Socio-economic Development Programs Research Articles

РАЗРАБОТКА ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ ПО СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЮ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ МОНИТОРИНГА СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОСТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The need to maintain sustainable development throughout the country determines is the important part of rapid and effective response from the regional authorities. This reaction should not only be to internal factors, but also to external ones. Therefore, in modern conditions the importance of accountability and evaluation of the implementation of programs for socio-economic development of the region is increasing, which raises the question of strengthening the role of monitoring socio-economic development, which is a powerful tool for strategic planning, through which you can influence the trends in the socio-economic sphere of the region. The above determines the relevance and necessity of developing and approving a unified and optimal methodology for organizing the monitoring of socio-economic development.

О развитии методологии планирования в период турбулентности

The purpose of the article is to study the accumulated domestic experience of macroeconomic planning in retrospect, the specifics of its application in the post–Soviet period, to identify advantages and disadvantages, to determine possible vectors of development of the methodology of national planning: its principles, methods, techniques, technologies, logic and options for the implementation of existing scientific and applied developments in the practice of management. The positive aspects are established and the imperfections of the centralized and indicative planning systems used in the Soviet Union and a number of foreign socialist countries are revealed. Conclusions are drawn about the need to preserve the experience of national economic planning accumulated in the Soviet period, in-depth study of its state in the transition to a market economy period, substantiation of probable options (scenarios) of development applied to the current conditions of macroeconomic uncertainty. Based on the study of the evolution of the scientific basis of planning, the problems of drawing up and executing national plans and programs of socio-economic development in modern Russia are analyzed. The accumulated experience of the program-target planning, limitations and prospects of its use are considered in the historical context. The potential opportunities and features of the use of the available strategic planning tools are presented. The necessity of creating a coherent national planning system focused on the implementation of the tasks of ensuring sustainable economic growth is substantiated. Recommendations are formulated aimed at activating the activities of economic agents on the use of principles and methods of planning adapted to market conditions of management and their application in the conditions of transformation of economic relations during the transition to Industry 4.0. Possible directions for further research may be the search for ways to link the strategic plans being developed with the provision of public investments, the systematization of various instruments of economic and financial regulation and the identification of opportunities for their development in accordance with the peculiarities of the organization of the emerging ecosystems of the digitalization period.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ БЕЗПЕКИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ

The article is devoted to the topical problem of ensuring the economic security of organizations. The subject of research is the economic security of the enterprise. The author substantiates the need to ensure the economic security of the organization for its stable and sustainable development. The essence of economic security of economic entities is revealed as such a state of protection of the subject from internal and external factors, in which he most effectively uses his potential, while reducing or eliminating existing risks or other circumstances to protect against them and achieve the main goal commercial activity in a competitive market. A set of measures aimed at studying the internal and external adverse economic factors and risks. Thus, external threats include: lack of a clear concept, strategy and program of socio-economic development with realistically achievable goals or too populist in nature; permanent lag in development, inconsistency and imperfection of regulatory and legal support for economic regulation; too risky monetary policy of the state in the banking sector, in the stock and foreign exchange markets, inefficient tax system, etc. The internal factors of economic security of economic entities arising in the sphere of its economic activity include: violation of the regime of preservation of confidential information; selection of unreliable partners and investors; outflow of qualified personnel; inability to objectively assess the qualifications of staff and their competence; insufficient patent protection; significant miscalculations in tactical and strategic planning, associated with incorrect assessment of the company's capabilities, errors in forecasting the environment, etc. The main components of economic security of economic entities were considered. Different definitions of economic security of the organization based on different approaches are systematized. The concept of "economic security" is clarified and formulated.

