Protection Of Social Rights Research Articles

НОВІТНЯ ПОЛІТИКА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ У СФЕРІ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПРАВ

The article explores new concepts and practical programs of the European Union in the field of realization and maintenance of social rights in the process of building a single social space and improving the social life of the population.The main stages of the implementation of the European Pillar of Social Rights are analyzed in order to structure the mechanisms of changes in the social policy of the European Union. The article provides statistics on the first results of the implementation of the principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights since its announcement in 2017 and analyzes the first changes in the social policy of the European Union. The article is considers under the features of the Directive proposed by the European Commission on transparent and predictable working conditions, which is a novelty in the field of security and protection of social rights of workers who work on non-standard and new formats of work in the conditions of development of modern market-economic relations. The characteristic features of the activities of the European Labor Authority are considered, the purpose of which is to provide comprehensive protection and guarantee of social justice of the citizens of the European Union. The article examines the official budget planning program of the European Social Fund Plus, the main financial body of the European Union, whose activities are aimed at ensuring the implementation and support of the principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights in order to balance economic inequality between countries and equal and comprehensive protection of social rights. The analysis of the level of social rights in the countries of the European Union is carried out in order to clarify the overall picture and assess the state of social development of European countries.Based on the data analyzed, the problems that the European Union is facing today in the process of implementing new social policy mechanisms are highlighted. On the basis of the analyzed data on the transformation of the social policy of the European Union, the necessity of further theoretical in-depth study of the social policy of the states with more developed economic and social sphere is emphasized in order to introduce effective mechanisms for ensuring social human rights in Ukraine.

Efectividad de los derechos sociales en España

La base de los derechos sociales es la dignidad humana y, debido a ella el Tribunal Constitucional español está facultado para realizar una interpretación de los derechos sociales de manera amplia y progresiva. Por lo cual es necesario abandonar los principales presupuestos doctrinales que tienden a justificar la protección excluyente y limitada de los derechos sociales.

Проблема содержательной определенности и конституционной защиты социальных прав

Проблема содержательной определенности и конституционной защиты социальных прав

Role of the European Court of Human Rights in realization of social security right

The article deals with the role of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in protecting the right to social security. There is the analysis of the case law of the ECtHR on the violation of the right to social security, namely the right to receive a pension, which the ECtHR classifies as property rights. The authors have outlined the ways to improve the practice of the ECtHR in this area in modern national and world socio-economic conditions. According to available estimates, around 50 per cent of the global population has access to some form of social security, while only 20 per cent enjoy adequate social security coverage. Ensuring an ap-propriate mechanism for the protection of human and civil rights is a priority for every country. However, according to case law, the number of complaints of violations or non-recognition of their rights is growing every year. An important role in the protection of human rights in today's conditions is played by an international judicial body - the European Court of Human Rights. In Ukraine, where socio-economic rights are recognized at the constitutional level, their guarantee content in the current laws is still not clearly defined, and therefore, as evidenced by the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, legal mechanisms their protection, in particular the means of judicial control remain ineffective. The right to social security is the right to access and retention of benefits, both in cash and in kind, without discrimination in order to protect, in particular, against (a) lack of income from work caused by illness, disability, maternity, occupational injuries , unemployment, old age or death of a family member; (b) inaccessible access to medical care; (c) insufficient family support, especially for children and adult dependents. It is well known that the European Convention does not contain many socio-economic rights as such (with a few exceptions - protection of property and the right to education). Thus , the former president of the ECtHR Jean-Paul Costa specifically pointed to another important European human rights treaty – the European Social Charter. Human rights are a universal value, and their protection is the task of every state. The European Court of Human Rights plays an important role in protecting human rights in modern conditions. The functioning of such an international judicial institution can not only solve a problem of protection of violated rights, but also affect the development of the judicial system of each state. The main principle of realization and judicial protection of social rights is non-discrimination on the grounds of sex, age, race, national and social origin of the individual, and the role of auxiliary institutions of the Council of Europe in generalizing and improving the ECtHR’s activity has been emphasized.

