Prospects Of Children Research Articles

Central Causation of Autism/ASDs via Excessive [Ca2+]i Impacting Six Mechanisms Controlling Synaptogenesis during the Perinatal Period: The Role of Electromagnetic Fields and Chemicals and the NO/ONOO(-) Cycle, as Well as Specific Mutations.

The roles of perinatal development, intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i, and synaptogenesis disruption are not novel in the autism/ASD literature. The focus on six mechanisms controlling synaptogenesis, each regulated by [Ca2+]i, and each aberrant in ASDs is novel. The model presented here predicts that autism epidemic causation involves central roles of both electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and chemicals. EMFs act via voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation and [Ca2+]i elevation. A total of 15 autism-implicated chemical classes each act to produce [Ca2+]i elevation, 12 acting via NMDA receptor activation, and three acting via other mechanisms. The chronic nature of ASDs is explained via NO/ONOO(-) vicious cycle elevation and MeCP2 epigenetic dysfunction. Genetic causation often also involves [Ca2+]i elevation or other impacts on synaptogenesis. The literature examining each of these steps is systematically examined and found to be consistent with predictions. Approaches that may be sed for ASD prevention or treatment are discussed in connection with this special issue: The current situation and prospects for children with ASDs. Such approaches include EMF, chemical avoidance, and using nutrients and other agents to raise the levels of Nrf2. An enriched environment, vitamin D, magnesium, and omega-3s in fish oil may also be helpful.

Historical Review and Prospect of the Rights of Ethnic Minority Children in Western China

Children are the hope of the country in the future. People have been concerned about the healthy growth of children, pay attention to welfare undertakings, and make practical efforts for children's own interests and long-term development. People attach great importance to this, in order to protect the healthy growth of children, constantly children's health protection work. The author mainly discusses the historical review and prospect of children's health from four aspects: improving the protection of child welfare, improving children's security system, strengthening children's family responsibility and establishing children's self-protection consciousness.

Rural Parents' School Choices: Affective, Instrumental and Structural Influences

The paper discusses qualitative findings from an in-depth study of the school choices of 65 parents living in rural and remote areas of Tasmania and their views about the need for their children to move out of the area to pursue education at secondary and post-secondary level. A constructivist analysis of open-ended survey questions and focus group discussions formed part of a broader mixed-methods approach and probed the affective 'subtext' of instrumental survey responses. Findings contribute to our understanding of the interaction of affective, instrumental and structural factors influencing rural parents' educational decision-making in the neo-liberal policy context, especially with regard to decisions perceived by parents as 'risky' with respect to their own future employment and financial expectations. External threats to rural livelihoods, such as economic downturns and natural disasters create parents' feelings of anxiety about children's educational futures and are experienced differently by those living on farming properties or in small rural towns. Parents' perceptions of local and urban school availability, access and quality differ by locality and region. Educational outcomes reflect multidimensional structural, socio-economic and cultural constraints shaping school choice. Membership of voluntary associations, which provides supportive informational networks and develops shared social capital, appears to help parents to overcome socio-economic inequalities and improve their children's prospects of educational success. The interplay of social class, gender and place attachment is examined with reference to Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and disposition, as well as the processes by which parents try to transmit intergenerational advantage through educational choices.

PARENTING STYLE AND SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION AMONG KASHMIRI ADOLESCENTS

Adolescence is the most vulnerable stage of life, and children at this age require greater parental attention, care, love, and support. In today's world, young minds spend a lot of time on the internet. One of the simplest approaches is to use social media, which incorporates media and social connectivity sites. Social networking has become an important element of many young people's life nowadays. The majority of people use social media without thinking about the influence it has on their lives, whether positive or negative. We are more concerned with our virtual friends than the folks with whom we interact on a daily basis in today's techno-culture. Parenting is a complex and diverse task that entails a number of different behaviors that interact to influence children's prospects both individually and collectively (Darling, 1999). The current study aimed to examine parenting style and adolescent social media addiction. According to the findings, Kashmiri adolescents are subjected to authoritarian parenting approaches and are moderately addicted to social media. Male and female adolesc ents were found equally addicted to social media but the difference on the basis of locale (urban vs rural) and type of family (joint vs nuclear) was found to be significant.