Objectives of the Medium-Term Programs of Social-Economic Development of the Russian Federation from 2000 to 2008

Introduction. Social-economic development of the Russian Federation in the XXI century are determined by three types of strategic documents – for the long-term, medium-term, and short-term prospects. From 2000 to 2008 the Government of the Russian Federation has approved three development programs. The purpose of this research is а study of the priorities of reforms implemented by President Putin from 2000 to 2008, based on the materials of three medium-term socio-economic development programs. The researcher used various modern methods of historical and political science research, including: content and comparative analysis, the method of comparative institutional analysis. Results. At the first stage, from 2000 to 2003, the government declared the solution of social problems - levelling the poverty level, raising incomes, solving problems with social benefits, and only at the second and third stages it was planned to implement administrative and economic reforms. In the second program, the priority was shifted towards economic and institutional transformations. In the third document, on the one hand, the focus of the Government’s attention returned to the social agenda and on the other, the country’s leadership did not declare new reforms, only continuing the ones being implemented. Discussion and Conclusion. The relevant decisions on prioritization and implementation of reforms could be motivated by several factors: firstly, successful economic stabilization, and secondly, strengthening the power and economic foundations of the state. Thirdly, the decrease in motivation to reform the economy could be caused by the new rental income (oil and gas).

DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES OF TUVA AS A BORDER REGION

The proposed study considers the development features of Tuva as a border region of Russia and the prospects for its further development. The study of the region's development features was carried out on the basis of comparison and dynamics methods as well as a set of generalizing indicators for the region's development. The methods of tabular visualization of the study results were applied. The analysis of Tuva's foreign economic cooperation with border Mongolia at the present stage is carried out. The analysis of the dynamics indicators revealed that the mutual trade turnover between Mongolia is becoming a factor in the economic development of the border republic. The possibilities and limitations of trade and economic integration of the Republic of Tuva with neighboring Mongolia are considered. Study results show the conclusion that Tuva occupies a favorable geographical position as a border region of Russia in terms of transit opportunities. Positive trends in the transformation of one region's economy are expected according to the program of socio-economic development of Tuva approved by the Government of the Russian Federation until 2024.

Assessment of reduced respiratory diseases in the Moscow population morbidity as a result of the implementation of the best available technology

AIM: To examine the potential for lowering respiratory diseases in the Moscow population as a result of the implementation of the best available technology at objects of the I and II categories of negative environmental impact.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: The source data array was created by the authors using a parser script written in the Python computer language. The determination of the geographical coordinates of the location of industrial facilities and their territorial linkage to the administrative districts of the city of Moscow was carried out using the JavaScript API of the Yandex Geocoder. Regression and correlation analysis were used to determine the relationship between the morbidity indicators of the population of the city of Moscow and the indices of comparative non-carcinogenic danger. The mathematical processing of statistical data was carried out using the interpreted programming language R and the spatial territorial binding of negative impact on the environment objects was carried out using the ESRI ArcGIS Online geoinformation system.
 RESULTS: A significant relationship was found between the values of the comparative non-carcinogenic danger indices to the respiratory system (arising from the volume of emissions from objects in the I and II categories of negative environmental impact) and respiratory diseases for various age groups of the population of the city of Moscow (children up to 14 years old, adolescents from 15 to 17 years old, adults over 18 years old). The spearman's sp coefficient was 0.84 (p 0.05), indicating a significant correlation on the Chaddock scale. The Student's t-test index was higher than the critical one at the significance level =0.05. This study identified the potential for lowering the number of respiratory diseases in the population of Moscow, which varies in the range of 1.1%2.2% for children, 1.2%2.5% for adolescents, and 1.02.0 for adults, depending on the scenario for the implementation of the best available technologies at the facilities of the I and II categories of the negative environmental impact.
 CONCLUSION: As a result of the research, a mathematical model has been developed, which allows determining the values of the potential for reducing the incidence of the respiratory system with the implementation of the best available technologies. This can be used in the formation of regional and federal programs for socio-economic development.

MODERN TOOLS FOR FORMING THE OPTIMAL STRUCTURE OF REVENUES OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES' BUDGETS

