Indonesian Program Research Articles

Peningkatan Kompetensi Pedagogik dan Profesionalitas Guru di Indonesia Melalui Pendidikan Profesi Guru (PPG)

Indonesian teachers is low. This is a problem that must be faced by educational institutions to review the implementation of PPG in improving teacher pedagogic competence and professionalism. This research was conducted by examining more deeply the report on the results of the implementation of teacher pedagogic competency and professionalism tests. This study also explains the teacher's pedagogic and professional competency maps and the urgency of the role of the PPG program in Indonesia in improving the quality of education. This study maps pedagogic and professional competence in the low, medium and high categories based on the balance of education from the results of teacher competency tests throughout Indonesia in 548 regions in Indonesia in order to describe teacher potential as a basic basis for analysis. An urgency analysis was carried out by comparing the competence of teachers before and after participating in PPG based on the data sources in the articles. Based on data that has been mapped, the pedagogic competence and professional competence of teachers in Indonesia are in the medium category. The results of the literacy study found that PPG has so far been able to improve teacher pedagogic and professional competence, so the implication of this paper is to provide a view for higher education institutions as PPG organizers to prepare programs that are able to improve pedagogic and professional competence through the involvement of government support to evaluate implementation PPG program in producing quality education.

Implementasi Metode Multi-Objective Optimization On The Basis Of Ratio Analysis dalam Seleksi Mahasiswa Program Indonesia Pintar

The Smart Indonesia Program (PIP) is assistance in the form of cash, expanding access, and learning opportunities from the government which are given to students and students who come from poor or vulnerable families to finance education. This study uses decision support system techniques with the Multi-Objective Optimization method basically of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) which can help in determining a good ranking. Criteria for Rapot Score, Parents' Income, Achievement, Place of Residence, PKH Recipients, KKS Participants. The results of applying the MOORA method of selecting the Smart Indonesia Student Selection Program are types with a value of 0.191937493 in Alternanip A10

Does Tax Simplification Motivate Small Businesses to be More Compliant? Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity in Indonesia

This research investigates how the tax simplification program in Indonesia affects tax compliance among small businesses, by employing a regression discontinuity design and examining various parameters of tax compliance. The results indicate that tax simplification does not significantly influence tax payment behaviour. However, it does have a positive effect on overall tax compliance, demonstrated by more frequent reporting and fewer penalties imposed. Analysis of heterogeneous treatment effects reveals considerable variation across geographic areas and internet access levels. Taxpayers in areas with decent internet access and near a tax office appear to benefit more from the program.

In-servıce EFL teachers’ well-beıng durıng onlıne teacher professıonal development program ın Indonesıa: An ecologıcal perspectıve.

This paper intends to scrutinize the personal and systemic factors affecting the well-being of in-service EFL teachers participating in a three-month online teacher professional education (OTPE) program in Indonesia. Moreover, it seeks to explore the resources that the teachers draw on to maintain their well-being. Six EFL teachers attending the OTPE program participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six focal participants. The data were qualitatively analyzed to find the emerging themes. The findings revealed that personal and systemic factors influenced the participants' well-being in the OTPE program. The personal factors included motivation, marital status, and spirituality, while the systemic factors encompassed the national policy on EFL teacher certification, teacher education institution, home school, and family. Moreover, the participants drew on personal resources, i.e., motivation and spirituality, and social resources, i.e., family members, colleagues, students, instructors, and fellow participants, to maintain their well-being during the OTPE program. Hence, the interplay between personal and systemic factors was quintessential to the EFL teachers' well-being in the program.

Financial Management of Students with Special Needs in Increasing Guardian Trust

Children with special needs must be educated informally and formally to develop their intellectual skills. Before putting children with special needs into school, parents need to find the right school by looking at various aspects, one of which is related to financing and financial management. In this case, researchers conducted research at the ‘Aisyiyah Ponorogo Special School to know the school's financial management in order to be able to increase the trust of student guardians. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. Researchers obtained data using observation, interviews, and documentation. The focus of the problem in this study is financial management, financing, and the trust of student guardians at 'Aisyiyah Ponorogo Special School. Based on the data obtained, the financial management of students with special needs at ‘Aisyiyah Ponorogo Special School is carried out by making a budget plan, clear transparency of funds to student guardians, and evaluation meetings at the end of each school budget year. Sources of funds were obtained from voluntary donations from students, assistance from the Ponorogo Regency Education Office, the Smart Indonesia Program, and the 'Aisyiyah Foundation.