Notes on the current state and prospects of the children's social movement in Russia

The current state of children's social movement in Russia in the genre of scientific notes is analysed in the article. The characteristic of the Russian Schoolchildren's Movement is given, peculiarities of the All-Russia "Young Army" National Military Patriotic Social Movement Association are highlighted, and specific processes in the Russian scouts’ organisations are described. The relevance of the Association of Children's Movement Researchers, of which Anatoliy Kirpichnik was one of the initiators, for the analysis of the state and prospects of children's social movement is emphasised. Scenarios of children's social movement development – "Limit", "Step Forward", "Getting Stuck" and "Scattering" – are presented to the reader on the basis of the conducted analysis of the current state of the said (forecast lag up to 2030). The social and socio-psychological factors that may influence the realisation of one or the other scenario are named. The conclusion that the existence of children's public associations is inevitability in modern society is made; the "meeting" of the interests of the state (as well as society) with the basic characteristics of adolescence – desire to manifest adulthood and need for personal and group self-actualisation – being the basis of the above mentioned. It is emphasised that the basic oppositions in which children's social movement will exist and change, include the activity of the state (on which social activity depends), whether social processes are more or less ideological, whether the state is oriented towards managing real processes in children or towards imitative activity. It is noted that the scenario method of analysing processes in the children's social movement makes it possible to identify reference points and indicators around which state and social policy in the space of the children's movement can be built.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ СУСПІЛЬНО-ГЕОГРАФІЧНОГО ВИВЧЕННЯ КОМПЛЕКСУ ДИТЯЧОГО ТУРИЗМУ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ КЛАСТЕРУ ППДТ УКРАЇНИ)

Nowadays it is extremely important to consider children’s tourism through its various types, including resort and health-improving, cognitive-event children’s tourism (CECT). The last one could be the basis for the knowledge development about the history of Ukraine, the popularization of our state traditions and customs, and nurturing of the values of the Ukrainian people among children. The important role of the interdisciplinary toolkit, in particular in the study of geospatial processes and relationships, ensures the effectiveness of research on the geospatial organization of children’s tourism and its various types in particular, the functioning, problems and prospects of children’s tourism at national, regional and local levels, which is especially important in the context of social transformation, including decentralization, as well as against the background of the current situation in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to determine the conceptual foundations of the human-geographical study of the complex of children’s tourism, and the main tasks – to outline the typical functional-component and territorial-cluster structures of the CECT cluster based on the Ukrainian experience of organizing specialized tourist services for young tourists. The research methodology includes the use of methods of content-analysis of relevant foreign and Ukrainian publications, comparison, systematization, generalization, graphical and comparative-geographical methods, cluster approach and statistical analysis of factual information from open sources. The place of the CECT cluster in the complex of children’s tourism structure is substantiated. The conceptual provisions of the study of the complex of children’s tourism have been improved by defining the typical functional-component structure of the CECT cluster, which includes the interaction of customers (commissioners) of relevant tourism services, primary tourism enterprises and related secondary, tertiary, as well as management, educational, research establishments, organizations and institutions, based on direct and inverse, information, operational and management links, that is providing the formation of cognitive-event specialization tourist product for young tourists. The typical territorial-cluster structure of the functional children’s tourism cluster as substantiates territorial clusters on national (NTC), trans-regional (TRTC), regional (RTC) and local (L TC, LTSC) taxonomic levels is proposed, which are based on organizational and managerial links, similar natural and socio-geographical conditions of the relevant tourist and recreational areas, as well as on the basis of analysis of the intensity of vertical and horizontal human- geographical links that arise between the subjects of the functional cluster. Besides, examples of the functional CECT cluster of Ukraine are given.