The development of artificial intelligence and the response of labor policy

With the emergence of big data, information technology, digital technology and artificial intelligence, our society is making great strides towards an artificial intelligence society, and the foundation of economic society has undergone profound changes. Today’s labor policy must not only adapt to the needs of marketization, but also need to respond legally due to the development of science and technology. It should reasonably anticipate the changes in labor relations caused by artificial intelligence, including the norms of digital labor and the status of labor policy of intelligent robots. And the protection of social rights after the replacement of traditional labor. In the era of high-tech being widely used, the rapid development of modern artificial intelligence is gradually spreading from the field of science and technology to the life of the general public. This will have a subversive impact on labor relations. This is also the future of labor The amendment of the Law is an important factor that cannot be ignored.

НОРМАТИВНІ ЗАСАДИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО ДЕПАРТАМЕНТУ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ НАСЕЛЕННЯ: ПОРІВНЯЛЬНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ

У статті проаналізовано етимологію правової ка-тегорії «нормативно-правові засади», окреслено рівні нормативних засад діяльності регіонального Департаменту соціального захисту населення з урахуванням юридичної сили нормативно-правових актів, що врегульовують досліджувані правовідносини. Вказано, що діяльність регіонального Департаменту соціального захисту населення вимагає від держави своєчасного розроблення, ухвалення чи оновлення нормативно-правових засад. Як орган публічної влади Департамент під час реалізації та захисту соціальних прав громадян повинен керуватися як загальноправовими, так і спеціальними принципами діяльності. 
 Акцентовано увагу на перевагах і недоліках нової редакції Закону України «Про соціальні послуги». Вказані автором позитивні напрацювання законодавців у сфері соціального захисту населення, а саме: 1) чітко визначені на законодавчому рівні суб’єкти системи надання соціальних послуг; 2) у статті 10 Закону «Про соціальні послуги» окреслено основні засади функціонування системи надання соціальних послуг; 3) стали революційними положення статті 15 Закону щодо Реєстру надавачів та отримувачів соціальних послуг; 4) на основі державного стандарту соціальних послуг деталізовано порядок їх надання. На підставі аналізу та порівняння положень Закону України «Про соціальні послуги» у редакціях від 2003 року і 2019 року вбачається можливим дійти висновку про всебічний розвиток зазначеного нормативно-правового акта шляхом деталізації ключових положень Закону в останній редакції. Автором звернута увага на наявність широкого кола повноважень органів місцевого самоврядування у сфері соціального захисту населення, що стало передумовою для подвійної підпорядкованості регіонального Департаменту соціального захисту населення. Також вказано на велике коло правовідносин у сфері соціального захисту населення, які потребують відповідного врегулювання.

ALGUNAS PROPUESTAS DE REFORMA EN MATERIA DE EMPLEO Y PROTECCIÓN SOCIAL QUE SE INCLUYEN EN EL ACUERDO TITULADO “COALICIÓN PROGRESISTA”: UN ANÁLISIS JURÍDICO LABORAL

This study analyzes and comments on the different reform proposals that in terms of employment and protection are included in the Agreement entitled “Progressive Coalition: A new agreement for Spain”, a text that was made public on December 30, 2019 and that develops the programmatic content of the pre-agreement reached two days after the last elections, just on November 12, 2019, between the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) and United We Can (UP) to form a “progressive coalition government to place Spain as a benchmark for the protection of social rights in Europe, just as citizens have decided at the ballot box”. Based on this analysis, a legal review of the agreed measures that have been adopted so far is carried out. Finally, after the previous examination, it is a question of finding an adequate answer to the following question: will the introduction of the rest of the agreed measures be postponed until the crisis caused by COVID-19 is resolved?

Обеспечение прожиточного минимума как средство судебной защиты конституционных социальных прав

Social rights proclaimed by constitutions of many countries, for their effective protection need in formation of special instrumental means of judicial control, by which the court establishes the limits of the competences of the legislator in the field, where a significant margin of appreciation is provided. The concrete obligations of the state and the amount of funding for social provisions of constitutions are defined by current legislation. Requirement to provide minimum standards of human existence, that are ensured, if necessary, through the system of social security, is referred to the constitutional level. Constitutional meaning of this provision is justified by the recognition of the principle of human dignity as an integral part of the entire human rights system. Herein, the constitutional courts considering cases, connected with social rights, carry out an inspection of social legislation on the subject of whether the norms under consideration provide a living wage. Such verification is considered as the criterion of human dignity, equally inherent in all people, and is used as one of the strategies of judicial protection of social rights.

