Project Methodology Research Articles

ПРАВИЛО ТЕЙЛОРА В РОССИИ В ПЕРИОД ИНФЛЯЦИОННОГО ТАРГЕТИРОВАНИЯ

Since 2014, the Bank of Russia has switched to a floating exchange rate and inflation targeting. From that moment the key interest rate, that is, the interest rate of the interbankmarket, became the main instrument of monetary policy in Russia. At the same time, the question arises: does the policy of the Bank of Russia really contribute to stabilizing inflation? In otherwords, it is important for policy makers, as well as private economic agents, to understandwhether the rate changes sufficiently to stabilize the deviation of inflation from the target. Thus, the task is reduced to the study of the monetary policy rule: the Taylor rule in Russia duringthe period of inflation targeting. Estimates of the Taylor rule allow us to see the nature of both the systematic reaction of the regulator and the discretionary one. Thus, the task of the studyis to consider the systematic anddiscretionary reaction of the Bank of Russia in response to the deviation of inflation from the target and the output gap based on the Taylor rule. The work is also motivatedby the fact that, based on the results of recent research, the basic least squares method can be used to solve the problem. So, to analyze the systematic reaction of the regulator, we evaluate the standard formulation of the Taylor rule using OLS. To analyze the role of the discretionary component, we consider monetary policy shocks as innovations of the Taylor rule. Using the local projection methodology, we estimate the impulse responses of the inflation components of consumer and industrial goods to identified monetary shocks based on the Taylorrule. The results of the assessment indicate the implementation of the Taylor rule in Russia during the period of inflation targeting. The findings indicate an active stabilizing systematic reaction of the regulator in response to the deviation of inflation from the target. Estimates of impulse responses show a decrease in the inflation components of consumer and industrialgoods in response to the restraining shock of monetary policy.

The project approach specifics in relation to the student self-organisation development

The study is based on the concept of shaping students' self-organisation in the digital learning environment of a technical university. The recommendations for creating an effective learning system can be used in the creation of effective education systems. They will be created through the use of digital technologies in the educational process of the university to create a culture of self-organization of students. According to these provisions, the author of the work should identify the characteristics of educational activities and ensure their effective implementation during the formation of the culture of students of a technical university. Scientific research on students' self-organization culture formation will be carried out considering the specifics of students' interaction and information environment of the university. The direction of the project approach in pedagogy is "pedagogical planning". The authors have identified the stages of pedagogical planning necessary for successful implementation of the project methodology and the problem under the study. They are necessary in the formation process of university students' self-organization culture. To conduct the research, it is necessary to determine the way in which the ability to create a culture of self-organization in the digital educational environment of a technical university can be developed. The authors have set a goal to provide students with the opportunity to realize their creative potential, to form self-organization. To enable students to design projects independently, the authors suggest that they show their autonomy in designing. They plan means to organize an effective learning process and ensure its effectiveness, which in modern conditions is possible through the introduction of digital technologies in the educational process of the university to create self-organization of students. The article describes technological methods of students' self-organization culture formation in the conditions of digital educational environment of a technical university, namely, project technologies, which are based on the relationship of a teacher and a group.

Sustainable creative tourism on islands and the pandemic: The Creatour Azores project

As the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was felt worldwide, the tourism sector was forced to seek ways of reinventing itself. Two decades prior to this crisis, in varied rural areas and island contexts, small-scale, community-based creative tourism had appeared as a sustainable place-making solution to foster place vitality, competitive distinctiveness, regenerative development and destination resilience. From an island perspective, this article presents the theoretical framework, methodological approaches, and empirical practices of the Creatour Azores project, which was carried out in the North Atlantic archipelago of the Azores from 2019-2022. Given this timeframe, the investigators and pilot projects that implemented this research-practice project were confronted with the COVID-19 pandemic, which accentuated the isolation and remoteness that tend to characterize islandscapes, especially peripheral islands such as the Azores. At the same time, however, this devastating global pandemic, which impacted the tourism sector especially, ended up offering unexpected opportunities along with special challenges, seeming to underscore the relevance of studies focused on the isolation and remoteness that characterize islandscapes. After describing the project methodologies and practices, as well as the adjustments adopted due to the pandemic, this article considers future possibilities for creative tourism on islands, in general, and in the Azores.

AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS TO IDENTIFY SIMPLE, ROBUST AND RELEVANT BIOMARKERS FOR THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS FOR PTSD: STUDY RATIONALE, KEY ELEMENTS OF DESIGN AND A CONTEXT OF WAR IN UKRAINE

Introduction. The incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is increasing due to war in Ukraine is of growing importance as this disorder is a serious risk factor for alcohol/drug abuse, depression, suicide and functional dysregulation of internal organs, in particular cardiovascular, endocrine, immune systems. PTSD can also lead to social inadaptation in family and at work. This makes PTSD a very important social problem in Ukraine that causes significant economic damage, since most of the PTSD patients are young and in working age.
 Objectives. The purpose of this paper is to describe the rationale, key elements of design, methodology and future prospects of the ongoing project “Exploratory study of health related physiological and biochemical parameters to identify simple, robust and relevant biomarkers for therapeutic interventions for PTSD patients”.
 Methods. Short time ECG records (5 minutes in supine position and 6 minutes in orthostatic test) recorded by “CARDIOLAB” (Kharkiv, Ukraine) digital ECG device with software to analyze HRV was used to calculate time-domain and frequency-domain parameters of HRV.
 Results. The pattern of HRV changes indicates suppression of parasympathetic activity, low overall spectral power and dominance of sympathetic branch of autonomic nervous system in participants with PTSD.
 Conclusions. PTSD has no effective treatment so far and the best clinical practices rarely reach efficacy of 50%. The realization of the exploratory clinical study described in this paper will provide insights in the mechanisms underlying systemic consequences of PTSD and will build the evidence enabling clinical trial(s) for studying treatment intervention for patients with PTSD.

Methodology, ethics and safety in projects documenting the war and refugee experience after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on 24/02/2022 (translation)

Methodology, ethics and safety in projects documenting the war and refugee experience after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on 24/02/2022 (translation)

Portal of Research Methods and Methodologies for Research Projects and Degree Projects

Portal of Research Methods and Methodologies for Research Projects and Degree Projects

Calculation of optimal parameters of the foundation for woodworking machines with large dynamic loads

The groundwork for machines with dynamic loads should meet the calculation requirements regarding strength and suitability for regular operation and the need for occupational safety standards regarding acceptable vibration levels. In addition, fluctuations in the groundwork should not cause a harmful impact on technological processes, equipment, and devices located on the foundation or outside it.A mathematical model of foundation vibrations and a methodology for calculating the foundation parameters are presented, taking into account dynamic loads from unbalanced masses and dynamic characteristics of the ground base.The mathematical model is a solution to the differential equation of the foundation vibrations.The article refutes a number of conventional concepts regarding the body of the foundation, its base, the geometric center and the damper between the foundation and the ground.The basis for determining the vibration damping modulus is the logarithmic decrement of vibration damping.It is constant and depends on the elastic and damping properties of the soil, as well as the installation mass. The more significant the logarithmic decrement, the faster the extinction occurs. It was found that an increase in the vibration resistance coefficient allows reducing the mass of the installation with a simultaneous increase in the area of its base, so the mass acts as a limitation.It was established that to ensure vibration resistance and prevent the resonance of the foundation, the ratio of the frequency of its natural vibrations to the frequency of forced vibrations should be at least 1.5.The calculation of the optimal mass, the base area and the depth of foundation laying is carried out according to the criterion of the minimum cost of its construction.An application software has been developed for the calculation. The projection methodology for the foundation for the machine with large dynamic loads is for a two-story sawmill.

Analytical assurance of food safety: a retrospective analysis

The article assesses the state of food security based on the approval of the project Methodology for determining the main indicators of food security, developed by experts of the Institutional and Policy Reform for Smallholder Agriculture (IPRSA) Project and taking into account the Law of Ukraine "On State Support of Agriculture of Ukraine" No. 1877-IV dated June 24, 2004 (with changes). The assessment takes into account the possibility of meeting the nutritional needs of its population, the availability of food, considering the annual prices for certain types of food, the level of food losses, the availability of resources for agricultural production, in particular, the seed material of the main crops. The reasons for the decrease in the capacity of food markets and the passive dynamics of food production are substantiated. It is proposed to shift the emphasis from a retrospective analysis of food security to an operational one, to form an information base on the analysis of threats to food security and its actual state, prompt response to the replenishment of physical food stocks as a monitoring base. The criteria for assigning business entities to the list of producers of food products for the purpose of making decisions on food safety are substantiated. It is proposed to form a wider range of food products, to increase the balance of the diet, to create conditions for the competitive development of the domestic food industry, to ensure the effective development of interstate agreements in the trade of food products, which is important for the export of products from Ukraine. The system of monitoring indicators of food security in Ukraine should take into account the indicators of the mandatory monitoring system as a component of economic security, the indicators of monitoring the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (Goal 1 Alleviation of poverty, Goal 2 Alleviation of hunger), which are monitored by the Government of Ukraine. Keywords: food safety, food safety indicators, operational monitoring, food products.