The Contribution of Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards (IISMA) on the Development of Employability Skills of Undergraduate Students in Indonesia

Indonesia has the second highest youth unemployment rate among all ten ASEAN countries according to The World Bank Data in 2021, with 12% of the total unemployment rate dominated by bachelor graduates. One of the reasons behind youth unemployment in Indonesia is the mismatch between the skills possessed by university students and the labor market skills demand, referred to as the "skill gap." Experts believe that such a high number of youth unemployment is often linked to the failure of educational institutions to develop graduates with employability skills. Moreover, the skills gap is also associated with globalization in the 21st century, followed by new government regulations that ease hiring foreign workers in Indonesia. In this era, Indonesian graduates have to compete with employees from foreign countries, thus making international and multicultural knowledge desired by companies. To tackle these challenges posed by globalization and the quality of education, many higher education and government institutions are implementing one of the most prominent forms of internalization, international student mobility programs, hoping to prepare bachelor graduates to be more competitive internationally. In 2021, the Indonesian government displayed its effort to prepare Indonesian graduates to possess valuable workplace skills in the 21st century through funded international student mobility, namely IISMA (Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards). However, despite the enormous efforts of implementing the program, there are still many contra-arguments from higher education institutions and Indonesian society regarding the contribution of IISMA in developing the employability skills of undergraduate students. This study is aimed to identify the contribution of IISMA di developing the employability skills of undergraduate students in Indonesia and to see whether it has a difference with the development of employability skills in regular Indonesian undergraduate programs. This study used a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with the interviewees from Universitas Indonesia, Institut Teknologi Bandung, and Universitas Gadjah Mada, who completed an IISMA program in 2021 and 2022. The study discovered that most employability skills desired by companies are mainly developed during the IISMA program compared to an undergraduate program in Indonesia.

Carbon balance of plywood from a social reforestation program in Indonesia

Social reforestation programs plant trees on degraded, uncultivated land in low-income regions to allow the local population to generate income from selling wood products and—in case of agroforestry systems—to grow food. For fundraising it is of interest to demonstrate not only positive social impacts but also environmental ones. Proving negative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions would allow the programs to enter the market for carbon offsetting projects and liberate further funding. In a case study, a social reforestation program in Kalimantan, Indonesia, is analyzed. GHG emissions (according to ISO 14067, PAS 2050 and EU ILCD Handbook for LCA) of the main product, laminated veneer lumber plywood, are determined as 622 and 21 kg CO2-e/m3 for short-term and long-term (above 100 years) plywood use, respectively. Switching to lignin-based resins and renewable electricity could reduce emissions down to − 363 kg CO2-e/m3 for long-term use. The analyzed agroforestry system produces almost carbon–neutral plywood today and could be climate positive in the mid-term.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis control in Indonesia: a nationwide longitudinal analysis of programme data

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis control in high-burden countries has not been adequately assessed. We aimed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the national tuberculosis programme in Indonesia, in association with indicators of human development and health-system capacity across all 514 districts in 34 provinces. We did a nationwide longitudinal analysis to compare tuberculosis case notification, treatment coverage, and mortality rates in Indonesia before (2016-19) and during (2020-21) the COVID-19 pandemic. The following outcomes were assessed: the district-level quarterly reported tuberculosis case notification rate (number of all reported tuberculosis cases per 100 000 population), treatment coverage (proportion of tuberculosis patients who started treatment), and all-cause mortality rate in patients with tuberculosis (number of reported deaths per 100 000 population). District-level data on COVID-19 incidence and deaths, health-system capacity, and human development and sociodemographics were also analysed. Multilevel linear spline regression was done to assess quarterly time trends for the three outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the tuberculosis case notification rate declined by 26% (case notification rate ratio 0·74, 95% CI 0·72-0·77) and treatment coverage declined by 11% (treatment coverage ratio 0·89, 95% CI 0·88-0·90), but there was no significant increase in all-cause mortality (all-cause mortality rate ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·91-1·04) compared with the pre-pandemic period. In the second year of the pandemic, we observed a partial recovery of the case notification rate from Q1 to Q4 of 2021, a persistent decrease in treatment coverage, and a decrease in the all-cause mortality rate from Q2 of 2020 to Q4 of 2021. The multivariable analysis showed that the reduction in the tuberculosis case notification rate was associated with a higher COVID-19 incidence rate (adjusted odds ratio 3·1, 95% CI 1·1-8·6, for the highest compared with the lowest group) and fewer GeneXpert machines for tuberculosis diagnosis (3·1, 1·0-9·4, for the lowest compared with the highest group) per 100 000 population. The reduction in tuberculosis treatment coverage was associated with higher COVID-19 incidence (adjusted odds ratio 11·7, 95% CI 1·5-93·4, for the highest compared with the lowest group), fewer primary health centres (10·6, 4·1-28·0, for the lowest compared with the middle-high group), and a very low number of doctors (0·3, 0·1-0·9, for the low-middle compared with the lowest group) per 100 000 population. No factors were shown to be significantly associated with all-cause mortality. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely and unevenly affected the national tuberculosis programme across Indonesia, with the greatest impacts observed in districts with the lowest health-system capacity. These disruptions could lead to an escalation in tuberculosis transmission in the coming years, warranting the need for intensified efforts to control tuberculosis and strengthen local health systems. Wellcome Africa Asia Programme Vietnam. For the Bahasa translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Implementasi Metode MAUT Dan AHP Dalam Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Program Indonesia Pintar (Studi Kasus: SD Aek Nabara Tonga)