The influence of budgetary risks on the formation of revenues of budgets of territorial communities is investigated and a methodical approach to estimating the structure of revenues of budgets of territorial communities in the conditions of financial decentralization is developed. It is noted that today the introduction of the latest methods for optimizing the revenues of the budgets of territorial communities with permanent control over the level of budgetary risks becomes especially important. Mathematical forecasting of the probability of budget risks and its empirical measurement requires special attention. The main approaches of domestic and foreign scientists to forecasting the probability of budget risks with the help of economic and mathematical tools are considered. Its practical use, on the one hand, will ensure their permanent control, and on the other - will allow optimization of the revenues of the budgets of territorial communities. It is established that the existing methods are difficult to implement in domestic practice due to their significant mathematical calculation. Calculations were made using the postulates of portfolio theory, in particular the portfolio approach of J. Hicks, which allowed to form a rational structure of revenues of budgets of territorial communities in terms of general and special funds, as well as to identify ways to minimize budgetary risks to ensure optimal revenue structure without interbudgetary transfers in conditions of permanent crisis phenomena. This will allow local governments of territorial communities to increase the performance of their budgets. The latest tools of financial decision-making using J. Hicks' portfolio approach to the formation of the optimal structure of budget revenues of territorial communities without intergovernmental transfers, taking into account the level of budgetary risk, were obtained by applying the tools of economic and mathematical modeling. It is concluded that the latest tools for the formation of the optimal structure of budget revenues of territorial communities with permanent forecasting of the maximum possible level of their growth under the control of budget risks allow the development of ways to minimize, forming many scenarios for the optimal structure of future budget revenues and budget risk. It is established that the proposed toolkit allows to generate alternative financial solutions for local governments and assess the results and consequences of their possible adoption in determining strategic guidelines for the development of local community finances. It is proposed to further use the developed scientific and methodological approach to optimize the revenue structure of budgets of territorial communities in the context of various budgetary risks, which, of course, will allow local governments to make effective financial decisions in developing programs of socio-economic development of territorial communities.

Substantiation of the Structure and Content of the Individual Program of Socio-Economic Development of North Ossetia-Alania (in the Draft Version)

The relevance of scientific substantiation of the programs of socio-economic development of the regions is explained by the need to ensure both the activation of economic activity and economic growth, with the coordination of the extensive practice of the tasks of social practice to be solved. For North Ossetia-Alania, an individual approach to the search and implementation of new opportunities in each of the areas of economic activity, with simultaneous programmatic consideration of the adoption of complex regulatory decisions, is of paramount importance. In the scientific literature there is a significant number of works devoted to the justification of program approaches to the choice of goals and objectives that are embodied in regional programs of socio-economic development. At the same time, there is a demand for greater identification of the specifics of individual decisions, including through the systematization and choice for implementation of activities that are justified (including on a calculated basis) to achieve the general goals of an individual program of socio-economic development. In a broad sense, activities for ongoing projects of sectoral and general economic significance for the region must meet the requirements of not only financial costs, but also their effectiveness. The article summarizes the factors and conditions for the implementation of the individual program of North Ossetia-Alania, both in the current and strategic dimensions.

Організація соціально-економічного розвитку територіальних громад

Abstract. Introduction. Participants of the territorial community are united by a common territory of permanent residence, social interaction with each other, common territorial interests and needs of local significance, self-identification, common values and historical events, communal property, etc. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations of the organization of socio-economic development of territorial communities. Results. The main shortcomings in the functioning of territorial communities are highlighted, among which: the presence of differences in the priority needs of communities and actions by local authorities to meet them; lack of a coordinated feedback mechanism with the local population; insufficient level of quality of services provided by local authorities; insufficient number of employees in local authorities. It is emphasized that the introduction of equal programs of socio-economic development is not rational because each region or community needs special, specialized actions by the authorities. The principles on the basis of which the voluntary association of territorial communities in Ukraine is formed are determined, among which: constitutionality and legality of the process of association of territorial communities; voluntariness of the subjects of the association; economic efficiency; state support; ubiquity of local self-government; transparency and openness; responsibility. Factors influencing the development, approval and implementation of programs of economic and social development of individual territorial communities are systematized, namely: political; ecological; financial and economic; social and others. Conclusions. It was found that the list of indicators of socio-economic development of the united territorial community should contain indicators that characterize the demographic situation; economic efficiency of the united territorial community; financial self-sufficiency; quality and availability of public services; creating comfortable living conditions. The structural elements of the plan of socio-economic development of the united territorial community are considered and it is emphasized that the main results of the plan of development of the territorial community should be published in regional media in order to adhere to the principles of transparency, openness and transparency.