An Analysis of Transport Effects in Steady-State Simulation of the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment

We use the deterministic neutron transport code QuasiMolto to simulate steady-state operation of the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE). Comparisons are made to similar results from the MOST benchmark, the MOOSE-based code Moltres, and the design calculations for the MSRE. In the course of these comparisons, we calculate a value of 0.1799 for the graphite-to-fuel power density ratio, which differs significantly from that seen in other works. We also find uniform graphite heating inadequate to reproduce the characteristic graphite temperature distribution of the MSRE. Leveraging the multilevel projective methodology of QuasiMolto, the influence of transport effects on the modeled problem is found to produce average and maximum group flux variations of 2% to 5% and 30%, respectively, with a 12% variation in the reactivity loss due to delayed neutron precursor drift.

Quantification of flowering in coffee growing with low-cost RGB sensor UAV-mounted

The prediction of harvesting in terms of quantity, quality, and peak dates in a coffee crop is of utmost importance both for coffee growers and for the entities in charge of marketing at an international level. Such forecasts make the projection of crop maintenance, fertilization, and bean production costs possible, which has an impact on the social and economic benefits for the families that depend on this crop. In Colombia most of these are small producers. This research proposes a production projection methodology based on the traditional counting of flowers on several trees determined from the correlation with the area of flowers classified in Red-Green-Blue (RGB) sensor images captured with a low-cost sensor transported by a low-cost Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system. The results have led to a model that allows correlating the area of flowers classified in the image with the number of flowers in the crop from which the production season can be programmed. The results obtained show a correlation of Sperman ρ=0.761(p−value<0.001). This allowed the development of an appropriate regression model. The object-based classification model based on the Watershed algorithm was applied for the segmentation of the floral area in the crop with an index of Kappa=0.984, which represents an excellent performance of the classifier. All developments were carried out using low-cost tools and free software, which allows for reducing costs for producers in terms of time, labor, and analysis.

Process Mining for Disease Trajectory Analysis on the Indonesia Health Insurance Data

Process mining has been implemented in many domains, including healthcare. In healthcare, process mining projects aimed to inform sequential patterns of processes based on the actual process executions as they are recorded in the event log. Event log as the main input of process mining tasks can be extracted from the automatically recorded data of patient treatments or diagnoses. By understanding common patterns of patient diagnoses, we can analyse disease trajectories of a cohort of patients. Disease trajectory analysis has been used to describe the course or progression of diseases, especially chronic diseases, as experienced over time. We applied process mining as the main methodology for disease trajectory analysis, following the process mining project methodology, to analyse patient records on the Indonesia Health Insurance (BPJS Kesehatan) Data Samples. We extracted the data samples, transform them into an event log, discover the disease trajectories based on process discovery algorithm, analyse it to inform their conformance to the event log. Contributions of our research are to promote process mining for disease trajectory analysis and to open wider opportunities to analyse Indonesia Health Insurance data representing Indonesia health conditions. As a case study, we explored disease trajectory of cancer patients

O ensino remoto emergencial do audiovisual: relato de experiência do Instituto Federal de Brasília - Campus Recanto das Emas (DF / Brasil)

Since the second half of 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been challenged to think about audiovisual teaching remotely for professional practice disciplines of a technical course on ‘Audio and Video Production’ at the Federal Institute of Brasilia, campus Recanto das Emas. These disciplines enable our students, young residents from the Brazilian capital peripheries, to experience the complete cycle of making a short film (documentary, fiction, or experimental) based on their ideas and original scripts. This article reports the film development stages, the students’ experiences, and our approach to teaching audiovisual remotely during the pandemic in the aforementioned disciplines. In this sense, we will present the project methodology we have built over the last three semesters (2020/2021) and explore the relationship between audiovisual and education for academic and professional training.

Psychological and pedagogical foundations of the project technology

Both psycological and pedagogical foundations of the project methodology of teaching a foreign language were determined in the article. It is underlined that learning a foreign language at technical universities is quite successfully possible only on the basis of creative development of imaginative thinking of students using the project method.