NUEVOS HORIZONTES DE LA JUSTICIABILIDAD DE LOS DERECHOS SOCIALES CONTRA EL LEGISLADOR. LA COACCIÓN INDIRECTA

Este ensayo pretende proporcionar argumentos iusteóricos que permitan ampliar la justiciabilidad de los derechos sociales con respecto al legislador: en concreto, en el caso de omisiones totales y, sobre todo, de recortes presupuestarios generalizados en el Estado social. En primer lugar, ilustraremos los presupuestos histórico-conceptuales de la tesis según la cual las violaciones legislativas de estos derechos solo son controlables parcialmente por los jueces. En segundo lugar, nos ocuparemos de los argumentos contrarios más comunes a la justiciabilidad de los derechos sociales y, específicamente, de una cierta concepción de la separación de poderes, en nombre de la cual una plena garantía jurisdiccional de los derechos sociales llevaría inexorablemente a los jueces a sustituir al legislador. La crítica de esta concepción permitirá, por último, reconstruir de manera diferente las obligaciones legislativas en materia de justicia social y proponer instrumentos procesales concretos para su protección, sin transformar por ello a los jueces en órganosde decisión colectiva.

Gender and Democratic Attitudes: Do Women and Men Prioritize Different Democratic Institutions?

AbstractUsing the 2012 European Social Survey (ESS), this article provides the first comparative analysis of how conceptions of democracy differ between men and women in 29 countries, and how this relates to their overall satisfaction with and support for democracy. Women tend to consider less important those aspects of democracy that privilege male resources and power, such as representative institutions, political parties, and the media. Instead, women assign more importance to those aspects of democracy that are less prone to reproduce gender inequalities, such as those related to direct participation (i.e., referenda), public justification of government decisions, and the protection of social rights. These differences are small in size but are comparable to the effects of other individual-level characteristics such as income or education. Finally, gendered differences in conceptions of democracy are not associated with different levels of democratic support. Men and women are most supportive of democracy where they are able to develop differentiated views about which aspects of democracy are most important for them.

The synergy between employment policies and cooperatives with regard to new forms of work. An overview based on Spanish constitutional law

This text explains how active employment policies and cooperatives are perfectly suited to fulfil the mandates outlined in the 1978 Spanish Constitution in relation to the promotion of cooperatives (Article 129.2), and to policies oriented towards full employment (Article 40.1), which fall under the overall protection of social rights. After analysing the provisions contained in these two articles, details are provided as to how the economic crisis and the strict balanced budget policies that ensued have also weakened the constitutional protection of social rights, with the adoption of regressive measures whose compatibility with the Constitution has been accepted by the Spanish Constitutional Court (despite divided opinions among the Court’s members). Finally, an analysis is conducted of the options available within the Spanish legal system to protect and encourage cooperative societies. It is then argued that cooperatives can be a very useful instrument to create employment, even within the most innovative and dynamic sectors of the economy. These sectors include, for example, the collaborative economy (which includes the digital economy), the ‘white economy’, the ‘green economy’ and the ‘circular economy’.Received: 01 October 2018Accepted: 07 March 2019Published online: 22 July 2019

THE ROLE OF PRACTICE OF CONSTITUTIONAL (CHARTER) COURTS OF CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL RIGHTS OF A MAN AND CITIZEN

The article highlights the activities of the constitutional (charter) courts of the constituent entities ofthe Russian Federation concerning the protection of social rights of citizens and their role in the mechanism of protection of these rights. The author provides examples from judicial practice on the issues of their respect, implementation and interpretation. Attention is paid to extra-procedural activities of constitutional (charter) courts and their contribution to the development and improvement of the theory of social rights, social norms of law, including through published and declared messages. The author focuses on their positive role in strengthening the constitutional legality and the principles of the Social State. The paper contains the statistical data concerning the consideration of cases, namely the ratio between court decisions on issues of social rights and the total number of final court acts (on the example of the constitutional courts the Volga Federal District). A number of key problems of regional constitutional proceedings are highlighted, including implementation (enforceability) of decisions of constitutional (charter) courts affecting social rights of citizens.