The Smart Indonesia Program (PIP) is material assistance given to children aged 6-21 years for educational purposes. Provision of PIP assistance funds that are not on target is a problem that is currently happening at SD N 1109 Aek Nabara Tonga. The aim of this research is to identify students who are eligible and eligible for PIP assistance. To deal with this problem the author uses the Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods to get students who are eligible to receive PIP assistance. The criteria used in selecting PIP recipient students were PKH card owners, SKTM, orphans, report cards, and parents' income. The final results of the AHP and MAUT calculations, the student who gets the highest result is Riski Pinaldi Nasution with a final score of 0.982 and is a student who is eligible to receive PIP assistance, while the student with the lowest result is Muhammad Akbar Soleh with a value of 0.101 is a student who is not eligible to receive PIP assistance.

Obstacles and Positive Outcomes from Teacher Professional Development (TPD) Program Implementation in Yogyakarta: English Teachers’ Experience

Research focused on Teacher Professional Development (TPD) programs is abundant worldwide, aiming to enhance teachers' growth, skills, awareness, and, most importantly, improve the teaching-learning process both within and outside classrooms. However, such studies are notably lacking in the Indonesian context. Therefore, this study addresses the following research questions: 1. What do English teachers perceive as the benefits of TPD programs? 2. What are the main challenges encountered by English teachers in TPD? To address these inquiries, this research employs both quantitative and qualitative methods to gather necessary data. A total of 73 senior high school English teachers in Yogyakarta city and Sleman regency participated in the survey through questionnaires, followed by in-depth interviews with five participants. The findings reveal two prominent challenges faced by the participants: managing workload and time effectively and the absence of a follow-up program. By identifying these challenges, this study also offers recommendations for changes and enhancements to TPD programs in Indonesia, as inferred from the study's implications.

Instrument Validation of Students’ Analytical Thinking Skills in the Natural Science Learning by Using the Rasch Model

The aim of this study is to validate the analytical thinking skills test instrument using the Rasch Model. The method uses quantitative research methods The essay test was used to evaluate the 85 students attending the PGMI IAIN Surakarta Study Program in Indonesia. Data analysis used the Rasch model–quest application because this model is known for its use in the item response theory. The essay test used to measure student analytical thinking skills in the natural science class was found to be valid, with an adequate level of difficulty, and most of the questions were within the range of student abilities. This study found a prototype instrument for analytical thinking skills in natural science learning through the analysis of the Rasch Model. This instrument can be used to help students measure their ability to think critically and analytically. The results can be used as a reference for instructors and researchers in designing, producing, and analyzing instruments for teaching students' analytical thinking skills in natural science learning.

Dampak Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) terhadap Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Miskin di Kelurahan Kerasaan I Kecamatan Pematang Bandar Kabupaten Simalungun

The Family Hope Program (PKH) is a conditional cash transfer program for low-income families. The requirement is to be actively involved in education and health. The Family Hope Program in Indonesia was implemented in 2007 to alleviate poverty and prosper low-income families. This research and journal article aims to determine the impact of PKH on family welfare and see if there is a reduction in the poverty rate after the government realizes the Family Hope Program. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Collecting research data in the form of observations, interviews and documentation with PKH Facilitators and PKH beneficiary families (KPM) Kerasaan I Village, Pematang Bandar District, Simalungun Regency. The results of the study show that the impact of PKH on beneficiary families, including the cash provided, can meet family consumption or needs and help the economy of PKH beneficiary families. Program implementation can reduce poverty in Kerasaan I Village. The percentage of poor people in September 2021 was 0.14% and decreased in March 2022 to 0.02%. The limitation of the research is the impact of PKH on family welfare and wanting to examine whether there is a decrease in the percentage of poverty in Pematang Bandar District or more precisely in the Kerasaan I Village. The practical implication of this research is to provide information to the government that PKH can increase the welfare of low-income families. Its social meaning is to provide an overview to the government and the community that the implementation of social assistance programs, one of which is the Family Hope Program, can reduce the poverty rate in Kerasaan I Village, Pematang Bandar District. The purity of this research is supported by the Kerasaan I Kelurahan PKH Facilitator who helps the community get out of poverty through a family capacity building meeting program (P2K2) which is held every month.
 Keywords: Impact, Family Hope Program, Family Welfare. Kerasaan I Village