The Image of Municipalities

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to investigate the image of municipalities and also to determine the things that give the city a positive image of the territory. Methodology: The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the ideas and paradigms that were developed in the works of leading domestic sociologists, cult urologists, economists, and marketers. The applied individual methods include comparative analysis, typology, classification method, questionnaire, method of analysis of social factors and events Results: The Program of socio-economic development must be amended in the form of a subprogram for the formation of a positive image of the municipality of Chekhov, since today there are no projects or programs aimed at creating a positive image of the municipality to one degree or another, its popularization and perception among the local population and among tourists. Moreover, information support of the main assets of the municipality of Chekhov (information about the advantages of the territory, photographs and advertising leaflets) in social networks, the media, on the Internet, that is, marketing of historical and cultural heritage with a priority on the work of A.P. Chekhov Applications of this study: The formation of a favorable image is of fundamental importance primarily for residents of the municipality. It affects the creation and support of social optimism among the population, trust in the authorities and confidence in the future. Novelty of the study: The image of the municipality is formed from the priority elements of its structure and a set of certain factors of development and promotion of the territory. So, the novelty of this study is to asses this image in modern life.

СОЦИАЛЬНЫЙ КАПИТАЛ КАК ОБЪЕКТ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The article is devoted to the definition of the essence and content of social capital and the management of its development. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic literature, it is revealed that in the absolute majority of them, social capital is interpreted as a socio-psychological phenomenon. Social capital is considered as an intangible part of the system of resources, values and relationships, which creates opportunities, conditions for their owner, the realization of certain goals of social activity to obtain socially significant results in various spheres of social life. It is argued that it is not an attribute of just an individual, as is found in the vast majority of publications. It is based on the capital of society as a whole, various social communities, social groups and strata of the population, administrative and state systems, collectives, etc. Such a methodological approach makes it possible to determine the structure of the patterns of development of the main stages of the implementation of social capital, and the development of technology and a mechanism for managing this phenomenon. The structure of social capital includes labor, scientific and educational, professional and qualification, informational, innovative, organizational and managerial, socio-demographic, political and legal elements. It is noted that the social capital of various subjects has a number of its own characteristics. This is illustrated by the example of the social capital of the region. The current situation in the country has led to the actualization of the needs for improving the technology of managing the development and implementation of social capital of public systems. Since the progress of modern society depends on the effectiveness of the development and implementation of social capital, it is in this area that there are huge opportunities for innovation. Technologies for the development and realization of capital have their own characteristics that distinguish it not only from similar processes used in development management, for example, physical capital, they are also determined by the specifics of each structural element that must be taken into account. All the methods and means that make up the mechanism that contributes to the activation of the process of realization of social capital, which must necessarily be provided for in the strategic program of socioeconomic development not only of the country, but also of all social objects of society. The use and improvement of existing technology can become an important factor in the formation of the effectiveness of social relations, the intensification of the sustainability of the pace of socio-economic development of the country and the achievement of a high level of quality of life of the population. The idea is substantiated that technologies that contribute to the activation of the process of realization of social capital must necessarily be provided for in the strategic program of socio-economic development not only of the country, but also of all social subjects of society.

CORRELATION AND INTERACTION OF ECONOMIC CREATIVITY FACTORS AS A DETERMINANT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE EU COUNTRIES)

The creative economy is currently demonstrating quite intensive development indicators, and the share of the creative sector in GDP creation is constantly growing. The aim of this article is to reveal the interrelation and interdependence of socio-economic development factors and to clarify the place of the creative sector in ensuring sustainable economic growth. On the basis of 19 variables, the economies of the EU countries were analyzed by means of cluster analysis, which allowed the authors to single out 8 clusters in the constructed dendrogram, united by the nature and trends, as well as the role of the creative sector in these processes. In addition, the degree of correlation and interaction between the influencing factors themselves was described. Using RStudio, the authors built two multiple regression models, where the dependent variables were GDP and the global creativity index, and the factors were the indicators used to calculate the creativity index. Innovations and creativity are one of priorities of the program of socio-economic development of the European Union. There is a universal approach to understanding the importance of creative economy in the EU. However, the practical implementation of the strategy of development and activity of the creative industries by the EU countries is carried out in the following different directions – the foreign economic expansion of the creative industries themselves; the promotion of all national culture at the international level; export-oriented development of the creative sector of the economy; the lack of a separate comprehensive strategy of foreign economic activity for the creative industries, but the implementation of various programs and measures aimed at promoting exports of products of these industries as part of a national development strategy. Overall, the active functioning of the EU creative sector directly or indirectly affects the economy by improving its performance and creating jobs, stimulating innovation, and contributing to social and sustainable development. As a result, it was found that the global creativity index is largely dependent on the share of the creative class. It has also been proved that the creative and cultural industries determine the growth of a country's economy in terms of traditional economic and employment indicators. Investments in the creative economy will increase the qualitative and quantitative indicators of sustainable economic development.