How families affect aspirational migration amidst political insecurity: The case of Hong Kong

AbstractThe migration literature has examined migrants' political motivations separately from their family's mobility strategies in the face of macro‐political uncertainties. Bridging the two bodies of literature, this study analyses how parental status moderates the relationship between individual political considerations and migration intentions in an increasingly tense political climate. Based on the quantitative data on political protests in Hong Kong, we find that migration intention increases both with mobilisation by protestors and repression by the government. While more active protestors are less likely to migrate, parents who have participated in the protests tend to have a stronger intention to migrate. Our qualitative data explain that despite parent protestors' commitment to the pro‐democratic protests, their encounters with law enforcement create a strong migration intention to ensure their children's political freedom and physical safety. While pro‐government citizens have less intention to migrate than pro‐democracy citizens, both are likely to migrate if they have children. Interviews show that pro‐government citizens' migration hopes for their children's future are de‐politicised. Finally, future‐oriented characteristics of migration motivates parents to prioritise their children's prospects over their obligations to their ageing parents. This study therefore contributes to the understanding of the relationship among migration, politics, and family life.

Buying time for infants with spinal muscular atrophy

Buying time for infants with spinal muscular atrophy

Prospects for Children’s Height in Japan and South Korea: Perspective from Food Consumption

In the past half century, children in Japan and South Korea grew rapidly in height by 2 cm per decade. Children in Japan ceased to grow any taller in the mid-1990s, whereas Korean peers kept growing and overtook the Japanese 3 cm in the mid-2000s and then stopped. In the 1990s, when Koreans caught-up the Japanese in height, per capita caloric supply from animal products in Korea was 150 kcal/day less than in Japan. When Korean children stopped growing in height in the mid-2000s, per capita supply of animal products was still rising. Household Expenditure Surveys classified by age groups of household head were decomposed to demonstrate that children and younger people in Korea started to turn away from vegetables in the early-1990s, and by the end-2010s they ate less than 10% of the vegetables eaten by those aged 50. Similarly, two decades before Japanese height stopped increasing in the early 1990s, the young people started to turn away from fresh fruit. Vegetables/fruit may be essential nutrients to support animal protein intake in human metabolism. Judging from the fact that 1st graders in primary school in Korea declined in mean height by 1.5 cm from 2008 to 2017 and that boys’ height increment from 12 to 17 years of age fell drastically from 18.9 cm in 2005 to 15.5 cm in 2015, it looks as though young people in South Korea will decline in mean height by 1-2 cm in the foreseeable future.

Дитячі телестудії в системі інтегрованих ЗМІ

<p><strong><em>The purpose of the article: </em></strong><em>to consider the experience of media education work with children in Ukraine; to classify the models of organization of mass media education of children, in particular children’s television, to substantiate the need to systematize the mass media as an institution for the formation of media competence of children’s audience.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology.</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>To solve the set tasks, the method of typology was used, which revealed similarities and differences between the forms and types of children's media; analysis, synthesis, generalization – to substantiate the conclusions about the situation with children's media; cognitive analysis – to outline the prospects of children's media.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> T</em><em>he activity in the children’s television association not only provides real opportunities for everyone to try themselves as a journalist, presenter, cameraman, but also enriches the life experience, which is the basis for joining society, for mastering social culture as well as the requirements of the environment. The quality level of children’s TV studio in the system of integrated media education primarily depends on the level of media competence of adults who teach children.</em></p><p><em>Unlike educational institutions, the media has a very useful quality, such as the ability to reach a large and dispersed audience. However, it should be recognized that as an institution of education, journalism does not currently have the necessary qualities. There is no regularity and provision of gradual development of knowledge by the audience. That is, the inherent potential of the media, necessary for conducting broad media educational work, is not yet fully used in the development of media competence of children’s audience.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty.</em></strong><em> </em><em>Experience of media education for children in the Ukraine is examined in the article. The author classifies the models of mass media education of children, justifying the need for systematic mass media as an institution of media-competence child audience.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Practical significance</em></strong><em>. The results of the study can be useful for both employees of TV channels and teachers.</em></p><strong><em>Key words: </em></strong><em>mass media, media education, children, models of media education.</em>