A MODEL FOR THE SELECTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY BASED ON FUZZY-MULTIPLE ANALYSIS

The article analyzes existing approaches to the creation of decision-making support tools for choosing a project management methodology, which showed that currently many different methods are used for software support in choosing a project management methodology, and most of them are multi-criteria decision analysis. In this study, it is proposed to use fuzzy-multiple analysis, the use of which will fully ensure that project metrics are taken into account when choosing a project management methodology. Among the alternatives of project management methodologies, the following four approaches were chosen: cascade Waterfall methodology, Spiral model, Scrum methodology, and Kanban. All of them are aimed at optimizing processes within the project team, facilitating and speeding up product development. But each methodology has its own characteristics, because it is calculated on different teams both in terms of composition and volume, and is adapted to different projects in different ways. The question of the correct selection of the methodology for a specific project is decided on the basis of data about it. The work highlights the characteristics of the project that are most important for international projects: project parameters and requirements, types of communication tools, project risk assessment, team parameters, etc. A total of twenty-five indicators. An important aspect in the development of the proposed model is that the solution to the task is complicated by the vagueness of the existing recommendations regarding the applicability of different methodologies in different cases and conditions, in particular for the development of projects not related to software development and having an international direction. It is proposed to solve this task by using questionnaires. Each parameter that describes the project in the questionnaire is considered as a set of possible values. Each methodology is considered from the point of view of its application for specific options of answers to questionnaire questions. The task of formalizing information for the given project management methodologies is solved, based on the application of the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy sets. At the same time, the membership function determines the degree of applicability of the methodology to the parameter that corresponds to the answer option of the question given in the questionnaire. An expert commission is elected to determine the appropriate functions of all the mentioned approaches. To determine the management approach that is most suitable for a given project, we estimate the distance from the project assessment to the methodology assessment. Of all the ways to determine the distances between fuzzy sets, the system chooses one or another metric, depending on the nature of the problem under consideration. Each of these metrics has its advantages and disadvantages, which become advantages in applications. It is possible to use several metrics to compare results. Based on the developed model, the program module "Methodology Selection" was created. This module, after entering all the data and processing it, gives the name and information about the international project management methodology that is optimal for the chosen project.

Polygenic risk modeling of tumor stage and survival in bladder cancer

IntroductionBladder cancer assessment with non-invasive gene expression signatures facilitates the detection of patients at risk and surveillance of their status, bypassing the discomforts given by cystoscopy. To achieve accurate cancer estimation, analysis pipelines for gene expression data (GED) may integrate a sequence of several machine learning and bio-statistical techniques to model complex characteristics of pathological patterns.MethodsNumerical experiments tested the combination of GED preprocessing by discretization with tree ensemble embeddings and nonlinear dimensionality reductions to categorize oncological patients comprehensively. Modeling aimed to identify tumor stage and distinguish survival outcomes in two situations: complete and partial data embedding. This latter experimental condition simulates the addition of new patients to an existing model for rapid monitoring of disease progression. Machine learning procedures were employed to identify the most relevant genes involved in patient prognosis and test the performance of preprocessed GED compared to untransformed data in predicting patient conditions.ResultsData embedding paired with dimensionality reduction produced prognostic maps with well-defined clusters of patients, suitable for medical decision support. A second experiment simulated the addition of new patients to an existing model (partial data embedding): Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) methodology with uniform data discretization led to better outcomes than other analyzed pipelines. Further exploration of parameter space for UMAP and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) underlined the importance of tuning a higher number of parameters for UMAP rather than t-SNE. Moreover, two different machine learning experiments identified a group of genes valuable for partitioning patients (gene relevance analysis) and showed the higher precision obtained by preprocessed data in predicting tumor outcomes for cancer stage and survival rate (six classes prediction).ConclusionsThe present investigation proposed new analysis pipelines for disease outcome modeling from bladder cancer-related biomarkers. Complete and partial data embedding experiments suggested that pipelines employing UMAP had a more accurate predictive ability, supporting the recent literature trends on this methodology. However, it was also found that several UMAP parameters influence experimental results, therefore deriving a recommendation for researchers to pay attention to this aspect of the UMAP technique. Machine learning procedures further demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed preprocessing in predicting patients’ conditions and determined a sub-group of biomarkers significant for forecasting bladder cancer prognosis.