Los derechos sociales en las cadenas globales de producción: nuevas perspectivas para la negociación colectiva transnacional en la Declaración de Empresas Multinacionales (OIT)

Entre las nuevas formas de organización empresarial destaca la formación de las cadenas globales de producción. Este fenómeno productivo desborda no sólo los marcos nacionales desde el punto de vista jurídico sino que además transforma los marcos de relaciones laborales como los conocíamos hasta ahora, afectando los derechos sociales de los trabajadores.

La protección internacional de los derechos sociales: una perspectiva internacional

Este artículo tiene dos objetivos fundamentales: (a) estudiar la relación existente entre el marco internacional de protección de los derechos sociales y el mecanismo nacional previsto en Filipinas; y (b) analizar el modo en que la Corte Suprema de Filipinas ha aplicado dicho marco internacional en algunos de sus casos más significativos.A lo largo del artículo, el escritor se encargará de fijar los principios constitucionales a partir de los cuales los tratados y normas internacionales sobre protección de derechos sociales son aplicados en Filipinas. Se afirmará que la doctrina se ha vuelto especialmente instructiva a la hora de abordar la preocupación de los derechos sociales a nivel nacional. La postura de los magistradores filipinos respecto a la aplicación de esta doctrina será citada mediante las decisiones más relevantes de la Corte Suprema.El escritor llevará a cabo un estudio de las respuestas dadas por el Gobierno de Filipinas al catálogo de problemas presentado por el Comité de Derechos económicos, sociales y culturales el 18 de agosto de 2016 para demostrar cómo los acuerdos sobre protección de los derechos sociales sirven como instrumento de fiscalización para garantizar el cumplimiento por parte de los Estados Miembros de las Naciones Unidas de los compromisos contraídos en materia de Derechos Humanos, en particular, el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales. También se hará referencia a los desafíos a los que debe enfrentarse un país en vía de desarrollo como Filipinas a la hora de cumplir estos parámetros.Una parte del trabajo se centrará en dos casos significativos que muestran la creatividad de la Corte Suprema filipina a la hora de aplicar las normas internacionales sobre protección de derechos sociales.Finalmente, se concluirá afirmando que el cumplimiento del marco internacional de protección de los derechos sociales por parte de un país en vía de desarrollo requiere una especial sinergia por parte de los principales ejecutores del Gobierno. Así, el origen de la pobreza y el subdesarrollo en un país como Filipinas debe ser directamente confrontado a a través de un paradigma de reformas más intensas, como procesos pacíficos que conduzcan a un cambio constitucional, si fuese necesario.Recibido: 12 abril 2018Aceptado: 25 junio 2018Publicación en línea: 03 agosto 2018

Sobre la estructura y los límites de los derechos sociales

Los derechos en general y los derechos sociales en particular se enfrentan a tres tipos de problemas: problemas filosóficos relativos a su fundamentación; problemas políticos que afectan a su reconocimiento; y, por último, problemas jurídicos que surgen a la hora de su garantía y protección. La pregunta acerca del status constitucional de los derechos sociales afecta directamente a este último problema.En este trabajo voy a mantener dos tesis, que, si bien son conceptualmente independientes, guardan una estrecha relación. En primer lugar, cualquier acercamiento a los problemas jurídicos de los derechos sociales debe tener en cuenta la estructura de los derechos, esto es, la posición del titular y del obligado por el derecho. Tener un derecho, al margen de cuál pueda ser su fundamento, significa ocupar una posición determinada en el marco de una relación jurídica. Afirmar que se tiene derecho a algo sin indicar quién está afectado, como obligado a hacer o a abstenerse de hacer, es una declaración política o moral, pero no el reconocimiento de un derecho en sentido estricto, esto es, en sentido jurídico.En la segunda parte señalaré que los límites que afectan a la garantía y protección de los derechos sociales dependen de la estructura de los derechos más que de su status constitucional.Recibido: 12 abril 2018Aceptado: 25 junio 2018Publicación en línea: 03 agosto 2018