Соціально-педагогічна характеристика готовності дітей 6-7 років до навчання в школі в умовах закладу дошкільної освіти

The article emphasizes that the child's readiness for school is one of the most important tasks of education and upbringing of preschool children, its solution in conjunction with other tasks of preschool education allows to ensure the holistic harmonious development of children of this age. Older preschool age is characterized as a stage of mental development of children from 5 to 7 years. The leading type of activity is play, and the central formation is the acceptance of the inner position of the student. The indicators of preparation for school of older preschool children are generalized, we classify them into the main types of components of readiness for school, which include physical, intellectual and psychological (personal) readiness, the latter is also divided into communicative, emotional and motivational. It is summarized that these indicators are the main ones during the selection of children for school, their psychodiagnostic examination; determine the level of readiness of the child and allow to plan the prospects of children's development in the future, as well as opportunities for their socio-psychological adaptation in school.

The mosaic approach as a tool to facilitate participatory planning with children: Insights from Milan, Italy

ABSTRACT Evidence in the conventional literature points to the prospects of children as active agents in decision-making processes. This has also been emphasised in the participatory neighbourhood and city planning discourse. However, literature connecting a pronounced methodology like the 'mosaic approach' to participatory planning with children in peripheral immigrant neighbourhoods is scant. Following this, the purpose of this paper was to determine children's ability to provide relevant neighbourhood planning information. Employing a case study approach, primary data were gathered from 20 children of diverse backgrounds living in an immigrant neighbourhood in South-East Milan. The results show that children gave credence to outdoor play spaces where they meet friends and family. On the other hand, children identified the activities of some gypsies as a major dislike of their neighbourhood. Also, some of the suggested wishes and visions of children were more green areas, a swimming or splash pool, and a football field. A contribution of our analyses is a demonstration of the practicality of the mosaic approach as a conceptual and analytical lens in neighbourhood planning. Finally, we conclude the paper by emphasising the theme echoing the silent voices of children with a comprehensive sketch (mosaic) of the suggestions provided by the children.

儿童选择性信任研究：述评与展望

儿童选择性信任研究：述评与展望

Captured by the Quagmire: Iraq's Lost Generation and the Prospects for Children across the Arab Region Today

Increasing legibility is now available through NGO and U.N. data, which has been collected across Iraq, for an assessment of the contemporary state of social welfare amongst Iraqi children and the residual effects of the regime change that took place in 2003. This data will be examined, contextualized to the post-2003 period and the potential for theory-building will be explored. The picture that emerges suggests the level of humanitarian catastrophe resulting from the U.S.-led 2003 invasion and occupation recommends further interrogation of the policy of ‘regime change’ for its role in informing U.S. actions. Additionally, such catastrophic humanitarian outcomes lead to questions surrounding future use of regime change efforts. The Iraqi case exhibits the destruction of the state apparatus, with social and cultural institutions built from Iraq's 1932 independence, rather than a direct replacement of those ruling the state. Iraqi children, not yet born when the 2003 invasion took place, have borne the brunt of the Iraqi state's destruction, with an absence of care from those who carried out the change in regime.

Students in poverty: Maintaining understanding and engagement

“To help children grow into prepared, productive adults, parents need well‐paying jobs, affordable housing and the ability to invest in their children's future. When parents are unemployed or earn low wages, their ability to support their kids' development is more limited, which can undermine their children's prospects for success in school and beyond.”

Long-term stability of core language skill in children with contrasting language skills.