From afforestation to forest landscape restoration in DPRK: Gaps and challenges

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) is currently in a state of severe deforestation and forest degradation, such that it was selected a beneficiary for Forest and Landscape Restoration (FLR) programs run by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). This study investigates the status and gaps in the implementation of FLR actions and analyzes the key challenges to FLR implementation. To accomplish this, I visited ministries relevant to forest and landscape restoration, selected and interviewed officials and professionals, and based our research on 10 years of experiences working in DPRK. Further, I proposed a roadmap for FLR implementation. Our results indicate that there is a need for a profound shift in attitudes towards the role of local people, recognizing that local people can be the main actors and partners in forest and landscape management. The reformation of the forestry sector and policies is needed to support the transformation of local livelihoods into a forest-friendly paradigm to exit the vicious cycle of “poverty and hunger–deforestation–environmental degradation–poverty and hunger.” Future FLR policies need to focus on the decentralization of forest management, clarification of forest tenure, and improvement of multi-sectoral cooperation and multi-level collaboration. The role of traditional knowledge and customary regulations should be highlighted, and forest management needs to be integrated into socio-economic development planning and programs.

Environmental Justice in Nigeria: Spotlight on Activism of Nongovernmental Organisations over Petroleum Development in the Oil-Rich Delta Region

Environmental justice (EJ) is a progressively advancing subject, social movement and practice, which requires fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all humans, regardless of sex, age, class, income, race, colour or nationality, in the development, management, implementation and enforcement of plans, policies, laws and regulatory practices, towards the protection and management of the environment in the course of socio-economic development programmes, including projects. It also requires equitable and thus indiscriminate exposure of all to environmental good and harm. It is an advancing social movement that advocates a healthy and eco-balanced environment, towards human wellbeing, sustainable communities and all-embracing sustainable development (SD) in the overall interest of society within our Planet (Mother Earth). EJ may thus be discussed within the rubrics of the twin relationship of the environment to development, in the ongoing effort of the UN to achieve SD around the world. Hence, this socio-legal study examines efforts of EJ Nongovernmental Organisations in the oil-rich ethnic minority Niger Delta region, towards greater wellbeing of the environment, humans and society at large in the region and beyond. The study makes a case for application of international benchmarked norms, guidelines, standards and practices on EJ beyond advanced countries, particularly to underprivileged areas of the developing world, such as the marginalized and neglected oil-rich ethnic minority communities of the Niger Delta region and other such deprived resource-rich areas of other developing countries.

Versatility of Interaction between Private and Public Sectors of Economy as a Result of Balanced Partnership Policy

The scientific article focuses on characteristics of public and private sectors of the economy in the context of considering their mutually beneficial long-term cooperation, as well as systematized approaches to the interpretation of the definition of «public-private partnership» (PPP). The works of foreign scientists in the field of researching the peculiarities of this form of partnership in the process of its evolutionary development are analysed, the experience of their implementation in different countries is presented, and the possibilities of implementing advanced scientific developments in modernization of economy and society in Ukraine are considered. The modern normative-legal support of the public-private partnership regulation is considered. The author argues that public-private partnership is a priority of government development programs which encourages strong and effective cooperation between government agencies and private business. Balance of interests between the studied sectors is a key factor in the success of public-private partnership in Ukraine, as the application of positive experience in PPP projects allows public and local authorities to address a number of important socio-economic issues. In the context of the formation of political, economic, legal and social attitude of public authorities to achieve partnership in the implementation of socio-economic development programs or investment projects, the researches of the diversity of public and private sectors, features of legal support of this interaction and identification of problems for its further development are extremely important. During the thematic research, the main relaxing (inhibitory) factors influencing the development of public-private partnership in Ukraine were identified, as well as key recommendations for improving the efficiency of public and private sectors of the economy. It is argued that the successful implementation of public-private partnership in Ukraine is possible only with mutual consideration of interests of the state and the private sector through trustful and transparent relationship between business and the state.