Human resource management and corporate social responsibility: a case study of a vocational and education training (VET) programme in Indonesia

PurposeThis paper aims to explore how one industry leader in Indonesia addressed its hiring and training problems while simultaneously contributing to society through an human resource management (HRM)-led corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative involving a vocational education training (VET) intervention.Design/methodology/approachThe VET case study, which is central to the paper, followed a four-stage action research design. Data were collected through series of consultations with the company’s top management, benchmarking companies, the vocational school, local community and government bodies.FindingsThe intervention reduced the company’s hiring and training problems and provided jobs for graduates which addressed local youth unemployment. This experience generated lessons on CSR strategic interventions which should be considered when HRM professionals are seeking to address simultaneously organisational and social objectives.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on a single case in a local setting in one country.Practical implicationsThe study offers insights to HRM practitioners who face similar problems relating to upskilling, local talent supply and employee recruitment. The proposed framework is likely to be relevant to HRM practitioners who play a lead role in their organisations’ CSR initiatives.Social implicationsThe case provides a realistic example of how a company, through its HRM function, can play a meaningful role in addressing societal issues and strategic business objectives.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is an original case study based on primary data, conducted as action research.

Digital Health Intervention of Healthy Indonesia Program with Family Approach: Does it Work?

Background: The digital age holds out the promise of innovative technology. Along with the development of technology, healthcare management has been changing. Indonesia was implementing The Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach (PISPK) that aimed at increasing access of families and their members to comprehensive health services, promotive, preventive, curative, and basic rehabilitative. Every household data related to 12 health indicators was digitally recorded and analyzed on a specific website to provide a database for determining suitable health and empowerment programs according to health problems experienced by the community. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the performance of The Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach website in East Java Province, Indonesia. Method: The study design is cross-sectional with a descriptive exploratory study. Data was collected through an online survey utilizing Google Forms service and analyzed descriptively with a thematic content approach. Result: Respondents of this research involving 232 health workers from community health centers in East Java Province that running Healthy Indonesia with a Family Approach. This research result found that the PIS-PK website met the criteria of a digital health monitoring tool recommended by WHO with the score of Functionality (70.54%), Stability (62.89%), Fidelity (58.17%), Quality (73.81%), Implementation (77.41%), and Judgement (67.92%). Conclusion: Healthy Indonesia with Family Approach Website was beneficiary to be used as the baseline in designing and developing a community empowerment program targeting specific indicators at the community health center level. However, several issues were noticed including, stability, fidelity, privacy, and data governance that should immediately take into account to improve the website’s performance.

Creating a cancer advocacy program in Indonesia.

105 Background: Political will is crucial for successful cancer control. The ASCO Asia-Pacific Leadership Development Program tasked our group to address this issue. We identified the development of cancer advocacy in the Asia-Pacific as a key enabler, and Indonesia as ideal to develop and pilot a generalisable program. Indonesia has 270M citizens spread over 17,000 islands and 38 provinces posing major challenges for cancer control. There are no established cancer advocacy platforms in Indonesia with limited advocacy knowledge and readiness in the oncology community. Methods: Our vision is to establish a sustainable home for cancer control networks, with wide outreach throughout Indonesia. Our missions are to bridge the gap between cancer experts, patients, and policy makers; establish a network of cancer control platforms widely reaching to local districts, and empower cancer advocacy. This project proposes 2 main objectives. Firstly to cultivate cancer advocacy with a two-tier approach. We plan to collaborate with ASCO advocacy experts to develop a curriculum for cancer advocacy training, which would be conducted at an Indonesian cancer society meeting for oncologists. Thereafter, to create a web-based on-demand advocacy training for the wider community including nurses, patients, carers, and others using interactive e-learning activities. The second objective is to set up provincial cancer control platforms. These will be established by oncologists who have completed cancer advocacy training, to reach out to their local stakeholders. These provincial platforms will identify local cancer care gaps, and develop strategies to improve cancer control locally. The target is for these groups to hold at least one cancer awareness activity each year. At the national level, we plan to hold annual national cancer forums focusing on cancer advocacy, to congregate local advocacy champions and policy makers. This meeting will help cancer experts, advocates, and other stakeholders to meet with decision makers. Results: We plan for at least one oncologist from each Indonesian province to attend the advocacy training program in the first year. This will be expanded in the second year to include at least 2 participants per province in the on-demand cancer advocacy program. The national cancer control forum is planned for year 2. Conclusions: We aspire to build a sustainable, provincial training program for cancer advocacy, and to develop provincial cancer control networks in Indonesia. Once implemented, this model can be modified for application in other Asia Pacific countries.

