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır ve veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle analize tabii tutulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, psikolojik danışmanlar salgın sürecinde veli ve öğretmenlere yönelik müşavirlik, danışman öğretmenlik, Covid-19 hakkında bilgilendirme ve üst öğrenim kurumlarının tanıtılması gibi uzaktan eğitim faaliyetleri gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Okul psikolojik danışmanları, uzaktan eğitim faaliyetlerinin, zaman ve mekân açısından esnekliği ve ekonomik oluşu gibi avantajlı; iletişim güçlükleri, donanım eksiklikleri, katılımın düşüklüğü ve değerlendirme güçlükleri gibi dezavantajlı yönlerini bildirmişlerdir. Uzaktan eğitim faaliyetleri yürütülürken öğrencinin teknolojik cihazının yetersiz olması, internet ağlarında sık sık bağlantının kopması, hareketin kısıtlanması, öğretim faaliyetlerinin sınav ve notla değerlendirilememesi, öğrenciyle hedeflenen etkileşimin sağlanamaması, öğrencilerde motivasyon kaybı gibi sorunlarla karşılaşmışlardır. Okul psikolojik danışmanları uzaktan eğitim faaliyetleri için tüm öğrencilerin teknolojik cihazlara ulaşımının sağlanması, ders sayısının azaltılması, velinin sürece daha fazla dâhil edilmesini sağlamak, öğretmen ve velilere yönelik seminerler planlanması gibi önerilerde bulunurken; pandemi sonrası uzaktan eğitim hizmetlerinin kullanılmaya devam edeceği noktasında öngörüler sunmuşlardır.