ФОРМУВАННЯ КРЕДИТНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ: СИСТЕМНІ АСПЕКТИ

Within thearticle,theoretical aspects of the credit mechanism formation in the conditions of transformational changes according tothe system approachare substantiated. The purpose of the article is to deepen conceptual foundations of the formation and development of the credit mechanism in the context of crisis phenomena and transformational processes in economy. It has beennoted that the maximum effect from the management of financial resources can be obtained from their effective interaction in the field of the credit regulation mechanism. Only within the framework of such integration can the contradiction between the need for additional resources and their scarcity be resolved, so as not to disrupt continuity of the reproduction process. It has been substantiated that the presence of a common goal, paying attention to the complexity and systematicity of financial management create prerequisites for applying a systemic approach in the study of the credit mechanism. It has been noted that in the process of the credit mechanismfunctinongwith the condition of strengthening the processes of financial support, the resources of the state and local budgets, banking institutions, the parabanking sector, investors, as well as financial resources of the population for investing in socio-economic development programs at the macro and meso levels should be consolidated. Creation of the conditions for effective functioning of the credit mechanism, the development of the credit market and credit infrastructure requires the use of a complex system approach to overcome the problems of the shortage of funding sources. The main tasks, principles, elemental composition and characteristics of the credit mechanism has beendefined. The following factors influencing the mechanism functioning has beensingled out, such as: state of the development of the state administration system and the political situation; unity of the monetary and credit system of the state; stability and interaction of the distribution and redistributionprocessesof financial and credit resources at all levels of state administration; state of the development of credit infrastructure facilities; state economic policy in the field of financial and credit regulation.Themethodology for determining the effectiveness of the credit mechanism in the conditions of transformational processes has beenproposed

УПРАВЛІННЯ РИНКОМ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПОСЛУГ ДЛЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ В МІСТАХ УКРАЇНИ: ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article investigates the organizational and legal aspects of managing the market of transport services for the population in the cities of Ukraine. The systematization of legal norms of the legislation of Ukraine in the direction of research is carried out and the priorities of ensuring the proper level of management of the market of transport services in interaction of transport enterprises and organizations with executive bodies of village, settlement, city councils are determined. The object of research is the relations related to the management of the market of transport services for the population in the cities of Ukraine. The purpose of the work is the analysis and generalization of organizational and legal aspects of management of the market of transport services in the cities of Ukraine, as well as determination of directions of increase of the level of transport service of the population and efficiency of activity of subjects of management and management. Research methods – analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, induction, deduction. 296 The development of the market of transport services for the population in the cities of Ukraine in the organizational and legal aspect can be achieved through scientific support for the application of legal norms in this area, advanced technologies, forms and methods of management and internal potential of territories, together with other partners. It is established that the efforts of transport enterprises and organizations, as well as executive bodies of village, settlement, city councils should focus on tasks to study and forecast the level of demand for transport services, formation of plans and programs of socio-economic and cultural development in transport; implementation of an effective state regulatory policy and attraction of funds on a contractual basis for the construction, expansion, repair and maintenance of transport infrastructure. Property management related to the provision of transport services, the establishment of a convenient mode of operation of transport enterprises, approval of routes and schedules, rules for the use of urban passenger transport, regardless of ownership, should be rational. Attention should be paid to the introduction of an automated fare accounting system in urban passenger transport, regardless of ownership, a system of control over the proper operation and organization of public services by transport enterprises. This will not only improve the quality of public services, but also increase the efficiency of transport companies. The results of research can be recommended for implementation by transport enterprises and organizations, executive bodies of village, settlement, city councils in the system of organizational and legal management of the market of transport services for the population in the cities of Ukraine. KEY WORDS: TRANSPORT SERVICES, MARKET MANAGEMENT, LEGAL STANDARDS, TECHNOLOGIES OF TRANSPORTATION ORGANIZATION, CITY PASSENGER PASSENGER TRADE

Особливості суспільно-економічних формацій у системі просторового розвитку регіонів