This 4-wave longitudinal study evaluated stability of core language skill in 421 European American and African American children, half of whom were identified as low (n = 201) and half of whom were average-to-high (n = 220) in later language skill. Structural equation modeling supported loadings of multivariate age-appropriate multisource measures of child language on single latent variables of core language skill at 15 and 25 months and 5 and 11 years. Significant stability coefficients were obtained between language latent variables for children of low and average-to-high language skill, even accounting for child positive social interaction and nonverbal intelligence, maternal education and language, and family home environment. Prospects for children with different language skills and intervention implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

Family Justice for Future Generations: Considering the Interests of Children and Future Generations in Family Law

Most family laws are present-oriented. Generally, that is appropriate. Resolving ongoing family controversies, deciding current family disputes, and settling existing marital conflicts are very important tasks and in so doing family courts make significant contribution to establishing peace, order, stability, predictability and satisfaction in families and societies.But it is important also to consider the long-range effects of current family laws and policies. It is especially critical to consider how well the family laws of a society protect children and future generations.This paper explores the ways in which the collective interests of children and future generations are practically, doctrinally, and systemically considered (or neglected) in American family law and culture. Marriage is the measure by which good or bad prospects for the future of children is most critically determined. There is great need for improvement in the families laws in the United States to strengthen, support, and encourage the culture of marriage. There is no greater institution for protecting and promoting the long-term interests and welfare of children, future generations, and all of society than the healthy institution of marriage. Yet marriage is disintegrating in American society, and the prospects for children and the future are grave.

Developmental Origins, Epigenetics, and Equity: Moving Upstream.

The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease and the related science of epigenetics redefines the meaning of what constitutes upstream approaches to significant social and public health problems. An increasingly frequent concept being expressed is "When it comes to your health, your zip code may be more important than your genetic code". Epigenetics explains how the environment-our zip code-literally gets under our skin, creates biological changes that increase our vulnerability for disease, and even children's prospects for social success, over their life course and into future generations. This science requires us to rethink where disease comes from and the best way to promote health. It identifies the most fundamental social equity issue in our society: that initial social and biological disadvantage, established even prior to birth, and linked to the social experience of prior generations, is made worse by adverse environments throughout the life course. But at the same time, it provides hope because it tells us that a concerted focus on using public policy to improve our social, physical, and economic environments can ultimately change our biology and the trajectory of health and social success into future generations.

PP-095 A RARE PRESENTATION OF HELLP SYNDROME AT 16TH WEEK OF GESTATION

Background: The prospects for children born with thalassemia currently include increased life expectancy and minimal or no organ damage. With the advances in the care of patients with β-thalassemia major (β-TM), there is a remarkable increasing prevalence of disrupted kidney functions due to various supposed factors. Therefore, early recognition of those likely to progress has become increasingly substantial. Serum creatinine and GFR, the current main diagnostic biomarkers, however, have several shortcomings for the evaluation of renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate novel urinary biomarkers including N-acetyl-b-Dglucosaminidase (NAG), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), to determine renal involvement in children with β-thalassemia major (β-TM). Methods: This prospective study involves measurements of the serum and urinary biochemical parameters, complete blood count, novel urinary biomarkers including urinary NAG to Creatinine (UNAG/Cr), UNGAL/Cr, UKIM-1/Cr and UL-FABP/Cr ratios and various demographic factors in 52 β-TM children and 29 healthy controls with comparable age and sex. Results: Patients had similar mean serum urea, creatinine and eGFR levels compared with controls (p>0.05 for all). The mean urinary protein to creatinine (UProtein/Cr) ratio was significantly higher in patients compared to the healthy subjects (0.13±0.09 mg/mg and 0.07±0.04 mg/mg, respectively; p=0.05). Significant correlations were found between urinary biomarkers and urinary electrolytes. Conclusion: Our results suggest that urinary NAG and NGAL may be

Beyond the money: the impact of international migration on children’s life satisfaction: evidence from Ecuador and Albania

Using data from eight focus groups and two household surveys conducted in the cities of Tirana, Albania and Quito, Ecuador, this paper finds that migration from at least one parent has a negative impact on the life satisfaction of children and adolescents left behind relative to that of children and adolescents who live with both parents who have never migrated. The results of this paper suggest that the impact of migration goes beyond traditional ones (e.g. remittances), which is useful for understanding how different components of international migration in general, and parental migration in particular, relate to outcomes that not only affect the full development prospects of children and adolescents, but also have important implications for policy initiatives that seek to address both the positive and negative impacts of migration on sending countries.