The Problem of Social Protection of the Interests of Families Raising Children With Disabilities of Health and Children with the Limited Possibilities of Health

The issues of social security for children with disability acts as the most sensitive indicator of quality of life, integrating all the negative sides of modern society and vividly describing the effectiveness of all social institutions, including government authorities, public associations, aimed at creating conditions under which people with special needs can lead an independent life and to participate actively in all its aspects. Achieving significant progress in the implementation of the policy in relation to children with disabilities is impossible without knowledge of the needs of the families in which they are raised, as well as assessing the quality of services provided to these families. The article presents the results of a poll of parents of children with disabilities and children with disabilities, with the support of the Nikolayev regional support movement of people with disabilities are «Strong together» and the Department of labour and social protection of population of the Nikolayev city Council in january-may 2018 in the city of Nikolayev. Its main objective was to identify the major obstacles to ensure the social safety of this category of population. In particular, the analysis of the opinions and judgments of parents about the difficulties they encounter in daily life, the quality of provision of medical, social, educational services, visiting rehabilitation institutions, the organization of leisure of their children, as well as the definition of acceptable types and forms of education for children with disabilities different groups of diseases. For the basis of the empirical data, the generalizations about the state of social protection rights to a decent life for children with disabilities and develop practical recommendations.

Reforma constitucional y derechos sociales: la necesidad de un nuevo paradigma en el derecho público español

The economic, social and political crisis has created the idea that we need a reform of the Spanish Constitution. Given the traditional jurisprudence and the case law of the Constitutional Court, according to which social rights are not directly enforceable rights but mere political mandates, some other opinions consider that we need to strengthen their character of subjective rights. Considering that the dominant conception of social rights and the constitutional case law have created the current situation, a simple change in the letter of the Spanish constitution could not be enough. This article proposes the main lines for a new language of social rights that assures the protection of social rights, following international standards and foreign experiences.

Social Rights Protection in Europe in Times of Crisis: ‘A Tale of Two Cities’

Abstract Europe can be considered a sort of fortress of the protection of socio-economic rights. However, this bright scenario has been unsettled by the eruption of the Eurozone crisis, which has challenged the narrative of social Europe and swept away protections for social rights in Member States grappling with sovereign debt crises such as Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Cyprus, Latvia and Romania. In these countries, austerity measures led to persistent violations of social rights, under the external constraint of conditionality regimes which involved cuts in wages, pensions and welfare services. Consequently, austerity measures were challenged in domestic and European Courts and before the ECSR. In other words, there has been a ‘turn to the law’, in order to give concrete effect to the potential offered by the relevant legal instruments. What has been the general attitude of the Courts and quasi-judicial bodies to actions challenging austerity measures? Since the analysis of how the Courts and other human rights bodies manage the complex and controversial balance between austerity and social rights is an excellent ‘stress test’ to determine the ‘weight’ of the latter not only in the political debate, but also in the human rights discourse, this paper will focus on the ‘crisis cases’ in Europe, so as to shed light on the actual level of protection for social rights.

Overview of recent cases before the court of justice of the European Union (April−September 2017)

This contribution presents an overview of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the period April–September 2017 on social security matters. The relevant rulings concern first and foremost the rules determining the applicable legislation as enshrined in Regulation 883/2004 and Regulation 1408/71. In addition, the Court of Justice has delivered important rulings concerning posted worker and the binding effect of A1 certificates, the social security rights of third country nationals holding a single-permit and the protection of social rights in the context of financial crisis and austerity measures.

A Critical Overview at the New Changes in Brazilian Education after Movimentalistics by the Fall of Popularity of the Workers Party Government; Transnational Perspectives

This article aims to highlight the development of public policies and innovations in the Brazilian education system in 2017, and the adequacy of a progressive strategic plan, according to the alignment of the same ones in the perspective of the continuity of the PT government in a critical analysis and reflective, adding efforts to increase visibility through research developed by the author by participation in debates on the controversial issue of protection of social rights, especially education, in Latin countries, prioritizing Brazil as a center of gravity, safeguarding in contrast, different intercommunicable scenarios with the subject in question.