The article considers the features of the formation of new formations, taking into account the socioeconomic development of society. A brief historical review of the establishment of formations during the development of society is carried out. The main challenges faced by Ukraine in modern conditions are distinguished. An overview of the development of foreign economic activity of the regions of Ukraine is carried out and regional peculiarities of economic activity are highlighted. The main tasks that should be solved in the development and implementation of relevant programs of socioeconomic and spatial development of regions are determined. The tasks identified in the article are grouped by the main directions as follows: economic, social, production. It is substantiated that the spatial development of regions and the establishment of new formations in order to bridge the novel production links should be based on the principles of environmental friendliness and resource conservation. It is proved that the creation of new effective formations requires appropriate additional funding, which complicates this process, since today the legislation of Ukraine does not have a mechanism for financing such forms of cooperation. It is defined that in order to form effective spatial cooperation of the regions, it is necessary to appropriately amend both the regulatory and the organizational provision. It is necessary to develop an appropriate mechanism and organizational measures that would facilitate the formation of novel forms of production ties and contribute to the overall socioeconomic development of the regions in new conditions. The main principles on which the State policy should be based for creating conditions for spatial development of regions are proposed. Such principles include: the definition of appropriate «growth points» in the regions; taking into account new trends and requirements of international markets; establishment of effective interregional relations of both foreign and domestic policy; development of measures for the development of priority territories; taking into account the factors of the external and internal environment with the development of appropriate measures to minimize negative occurrences

СОВРЕМЕННАЯ СИСТЕМА ОТРАСЛЕВОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ И СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ КАК ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ УСТОЙЧИВОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

The subject and purpose of the study is to characterize and evaluate the current system of regulatory and legal support for the development of sectoral specialization of the regional economy, which is a constitutive factor in the economic arrangement of the country's economy, as well as to substantiate measures to improve the system of stimulating the economic orientation of the country's regions. The article substantiates the assertion that industry specialization, the positive value of which is substantiated by the classics of economic science, does not lead to the sustainable development of regions under any circumstances, and determines the conditions under which the desired effect can be achieved. The analysis and evaluation of the existing regulatory and legal support of the spatial arrangement of the country in the processes of development and implementation of long-term programs of socio-economic development are carried out. It has been established that the existing regulatory and legal provisions contribute to the weak performance of one of the main functions of public administration – the revival of the social environment with healthy market relations; The economic orientation of the regions is achieved by non-market imperative methods of regulating the narrowed composition of the branches of specialization, which is due to a deformed understanding of the essence of the fundamental foundations of the economic orientation of the regions. Negatives are also identified, which are also due to the imperfection of the regulatory and legal support of industry specialization, among which the determinants of negative factors are: a break in the mutually conditioning relationship between economic and social development, a slowdown in the development of relatively economically prosperous regions and the preservation of the state of a permanent increase in the backwardness of the regions of the economically peripheral part of Russia, aggravation of the problem unemployment in labor-surplus regions. A list of causal negative factors and threats to the preservation of social stability at the regional and national levels is given, and measures to prevent them are identified. Measures of revision and improvement of the entire system of normative legal acts according to the criteria for ensuring sustainable interrelated social and economic development are proposed.

ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

In modern conditions, the main vector of development of almost all spheres of activity is digitalization. The implementation of digital technologies is associated with the solution of strategic tasks in the economy and public administration. Digitalization makes it possible to use various sources to collect data in order to make management decisions after their analysis and evaluation. The results of digitalization of public administration are expected to digitalize the functions of authorities, increase citizens' satisfaction with the quality of state and municipal services and the speed of their receipt, create conditions for interaction between the population, business and the state using information technology. The paper attempts to determine the possibilities of digital transformation of public administration. The essence of this process is considered, the analysis of experience, including foreign, and problems of using information and communication technologies (ICT) in public administration is carried out, prospects in this area are identified. As a methodology, general theoretical meta-odes and special tools were used: analysis, synthesis; system, complex, dialectical approaches. It is summarized that the digital transformation of public administration in Russia is at the initial stage. The problems of using ICT in public administration are determined by the presence of separate unrelated information and analytical systems, the lack of integration between them, their lack of flexibility, the inability to assess the real effect of the implementation of initiatives, projects, government programs for socio-economic development or a specific group of the population. The next stage of digitalization provides for data–centricity – the use of objective data in public administration.