The Role of Project Management in Cyber Warfare with the Support of Artificial Intelligence

Cyberspace has a large number of actors and technologies involved that are parts of civil society. The ICT sector professionals and their applied and RDI project technologies are integral and indispensable parts of cyberspace. Project management doctrines and methods can significantly improve the effectiveness of projects, driving organizations towards success. Asymmetric or hybrid warfare clearly extends to the civil sector, and the reverse of this relationship raises interesting questions. The aim of the study is to examine, that what is the role of civilian professionals and technologies in cyber warfare? Narrowing down the question, the focus of this article is on what role project managers and methodologies have in cyber warfare, and in what ways can AI support them? Shall the PM knowledge help and support the efforts. The paper helps to present the issues raised through the eyes of project management by providing a systematic literature review through different aspect of the topic.

Democracy Indices and Their State of Development with a Special Focus on the Varieties of Democracy Project

For many years, democracy indices help scientists to classify political regimes all over the world. But does democracy indices measure the quality of democracy in an adequate way? Based on the literature review, an improvement in methodology of democracy indices can be observed since the end of the 20th century as an answer to the previous shortcomings. The author of the article describes development of democracy indices since the very first attempts to measure Robert Dahl’s poliarchy from the 1990s, concepts of Svetoslava Andreeva, the Democracy Barometer project, focusing on the principles of the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project. The analysis of democracy indices is made from the new institutionalism perspective, along with an attempt to indicate how different indices measure democracy. New ways of democracy indices development in the future have been suggested, including the impact of third countries and ICT technologies In the summary, the main aspects of the V-Dem project methodology have been indicated that distinguish it from other democracy indices. What is more, the V-Dem project has been indicated as a project that measures democracy in the most comprehensive way.

A participatory, multidimensional and modular impact assessment methodology for citizen science projects

This paper presents a multidimensional methodology for assessing the scientific, social, economic, political and environmental impacts of citizens science (CS) projects. Besides these five areas of impact, the methodology considers also the transformative potential of the CS projects, i.e. the degree to which a CS project can help to change, alter, or replace current systems, the business-as-usual, in one or more fields such as science production or environmental protection. The methodology is designed to be modular and flexible so to adapt to the specificities of different CS projects and offers operational tools for its use by non-experts. The paper also describes the co-design process followed for its development and discusses the main lessons learned as emerged during its testing with 16 citizen science projects.

Methodology of sociological research in the regions of Kazakhstan

At the present stage of socio-economic development of the country, it is necessary to take into account the relevance of important aspects for ensuring the quality of human life, including the scientific sphere, which includes the active use of information and communication technologies (ICT), which cause the rapid integration of society into an environment where a large array of information and knowledge is created, processed and used. The objective of the work is to promote the methodology of sociological research, the development of the process of integration of science, population and entrepreneurship by expanding information and communication technologies to achieve the effectiveness of regional development in Kazakhstan. The realization of this goal allows us to state with full confidence that this problem and methodological approaches to its solution in the national research practice do not have a wide elaboration and dissemination, therefore it is of high relevance for the progress of Kazakh science and social development. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author's research is focused on obtaining a socio-economic effect, which is important for the promotion of Kazakhstani society in the direction of increasing competitiveness, living standards of the population, reducing poverty and differentiating incomes of the population. In addition, broad-profile specialists in the field of economics and management, sociological analysis and social sciences should be involved in the implementation of scientific research. The new scientific and practical results obtained in the study can significantly expand the scientific base, promote the methods of sociological research in the context of the use of information and communication technologies, show the scientific and technological directions of development relevant to society, can be used for the rating of regional scientific programs in the framework of the development of the prognosis of scientific and technological development of Kazakhstan for 2030. Key words: regional development, methodology of sociological research, business project, information space, regional economy, information and communication technologies (ICT).

Политическая самоидентификация молодежи. Понятие, компоненты, оценка

The dynamically changing global politics and the growing demand by political decision makers to identify the factors underlying the political self-identification of young people cause the relevance of the article. For example, the article presents the relationship between political identity and political attitudes, correlates the concepts of identity, identification and self-identification; it considers such factors of self-identification formation as socialization, political culture, territorial factor, social stratification and mobility, framing effect. The authors note that political self-identification is closely connected with other types of identity. As an optimal method for assessing the influence of political self-identification of young people on the nature of their political preferences and political behavior, the authors suggest a survey with elements of a projective methodology. As a result, understanding the factors discussed in the article will allow officials to approach the issue of assessing the political identity of young people more effectively, to adjust it and to prevent radicalizing trends.