Independent Learning Policy for Quality Strategic Educational Management Using IT Skills: A Case of Merdeka Campus (MBKM) Program in Indonesia

Independent Learning Policy for Quality Strategic Educational Management Using IT Skills: A Case of Merdeka Campus (MBKM) Program in Indonesia

Financing Management for Poor Students: Internal or External?

There are many children who do not go to school, they are more concerned with making a living for their survival. Even though the government has provided assistance to elementary schools in the form of Assistance for Poor Students, Jakarta Smart Card, and Smart Indonesia Program. The aim of this article is to describe whether the problem of financing education comes from internal or external because the government has provided inexpensive and free education in accordance with Article 31 of the 1945 Constitution. This research used a qualitative approach with case study design. This research used interview and observation techniques with stakeholders at public elementary schools in the Tebet area. Then conducted interviews with the principal, vice principal, treasurer, committee, class coordinator, and parents. Both internal and external factors are mutually sustainable, if one of the two does not support it will have an impact on children’s education. This research is more directed to internal factors, namely family factors, where financial management in the family is regulated by the parents. On average, they set aside 20% of their income for their children’s education. Sometimes some parents borrow money from relatives and neighbors if the situation is urgent.

The Level of Social Engagement in the Success of the Elderly Posyandu Program in Indonesia

The elderly population is an inevitable stage of life that everyone will experience. In Indonesia, the health issues faced by the elderly require the attention and readiness of society, experts, and the government. This research aims to analyze the level of social engagement in the success of the elderly Posyandu program in Indonesia. Qualitative and library research methods are employed. The narrative method is used to analyze the literature, with secondary data collected from databases such as Scientific Direct and Scholar. Results: Initially, 2700 research studies and articles were identified from the databases. After screening for publication year, duplicate titles, and abstracts, 10 research studies were selected. The criteria for the articles or journals focused on social engagement, elderly, and healthcare services. The findings of the research highlight three main points: (1) supporting factors in implementing the elderly Posyandu program, such as community outreach and ensuring adequate facilities, (2) involvement of various services including preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and promotive programs, and (3) the importance of social engagement, which involves active participation of the elderly and receiving emotional and social support from family and the community. Social engagement programs for elderly Posyandu in major cities have shown positive outcomes. Active involvement of the elderly, support from family and the community, improved accessibility, information and education, and emotional support are key factors contributing to the program's success. Based on these successful outcomes, this study recommends the participation of Posyandu in social engagement program activities in other major cities.

Upaya Peningkatkan Pengetahuan Wanita Usia Subur tentang KB IUD

Intrauterine Contraception Device (IUD) is a method of contraception that is quite safe and is the most recommended in the national family planning program in Indonesia. compared to other methods of contraception such as injections, pills and implants. IUDs can prevent pregnancy for up to 10 years with a failure rate of only about 1%. Presentation on IUD use at the Padang Serai Health Center 5.9% of this activity will be carried out at several Posyandu in Padang Serai Health Center from May 3 to May 23 2023. The target of this activity is Women of Reproductive Age (WUS), totaling 167 people. The method of this activity is to distribute leaflets to participants then conduct counseling and evaluate using a pre-post test questionnaire. The results of the activity revealed an increase in mother's knowledge. The average knowledge of mothers about IUD family planning before counseling was 48% and increased to 83% after counseling. The service team recommends using IUD KB by paying attention to the many advantages it has.

Efektivitas Akses Layanan Pendidikan Melalui Program Indonesia Pintar Peserta Didik Generasi Z

Facing global competition and maximizing the process of forming advanced and superior Human Resources (HR) requires means through education. The 12-year compulsory education program from the Government is to prepare for the golden generation of 2045. The purpose of this research is to find out how effective access to education services is through the Smart Indonesia program for Generation Z students. The research method uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. To measure the effectiveness of the Smart Indonesia program, the theory fromKettner, Moroney, and Martin.The results showed that the utilization of aid funds for the smart Indonesia program was going well and students used according to government procedures where they only bought school equipment and needs with satisfactory quality because students took part in competitions both in the non-academic (art sports) and academic fields.Thus, in the future students will continue to increase their potential to become superior and achievers.